9.Prehistoric Korea-149

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Most Korean Buddhist temples have an altar set up with a painting or statue of San-shin, housed in a separate shrine building with walls covered with Taoist- themed paintings. Three icons of San-shin in one shrine, at Girim-saTemple on Mount Hamwol- san, in Gyeongju City 8,000 BCE The earliest pottery found on the Korean peninsula is found in shell middens along the coasts. 72 Early Jeulmun Period 8000 - 6000 BCE Jeulmun style raised-clay patterned pottery ( ) appear at southern sites on Jeju-do Island and on the seacoast near Ulsan around 8000 BCE. Along with Southern China, the Japanese Archipelago, and the Russian Far East, this makes early Jeulum pottery among the oldest in world prehistory. 4000 BCE Korean earthenware vessel in the classic JEULMUN comb- pattern style over the whole vessel. 74 Korean Prehistory The people who made Jeulmun pottery hunted and gathered, and practiced small-scale cultivation of plants. Jeulmun Pottery Jeulman pottery bears design and form similarities with the pottery of the Jomon people who originally were Altaic-speaking tribes who migrated into Japan. Early Chinese texts termed these people, “the eastern barbarians.” Human Habitation Sites associated with Jeulmun pottery consist of small clusters of semisubterranean pit houses. A central hearth with stones provided heat. This was the earliest form of floor radiant heating still prevalent today in Korean houses. The Domestication of Plants and Animals and the Beginning of Civilization Horticulture ~3,500 BCE. Agriculture wet-rice ~1,000 BCE ~ Yayoi Migration from Japan Dry-land Rice Dry-land rice was introduced ~3500 BCE. Small-scale, temporary plots - domesticated and wild grains planted together. Intensive wet-paddy rice agriculture reached Korea from Japan by ~1000 BCE. Jeulmun Period (8000-1500 BCE) ... slow transition from hunting, ﬁshing, and gathering to agriculture. Millet was the ﬁrst domesticated plant. Pig was domesticated 1500 BCE slash and burn agriculturalists migrating down from Manchuria displaced people using Jeulmun Period subsistence patterns. They carried bronze agricultural and weapon technology of Chinese origin. The Mumun Period 1500 BCE - 300 BCE Dolmens symbolize the presence of leadership Ganghwa Island - Mumun Period Leadership became necessary for defense and forming alliances Dolmens represent early monumental architecture and suggest political organization Korean Dolmens date to 2500 BCE “big-men” Mumun Pottery (1500 - 300 BCE) Burial sites, pottery, and large settlements found in the Liao River Basin and North Korea indicate the origins of the Mumun Period. The spread was generally from north to south. .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Korean History in Maps: from Prehistory to the Twenty-First Century Edited by Michael D
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09846-6 - Korean History in Maps: From Prehistory to the Twenty-First Century Edited by Michael D. Shin Frontmatter More information Korean History in Maps Korean History in Maps is a beautifully presented, full-color atlas covering all periods of Korean history from prehistoric times to the present day. It is the ﬁrst atlas of its kind to be speciﬁcally designed for students in English-speaking countries. There is a map for each era in Korean history, showing every major kingdom or polity that existed on the Korean peninsula, and maps are also included for topics of additional historical interest, including each major war that took place. In addition, the atlas contains chronologies, lists of monarchs, and overviews of the politics, economy, society, and culture for each era which are complemented by numerous photos and full-color images of artifacts, paintings, and architectural structures. This fascinating historical atlas is a complete reference work and unique teaching tool for all scholars and students of Korean and East Asian history. I © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09846-6 - Korean History in Maps: From Prehistory to the Twenty-First Century Edited by Michael D. Shin Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09846-6 - Korean History in Maps: From Prehistory to the Twenty-First Century Edited by Michael D. Shin Frontmatter More information Korean History in Maps From Prehistory to the Twenty-first Century EDITED BY Michael D.
[Show full text]
Symbolism of Hairstyles in Korea and Japan Research Material
RESEARCH MATERIAL Na-Young Choi Wonkwang University, South Korea Symbolism of Hairstyles in Korea and Japan Abstract The paper attempts to examine the origins and changes in the hairstyles of Korea and Japan from ancient to early modern times and to compare their features in order to determine what they have in common. The results can be summarized in four points: First, hairstyles were thought to fend off evil influences; second, they were a means to express an ideal of beauty; third, they were an expression of a woman’s marital status; and fourth, they were an expression of social status and wealth. Keywords: hairstyles—symbolism—magical meaning—standard of beauty Asian Folklore Studies, Volume 65, 2006: 69–86 his paper seeks to examine and describe women’s hairstyle changes in Korea and Japan, which belong to the same cultural zone of East Asia, from ancient to early modern times. These countries are in a monsoon zone,T they were originally agricultural societies, and they actively engaged in cultural exchange from earliest times, a factor that is of importance to the fol- lowing discussion. Hairdressing, which varied according to clothing styles, was primarily used to express one’s position, nature, and sensibility rather than to put one’s hair in order. Hairstyles also differed according to the ethnic back- ground, natural features of a person, and beauty standards of a particular peri- od: they revealed one’s nationality, sex, age, occupation, and religion. While previous research on hairstyles in Korea focused on the changes in Korean hairstyles based on historical periods, the hairstyles of Korea and Japan have not been compared to examine their common symbolism, such as the implication of magical meanings, expression of beauty, symbol of marital status, and indication of social position and wealth.
[Show full text]
Origins of the Japanese Languages. a Multidisciplinary Approach”
MASTERARBEIT / MASTER’S THESIS Titel der Masterarbeit / Title of the Master’s Thesis “Origins of the Japanese languages. A multidisciplinary approach” verfasst von / submitted by Patrick Elmer, BA angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) Wien, 2019 / Vienna 2019 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 066 843 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Masterstudium Japanologie UG2002 degree programme as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Mag. Dr. Bernhard Seidl Mitbetreut von / Co-Supervisor: Dr. Bernhard Scheid Table of contents List of figures .......................................................................................................................... v List of tables ........................................................................................................................... v Note to the reader..................................................................................................................vi Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................... vii 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Research question ................................................................................................. 1 1.2. Methodology ........................................................................................................
[Show full text]
The Colonial Origins of Prehistoric Korea
2 The Colonial Origins of Prehistoric Korea JAPANESE ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY IN THE AGE OF IMPERIALISM (I895-1945) Modern Korean studies date from the late nineteenth century and must be understood in the context of imperialism.1 The signing of the Kanghwa Treaty in 1876 established diplomatic relations between Yi dynasty Chosen and MeijiJapan and opened the port oflnch'en.2 The main clause of Korea's first modern treaty signaled the political independence of the Chosen state from its centuries-old tributary and cultural ties with China. Imperial Ja pan's attempt to relegate Korea to a different political role and the ensuing shifts in the traditional East Asian world order resulted in the Protectorate Treaty in 1905 and the official annexation of Korea in 1910. During the J apa nese takeover of the Korean peninsula in the late nineteenth century, the newly founded Tokyo University Department of History (1885) produced the first generation of graduates to dedicate their academic careers to mod ern Toyo gaku, or East Asian studies (Yoshikawa 1976). Under the tutelage of Shiratori Kurakichi, the founder of East Asian studies in Japan, Ikeuchi Hiroshi, T orii Ryuzo, and Imanishi Ryii represented the new breed of scholars, who were versed not only in classical Chinese historical literature but also in the imported Western disciplines of geography, geology, paleon tology, archaeology, art history, physical anthropology, and ethnography. As intellectuals trying to come to grips with the rapidly changing role of 24 THE COLONIAL ORIGINS OF PREHISTORIC KOREA Japan in East Asia, their research naturally turned to the Korean peninsula (H.
[Show full text]
Gyoung-Ah LEE
Updated on October 2016 1 Gyoung-Ah LEE Associate Professor Anthropology, University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1218 Email. [email protected] Tel. 541 346 4442; Fax. 541 346 0668 EDUCATION 2003 Ph.D., Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Canada 1997 M. S., Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Canada 1992 B.A., Department of Archaeology and Art History, Seoul National University, Korea ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS 2013–present Associate professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon 2007–2013 Assistant professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon 2006–2007 Researcher and Lecturer, Department of Archaeology and Art History, Institute of Historical Research, Seoul National University, Korea 2004–2006 Postdoctoral Researcher, Archaeology Program, La Trobe University, Australia 2003–2004 Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto 1992–1994 Curatorial assistant, Department of Archaeology, National Museum of Korea RESEARCH FIELDS Topical interests: paleoethnobotany; human-environmental interactions; social complexity in early states; transition from foraging to food production; traditional farming technologies; phylogenetics of crops; labor organization; ideology of food; and quantitative archaeology Chronological and geographical interests: Neolithic, Bronze, and early historical periods in Korea; the Neolithic to Shang periods in China; Jomon-Yayoi periods and Ainu history in Hokkaido, Japan; and Late Woodland and Iroquoian tradition in the Eastern North America
[Show full text]
Pottery Use by Early Holocene Hunter-Gatherers of the Korean Peninsula Closely Linked with the Exploitation of Marine Resources
This is a repository copy of Pottery use by early Holocene hunter-gatherers of the Korean peninsula closely linked with the exploitation of marine resources. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/118721/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Shoda, Shinya orcid.org/0000-0001-9525-3710, Lucquin, Alexandre orcid.org/0000-0003- 4892-6323, Ahn, Jae ho et al. (2 more authors) (2017) Pottery use by early Holocene hunter-gatherers of the Korean peninsula closely linked with the exploitation of marine resources. Quaternary Science Reviews. pp. 164-173. ISSN 0277-3791 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.06.032 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Quaternary Science Reviews, 170, 164–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.06.032 Pottery use by Early Holocene hunter-gatherers of the Korean Peninsula closely linked with the exploitation of marine resources Shinya Shodaa, b Wentworth Way, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG, United Kingdom.
[Show full text]
Archaeology of Asia
BLACKWELL STUDIES IN GLOBAL ARCHAEOLOGY archaeology of asia Edited by Miriam T. Stark Archaeology of Asia BLACKWELL STUDIES IN GLOBAL ARCHAEOLOGY Series Editors: Lynn Meskell and Rosemary A. Joyce Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology is a series of contemporary texts, each care- fully designed to meet the needs of archaeology instructors and students seeking volumes that treat key regional and thematic areas of archaeological study. Each volume in the series, compiled by its own editor, includes 12–15 newly commis- sioned articles by top scholars within the volume’s thematic, regional, or temporal area of focus. What sets the Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology apart from other available texts is that their approach is accessible, yet does not sacriﬁce theoretical sophistication. The series editors are committed to the idea that usable teaching texts need not lack ambition. To the contrary, the Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology aim to immerse readers in fundamental archaeological ideas and concepts, but also to illu- minate more advanced concepts, thereby exposing readers to some of the most exciting contemporary developments in the ﬁeld. Inasmuch, these volumes are designed not only as classic texts, but as guides to the vital and exciting nature of archaeology as a discipline. 1. Mesoamerican Archaeology: Theory and Practice Edited by Julia A. Hendon and Rosemary A. Joyce 2. Andean Archaeology Edited by Helaine Silverman 3. African Archaeology: A Critical Introduction Edited by Ann Brower Stahl 4. Archaeologies of the Middle East: Critical Perspectives Edited by Susan Pollock and Reinhard Bernbeck 5. North American Archaeology Edited by Timothy R. Pauketat and Diana DiPaolo Loren 6.
[Show full text]
An Evaluation of the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis in the Korean Context
Evolutionary Human Sciences (2020), 2, e12, page 1 of 18 doi:10.1017/ehs.2020.13 RESEARCH ARTICLE Millet vs rice: an evaluation of the farming/language dispersal hypothesis in the Korean context Jangsuk Kim1* and Jinho Park2 1Department of Archaeology and Art History, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea and 2Department of Korean Language and Literature, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The ‘farming/language dispersal hypothesis’ was originally developed to explain the spread of the Neolithic economy and material culture into Europe. Recently, this hypothesis has been applied towards explaining the dispersal and divergence of East Asian languages. However, interpretations depend on what prehistoric cultivar is chosen by linguists as having been related with the spread of language. In under- standing the appearance of the proto-Koreanic and proto-Japonic languages in Korea, millet and rice, which appeared in Korea around 3500 and 1300 BCE, respectively, have been emphasized by linguists. We assess these linguistic arguments. We first review how European archaeologists have understood the spread of farming into Europe, where the farming/language dispersal hypothesis was originally devel- oped, and how archaeology has wrestled with the issues of diffusion and migration. Then we move on to evaluating linguistic hypotheses about the dispersal and split of proto-Koreanic and proto-Japonic. Our evaluation of the ‘millet hypothesis’ and the ‘rice hypothesis’ suggests that rice is a more plausible candidate for explaining the dispersal of proto-Koreanic to Korea. Meanwhile, viewing the introduction of slender daggers to Korea as another dispersal of language to Korea needs more scrutiny.
[Show full text]
SILLA KOREA and the SILK ROAD GOLDEN AGE, GOLDEN THREADS COPYRIGHT ©2006 the Korea Society All Rights Reserved
SILLA KOREA AND THE SILK ROAD GOLDEN AGE, GOLDEN THREADS COPYRIGHT ©2006 The Korea Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without written permission from the publisher except in the context of reviews. ISBN # 0-9729704-1-X Project director: Yong Jin Choi Consultants: Jong-wook Lee, Bangryong Park, Richard D. McBride, II, Gari Ledyard and Ned Shultz Curriculum writers: Marjorie Wall Bingham and Yong Jin Choi Editor: Frederick F. Carriere Editorial assistants: Rebecca Brabant, Grace Chon, Delmas Hare, Jennifer Kim and Louis Wittig Mini lesson writer: Ane Lintvedt Graphic designer/ Illustrator: Seho Kim Book design: Seho Kim (Cover) Gold crown ornament from Kumgwan Tumulus, Kyongju, 5th century CE Photo Credit: Reproduced by permission of the Kyongju National Museum of Korea. (Back cover) Gold crown from Kumgwan Tumulus, Kyongju, 5th century CE Photo Credit: Reproduced by permission of the Kyongju National Museum of Korea. (Right page) Photo caption and credit– Sword hilt, gold, Silla period; 5th–6th century Reproduced by permission of the Samsung Foundation of Culture. Grateful acknowledgement is made to the friends of The Korea Society, The Freeman Foundation and The Academy of Korean Studies for their support. We also are grateful to the organiza- tions and individuals who provided images for this publication. This publication has been made possible by the generous fi- nancial support of the northeast asian history foundation. Table of Contents Introduction iv I. Was Silla Part of the Silk Road? A. WHY STUDY SILLA? A CASE STUDY IN CREATIVITY Handout 1 1 B. A COMPARATIVE TIMELINE Handout 2 8 C.
[Show full text]
Korea's Prehistoric Past
KOREA’S PREHISTORIC PAST Marinus Anthony van der Sluijs ( [email protected] ) first published in The East Asian Monthly Business Newspaper , 9 (2008), 24-25 As a rule, visitors to England or Ireland are well aware of the impressive prehistoric treasures these countries have to offer and an excursion to Stonehenge or Newgrange is frequently on tourists’ agendas. It is clear that Korea does not have any Stone Age monuments to match these famous places, yet there are plenty of traces of Korea’s distant past that receive perhaps less attention than they deserve. Pictograms and petroglyphs are two types of rock art decorating millions of stones in almost all countries on earth, often in remote places such as deserts and mountains. Carved images known as ‘petroglyphs’ (암각화) were carved since the Neolithic or Late Stone Age and are firmly on the tourist radar in places such as the southwestern United States of America, Hawai‘i, and Australia. Few people are aware that the Korean peninsula, too, has its share of petroglyphs, all dating to the Neolithic period. At Bangudae, close to Eonyang (Gyeongsangbuk-do), a single rock panel features some 290 drawings, including hunters, fishermen, deer, tigers, pigs and what archaeologists believe are hunting tools. Nowadays, the rock can only be seen at times of drought, as the construction of the Sayon Dam has caused it to be submerged most of the time. A popular place for Korean primary school trips, not too far from Bangudae, is Cheonjeon-ri, where another panel is filled with a mix of pictures of antlered animals and abstract, geometric images such as concentric circles, spirals and joined lozenges.
[Show full text]
The Mobilisation of History and Archaeology in the Korea-China Wars Over Koguryo/Gaogouli
Volume 4 | Issue 2 | Article ID 1837 | Feb 16, 2006 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Competing Nationalisms: The mobilisation of history and archaeology in the Korea-China wars over Koguryo/Gaogouli Yonson Ahn Competing Nationalisms: The mobilisation debate between China and Korea. It concerns of history and archaeology in the Korea- the history and heritage of Koguryo/Gaogouli China wars over Koguryo/Gaogouli (37BC-AD668) [1], which is often referred to as one of the ancient Three Kingdoms of Korea, By Yonson Ahn along with Paekche and Silla. Koguryo/Gaogouli encompassed a vast area Abstract: This article explores how and why from central Manchuria to south of Seoul at the history and archaeology have been mobilised height of its power, around the fifth century and utilised in nationalist projects in East Asia, (Im Ki-hwan 2004: 98). especially in the case of the Koguryo dispute between Korea and China. Koguryo (Korean)/Gaogouli (Chinese), an ancient kingdom in the period between 37 BC and AD 668, encompassed a vast area from central Manchuria to south of Seoul. According to the “Northeast Project”, launched in China in 2002, Gaogouli was an ethnic regime in an ancient Chinese province. In contrast, Korean historians of nationalist persuasion view Koguryo as an ancestral state of the Korean historical tradition and a foundation of the national identity. Unity, continuity and coherence are claimed in both communities through invoking the history and culture of Koguryo/Gaogouli. Koguryo/Gaogouli relics which were put on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2004 are pivotal in the contestation between China and Korea.
[Show full text]
02 Æ¯Áý05 Ilhong Ko
New Perspectives in Korean Funerary Archaeology1 Ko Ilhong Korean funerary archaeology in the last decade has witnessed the emergence of new interpretative approaches and methodological applications to burial contexts. This paper will consider some of the new and more notable research directions in Korean funerary studies. They include the understanding of burial contexts as a place of ritual practice, the interpretation of burials as a means of social reproduction, and the use of new units of analysis in the study of burial contexts. It is suggested that these new research trends also provide insight into the more general theoretical and methodological developments taking place within Korean archaeology, which include new perceptions of society and the archaeological record, as well as a diversification of units of analysis. Keywords: funerary archaeology, burial contexts, ritual practice, social reproduction, units of analysis 1. Introduction The study of burial remains in Korean archaeology has played a key role in structuring the nature of the discipline. Not only do burials represent and indeed provide, through their grave goods, the main source of archaeological evidence for many of the periods throughout Korea’s prehistory and history, they are also “one of the most formal and carefully prepared deposits that archaeologists encounter” (Parker Pearson 1999:5). And as death occurs among us regardless of time or place, rank or religion, the meanings and expressions embedded within mortuary practices are as diverse (Chapman and Randsborg 1981), 1. This work was supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (KRF-2007-361-AL0016). The Review of Korean Studies Volume 12 Number 2 (June 2009) : 101-121 © 2009 by the Academy of Korean Studies.
[Show full text]