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Ethnic Diversity in Politics and Public Life
BRIEFING PAPER CBP 01156, 22 October 2020 By Elise Uberoi and Ethnic diversity in politics Rebecca Lees and public life Contents: 1. Ethnicity in the United Kingdom 2. Parliament 3. The Government and Cabinet 4. Other elected bodies in the UK 5. Public sector organisations www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary 2 Ethnic diversity in politics and public life Contents Summary 3 1. Ethnicity in the United Kingdom 6 1.1 Categorising ethnicity 6 1.2 The population of the United Kingdom 7 2. Parliament 8 2.1 The House of Commons 8 Since the 1980s 9 Ethnic minority women in the House of Commons 13 2.2 The House of Lords 14 2.3 International comparisons 16 3. The Government and Cabinet 17 4. Other elected bodies in the UK 19 4.1 Devolved legislatures 19 4.2 Local government and the Greater London Authority 19 5. Public sector organisations 21 5.1 Armed forces 21 5.2 Civil Service 23 5.3 National Health Service 24 5.4 Police 26 5.4 Justice 27 5.5 Prison officers 28 5.6 Teachers 29 5.7 Fire and Rescue Service 30 5.8 Social workers 31 5.9 Ministerial and public appointments 33 Annex 1: Standard ethnic classifications used in the UK 34 Cover page image copyright UK Youth Parliament 2015 by UK Parliament. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0 / image cropped 3 Commons Library Briefing, 22 October 2020 Summary This report focuses on the proportion of people from ethnic minority backgrounds in a range of public positions across the UK. -
Making a Hasty Brexit? Ministerial Turnover and Its Implications
Making a Hasty Brexit? Ministerial Turnover and Its Implications Jessica R. Adolino, Ph. D. Professor of Political Science James Madison University Draft prepared for presentation at the European Studies Association Annual Meeting May 9-12, 2019, Denver, Colorado Please do not cite or distribute without author’s permission. By almost any measure, since the immediate aftermath of the June 16, 2016 Brexit referendum, the British government has been in a state of chaos. The turmoil began with then- Prime Minister David Cameron’s resignation on June 17 and succession by Theresa May within days of the vote. Subsequently, May’s decision to call a snap election in 2017 and the resulting loss of the Conservatives’ parliamentary majority cast doubt on her leadership and further stirred up dissension in her party’s ranks. Perhaps more telling, and the subject of this paper, is the unprecedented number of ministers1—from both senior and junior ranks—that quit the May government over Brexit-related policy disagreements2. Between June 12, 2017 and April 3, 2019, the government witnessed 45 resignations, with high-profile secretaries of state and departmental ministers stepping down to return to the backbenches. Of these, 34 members of her government, including 9 serving in the Cabinet, departed over issues with some aspect of Brexit, ranging from dissatisfaction with the Prime Minister’s Withdrawal Agreement, to disagreements about the proper role of Parliament, to questions about the legitimacy of the entire Brexit process. All told, Theresa May lost more ministers, and at a more rapid pace, than any other prime minister in modern times. -
BUS SERVICES (WALES) BILL Explanatory Memorandum
BUS SERVICES (WALES) BILL Explanatory Memorandum incorporating the Regulatory Impact Assessment and Explanatory Notes March 2020 Bus Services (Wales) Bill Explanatory Memorandum to Bus Services (Wales) Bill This Explanatory Memorandum has been prepared by Department of Economy, Skills and Natural Resources of the Welsh Government and is laid before the National Assembly for Wales. Member’s Declaration In my view the provisions of the Bus Services (Wales) Bill, introduced by me on the 16 March 2020, would be within the legislative competence of the National Assembly for Wales. Ken Skates AM Minister for Economy and Transport Assembly Member in charge of the Bill 16 March 2020 1 Contents page Part 1 – EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 1. Description 2. Legislative Competence 3. Purpose and intended effect of the legislation 4. Consultation 5. Power to make subordinate legislation PART 2 – REGULATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 6. Regulatory Impact Assessment summary 7. Options 8. Costs and benefits 9. Impact Assessments 10. Post implementation review ANNEX 1 – Explanatory Notes ANNEX 2 – Index of Standing Orders ANNEX 3 – Schedule of Amendments 2 PART 1 – EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 1. Chapter 1 – Description 1.1 The Bus Service (Wales) Bill will make changes to the legislative framework relating to the planning and delivery of local bus services in Wales. It will amend the existing legislative provision and provide local authorities with an improved range of tools to consider using when planning and delivering local bus services. The Bill will put in place new information sharing arrangements. 3 2. Chapter 2 – Legislative Competence 2.1 The National Assembly for Wales (‘the Assembly") has the legislative competence to make the provisions in the Bus Services (Wales) Bill (“the Bill”) pursuant to Part 4 of the Government of Wales Act 2006 ("GoWA 2006") as amended by the Wales Act 2017. -
THE 422 Mps WHO BACKED the MOTION Conservative 1. Bim
THE 422 MPs WHO BACKED THE MOTION Conservative 1. Bim Afolami 2. Peter Aldous 3. Edward Argar 4. Victoria Atkins 5. Harriett Baldwin 6. Steve Barclay 7. Henry Bellingham 8. Guto Bebb 9. Richard Benyon 10. Paul Beresford 11. Peter Bottomley 12. Andrew Bowie 13. Karen Bradley 14. Steve Brine 15. James Brokenshire 16. Robert Buckland 17. Alex Burghart 18. Alistair Burt 19. Alun Cairns 20. James Cartlidge 21. Alex Chalk 22. Jo Churchill 23. Greg Clark 24. Colin Clark 25. Ken Clarke 26. James Cleverly 27. Thérèse Coffey 28. Alberto Costa 29. Glyn Davies 30. Jonathan Djanogly 31. Leo Docherty 32. Oliver Dowden 33. David Duguid 34. Alan Duncan 35. Philip Dunne 36. Michael Ellis 37. Tobias Ellwood 38. Mark Field 39. Vicky Ford 40. Kevin Foster 41. Lucy Frazer 42. George Freeman 43. Mike Freer 44. Mark Garnier 45. David Gauke 46. Nick Gibb 47. John Glen 48. Robert Goodwill 49. Michael Gove 50. Luke Graham 51. Richard Graham 52. Bill Grant 53. Helen Grant 54. Damian Green 55. Justine Greening 56. Dominic Grieve 57. Sam Gyimah 58. Kirstene Hair 59. Luke Hall 60. Philip Hammond 61. Stephen Hammond 62. Matt Hancock 63. Richard Harrington 64. Simon Hart 65. Oliver Heald 66. Peter Heaton-Jones 67. Damian Hinds 68. Simon Hoare 69. George Hollingbery 70. Kevin Hollinrake 71. Nigel Huddleston 72. Jeremy Hunt 73. Nick Hurd 74. Alister Jack (Teller) 75. Margot James 76. Sajid Javid 77. Robert Jenrick 78. Jo Johnson 79. Andrew Jones 80. Gillian Keegan 81. Seema Kennedy 82. Stephen Kerr 83. Mark Lancaster 84. -
Her Majesty's Government and Her Official Opposition
Her Majesty’s Government and Her Official Opposition The Prime Minister and Leader of Her Majesty’s Official Opposition Rt Hon Boris Johnson MP || Leader of the Labour Party Jeremy Corbyn MP Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury (Chief Whip). He will attend Cabinet Rt Hon Mark Spencer MP remains || Nicholas Brown MP Treasurer of HM Household (Deputy Chief Whip) Stuart Andrew MP appointed Vice Chamberlain of HM Household (Government Whip) Marcus Jones MP appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer Rt Hon Rishi Sunak MP appointed || John McDonnell MP Chief Secretary to the Treasury - Cabinet Attendee Rt Hon Stephen Barclay appointed || Peter Dowd MP Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury Kemi Badenoch MP appointed Paymaster General in the Cabinet Office Rt Hon Penny Mordaunt MP appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and Minister for the Cabinet Office Rt Hon Michael Gove MP remains Minister of State in the Cabinet Office Chloe Smith MP appointed || Christian Matheson MP Secretary of State for the Home Department Rt Hon Priti Patel MP remains || Diane Abbott MP Minister of State in the Home Office Rt Hon James Brokenshire MP appointed Minister of State in the Home Office Kit Malthouse MP remains Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Home Office Chris Philp MP appointed Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, and First Secretary of State Rt Hon Dominic Raab MP remains || Emily Thornberry MP Minister of State in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Rt Hon James Cleverly MP appointed Minister of State in the Foreign -
Advanced Urban Transit Technologies Market Testing Final Report
Advanced Urban Transit Technologies – Worldwide Market Testing Report summarising the feedback received through the Market Testing March 2020 £69.6 Billion GVA A region packed with ambition and untapped potential In partnership with: Institute for Transport Studies Table of Contents 1. PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT ................................................................................................................................. 4 Who is undertaking the Market Testing? .................................................................................................................. 5 What Happens Next? ................................................................................................................................................ 5 2. BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT ........................................................................................................................... 6 This report ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 3. SUMMARY OF KEY MESSAGES ........................................................................................................................... 8 4. FEEDBACK ON DISCUSSION AREA 1A ................................................................................................................12 Illustrative Quotes from Respondents ..................................................................................................................... 12 Points raised -
The Road to Zero Next Steps Towards Cleaner Road Transport and Delivering Our Industrial Strategy
The Road to Zero Next steps towards cleaner road transport and delivering our Industrial Strategy July 2018 The Road to Zero Next steps towards cleaner road transport and delivering our Industrial Strategy The Government has actively considered the needs of blind and partially sighted people in accessing this document. The text will be made available in full on the Government’s website. The text may be freely downloaded and translated by individuals or organisations for conversion into other accessible formats. If you have other needs in this regard please contact the Department. Department for Transport Great Minster House 33 Horseferry Road London SW1P 4DR Telephone 0300 330 3000 General enquiries https://forms.dft.gov.uk Website www.gov.uk/dft © Crown copyright, 2018, except where otherwise stated. Printed in July 2018. Copyright in the typographical arrangement rests with the Crown. You may re-use this information (not including logos or third-party material) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence v2.0. To view this licence, visit http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence Where we have identified any third-party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Contents Foreword 1 Policies at a glance 2 Executive Summary 7 Part 1: Drivers of change 21 Part 2: Vehicle Supply and Demand 33 Part 2a: Reducing emissions from vehicles already on our roads 34 Part 2b: Driving uptake of the cleanest new cars and vans 42 Part 2c: -
Members of the House of Commons December 2019 Diane ABBOTT MP
Members of the House of Commons December 2019 A Labour Conservative Diane ABBOTT MP Adam AFRIYIE MP Hackney North and Stoke Windsor Newington Labour Conservative Debbie ABRAHAMS MP Imran AHMAD-KHAN Oldham East and MP Saddleworth Wakefield Conservative Conservative Nigel ADAMS MP Nickie AIKEN MP Selby and Ainsty Cities of London and Westminster Conservative Conservative Bim AFOLAMI MP Peter ALDOUS MP Hitchin and Harpenden Waveney A Labour Labour Rushanara ALI MP Mike AMESBURY MP Bethnal Green and Bow Weaver Vale Labour Conservative Tahir ALI MP Sir David AMESS MP Birmingham, Hall Green Southend West Conservative Labour Lucy ALLAN MP Fleur ANDERSON MP Telford Putney Labour Conservative Dr Rosena ALLIN-KHAN Lee ANDERSON MP MP Ashfield Tooting Members of the House of Commons December 2019 A Conservative Conservative Stuart ANDERSON MP Edward ARGAR MP Wolverhampton South Charnwood West Conservative Labour Stuart ANDREW MP Jonathan ASHWORTH Pudsey MP Leicester South Conservative Conservative Caroline ANSELL MP Sarah ATHERTON MP Eastbourne Wrexham Labour Conservative Tonia ANTONIAZZI MP Victoria ATKINS MP Gower Louth and Horncastle B Conservative Conservative Gareth BACON MP Siobhan BAILLIE MP Orpington Stroud Conservative Conservative Richard BACON MP Duncan BAKER MP South Norfolk North Norfolk Conservative Conservative Kemi BADENOCH MP Steve BAKER MP Saffron Walden Wycombe Conservative Conservative Shaun BAILEY MP Harriett BALDWIN MP West Bromwich West West Worcestershire Members of the House of Commons December 2019 B Conservative Conservative -
Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
Monday Volume 644 2 July 2018 No. 163 HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD) Monday 2 July 2018 © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2018 This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Parliament licence, which is published at www.parliament.uk/site-information/copyright/. HER MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT MEMBERS OF THE CABINET (FORMED BY THE RT HON. THERESA MAY, MP, JUNE 2017) PRIME MINISTER,FIRST LORD OF THE TREASURY AND MINISTER FOR THE CIVIL SERVICE—The Rt Hon. Theresa May, MP CHANCELLOR OF THE DUCHY OF LANCASTER AND MINISTER FOR THE CABINET OFFICE —The Rt Hon. David Lidington, MP CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER—The Rt Hon. Philip Hammond, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT—The Rt Hon. Sajid Javid, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH AFFAIRS—The Rt Hon. Boris Johnson, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR EXITING THE EUROPEAN UNION—The Rt Hon. David Davis, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR DEFENCE—The Rt Hon. Gavin Williamson, MP LORD CHANCELLOR AND SECRETARY OF STATE FOR JUSTICE—The Rt Hon. David Gauke, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE—The Rt Hon. Jeremy Hunt, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR BUSINESS,ENERGY AND INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY—The Rt Hon. Greg Clark, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR HOUSING,COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT—The Rt Hon. James Brokenshire, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF TRADE—The Rt Hon. Liam Fox, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR EDUCATION—The Rt Hon. Damian Hinds, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR ENVIRONMENT,FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS—The Rt Hon. -
Chair to Lord Callanan
House of Lords Tel: 020 7219 1228 London [email protected] Select Committee on the Constitution SW1A 0PW www.parliament.uk/lords Rt. Hon Robert Buckland QC MP 11 September 2020 Lord Chancellor Ministry of Justice 102 Petty France London SW1H 9AJ Dear Lord Chancellor, Rule of law and the UK Internal Market Bill I write on behalf of the Constitution Committee regarding our concerns about the rule of law implications of the UK Internal Market Bill. The Bill proposes ministerial powers to allow the Government to depart from the terms of the Withdrawal Agreement with the European Union. As the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland confirmed in the House of Commons, it permits the Government to break international law. Whether that breach is “specific and limited” or not is irrelevant. Any breach of international law threatens to undermine confidence in future treaty commitments made by the UK Government and increases the likelihood that the governments of other countries will breach their international law obligations. Those practical consequences are of great significance. The proposed course of action also appears to be in tension with the constitutional principle of the rule of law and we write to you in that connection. Established international law on treaty modification, termination and withdrawal is clear. The UK is a party to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, which although applicable for treaties between states, nevertheless outlines several core rules that are broadly considered to reflect customary international law. Articles 61 and 62 of the Vienna Convention set out the narrow grounds on which states may be entitled to exercise a right of withdrawal from a treaty, in each case subject to the procedural requirements set out in Articles 65–68. -
The Public Service Vehicles (Open Data) (England) Regulations 2020 No
Draft Legislation: This is a draft item of legislation. This draft has since been made as a UK Statutory Instrument: The Public Service Vehicles (Open Data) (England) Regulations 2020 No. 749 Draft Regulations laid before Parliament under section 160(2A) of the Transport Act 2000, for approval by resolution of each House of Parliament. DRAFT STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS 2020 No.0000 PUBLIC PASSENGER TRANSPORT, ENGLAND The Public Service Vehicles (Open Data) (England) Regulations 2020 Made - - - - 2020 Coming into force in accordance with regulation 1 The Secretary of State, in exercise of the powers conferred by section 141A of the Transport Act 2000(1), makes the following Regulations. The Secretary of State has, in accordance with section 141A(10) of the Transport Act 2000, consulted such persons and organisations appearing to him to represent the interests of operators and users of relevant local services, such persons and organisations appearing to him to represent the interests of local transport authorities whose areas are in England, and such other persons and organisations as he considered appropriate. A draft of this instrument has been laid before, and approved by a resolution of, each House of Parliament pursuant to section 160(2A) of the Transport Act 2000(2). Citation and commencement 1.—(1) These Regulations may be cited as the Public Service Vehicles (Open Data) (England) Regulations 2020. (2) These Regulations come into force twenty-one days after the day on which they are made. Interpretation 2.—(1) In these Regulations— “the 1986 Regulations” means the Public Service Vehicles (Registration of Local Services) Regulations 1986(3); (1) 2000 c.38. -
Delivering Change Improving Urban Bus Services
Delivering change Improving urban bus services Simon Jeffrey November 2019 About Centre for Cities Centre for Cities is a research and policy institute, dedicated to improving the economic success of UK cities. We are a charity that works with cities, business and Whitehall to develop and implement policy that supports the performance of urban economies. We do this through impartial research and knowledge exchange. For more information, please visit www.centreforcities.org/about Partnerships Centre for Cities is always keen to work in partnership with like-minded organisations who share our commitment to helping cities to thrive, and supporting policy makers to achieve that aim. As a registered charity (no. 1119841) we rely on external support to deliver our programme of quality research and events. To find out more please visit: www.centreforcities.org/about/partnerships About the author Simon Jeffrey is a policy officer at Centre for Cities: [email protected] | 020 7803 4321 About the sponsor This report was supported by Abellio, Metroline and Tower Transit. Delivering change • Improving urban bus services • November 2019 00 Executive summary Buses are critical urban infrastructure. They not only provide access to jobs for workers without a car, but they offer the mass-transit capacity that make jobs-dense, high-wage city centre economies possible. In so doing they take cars off of the road, and reduce greenhouse gases, nitrogen dioxides and fine particulate matter from tyres and brakes. Bus services link people to friends and family, young people to education, shoppers to high streets and communities to the public services — from GPs’ surgeries to libraries — that they need.