Fossil Woods of Leguminosae and Anacardiaceae from the Tertiary of Assam
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Abstract Germinación De Semillas De Ormosia Macrocalyx, Un Árbol
GEORGINA VARGAS-SIMÓN1,2, PABLO MARTÍNEZ-ZURIMENDI1,3*, MARIVEL DOMÍNGUEZ-DOMÍNGUEZ4 AND REINALDO PIRE5 Botanical Sciences 95 (2): 329-341, 2017 Abstract Background: Ormosia macrocalyx is a tropical forest tree classified as endangered. Its seeds experience problems of dispersion and apparent physical dormancy due to their hard seed coating. DOI: 10.17129/botsci.823 Hypotheses: 1) The stages of dehiscence of the fruits of Ormosia macrocalyx influence the germinative behavior of its seeds. 2) Pregerminative treatments will improve the germination process of the seeds stored under refrigeration. Copyright: © 2017 Vargas-Simón et Study species: Ormosia macrocalyx al. This is an open access article dis- Study site and period: Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico from October 2012 to October 2014 tributed under the terms of the Crea- tive Commons Attribution License, Methods: Two completely randomized experiments were conducted in order to analyze the germination process by 1) which permits unrestricted use, dis- evaluating germination in seeds from fruit at three stages of dehiscence (closed, semi-open, and open fruit) and 2) ap- tribution, and reproduction in any plying four treatments, including three pregerminative treatments (water soaking for 24 h, mechanical scarification and medium, provided the original author scarification+1% gibberellic acid) plus an untreated control, to seeds stored under refrigeration for 17 months. and source are credited. Results: Differences were found in germination rate (GR), corrected germination rate (CGR) and time to attain 50 % ger- mination (T50) among treatments in the first experiment, with the seeds from open fruits presenting the lowest response -1 (3.31 % day for GR and CGR, and 15.8 days for T50), although all treatments showed similar times for the initiation Author Contributions of germination (GI) and final germination percentage (GP). -
Germination and Salinity Tolerance of Seeds of Sixteen Fabaceae Species in Thailand for Reclamation of Salt-Affected Lands
BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 21, Number 5, May 2020 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 2188-2200 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210547 Germination and salinity tolerance of seeds of sixteen Fabaceae species in Thailand for reclamation of salt-affected lands YONGKRIAT KU-OR1, NISA LEKSUNGNOEN1,2,♥, DAMRONGVUDHI ONWIMON3, PEERAPAT DOOMNIL1 1Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University. 50 Phahonyothin Rd, Lat yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand 2Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University, Kasetsart University. 50 Phahonyothin Rd, Lat yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. ♥email: [email protected] 3Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University. 50 Phahonyothin Rd, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. Manuscript received: 26 March 2020. Revision accepted: 24 April 2020. Abstract. Ku-Or Y, Leksungnoen N, Onwinom D, Doomnil P. 2020. Germination and salinity tolerance of seeds of sixteen Fabaceae species in Thailand for reclamation of salt-affected lands. Biodiversitas 21: 2188-2200. Over the years, areas affected by salinity have increased dramatically in Thailand, resulting in an urgent need for reclamation of salt-affected areas using salinity tolerant plant species. In this context, seed germination is an important process in plant reproduction and dispersion. This research aimed to study the ability of 16 fabaceous species to germinate and tolerate salt concentrations of at 6 different levels (concentration of sodium chloride solution, i.e., 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40 dS m-1). The germination test was conducted daily for 30 days, and parameters such as germination percentage, germination speed, and germination synchrony were calculated. The electrical conductivity (EC50) was used to compare the salt-tolerant ability among the 16 species. -
Morphological and Physiological Germination Aspects of Anadenanthera Colubrina (Vell.) Brenan
Available online: www.notulaebotanicae.ro Print ISSN 0255-965X; Electronic 1842-4309 Notulae Botanicae Horti AcademicPres Not Bot Horti Agrobo, 2018, 46(2):593-600. DOI:10.15835/nbha46211094 Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca Original Article Morphological and Physiological Germination Aspects of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan Fernanda Carlota NERY 1*, Marcela Carlota NERY 2, Débora de Oliveira PRUDENTE 3, Amauri Alves de ALVARENGA 3, Renato PAIVA 3 1Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei (UFSJ), Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, São João Del Rei - MG, Brazil; [email protected] (*corresponding author) 2Universidade dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina – MG, Brazil; [email protected] 3Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Programa de Pós-graduação em Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia, Lavras – MG, Brazil; [email protected] ; [email protected] ; [email protected] Abstra ct Anadenanthera colubrina is a species native to Brazil, from the Fabaceae family and has potential for use in the timber industry, in the reforestation of degraded areas, besides having medicinal properties. Its propagation is mainly by seeds, but basic subsidies regarding the requirements for optimal germination conditions are still lacking. Aiming to contribute to the expansion of its cultivation, rational use and conservation, the objective of this study was to investigate the morphology and anatomy of fruits and seeds, as well as the responses to factors as thermal regimes and substrates in seed germination. The 1000-seed weight and seeds per fruit were determined. To characterize the seed tissues, histochemical test with Sudan III and Lugol was used. The temperatures analyzed in the germination test were 15-25 °C; 25 °C; 20-30 °C and 30 °C. -
A Dictionary of the Plant Names of the Philippine Islands," by Elmer D
4r^ ^\1 J- 1903.—No. 8. DEPARTMEl^T OF THE IE"TEIlIOIi BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES. A DICTIONARY OF THE PLAIT NAMES PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By ELMER D, MERRILL, BOTANIST. MANILA: BUREAU OP rUKLIC I'RIN'TING. 8966 1903. 1903.—No. 8. DEPARTMEE^T OF THE USTTERIOR. BUREAU OF GOVEENMENT LABOEATOEIES. r.RARV QaRDON A DICTIONARY OF THE PLANT PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By ELMER D. MERRILL, BOTANIST. MANILA: BUREAU OF PUBLIC PRINTING. 1903. LETTEE OF TEANSMITTAL. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Government Laboratories, Office of the Superintendent of Laboratories, Manila, P. I. , September 22, 1903. Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith manuscript of a paper entitled "A dictionary of the plant names of the Philippine Islands," by Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. I am, very respectfully. Paul C. Freer, Superintendent of Government Laboratories. Hon. James F. Smith, Acting Secretary of the Interior, Manila, P. I. 3 A DICTIONARY OF THE NATIVE PUNT NAMES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By Elmer D. ^Ikkrii.i., Botanist. INTRODUCTIOX. The preparation of the present work was undertaken at the request of Capt. G. P. Ahern, Chief of the Forestry Bureau, the objeet being to facihtate the work of the various employees of that Bureau in identifying the tree species of economic importance found in the Arcliipelago. For the interests of the Forestry Bureau the names of the va- rious tree species only are of importance, but in compiling this list all plant names avaliable have been included in order to make the present Avork more generally useful to those Americans resident in the Archipelago who are interested in the vegetation about them. -
A Review on Antidiarrhoeal, Anti-Inflammatory and Antibacterial Activity of Adenanthera Pavonina Leaves
Mathew George et al / International Journal of Pharmacological Research 2017; 7(06): 120-122. 120 International Journal of Pharmacological Research ISSN: 2277-3312 (Online) Journal DOI: https://doi.org/10.7439/ijpr Review Article A Review on Antidiarrhoeal, Anti-inflammatory and Antibacterial activity of Adenanthera pavonina leaves Mathew George*, Lincy Joseph* and Arun V Venugopal Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy, Medicity Campus, Perumthuruthy P.O, Thiruvalla, Kerala 689107 India *Correspondence Info: QR Code Mathew George Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy, Medicity Campus, Perumthuruthy P.O, Thiruvalla, Kerala 689107 India *Article History: Received: 06/06/2017 Revised: 11/06/2017 Accepted: 11/06/2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7439/ijpr.v7i6.4212 Abstract Plants have been used for health care and medical purposes for years. The number of higher plant species on earth is about 250000. It is estimated that 35000 to 70000 species have, at one time or another, been used in some cultures for medicinal purposes. One of these is Adenanthera pavonina which is traditionally used. It also exhibit activity like antidiabetic, antibacterial, cytotoxicity, antifungal, antioxidant, anthelmintic, analgesic, anticonvulsant, depressant, and anti-inflammatory activity. The ethanolic extract of leaves show anti-inflammatory activity and pavonin a five membered lactone ring was isolated from leaves. The purpose of my review is to carry out future work for higher studies. Keywords: Adenanthera pavonina, Antidiarrhoeal Activity, Anti-inflammatory Activity, Antibacterial Activity. 1. Introduction Adenanthera pavonina is prereninal and non Synonyms : Adenanthera gersenii, Adenanthera climbing species of leguminous tree. It includes food and polita. drink. This tree is useful for nitrogen fixation. The raw seed Common : Raktakanchan, Red Sandalwood, Coral- are toxic, but may be eaten, when cooked. -
Assessing the Role of Seed Dispersal in Peat Swamp Forest Regeneration
Assessing the Role of Seed Dispersal in Peat Swamp Forest Regeneration Cassie Freund Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in Conservation Biology, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY May 2012 i ABSTRACT Both biotic and abiotic factors, especially seed dispersal, influence the process of forest regeneration, but there has been relatively little research on these factors in peat swamp forest ecosystems. Large-scale forest fires are the biggest disturbance affecting peat swamp forests, especially in the heavily degraded peatlands of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is important to examine the barriers to forest regeneration in this system because peat swamp forest provides important ecosystem services for people and habitat for Indonesia’s unique biodiversity. Several studies have suggested that seed dispersal limitation will be one of the most significant barriers to peat swamp forest regeneration. This study examined the composition of regenerating seedlings and saplings in the former Mega-Rice project area to determine if there was evidence for seed dispersal limitation in general, and how species with different seed dispersal mechanisms (wind, bird or bat, and primate) were distributed across the landscape. The results indicate that (1) there are more primary forest species present in the regenerating flora than expected and (2) seedling and sapling abundance is highest near the forest edge, declining significantly as distance from the edge increases. As predicted, primate-dispersed species were the most dispersal limited, and wind dispersed species were found at the furthest distances from the forest edge. However, of the species with known dispersal mechanisms, bird and bat dispersed species were the most common, suggesting that these animals play a significant role in peat swamp forest regeneration. -
On the Flora of Australia
L'IBRARY'OF THE GRAY HERBARIUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY. BOUGHT. THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION; BEING AN TO THE FLORA OF TASMANIA. BY JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., L.S., & G.S.; LATE BOTANIST TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. LONDON : LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. r^/f'ORElGN&ENGLISH' <^ . 1859. i^\BOOKSELLERS^.- PR 2G 1.912 Gray Herbarium Harvard University ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION. I I / ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION; BEIKG AN TO THE FLORA OF TASMANIA. BY JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., L.S., & G.S.; LATE BOTANIST TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. Reprinted from the JJotany of the Antarctic Expedition, Part III., Flora of Tasmania, Vol. I. LONDON : LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1859. PRINTED BY JOHN EDWARD TAYLOR, LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS. CONTENTS OF THE INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. § i. Preliminary Remarks. PAGE Sources of Information, published and unpublished, materials, collections, etc i Object of arranging them to discuss the Origin, Peculiarities, and Distribution of the Vegetation of Australia, and to regard them in relation to the views of Darwin and others, on the Creation of Species .... iii^ § 2. On the General Phenomena of Variation in the Vegetable Kingdom. All plants more or less variable ; rate, extent, and nature of variability ; differences of amount and degree in different natural groups of plants v Parallelism of features of variability in different groups of individuals (varieties, species, genera, etc.), and in wild and cultivated plants vii Variation a centrifugal force ; the tendency in the progeny of varieties being to depart further from their original types, not to revert to them viii Effects of cross-impregnation and hybridization ultimately favourable to permanence of specific character x Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection ; — its effects on variable organisms under varying conditions is to give a temporary stability to races, species, genera, etc xi § 3. -
(GISD) 2021. Species Profile Adenanthera Pavonina. Avail
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Adenanthera pavonina Adenanthera pavonina System: Terrestrial Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Plantae Magnoliophyta Magnoliopsida Fabales Fabaceae Common name peacock tree (English), kulalis (English, Guam), pitipitio (English, French Polynesia), vaivainivavalangi (English, Fiji), metekam (English, Kosrae), kulales (English, Guam), kolales (English, Guam), red sandalwood tree (English), telentundalel (English, Palau), la'aulopa (English, American Samoa), lopa (English, American Samoa), carolina (Portuguese, Brazil), olho-de-pavão (Portuguese, Brazil), segavé (Portuguese, Brazil), falso-sândalo (Portuguese, Brazil), peacock flower-fence (English), coral bean tree (English), red bead tree (English), false wili wili (English), bead tree (English), mwetkwem (English, Kosrae), bois de condori (French), kaikes (English, Pohnpei), paina (English, French Polynesia), culalis (English, Guam), vaivai (English, Fiji), lerendamu (English, Fiji), metkem (English, Kosrae), metkam (English, Kosrae), lera (English, Fiji), pomea (English, Fiji), colales (English, Guam), telengtúngd (English, Palau) Synonym Adenanthera polita , Miq Adenanthera gersenii , Scheffer Similar species Summary A medium-sized tree up to 15m high, Adenanthera pavonina is native to India and Malaysia. It has been planted extensively throughout the tropics as an ornamental and has become naturalised in many countries. It invades intact, undisturbed hardwood forests as well as disturbed sites and can quickly form large colonies. view this species on IUCN Red List Notes Adenanthera pavonina is reported to be very invasive in American Samoa and widespread on Kosrae. Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) 2021. Species profile Adenanthera pavonina. Pag. 1 Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=201 [Accessed 06 October 2021] FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Adenanthera pavonina Uses Cultivated as an ornamental; Adenanthera pavonina is used for food, medecine, furniture, and fuelwood. -
The Oil of Adenanthera Pavonina L. Seeds and Its Emulsions
The Oil of Adenanthera pavonina L. Seeds and its Emulsions Robert Zarnowskia,§,*, Anna Jarominb, Milan Certikc, Tibor Czabanyc, Joe¨l Fontained, Tibor Jakubike, Mohamed C. M. Iqbalf, Anne Grandmougin-Ferjanid, Arkadiusz Kozubekb, and Stanislaw J. Pietra a Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University, Wroclaw, Poland § Present address: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 424 Medical Science Centre, University of Wisconsin Ð Madison, 1300 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706, USA. Fax: +1-(608)-2656717. E-mail: [email protected] b Department of Lipids and Liposomal Technology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland c Department of Biochemical Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovak Republik d Laboratoire de Mycologie/Phytopathologie/Environment, Universite´ du Littoral-Coˆ te d’Opale, Calais Cedex, France e Central Laboratories of Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovak Republik f Plant Reproductive Biology, Institute for Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka * Author for correspondence and reprint requests Z. Naturforsch. 59c, 321Ð326 (2004); January 15/February 27, 2004 The oil of Adenanthera pavonina L. seeds was analysed by chromatographic and instru- mental means. The oil was found to be rich in neutral lipids (86.2%), and low in polar lipids (13.8%). The neutral lipids consisted mainly of triacylglycerols (64.2%). Unsaturated fatty acids were found as high as 71%, while the percentage of saturated fatty acids was only 29%. GC and GC/MS analyses revealed linoleic, oleic and lignocerotic acid to be predominant among all fatty acids in the A. pavonina oil, whereas stigmasterol was the major steroid identified within this study. -
Adenanthera Pavonina L
Adenanthera pavonina L. Fabaceae - Mimosoideae LOCAL NAMES Bengali (rakta kambal); Burmese (mai-chek); Creole (legliz,reglisse); English (jumbie bead,false sandalwood,crab's eyes,coral wood,circassian seed,circassian bean,red wood,red sandalwood,red bead tree,bead tree); Filipino (malatinglin); French (bois de condori,église,reglisse); German (condoribaum,indischer korallenbaum); Hindi (saga,raktakambal,manjadi,anikundumani,lopa); Indonesian (kitoke laut,saga telik,segawe sabrang); Javanese (segawe sabrang); Khmer (chan’trèi); Lao (Sino-Tibetan) (lam); Malay (saga tumpul,saga,saga daun tumpul); Samoan (lopa); Sanskrit (kunchandana); Spanish (coralitos Coppice stand: Mid picture. (Rafael T. Cadiz) peonía,arbol de coral,coral,peronías,jumbie bread,peronía,caralillo,carolina,caralín); Thai (ma hok daeng,ma klam ta chang,ma clam ton,ma clam ta cheng,ma klam ton); Tongan (lopa) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Adenanthera pavonina is a medium-sized to large deciduous tree, 6-15 m tall and up to 45 cm diameter, depending on location; generally erect; bark dark brown to greyish; inner bark soft, pale brown; crown spreading; multiple stems common, as are slightly buttressed trunks in older trees. Leaves bipinnate; 2-6 opposite pairs of pinnae, each with 8-21 leaflets on Adenanthera pavonina folliage (Rafael T. short stalks; alternate leaflets 2-2.5 x 3 cm, oval-oblong, with an Cadiz) asymmetric base and blunt apex, dull green on topside and blue-green underside; leaves turn yellow with age. Flowers borne in narrow spikelike racemes, 12-15 cm long, at branch ends; flowers small, creamy yellow, fragrant; each flower star shaped with 5 petals, connate at the base, and having 10 prominent stamen-bearing anthers tipped with minute glands. -
Determination of the Water Gap and the Germination Ecology of Adenanthera Pavonina (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae); the Adaptive Role of Physical Dormancy in Mimetic Seeds
Research Article Determination of the water gap and the germination ecology of Adenanthera pavonina (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae); the adaptive role of physical dormancy in mimetic seeds Ganesh K. Jaganathan1*, Kirsty J. Yule2 and Matthew Biddick2 1Department of Biothermal Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China 2School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand Received: 11 December 2017 Editorial decision: 10 August 2018 Accepted: 21 August 2018 Published: 23 August 2018 Associate Editor: Katharine Dickinson Citation: Jaganathan GK, Yule KJ, Biddick M. 2018. Determination of the water gap and the germination ecology of Adenanthera pavonina (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae); the adaptive role of physical dormancy in mimetic seeds. AoB PLANTS 10: ply048; doi: 10.1093/ aobpla/ply048 Abstract. Dormancy caused by impermeable seed coats, i.e. physical dormancy (PY), regulates the timing of seed germination in species of several genera belonging to 18 angiosperm families. Physical dormancy also occurs in some mimetic species whose seeds mimic brightly coloured, fleshy fruits or arilled seeds. However, the conditions that break dormancy, as well as the location of water gaps in mimetic seeds, remain unclear. Here, we investigated the adaptive role of impermeable coats in the mimetic seeds of Adenanthera pavonina (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae). Specifically, we explored: (i) the conditions that break PY; (ii) the location of the primary water gap that forms during dormancy break; and (iii) the effect of seasonal temperature regimes on seed germination. Seeds were subjected to hot-water treatment, rapid temperature fluctuations and storage at temperatures mimicking summer and autumn conditions. Seed coat anatomy and water-gap regions were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy. -
Download/Book of Abstracts.Pdf Dhileepan, K., Taylor, D
Received: 6 August 2018 Accepted: 22 November 2018 DOI: 10.1111/aab.12499 RESEARCH ARTICLE Implications of the changing phylogenetic relationships of Acacia s.l. on the biological control of Vachellia nilotica ssp. indica in Australia Dianne B.J. Taylor | Kunjithapatham Dhileepan Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Brisbane, Plant relationships have implications for many fields including weed biological control. The use of Queensland, Australia DNA sequencing and new tree building algorithms since the late 1980s and early 1990s have Correspondence revolutionised plant classification and has resulted in many changes to previously accepted taxo- Dianne B. J. Taylor, Department of Agriculture nomic relationships. It is critical that biological control researchers stay abreast of changes to plant and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, phylogenies. One of the largest plant genera, Acacia, has undergone great change over the past QLD 4001, Australia. 20 years and these changes have ramifications for weed biological control projects in a number of Email: [email protected] countries. Vachellia nilotica (prickly acacia) is a major weed in Australia, originating from the Indian Funding information subcontinent and Asia, and it has been a target for biological control since 1980. Once a member Meat and Livestock Australia of Acacia, a large (>1,000 spp.) and iconic group in Australia, prickly acacia is now part of the genus Vachellia. Current knowledge suggests that Vachellia is more closely related to mimosoid genera than it is to Acacia s.s. There has also been a recent reclassification of legume subfamilies with sub- family Mimosoideae now part of subfamily Caesalpinioideae, and four new subfamilies.