DOCSLIB.ORG

The Development of Fiddler Crabs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Development of Fiddler Crabs W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2018 The Development of Fiddler Crabs (Uca Spp.) as a Comparative Model System for the Parasitic Dinoflagellate, Hematodinium Perezi and its Natural Host the Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Patricia Anne O'Leary College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Parasitology Commons Recommended Citation O'Leary, Patricia Anne, "The Development of Fiddler Crabs (Uca Spp.) as a Comparative Model System for the Parasitic Dinoflagellate, Hematodinium Perezi and its Natural Host the Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus" (2018). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1550153657. http://dx.doi.org/10.25773/v5-pf1h-gs14 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Development of Fiddler Crabs (Uca spp.) as a Comparative Model System for the Parasitic Dinoflagellate, Hematodinium perezi, and its Natural Host the Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus. A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the School of Marine Science The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Patricia Anne O’Leary August 2018 APPROVAL PAGE This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Patricia Anne O’Leary Approved by the Committee, August 2018 Jeffrey D. Shields, Ph.D. Committee Chair / Advisor Hamish J. Small, Ph.D. Ryan B. Carnegie, Ph.D. Kurt Williamson, Ph.D. Spencer J. Greenwood, Ph.D. University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown, PE, Canada My dissertation work is dedicated to my family, who taught me with hard work anything is possible. It is dedicated to my academic mentors, who both guided and challenged me, giving me the skills that I needed to succeed. I also dedicate this dissertation to Seacamp for their exemplary work sharing marine science with thousands of children, creating the world stewards of tomorrow. Lastly, I dedicate this work in loving memory of my dad, John F. O’Leary, and friend Dana Capobianco. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................. iv LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... vii INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 2 LITERATURE CITED ....................................................................................... 15 CHAPTER 1. Development of fiddler crabs (Uca spp.) as a model laboratory host for Hematodinium perezi infections .......................................... 19 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... 19 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 20 MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................................................... 23 RESULTS ......................................................................................................... 28 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................... 32 LITERATURE CITED ....................................................................................... 36 TABLES ............................................................................................................................................................... 40 FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................................ 41 CHAPTER 2. The ecotone as an ecological barrier to infection by Hematodinium perezi (Dinoflagellata) in the fiddler crab Uca pugnax .................................................................................................................................................................. 47 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... 47 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 48 MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................................................... 51 RESULTS ......................................................................................................... 57 DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................................................. 64 LITERATURE CITED ....................................................................................... 70 FIGURES ......................................................................................................... 73 TABLES ............................................................................................................ 82 CHAPTER 3. The effect of temperature on the parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium perezi, in experimentally infected fiddler crabs, Uca minax ................................................................................... 85 ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................................... 85 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 86 MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................................................... 90 RESULTS ......................................................................................................... 98 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................... 102 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................................................. 106 FIGURES ......................................................................................................... 109 TABLES ............................................................................................................ 121 APPENDIX ....................................................................................................... 124 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................... 125 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................................................. 133 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My academic advisor, Dr. Jeffrey Shields, merits several accolades. He is extremely knowledgeable and his passion for parasitology is infectious. I benefitted from his strong skill sets as a writer, researcher, and critical thinker. Jeff also showed patience as I learned to master different skills. Our group manuscript review sessions and weekly lab meetings were of great assistance to me as a young researcher. I would like to thank my committee members for their support and involvement. Throughout my PhD, Dr. Hamish Small has been a strong role model, setting the gold standard through his integrity, humor, and dedication. Dr. Ryan Carnegie frequently asked insightful questions to spur my research forward. Dr. Spencer Greenwood was quick to respond to all questions and was a knowledgeable addition to my committee. Dr. Kurt Williamson coordinated my Transmission Electron Microscopy training at William & Mary with Dr. Abby Reft. I would like to thank the post docs that I have worked with, Dr. Tom Dolan, Dr. Zhengfeng (Jason) Ding, Dr. Juan Pablo Huchin-Mian, and Dr. Maya Groner for allowing me to be engaged in their projects and assisting with my research.The laboratory specialists in the Shields’ lab have all been amazing. A special thanks to Kersten Wheeler, Shelley Katsuki, Dana Kinney, and Brittnee Barris. A debt of gratitude to Patrice Mason, Wolfgang Vogelbein, and Abby Reft for their assistance in my Transmission Electron Microscopy training and sharing their laboratory space. I would like to thank my undergraduate advisor, Dr. Charles Gowan, and せんせい Dr. Todd Munson for their advice and encouragement throughout my student career. ありがとうございます. I would also like to thank Dr. Sophie George and Dr. Oscar Pung for their mentorship throughout my master's. A heartfelt thanks to the teachers at Peasley Middle School, Mrs. Stephanie Sowers, Mrs. Samantha Berry, Ms. Sharlene Rollins, and Mrs. Judy Gwartney. I greatly benefitted from my time in their classrooms, working with these amazing and talented educators. An additional thanks to my teaching supervisors both at Peasley and at W&M, Carol Hopper-Brill, Vicki Clark, Dr. Elizabeth Canuel, and Dr. Heather Macdonald. I would also like to thank my own teachers as a young student, especially Mrs. Joanne Failey who taught me that it was OK to make a mistake and Mrs. Claire Butera who fostered my love of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Parasitic Dinoflagellate Hematodinium Perezi Prevalence in Larval and Juvenile Blue Crabs Callinectes Sapidus from Coastal Bays of Virginia
    W&M ScholarWorks VIMS Articles Virginia Institute of Marine Science 6-6-2019 Parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium perezi prevalence in larval and juvenile blue crabs Callinectes sapidus from coastal bays of Virginia HJ Small Virginia Institute of Marine Science JP Huchin-Mian Virginia Institute of Marine Science KS Reece Virginia Institute of Marine Science KM Pagenkopp Lohan MJ Butler IV See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Parasitology Commons Recommended Citation Small, HJ; Huchin-Mian, JP; Reece, KS; Pagenkopp Lohan, KM; Butler, MJ IV; and Shields, JD, Parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium perezi prevalence in larval and juvenile blue crabs Callinectes sapidus from coastal bays of Virginia (2019). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 134, 215-222. 10.3354/dao03371 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in VIMS Articles by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors HJ Small, JP Huchin-Mian, KS Reece, KM Pagenkopp Lohan, MJ Butler IV, and JD Shields This article is available at W&M ScholarWorks: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles/1428 Vol. 134: 215–222, 2019 DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published online June 6 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03371 Dis Aquat Org OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium perezi prevalence in larval and juvenile blue crabs Callinectes sapidus from coastal bays of Virginia H. J. Small1,*, J. P. Huchin-Mian1,3, K.
    [Show full text]
  • Barnegat Bay— Year 2
    Plan 9: Research Barnegat Bay— Benthic Invertebrate Community Monitoring & Year 2 Indicator Development for the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary - Barnegat Bay Diatom Nutrient Inference Model Hard Clams as Indicators of Suspended Ecological Evaluation of Particulates in Barnegat Bay Sedge Island Marine Assessment of Fishes & Crabs Responses to Conservation Zone Human Alteration of Barnegat Bay Assessment of Stinging Sea Nettles (Jellyfishes) in Barnegat Bay Baseline Characterization Dr. Paul Jivoff, Rider University, Principal Investigator of Phytoplankton and Harmful Algal Blooms Project Manager: Joe Bilinski, Division of Science, Research and Environmental Health Baseline Characterization of Zooplankton in Barnegat Bay Thomas Belton, Barnegat Bay Research Coordinator Dr. Gary Buchanan, Director—Division of Science, Research & Environmental Health Multi-Trophic Level Modeling of Barnegat Bob Martin, Commissioner, NJDEP Bay Chris Christie, Governor Tidal Freshwater & Salt Marsh Wetland Studies of Changing Ecological Function & Adaptation Strategies 29 August 2014 Final Report Project Title: Ecological Evaluation of Sedge Island Marine Conservation Area in Barnegat Bay Dr. Paul Jivoff, Rider University, Manager [email protected] Joseph Bilinski, NJDEP Project Manager [email protected] Tom Belton, NJDEP Research Coordinator [email protected] Marc Ferko, NJDEP Quality Assurance Officer [email protected] Acknowledgements I would like to thank the Rutgers University Marine Field Station for providing equipment, facilities and logistical support that were vital to completing this project. I also thank Rider University students (Jade Kels, Julie McCarthy, Laura Moritzen, Amanda Young, Frank Pandolfo, Amber Barton, Pilar Ferdinando and Chelsea Tighe) who provided critical assistance in the field and laboratory. The Sedge Island Natural Resource Education Center provided key logistical support for this project.
    [Show full text]
  • Dieta Natural Do Siri-Azul Callinectes Sapidus (Decapoda, Portunidae) Na Região
    Dieta natural do siri-azul Callinectes sapidus (Decapoda, Portunidae) na região... 305 Dieta natural do siri-azul Callinectes sapidus (Decapoda, Portunidae) na região estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Alexandre Oliveira, Taciana K. Pinto, Débora P. D. Santos & Fernando D’Incao Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Caixa Postal 474, 96201-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brasil. ([email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]) ABSTRACT. Natural diet of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Decapoda, Portunidae) in the Patos Lagoon estuary area, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Southern Brazil blue crab Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1869 is the most abundant crab of the genus Callinectes in Patos Lagoon estuary. Although this species is widely distributed throughout the Patos Lagoon estuary area, there is little information about its natural diet. This species is an important predator and has a significant influence on its prey populations. The aim of this study was to check the natural diet of blue crab through the foregut contents analysis. Crabs were collected using an otter trawl net from March 2003 to March 2004. After collected, crabs were preserved immediately in 10% formaldehyde. The carapace width, weight and sex were measured for each individual. The foregut of each crab was removed and stored in 70% ethanol. Blue crab feeds on a wide variety of sessile and slow moving invertebrates. The main item was Detritus, followed by the suspension-feeder mollusk Erodona mactroides Bosc, 1802 (Erodonidae). Sand grains and the small crustaceans of class Ostracoda, were an important component of the foregut contents, but sand grains were not considered food.
    [Show full text]
  • Diet, Feeding Habits, and Predator Size/Prey Size Relationships of Red Drum (Sciaenops Ocellatus) in Galveston Bay, Texas
    Diet, Feeding Habits, and Predator Size/Prey Size Relationships of Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) in Galveston Bay, Texas 233 Kurtis K. Schlicht Conservation Scientist II Texas Parks and Wildlife, Coastal Fisheries Division Seabrook Marine Laboratory B.S. Degree in Biology from Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas. Previous work includes Biologist Assistant for six years with Houston Lighting and Power's Environmental Division. Currently working as a Conservation Scientist II in the Coastal Fisheries Division of the Texas Parks and Wildlife, Seabrook Marine Laboratory. (281) 474-2811. 234 Feeding Habits of Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) in Galveston Bay, Texas: Seasonal Diet Variation and Predator-Prey Size Relationships Frederick S. Scharf and Kurtis K. Schlicht Texas Parks and Wildlife, Coastal Fisheries Division, Seabrook Marine Laboratory, P.O. Box 8, Seabrook, TX 77586 Introduction The effect of predaceous fishes on the composition of aquatic ecosystems can be significant. Mortality induced by predation can reduce prey abundances locally and may limit prey recruitment in some systems. In order to begin to quantify the potential effects offish predation on community structure and prey populations, detailed information is needed on the feeding habits of important predators. The red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) is an abundant estuarine-dependent fish that is widely distributed throughout the Gulf of Mexico. Adults spawn in near shore Gulf waters close to the mouths of passes and inlets during late summer and early fall. Larvae are transported through passes into estuaries via tidal currents, where they settle in shallow nursery areas and remain through the juvenile stage. Although older red drum may migrate to offshore waters during fall and winter, fish at least as old as age four commonly occur in Gulf of Mexico estuaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Physiological and Biochemical Responses to Hypoxia in the Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, the Lesser Blue Crab, Callinec
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1993 Physiological and Biochemical Responses to Hypoxia in the Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, the Lesser Blue Crab, Callinectes Similis Williams, and the Southern Oyster Drill, Stramonita Haemastoma Linnaeus. Tapash Das Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Das, Tapash, "Physiological and Biochemical Responses to Hypoxia in the Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, the Lesser Blue Crab, Callinectes Similis Williams, and the Southern Oyster Drill, Stramonita Haemastoma Linnaeus." (1993). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 5625. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/5625 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT Dinoflagellate Parasites in the Hematodinium Genus Have
    ABSTRACT Title of Document: DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION AND APPLICATION OF A QUANTITATIVE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ASSAY TO ASSESS ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES FOR HEMATODINIUM PEREZI PREVALENCE Ammar W. Hanif, MS, 2012 Directed By: Assistant Professor Eric J. Schott, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center of Environmental Science Associate Professor Rosemary Jagus, Co- advisor, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center of Environmental Science Dinoflagellate parasites in the Hematodinium genus have emerged as important pathogens of economically important crustaceans worldwide, causing significant economic losses to fisheries and aquaculture. An understanding of the routes of infection in blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) populations would be facilitated by an improved knowledge of environmental reservoirs. A previously used PCR assay, based on small subunit rRNA sequences, lacked the specificity needed for Hematodinium perezi detection of environmental samples. Therefore a quantitative PCR assay based on the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of H. perezi rRNA genes was developed, validated, and applied to examine temporal and spatial incidences of environmental reservoirs in Delmarva coastal bays. H. perezi was detected in sediment and water in several Delmarva coastal bays, as well as the host, C. sapidus. Results suggest the existence of localized sediment reservoirs in areas where hydrological and geophysical features allow for the formation of cell deposits. DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION, AND APPLICATION OF A QUANTITATIVE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ASSAY TO ASSESS HEMATODINIUM PEREZI PREVALENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES By Ammar W. Hanif Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science 2012 Advisory committee: Professor Eric J.
    [Show full text]
  • 11 Shields FISH 98(1)
    139 Abstract.–On the eastern seaboard of Mortality and hematology of blue crabs, the United States, populations of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, experi- Callinectes sapidus, experimentally infected ence recurring outbreaks of a parasitic dinoflagellate, Hematodinium perezi. with the parasitic dinoflagellate Epizootics fulminate in summer and autumn causing mortalities in high- Hematodinium perezi* salinity embayments and estuaries. In laboratory studies, we experimentally investigated host mortality due to the Jeffrey D. Shields disease, assessed differential hemato- Christopher M. Squyars logical changes in infected crabs, and Department of Environmental Sciences examined proliferation of the parasite. Virginia Institute of Marine Science Mature, overwintering, nonovigerous The College of William and Mary female crabs were injected with 103 or P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23602, USA 105 cells of H. perezi. Mortalities began E-mail address (for J. D. Shields): [email protected] 14 d after infection, with a median time to death of 30.3 ±1.5 d (SE). Sub- sequent mortality rates were greater than 86% in infected crabs. A relative risk model indicated that infected crabs were seven to eight times more likely to Hematodinium perezi is a parasitic larger, riverine (“bayside”) fishery; die than controls and that decreases in total hemocyte densities covaried signif- dinoflagellate that proliferates in it appears most detrimental to the icantly with mortality. Hemocyte densi- the hemolymph of several crab spe- coastal (“seaside”) crab fisheries. ties declined precipitously (mean=48%) cies. In the blue crab, Callinectes Outbreaks of infestation by Hema- within 3 d of infection and exhibited sapidus, H. perezi is highly patho- todinium spp.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Impact of Diseases on Crab and Lobster Fisheries
    A Review Of The Impact Of Diseases On Crab And Lobster Fisheries Jeffrey D. Shields Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 Abstract Diseases are a natural component of crustacean populations. Background levels of various agents are expected in fished populations, and there is good reason to establish baseline levels of pathogens in exploited fisheries before they become a problem. Such baselines are often difficult to fund or publish; nonetheless, outbreaks are an integral feature of heavily exploited populations. Mortalities or other problems can arise when an outbreak occurs, and all too often the underlying causes of an outbreak are poorly understood. A variety of stressors can lead to outbreaks of disease or contribute to their severity. Pollution, poor water quality, hypoxia, temperature extremes, overexploitation have all been implicated in various outbreaks. This review focuses on epidemic diseases of commercially important crabs and lobsters as well as a few examples of other disease issues in crustaceans that are ecologically important, but not of commercial significance. Key words: pathogens, crustaceans, mortality, Carcinonemertes, PaV1, overfishing, Rhizo- cephala, Paramoeba Introduction Pathogens cause direct and indirect losses to fish were thought to contain presumptive crustacean fisheries. Direct losses are obvi- toxins (Magnien 2001). At the time, the ous, resulting in morbidity or mortality to scare threatened the commercial fishing in- the fished species, but they can be difficult dustry of Chesapeake Bay because consum- to assess. However, mortality events can be ers did not purchase fish from the region. widespread and can even damage the socio- economics of impacted fishing communities, Direct losses are most visible to the fishery such as the lobster mortality event in Long because the outcome is usually morbidity or Island Sound during 1999 (Pearce and mortality to the targeted component of the Balcom 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence of Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus) Diseases, Parasites, And
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2014 Prevalence of Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus) Diseases, Parasites, and Symbionts in Louisiana Holly Rogers Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Rogers, Holly, "Prevalence of Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus) Diseases, Parasites, and Symbionts in Louisiana" (2014). LSU Master's Theses. 3071. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/3071 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PREVALENCE OF BLUE CRAB (CALLINECTES SAPIDUS) DISEASES, PARASITES, AND SYMBIONTS IN LOUISIANA A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in The School of Renewable Natural Resources by Holly A. Rogers B.S., University of Cincinnati, 2011 August 2014 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my major professor, Dr. Julie Anderson, for selecting me for this assistantship and research project and for teaching more than I ever wanted to know about blue crabs. I would also like to thank Dr. Bill Kelso for his advice and instruction, particularly on scientific writing. I owe thanks to Dr. John Hawke for his guidance on crab and aquatic diseases and Dr. Sabrina Taylor for her helpful PCR advice.
    [Show full text]
  • Shrimps, Lobsters, and Crabs of the Atlantic Coast of the Eastern United States, Maine to Florida
    SHRIMPS, LOBSTERS, AND CRABS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST OF THE EASTERN UNITED STATES, MAINE TO FLORIDA AUSTIN B.WILLIAMS SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS Washington, D.C. 1984 © 1984 Smithsonian Institution. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Williams, Austin B. Shrimps, lobsters, and crabs of the Atlantic coast of the Eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Rev. ed. of: Marine decapod crustaceans of the Carolinas. 1965. Bibliography: p. Includes index. Supt. of Docs, no.: SI 18:2:SL8 1. Decapoda (Crustacea)—Atlantic Coast (U.S.) 2. Crustacea—Atlantic Coast (U.S.) I. Title. QL444.M33W54 1984 595.3'840974 83-600095 ISBN 0-87474-960-3 Editor: Donald C. Fisher Contents Introduction 1 History 1 Classification 2 Zoogeographic Considerations 3 Species Accounts 5 Materials Studied 8 Measurements 8 Glossary 8 Systematic and Ecological Discussion 12 Order Decapoda , 12 Key to Suborders, Infraorders, Sections, Superfamilies and Families 13 Suborder Dendrobranchiata 17 Infraorder Penaeidea 17 Superfamily Penaeoidea 17 Family Solenoceridae 17 Genus Mesopenaeiis 18 Solenocera 19 Family Penaeidae 22 Genus Penaeus 22 Metapenaeopsis 36 Parapenaeus 37 Trachypenaeus 38 Xiphopenaeus 41 Family Sicyoniidae 42 Genus Sicyonia 43 Superfamily Sergestoidea 50 Family Sergestidae 50 Genus Acetes 50 Family Luciferidae 52 Genus Lucifer 52 Suborder Pleocyemata 54 Infraorder Stenopodidea 54 Family Stenopodidae 54 Genus Stenopus 54 Infraorder Caridea 57 Superfamily Pasiphaeoidea 57 Family Pasiphaeidae 57 Genus
    [Show full text]
  • THE SWIMMING CRABS of the GENUS CALLINECTES (DECAPODA: PORTUNIDAE) L! •• ' ' ' •'
    A-G>. \KJ>\\if THE SWIMMING CRABS OF THE GENUS CALLINECTES (DECAPODA: PORTUNIDAE) l! •• ' ' ' •' AUSTIN B. WILLIAMS1 F: * * ABSTRACT The genus Callinectes and its 14 species are reevaluated. Keys to identification, descriptions of species, ranges of variation for selected characters, larval distribution, and the fossil record as well as problems in identification are discussed. Confined almost exclusively to shallow coastal waters, the genus has apparently radiated both northward and southward from a center in the Atlantic Neotropical coastal region as well as into the eastern tropical Pacific through continuous connections prior to elevation of the Panamanian isthmus in the Pliocene epoch and along tropical West Africa. Eleven species occur in the Atlantic, three in the Pacific. Callinectes marginatus spans the eastern and western tropical Atlantic. Callinectes sapidus, with the broadest latitudinal distribution among all the species (Nova Scotia to Argentina), has also been introduced in Europe. All species show close similarity and great individual variation. Both migration and genetic continuity appear to be assisted by transport of larvae in currents. Distributional patterns parallel those of many organisms, especially members of the decapod crustacean genus Penaeus which occupy similar habitats. The blue crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, a sta- we have in England." A similar record is ple commodity in fisheries of eastern and southern Marcgrave's account in 1648 (Lemos de Castro, United States, is almost a commonplace object of 1962) of a South American Callinectes [= danae fisheries and marine biological research, but its Smith (1869)], one of the common portunids used taxonomic status has been questionable for a long for food.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrate ID Guide
    11/13/13 1 This book is a compilation of identification resources for invertebrates found in stomach samples. By no means is it a complete list of all possible prey types. It is simply what has been found in past ChesMMAP and NEAMAP diet studies. A copy of this document is stored in both the ChesMMAP and NEAMAP lab network drives in a folder called ID Guides, along with other useful identification keys, articles, documents, and photos. If you want to see a larger version of any of the images in this document you can simply open the file and zoom in on the picture, or you can open the original file for the photo by navigating to the appropriate subfolder within the Fisheries Gut Lab folder. Other useful links for identification: Isopods http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-33/htm/doc.html http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-48/htm/doc.html Polychaetes http://web.vims.edu/bio/benthic/polychaete.html http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-34/htm/doc.html Cephalopods http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-44/htm/doc.html Amphipods http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-67/htm/doc.html Molluscs http://www.oceanica.cofc.edu/shellguide/ http://www.jaxshells.org/slife4.htm Bivalves http://www.jaxshells.org/atlanticb.htm Gastropods http://www.jaxshells.org/atlantic.htm Crustaceans http://www.jaxshells.org/slifex26.htm Echinoderms http://www.jaxshells.org/eich26.htm 2 PROTOZOA (FORAMINIFERA) ................................................................................................................................ 4 PORIFERA (SPONGES) ............................................................................................................................................... 4 CNIDARIA (JELLYFISHES, HYDROIDS, SEA ANEMONES) ............................................................................... 4 CTENOPHORA (COMB JELLIES)............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]