Most Korean Buddhist temples have an altar set up with a painting or statue of San-shin, housed in a separate shrine building with walls covered with Taoist- themed paintings.

Three icons of San-shin in one shrine, at Girim-saTemple on Mount Hamwol- san, in Gyeongju City 8,000 BCE The earliest pottery found on the Korean peninsula is found in shell middens along the coasts.

72 Early Jeulmun Period 8000 - 6000 BCE

Jeulmun style raised-clay patterned pottery ( ) appear at southern sites on Jeju-do Island and on the seacoast near around 8000 BCE.

Along with Southern China, the Japanese Archipelago, and the Russian Far East, this makes early Jeulum pottery among the oldest in world . 4000 BCE

Korean earthenware vessel in the classic JEULMUN comb- pattern style over the whole vessel.

74 Korean Prehistory

The people who made Jeulmun pottery hunted and gathered, and practiced small-scale cultivation of plants. Jeulmun Pottery Jeulman pottery bears design and form similarities with the pottery of the Jomon people who originally were Altaic-speaking tribes who migrated into Japan. Early Chinese texts termed these people, “the eastern barbarians.” Human Habitation Sites associated with Jeulmun pottery consist of small clusters of semisubterranean pit houses. A central hearth with stones provided heat. This was the earliest form of floor radiant heating still prevalent today in Korean houses. The Domestication of Plants and Animals and the Beginning of Civilization Horticulture

~3,500 BCE. Agriculture

wet-rice ~1,000 BCE ~ Yayoi Migration from Japan Dry-land Rice

Dry-land rice was introduced ~3500 BCE. Small-scale, temporary plots - domesticated and wild grains planted together. Intensive wet-paddy rice agriculture reached from Japan by ~1000 BCE. Jeulmun Period (8000-1500 BCE) ... slow transition from hunting, fishing, and gathering to agriculture. Millet was the first domesticated plant. Pig was domesticated 1500 BCE slash and burn agriculturalists migrating down from displaced people using Jeulmun Period subsistence patterns. They carried bronze agricultural and weapon technology of Chinese origin. The Mumun Period

1500 BCE - 300 BCE Dolmens symbolize the presence of leadership

Ganghwa Island - Mumun Period Leadership became necessary for defense and forming alliances Dolmens represent early monumental architecture and suggest political organization

Korean Dolmens date to 2500 BCE “big-men” Mumun Pottery

(1500 - 300 BCE) Burial sites, pottery, and large settlements found in the Liao River Basin and indicate the origins of the Mumun Period. The spread was generally from north to south.