Collected Works of VI Lenin

W O R K E R S O F A L L C O U N T R I E S , U N I T E! L E N I N COLLECTED WORKS 1f A THE RUSSIAN EDITION WAS PRINTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH A DECISION OF THE NINTH CONGRESS OF THE R.C.P.(B.) AND THE SECOND CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF THE U.S.S.R. ИНCTИTУT МАРÇCИзМА — ЛЕНИНИзМА пpи ЦK KНCC B. n. l d H n H С О Ч И Н E Н И Я И з д a н u е ч е m в е p m o e ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ M О С К В А V. I. L E N I N cOLLEcTED WORKS VOLUME 1f March 1908 – August 1909 PROGRESS PUBLISHERS MOSCOW TRANSLATED FROM THE RUSSIAN EDITED BY ANDREW ROTHSTEIN AND BERNARD ISAACS From Marx to Mao M L © Digital Reprints 2010 www.marx2mao.com First printing 1963 Second printing 1973 Third printing 1977 10102–672 l ÇÜà èÇõÄÉå. 014(01)–77 7 CONTENTS Preface ........................ 13 1908 ON TO THE STRAIGHT ROAD ............... 15 ON THE “NATURE” OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION ...... 22 MARXISM AND REVISIONISM ............... 29 ON THE BEATEN TRACK! ................ 40 A BLOC OF THE CADETS AND THE OCTOBRISTS? ....... 48 THE ASSESSMENT OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION ...... 50 CADETS OF THE SECOND GENERATION ........... 63 THE AGRARIAN QUESTION IN RUSSIA TOWARDS THE CLOSE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY ............... 69 I ....................... 71 II ....................... 83 III ....................... 92 IV ....................... 106 V ....................... 118 VI ....................... 127 VII ....................... 135 SOME FEATURES OF THE PRESENT COLLAPSE ........148 THE AGRARIAN PROGRAMME OF SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY IN THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION. Autoabstract ........... 158 8 CONTENTS INFLAMMABLE MATERIAL IN WORLD POLITICS ........ 182 FROM THE EDITORIAL BOARD ............... 189 BELLICOSE MILITARISM AND THE ANTI-MILITARIST TACTICS OF SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY ................... 191 I ....................... 191 II ....................... 193 III ....................... 196 LEO TOLSTOY AS THE MIRROR OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 202 BRITISH AND GERMAN WORKERS DEMONSTRATE FOR PEACE .. 210 THE STUDENT MOVEMENT AND THE PRESENT POLITICAL SITUATION ...................... 213 EVENTS IN THE BALKANS AND IN PERSIA .......... 220 MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST BUREAU ..... 231 P. MASLOV IN HYSTERICS ................ 247 SOME REMARKS ON THE “REPLY” BY P. MASLOV ....... 255 THE ASSESSMENT OF THE PRESENT SITUATION ....... 267 HOW PLEKHANOV AND CO. DEFEND REVISIONISM ....... 281 TWO LETTERS ..................... 286 THE AGRARIAN DEBATES IN THE THIRD DUMA ........ 303 THE FIFTH (ALL-RUSSIAN) CONFERENCE OF THE R.S.D.L.P. December 21-27, 1908 (January 3-9, 1909) .......... 319 1. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE PRESENT MOMENT AND THE TASKS OF THE PARTY ............... 321 2. DIRECTIVES FOR THE COMMITTEE ON QUESTIONS OF OR- GANISATION ................... 325 3. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTIONS ON VOTING FOR THE BUDGET BY THE SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC GROUP IN THE DUMA ... 326 First Variant .................. 326 Second Variant ................. 326 CONTENTS 9 4. ADDENDUM TO THE RESOLUTION ON “THE SOCIAL-DEMO- CRATIC GROUP IN THE DUMA” ........... 328 5. STATEMENT BY THE BOLSHEVIKS. Statement of Facts .. 329 1909 HOW THE SOCIALIST-REVOLUTIONARIES SUM UP THE REVOLU- TION AND HOW THE REVOLUTION HAS SUMMED THEM UP ... 330 ON THE ROAD .....................FROM MARX 345 ON THE ARTICLE “QUESTIONSTO OF MAO THE DAY” ......... 356 THE AIM OF THE PROLETARIAN STRUGGLE IN OUR REVOLUTION 360 I ....................... 360 II ....................... 367 III ....................... 370 IV ....................... 375 V .......................NOT FOR 378 TO THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE GERMAN SOCIAL-DEM- OCRATIC LABOURCOMMERCIAL PARTY ................. 380 A CARICATURE OFDISTRIBUTION BOLSHEVISM .............. 383 THE “LEFTWARD SWING” OF THE BOURGEOISIE AND THE TASKS OF THE PROLETARIAT .................. 395 THE ATTITUDE OF THE WORKERS’ PARTY TO RELIGION .... 402 CLASSES AND PARTIES IN THEIR ATTITUDE TO RELIGION AND THE CHURCH...................... 414 CONFERENCE OF THE EXTENDED EDITORIAL BOARD OF “PRO- LETARY”, June 8-17 (21-30), 1909 ............. 425 REPORT ON THE CONFERENCE OF THE EXTENDED EDITORIAL BOARD OF PROLETARY ................ 427 10 CONTENTS SPEECH ON THE QUESTION OF THE TASKS OF THE BOLSHE- VIKS IN THE PARTY, JUNE 11 (24) ........... 436 SPEECH AND DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE TASKS OF THE BOLSHEVIKS IN RELATION TO DUMA ACTIVITY ...... 438 RESOLUTIONS OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE EXTENDED EDITORIAL BOARD OF PROLETARY ........... 442 1. On Otzovism and Ultimatumism .......... 442 2. The Tasks of the Bolsheviks in the Party ...... 446 3. Agitation for a Bolshevik Congress or Bolshevik Con- ference Separate from the Party .......... 449 4. The Party School Being Set Up Abroad at X— ... 450 5. The Breakaway of Comrade Maximov ........ 451 THE LIQUIDATION OF LIQUIDATIONISM ........... 452 THE TSAR VISITS EUROPE AND MEMBERS OF THE BLACK-HUN- DRED DUMA VISIT ENGLAND ............... 461 M. LYADOV’S LETTER TO PROLETARY ........... 467 A LETTER TO THE ORGANISERS OF THE PARTY SCHOOL ON CAPRI ........................ 468 DRAFT LETTER OF THE BOLSHEVIK CENTRE TO THE COUNCIL OF THE SCHOOL ON CAPRI ................ 470 A LETTER TO COMRADES JULIUS, VANYA, SAVELY, IVAN, VLA- DIMIR, STANISLAV AND FOMA, STUDENTS AT THE CAPRI PARTY SCHOOL ....................... 472 Notes ......................... 479 The Life and Work of V. I. Lenin. Outstanding Dates ....513 CONTENTS 11 ILLUSTRATIONS Front page of the newspaper Proletary, No. 27, March 26 (April 8), 1908, featuring Lenin’s articles “On the ‘Nature’ of the Russian Revolution”, and “The Debate on the Extension of the Duma’s Budgetary Powers” ............ 23 The first page of the manuscript of Lenin’s “Leo Tolstoy as the Mirror of the Russian Revolution”, 1908 ......... 203 Front page of the Central Organ of the R.S.D.L.P.—the newspaper Sotsial-Demokrat, No. 2, January 28 (February 10), 1909, containing Lenin’s article “On the Road” ......... 347 The first page of Lenin’s manuscript “Speech on the Question of the Tasks of the Bolsheviks in the Party”, June 11 (24), 1909 ...................436-37 13 PREFACE Volume 16 contains works written by V. I. Lenin during the period from March 1908 to August 1909. The volume contains articles and other items by Lenin published in the newspapers Proletary and Sotsial-Demo- krat; documents of the Fifth (All-Russian) Conference of the R.S.D.L.P. and the conference of the extended editorial board of Proletary. In his writings: “On to the Straight Road”, “The Assess- ment of the Russian Revolution”, “On the ‘Nature’ of the Russian Revolution”, “The Assessment of the Present Situation”, “On the Road”, Lenin gives an analysis of the coup d’état of June 3, 1907, outlines the tasks and tactics of the Party during the period of the Stolypin reaction, and exposes the liquidationism of the Mensheviks. His articles “Two Letters”, “On the Article ‘Questions of the Day’”, “A Caricature of Bolshevism”, ‘~he Liqui- dation of Liquidationism” and the documents of the conference of the extended editorial board of Proletary are directed against “liquidationism from the left”—otzovism, ultimatumism and god-building. In his works: “The Agrarian Question in Russia Towards the Close of the Nineteenth Century”, “The Agrarian Pro- gramme of Social-Democracy in the Russian Revolution. Autoabstract”, “P. Maslov in Hysterics”, “Some Remarks on the ‘Reply’ by P. Maslov”, “From the Editorial Board” and “How Plekhanov and Co. Defend Revisionism”, Lenin defends and develops Marxist theory on the agrarian question. In the articles “Inflammable Material in World Poli- tics”, “Bellicose Militarism and the Anti-Militarist Tactics 14 PREFACE of Social-Democracy”, “Events in the Balkans and in Persia” and “Meeting of the International Socialist Bu- reau”, Lenin discusses the most important international events and defines the tactics of revolutionary Social- Democracy in the struggle against militarism. This volume includes six documents printed for the first time in Lenin’s Works. In the article, “British and German Workers Demonstrate for Peace” Lenin exposed the predatory aspirations of the capitalists and their war preparations, and showed the rise of the revolutionary working-class movement. Two documents, “Statement by the Bolsheviks” and “To the Executive Committee of the German Social-Democratic Labour Party”, are devoted to the struggle of the Bolsheviks against the Menshevik liqui- dators at the Fifth (All-Russian) Conference of the R.S.D.L.P. Two speeches at the conference of the extended editorial board of Proletary and the “Draft Letter of the Bolshevik Centre to the Council of the School on Capri” are directed against the otzovists, ultimatumists and god- builders. 1 ON TO THE STRAIGHT ROAD Published in the newspaper Published according Proletary, No. 26,to the text in the newspaper March 19 (April 1), 1908 19 (April March 1 ), 1908 Proletary No. 26 ,to , the text in the newspaper Published in the newspaper Published according ON TO THE STRAIGHT ROAD 1 17 The dissolution of the Second Duma2 and the coup d’état of June 3, 19073 were a turning-point in the history of our revolution, the beginning of a kind of special period or zigzag in its development. We have spoken more than once of the significance of this zigzag from the standpoint of the general relation of class forces in Russia and the tasks of the uncompleted bourgeois revolution. We want now to deal with the state of our Party work in connection with this turn of the revolution. More than six months have passed since the reactionary coup of June 3, and beyond doubt this first half-year has been

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