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Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul Faculdade De Biociências Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Zoologia PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL FACULDADE DE BIOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ZOOLOGIA REVISÃO TAXONÔMICA E ANÁLISE CLADÍSTICA DE Omalonyx d’Orbigny, 1837 (MOLLUSCA, GASTROPODA, SUCCINEIDAE) Janine Oliveira Arruda Orientador: Luiz Roberto Malabarba TESE DE DOUTORADO PORTO ALEGRE – RS – BRASIL 2011 SUMÁRIO DEDICATÓRIA ............................................................................................................. iii AGRADECIMENTOS ................................................................................................... iv RESUMO ........................................................................................................................ vii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... viii APRESENTAÇÃO ......................................................................................................... ix CAPÍTULO 1: ARRUDA J. O., BARKER, G. & THOMÉ, J. W. Reproductive system redescription and distribution extension of Omalonyx geayi Tillier, 1980 (Gastropoda, Succineidae) .............................................................................................. Abstract .................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 2 Material and Methods ............................................................................................ 2 Results .............................................................................................................. 3 Discussion and Conclusion .................................................................................... 8 Acknowledgments ................................................................................................. 8 References ............................................................................................................. 9 CAPÍTULO 2: ARRUDA, J. O., & THOMÉ, J. W. Revisão taxonômica de Omalonyx d’Orbigny, 1837 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Succineidae) ........................... Abstract .................................................................................................................. 10 Resumo .................................................................................................................. 10 Introdução .............................................................................................................. 11 Material e Métodos ................................................................................................ 18 Resultados .............................................................................................................. 20 Discussão ............................................................................................................... 41 Conclusões ............................................................................................................. 49 i Agradecimentos ..................................................................................................... 50 Referências Bibliográficas ..................................................................................... 50 Figuras ................................................................................................................... 57 CAPÍTULO 3: ARRUDA, J. O., THOMÉ, J. W., MALABARBA, L. R. Análise cladística de Omalonyx (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Succineidae) ....................................... Abstract .................................................................................................................. 81 Resumo .................................................................................................................. 81 Introdução .............................................................................................................. 82 Material e Métodos ................................................................................................ 83 Descrição dos caracteres e análise ......................................................................... 85 Caracteres não utilizados ....................................................................................... 94 Reconstrução filogenética ...................................................................................... 98 Discussão ............................................................................................................... 101 Agradecimentos ..................................................................................................... 102 Referências Bibliográficas .................................................................................... 103 Tabelas ................................................................................................................... 106 Anexos ................................................................................................................... 112 CONCLUSÕES GERAIS ............................................................................................... 118 ii DEDICATÓRIA Ao Luiz Augusto Ferreira Araújo pelo companheirismo, incentivo e amor Ao Professor Dr.Luiz Roberto Malabarba pelo ensinamentos, incentivo e dedicação Ao Professor Dr. José Willibaldo Thomé pelo exemplo, dedicação e confiança iii AGRADECIMENTOS A Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) pela bolsa de doutorado e pela bolsa sanduíche de quatro meses na Nova Zelândia. Meus sinceros agradecimentos aos meus orientadores Professor Thomé, Professor Malabarba e Gary Barker do Instituto Landcare da Nova Zelândia. Ao professor Thomé sua muito grata por ter me aceitado como estudante de mestrado e doutorado, pelos ensinamentos em taxonomia, sistemática, malacologia, pela confiança, apoio, críticas, discussões e demais conversas e ensinamentos que carregarei por toda a vida. Ao Mala, por ter aceitado um peixe fora d'água no seu aquário, pelos incentivos, comemorações a cada vitória, pelos animais coletados, ensinamentos filogenéticos, discussões e críticas. Ao Gary pelas discussões metodológicas e evolutivas, pelo conhecimento e trabalhos compartilhados, pelas novas metodologias testadas e por me ensinar a ver como podemos tirar informações de artigos. A Suzete, minha orientadora extra-oficial pelos constantes incentivos, amizade, apoio, pela companhia na expedição para coleta de lesmas na América do Sul, pelos artigos e conhecimentos compartilhados. A Malacological Society of London pelo auxílio financeiro que viabilizou a coleta de exemplares de Omalonyx na América do Sul, contribuindo significantemente para aumentar o número de exemplares da área de ocorrência do gênero para este estudo. Aos curadores e pesquisadores que emprestaram material para este estudo e pessoas que me receberam e auxiliaram na expedição de coleta de lesmas pela América do Sul: Virginie Héros do Muséum national d´Histoire naturalle (França); Matthias Glaubrecht do Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin (Alemanha); Karin Kronestedt do Swedish Museum of Natural History (Suécia); Urs Wüest do Naturhistorisches Museum Basel (Suíça); Jochen Gerber do Field Museum of Natural History (EUA); Fred Thompson e John Slapcinsky da Florida Museum of Natural History (EUA); David Robinson do United States Department of Agriculture (EUA); Jochen Gerber do Field Museum of Natural History (EUA); Rafael Martínez Escarbassiere, conhecido como El Guru iv (Venezuela); Maria Celeste e família (Venezuela); Paula Palito, Alejandro Sanchez e Carlos Lasso do Museo de Historia Natural La Salle (Venezuela); Margarita Fierro, Edgar Linares e Monica Vera (Colombia); Rina Ramírez e seus estudantes Pedro e Victor do Museo de Historia Natural Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Peru); Roger Taboada e demais pesquisadores do Centro de Investigación Agrícola Tropical (Bolívia); Michael Jegu e Yuuki Yonekura (Bolívia); Karina Osinaga do Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado (Bolívia); Alejandro Tablado do Museo Argentino de Ciências Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (Argentina); Gustavo Darrigran do Museo de La Plata (Argentina); Fabrizio Scarabino e Christian Clavijo do Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Montevideo (Uruguai); Célio Guimarães e Daniel Pimpão do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (Brasil); Cynthia Manso do Laboratório de Invertebrados Marinhos da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (Brasil); Norma Salgado do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil); Luiz Simone do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil); Fernanda Pires da Divisão de Programas Especiais da Superintendência de Controle de Epidemias em São Paulo (Brasil); Ingrid Heydrich do Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Ao instituto Landcare Research em Hamilton (Nova Zelândia) e seus pesquisadores, técnicos e funcionários que me receberam e auxiliaram em minha pesquisa, além de proporcionaram ótimos momentos de confraternização e convivência. Aos peixinhos (estudantes) do laboratório de Ictiologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul pelo acolhimento, conversas, discussões e confraternizações. Ao Fernando Jerep, Fernando Machado e Vinícius Bertaco pela contribuição com novos exemplares para a minha pesquisa. Um agradecimento especial a Júlia Giora pelas sugestões e críticas no estudo histológico e pelas produtivas conversas. A Andréa Tomáz e Renata pelo auxílio nas análises
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