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Maryland Historical Magazine in This Issue Fall 2011 M A R Y L A N D Maryland Historical Magazine Magazine Maryland Historical In this issue . Historical Magazine “Te Reputation of Justice”: Henry Smith and the Practice of Authority in the Early Colonial Chesapeake by Robin C. Sager Te Lynching of Howard Cooper by Alexander Ormond Boulton Te Study of Slavery at the Johns Hopkins University, 1889–1914 by John David Smith Research Notes & Maryland Miscellany A Closer Look at the “Last Appearance” of the Conoy Indians by Dennis C. Curry Te Visual Rhetoric of Monuments and Memorials in the Baltimore Area: An Interdisciplinary High School Research Project by Harry J. Cook and Dustin Meeker Unearthing Maryland’s Civil War History at the National Archives by Jonathan W. White Vol. 106, No.3, Fall 2011 Fall 106, No.3, Vol. Te Journal of the Maryland Historical Society Friends of the Press of the Maryland Historical Society The Maryland Historical Society (MdHS) is committed to publishing the fnest new work on Maryland history. In late 2005, the Publications Committee, with the advice and support of the development staf, launched the Friends of the Press, an efort dedicated to raising money used solely for bringing new titles into print. Response has been enthusiastic and generous and we thank you. Our next major project (working title: A Photographic History of Maryland in the Civil War) is planned for spring 2012. Ross Kelbaugh, veteran collector and interpreter, has assembled the largest private collection of Maryland Civil War photographs and related material in the state, many of which will be published here for the frst time. Betsy Bonaparte, fourth of the Friends of the Press titles, is selling well, continuing the Maryland Historical Society’s long tradition of bringing forth the best new Maryland history. Your support has allowed us to publish Combat Correspondents: Baltimore Sun Correspondents in World War II and Chesapeake Ferries: A Waterborne Tradition, 1632–2000, welcome complements to the Maryland Historical Society’s fne list of publications. Additional stories await your support. We invite you to become a supporter, to follow the path frst laid out with the society’s founding in 1844. Help us fll in the unknown pages of Maryland’s past for future generations. Become, quite literally, an important part of Maryland history. If you would like to make a tax-deductible gif to the Friends of the Press, please direct your gif to Development, Maryland Historical Society, 201 W. Monument Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201. For additional information on MdHS publications, contact Patricia Dockman Anderson, Editor, 410-685-3750 x317, or [email protected]. Maryland Historical Society Founded 1844 Ofcers Robert R. Neall, Chairman Louise Lake Hayman, Vice President Alex. G. Fisher, Vice Chairman Frederick M. Hudson, Vice President Burton K. Kummerow, President Jayne H. Plank, Vice President James W. Constable, Secretary Lynn Springer Roberts, Vice President Cecil E. Flamer, Treasurer Richard C. Tilghman Jr., Vice President Sandra R. Flax, Vice President Board of Trustees H. Clay Braswell Jr. George S. Malouf Jr. Chairmen Emeriti Francis J. Carey Cleveland D. Miller Jack S. Griswold Robert M. Cheston Jr. Joseph E. Moore Barbara P. Katz Virginia Clagget Brian Pofenberger Stanard T. Klinefelter Tomas A. Collier George S. Rich Henry Hodges Stansbury Louis G. Hecht David P. Schefenacker Jr. Presidents Emeriti H. Tomas Howell Jacqueline Smelkinson John L. McShane M. Willis Macgill Brian B. Topping Ex-Ofcio Trustees Te Hon. John P. Sarbanes Te Hon. David R. Craig Te Hon. Stephanie Rawlings-Blake, Representative: William B. Gilmore II Allender Sybert Kevin Kamenetz Te Maryland Historical Magazine Patricia Dockman Anderson, Editor Matthew Hetrick, Associate Editor Christopher T. George, Donna B. Shear, Robert W. Barnes, Jennifer A. Ferretti, Editorial Associates Editorial Board H. Tomas Howell, Chair Jean H. Baker; James H. Bready; Robert J. Brugger; Deborah Cardin; Lois Green Carr; Suzanne E. Chapelle; Marilyn Davis; Toby L. Ditz; Jack G. Goellner; Norvell E. Miller III; Charles W. Mitchell; Edward C. Papenfuse; Jean B. Russo; James F. Schneider; David S. Taler; Bertram Wyatt-Brown Members Emeriti David G. Fogel The Maryland Historical Magazine welcomes submissions from authors and letters to the editor. Letters may be edited for space and clarity. All articles will be acknowledged, but only those accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope will be returned. Submissions should be printed or typed manuscript. Address Editor, Maryland Historical Magazine, 201 West Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201. Include name, address, and daytime telephone number. Once accepted, articles should be on CDS (MS Word or PC convertible format), or may be emailed to [email protected]. The guidelines for contributors are available on our website at www.mdhs.org. ISSN 0025-4258 © 2011 by the Maryland Historical Society. Published quarterly as a beneft of membership in the Maryland Historical Society, spring, summer, fall, and winter. Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and/or America: History and Life. Periodicals postage paid at Baltimore, Maryland, and at additional mailing offces. Postmaster: Please send address changes to the Maryland Historical Society, 201 West Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. Printed by The Sheridan Press, Hanover, Pennsylvania 17331. M A R Y L A N D Historical Magazine VOLUME 106, NO. 3 (Fall 2011) CONTENTS “Te Reputation of Justice”: Henry Smith and the Practice of Authority in the Early Colonial Chesapeake ............................................................................................ 279 ROBIN C. SAGER Te Lynching of Howard Cooper ..............................................................................................293 ALEXANDER ORMOND BOULTON Te Study of Slavery at the Johns Hopkins University, 1889–1914 ........................................316 JOHN DAVID SMITH Research Notes & Maryland Miscellany ..................................................................................345 A Closer Look at the “Last Appearance” of the Conoy Indians by Dennis C. Curry Te Visual Rhetoric of Monuments and Memorials in the Baltimore Area: An Interdisciplinary High School Research Project by Harry J. Cook and Dustin Meeker Unearthing Maryland’s Civil War History at the National Archives by Jonathan W. White Book Reviews ..............................................................................................................................246 Meacham, Every Home a Distillery: Alcohol, Gender, and Technology in the Colonial Chesapeake, by Kimberly Nath Herndon and Murray, eds., Children Bound to Labor: Te Pauper Apprentice System in Early America, by Michelle M. Mormul Smith-Rosenberg, Tis Violent Empire: Te Birth of an American National Identity, by Stephanie E. Koscak Ridner, A Town In-Between: Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and the Early Mid-Atlantic Interior, by Bryan Rindfeisch Miles, Te House on Diamond Hill: A Cherokee Plantation Story, by F. Evan Nooe Moats, Celebrating the Republic: Presidential Ceremony and Popular Sovereignty, from Washington to Monroe, by Kevin Barry Shomette, Flotilla: Te Patuxent Naval Campaign in the War of 1812, by John D. Barnard Busch, Steam Cofn: Captain Moses Rogers and the Steamship Savannah Break the Barrier, by Jamin Wells Shalhope, Te Baltimore Bank Riot: Political Upheaval in Antebellum Maryland, by Richard S. Chew Brooke, Columbia Rising: Civil Life on the Upper Hudson from the Revolution to the Age of Jackson, by Jonathan Barth Harrold, Border War: Fighting over Slavery before the Civil War, by Tomas H. Sheeler Masur, An Example for All the Land: Emancipation and the Struggle over Equality in Washington, D.C., by Christopher H. Bouton Sicherman, Well-Read Lives: How Reading Inspired a Generation of American Women, by Ashley Moreshead Lewis, Prescription for Heterosexuality: Sexual Citizenship in the Cold War Era, by Rebecca L. Davis Dennis, Te New Economy and the Modern South, by John H. Barnhill Elfenbein, Hollowak, and Nix, eds., Baltimore ’68: Riots and Rebirth in an American City, by Damon Talbot Cover: Martha Ann “Patty” Atavis (c.1816–1874), c.1840–1850. Above: Patty Atavis with Alice Lee Whitridge. Tintype c.1856. (Maryland Historical Society.) Editor’s Notebook Tose who work in historical societies are surrounded by pieces of the past and walk daily through exhibitions and displays to meeting rooms and ofces, ofen pre- occupied with administrative demands. We scribble mental reminders to learn more about the people whose legacies rest beneath our roofs but the escalating pace and distractions of twenty-frst century life leave many questions unanswered. Yet every decade or so an extraordinarily rare and provocative fragment of Maryland history is entrusted to our care, prompting discussion, speculation, and immediate research. Such is the case with the haunting photographs of Martha Ann “Patty” Atavis. Born a slave c. 1816, “Patty” belonged to William McCubbin at the time of his death in 1839. His widow Ruth then sold her for $200 to John Whitridge, a successful Baltimore physician, with whom she may have lived and worked for the remainder of her life. Te cover photograph is one of two images of this intriguing woman. Te other, a tintype taken c. 1856, shows Patty with young Alice Lee Whitridge on her lap. Additional documents including her bill of sale and an 1851 draf of John Whitridge’s will, plus her burial in the family lot at Greenmount
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