Comparative Midrib Anatomy of Monodora Dunal
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Plants of the Annonaceae Traditionally Used As Antimalarials: a Review1
315 PLANTS OF THE ANNONACEAE TRADITIONALLY USED AS ANTIMALARIALS: A REVIEW1 GINA FRAUSIN2 , RENATA BRAGA SOUZA LIMA3, ARI DE FREITAS HIDALGO4, PAUL MAAS5, ADRIAN MARTIN POHLIT6 ABSTRACT- Species of the Annonaceae family are used all over the tropics in traditional medicine in tropical regions for the treatment of malaria and other illnesses. Phytochemical studies of this family have revealed chemical components which could offer new alternatives for the treatment and control of malaria. Searches in scientific reference sites (SciFinder Scholar, Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect and ISI Web of Science) and a bibliographic literature search for species of Annonaceae used traditionally to treat malaria and fever were carried out. This family contains 2,100 species in 123 genera. We encountered 113 articles reporting medicinal use of one or more species of this family including 63 species in 27 genera with uses as antimalarials and febrifuges. Even though the same species of Annonaceae are used by diverse ethnic groups, different plant parts are often chosen for applications, and diverse methods of preparation and treatment are used. The ethanol extracts of Polyalthia debilis and Xylopia aromatica proved to be quite active against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro (median inhibition concentration, IC50 < 1.5 µg/mL). Intraperitoneal injection of Annickia chlorantha aqueous extracts (cited as Enantia chlorantha) cleared chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis from the blood of mice in a dose-dependant manner. More phytochemical profiles of Annonaceous species are required; especially information on the more commonly distributed antimalarial compounds in this family. Index terms: Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis. PLANTAS DA FAMILIA ANNONACEAE TRADICIONALMENTE USADAS COMO ANTIMALÁRICOS: UMA REVISÃO RESUMO- Espécies da família Annonaceae têm amplo uso na medicina tradicional em regiões tropicais para o tratamento da malária e de sintomas como febres, dentre outras doenças. -
With Two New Species of Shrub from the Forests of the Udzungwas, Tanzania & Kaya
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.14.444227; this version posted May 17, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Lukea gen. nov. (Monodoreae-Annonaceae) with two new species of shrub from the forests of the Udzungwas, Tanzania & Kaya Ribe, Kenya. Martin Cheek1, W.R. Quentin Luke2 & George Gosline1. 1Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK 2East African Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658, Nairobi, Kenya. Summary. A new genus, Lukea Gosline & Cheek (Annonaceae), is erected for two new species to science, Lukea quentinii Cheek & Gosline from Kaya Ribe, S.E. Kenya, and Lukea triciae Cheek & Gosline from the Udzungwa Mts, Tanzania. Lukea is characterised by a flattened circular bowl-shaped receptacle-calyx with a corolla of three petals that give the buds and flowers a unique appearance in African Annonaceae. Both species are extremely rare shrubs of small surviving areas of lowland evergreen forest under threat of habitat degradation and destruction and are provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered and Endangered respectively using the IUCN 2012 standard. Both species are illustrated and mapped. Material of the two species had formerly been considered to be possibly Uvariopsis Engl. & Diels, and the genus Lukea is placed in the Uvariopsis clade of the Monodoreae (consisting of the African genera Uvariodendron (Engl. & Diels) R.E.Fries, Uvariopsis, Mischogyne Exell, Dennettia Bak.f., and Monocyclanthus Keay). -
Early Floral Developmental Studies in Annonaceae
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Biosystematics and Ecology Jahr/Year: 1996 Band/Volume: 10 Autor(en)/Author(s): Leins Peter, Erbar Claudia Artikel/Article: Early floral developmental studies in Annonaceae. In: Reproductive Morphology in Annonaceae. 1-28 Early floral developmental©Akademie d. Wissenschaften studies Wien; download in unter Annonaceae www.biologiezentrum.at Peter LEINS and Claudia Erba r Abstract: In theAnnonaceae the perianth mostly consists of three trimerous whorls, with a slight tendency to a spiral sequence of their members. The androecium and the gynoecium are variable in the number of their organs (high polymery to low, fixed numbers). In this study the early development of polymerous androecia is investigated Artabotrysin hexapetalus andAnnona montana. In these species the androecia begin their development with six stamens in the comers of a hexagonal floral apex. This early developmental pattem resembles that in someAristolochiaceae andAlismatales. Not only in this respect but also because of other important features theAnnonaceae may be regarded as closely related to these two groups, but as more archaic. The carpels in the mostly choricarpous gynoecia areconduplicate (not peltate) or very rarely (Cananga) slightly peltate. The gynoecium ofMonodora consists of a single, clearly peltate carpel with a very peculiar laminal placentation (the ovules are inserted in seven double rows). This unusual condition can be interpreted as the expression sequentialof two genetical programs during development: the program for a single carpel and that for a pluricarpellate gynoecium(Simulation of a syncarpous gynoecium). Introduction - Morphology of the adult flowers The familiy Annonaceae, with about 130 genera and 2300 species by far the largest family of the Magnoliales, makes up about three-fourths of the order (CRONQUIST 1981). -
Roy Emile Gereau, Born 5 December L947, Rock Island, Illinois, U.S.A
CURRICULUM VITAE Personal: Roy Emile Gereau, born 5 December l947, Rock Island, Illinois, U.S.A. Education and Degrees: B.A., mathematics and French, University of Iowa, l969 (graduation with Highest Distinction); B.S., forestry, Michigan Technological University, l975 (graduation with Highest Distinction); M.S., biological sciences, Michigan Technological University, l978 (graduation with Highest Distinction); enrolled in Ph.D. program at Michigan State University, 1978, successfully completed all course work, 1981. Professional and Scholastic Positions: Teaching Assistant, Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Michigan Technological University, l975-l977; Instructor, Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Michigan Technological University, l977-l978; Instructor, Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, summer terms l977 and l978 (vascular plant taxonomy); Teaching Assistant, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, spring terms l979 and l98l; Herbarium Assistant, Beal-Darlington Herbarium, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, l978-l983; Curatorial Assistant, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, l983-2005; Assistant Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, April 2005-present. Editorial Positions: Consulting Editor, Novon; Member of Editorial Committee, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden; Member of Reviewer Panel, African Journal of Ecology Awards: Sigma Xi Grant-in-Aid of Research, l979; National -
Revision and New Species of the African Genus Mischogyne (Annonaceae)
This is a repository copy of Revision and new species of the African genus Mischogyne (Annonaceae). White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/140419/ Version: Published Version Article: Gosline, George, Marshall, Andrew Robert orcid.org/0000-0003-4877-1018 and Larridon, Isabel (2019) Revision and new species of the African genus Mischogyne (Annonaceae). Kew Bulletin. ISSN 0075-5974 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9804-7 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ KEW BULLETIN (2019) 74:28 ISSN: 0075-5974 (print) DOI 10.1007/S12225-019-9804-7 ISSN: 1874-933X (electronic) Revision and new species of the African genus Mischogyne (Annonaceae) George Gosline1 , Andrew R. Marshall2,3,4 & Isabel Larridon1,5 Summary. Mischogyne (Annonaceae, tribe Monodoreae) is a genus of small- to medium-sized tropical trees and shrubs. It is characterised by a combination of: (1) stamens and carpels on a more or less extended torus; (2) carpels divergent from each other at the apex of the torus above the anthers; (3) anthers linear and anther connectives not expanded above the thecae; (4) inflorescences extra-axillary (or sometimes terminal in M. -
Tentative Determination Key to 600 Trees, Shrubs And
582.5/.9.081.32:581.45:581.821,2(666.£ MEDEDELINGEN LANDBOUWHOGESCHOOL WAGENINGEN • NEDERLAND • 72-18 (1972) TENTATIVE DETERMINATION KEY TO 600 TREES, SHRUBS AND CLIMBERS FROM THE IVORY COAST, AFRICA, MAINLY BASED ON CHARACTERS OF THE LIVING BARK, BESIDES THE RHYTIDOME AND THE LEAF I. LARGE TREES R. W. DEN OUTER Department of Botany, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Received1-11-1972) H. VEENMAN &ZONE N N.V. - WAGENINGEN - 1972 CONTENTS 1. Introduction and acknowledgements 1 2. Methods 2 3. Glossary of terms used 3 4. Key I, large trees 10 5. Leaf descriptions of large trees 19 6. List of all species considered in alphabetical order, according to family 58 7. References 73 1. INTRODUCTION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All the species dealt with in this study were collected in the Ivory Coast, Africa by VERSTEEGH and DEN OUTER in 1969. Although most collecting areas are near the main roads, a sufficient allround impression of the forest situation could be obtained because smaller or larger forested areas are often within reach of the road. Only those trees, shrubs and climbers which were flowering or fruiting in secondary forest-areas, mangrove and the savanna were examined. A few were collected in old plantations. One of the reasons to make the collection was to prepare a determination key kept as simple as possible, based on field characters and particularly those of the bark. The total number of considered species is 593, viz.: 144 trees with a dbh of more than 25 cm, 180 trees with a dbh of less than 25 cm, 152 shrubs and 117 climbers. -
The Biodiversity of Atewa Forest
The Biodiversity of Atewa Forest Research Report The Biodiversity of Atewa Forest Research Report January 2019 Authors: Jeremy Lindsell1, Ransford Agyei2, Daryl Bosu2, Jan Decher3, William Hawthorne4, Cicely Marshall5, Caleb Ofori-Boateng6 & Mark-Oliver Rödel7 1 A Rocha International, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke St, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK 2 A Rocha Ghana, P.O. Box KN 3480, Kaneshie, Accra, Ghana 3 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum A. Koenig (ZFMK), Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany 4 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK 5 Department ofPlant Sciences, University ofCambridge,Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK 6 CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Kumasi, Ghana and Herp Conservation Ghana, Ghana 7 Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany Cover images: Atewa Forest tree with epiphytes by Jeremy Lindsell and Blue-moustached Bee-eater Merops mentalis by David Monticelli. Contents Summary...................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Recent history of Atewa Forest................................................................................................................................... 9 Current threats -
Flora 4.34MB
Baseline Vegetation and Flora Assessment, Yaligimba Concession, Feronia, DRC. Prepared by Leigh-Ann de Wet (M.Sc., Pri. Sci. Nat) For Digby Wells and Associates (International) Limited (Subsidiary of Digby Wells & Associates (Pty) Ltd) November 2015 LD Biodiversity Consulting Biodiversity Assessments, Baseline surveys and Impact Assessments and Integrated Management Solutions. www.ldbiodiversity.co.za [email protected] 083 352 1936 LD Biodiversity Consulting i Yaligimba Concession, Feronia This report should be cited as: L. de Wet (2014). Baseline Vegetation and Flora Assessment, Yaligimba Concession, Feronia, DRC. LD Biodiversity Consulting. Appointment of Specialist Leigh-Ann de Wet (LD Biodiversity Consulting) was commissioned by Digby Wells and Associates (International) Limited (Subsidiary of Digby Wells & Associates (Pty) Ltd) to undertake a vegetation and flora assessment along High Conservation Value Assessment goals (HCVRN 2014). Terms of reference were to review all information available on vegetation and flora of the region, as well as applying knowledge gained from a further brief site visit. Determinations of possible impacts associated with the existing plantation as well comments on High Conservation Value were also required. Details of Specialist Leigh-Ann de Wet LD Biodiversity Consulting Telephone: 083 352 1936 e-mail: [email protected] Expertise of the specialist M.Sc. in Botany from Rhodes University. Registered Professional Natural Scientist with the South African Council for Natural Scientific Professionals (Ecological Science). Registered with RSPO as a certified High Conservation Value Assessor (Plants), since 2011. Founded LD Biodiversity Consulting in 2014. Ecological Consultant since 2009. Conducted, or have been involved in over 100 Ecological Impact Assessments, Baseline surveys, Biodiversity Action Plans and Offset Plans throughout Africa. -
Revealing the Secrets of African Annonaceae : Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Syncarpous Genera Isolona and Monod
Revealing the Secrets of African Annonaceae Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Syncarpous Genera Isolona and Monodora Thomas L.P. Couvreur Promotor: Prof.dr. Marc S.M. Sosef Hoogleraar Biosystematiek Wageningen Universiteit Co-promotoren: Dr. James E. Richardson Higher Scientific Officer, Tropical Botany Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, United Kingdom Dr. Lars W. Chatrou Universitair Docent, leerstoelgroep Biosystematiek Wageningen Universiteit Promotiecommissie: Prof.dr.ir. Jaap Bakker (Wageningen Universiteit) Prof.dr. Erik F. Smets (Universiteit Leiden) Prof.dr. Paul J.M. Maas (Universiteit Utrecht) Prof.dr. David Johnson (Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, USA) Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd binnen de onderzoekschool Biodiversiteit Revealing the Secrets of African Annonaceae Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Syncarpous Genera Isolona and Monodora Thomas L.P. Couvreur Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit Prof.dr. M.J. Kropff in het openbaar te verdedigen op maandag 21 april 2008 des namiddags te vier uur in de Aula Thomas L.P. Couvreur (2008) Revealing the Secrets of African Annonaceae: Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Syncarpous Genera Isolona and Monodora PhD thesis Wageningen University, The Netherlands With references – with summaries in English and Dutch. ISBN 978-90-8504-924-1 to my parents Contents CHAPTER 1: General Introduction 1 CHAPTER 2: Substitution Rate Prior Influences Posterior Mapping of Discrete Morphological -
Managing Agrodiversity the Traditional
Managing agrodiversity the traditional way This book presents part of the findings of the international project “People, Land Management, and Environmental Change”, which was initiated in 1992 by the United Nations University. From 1998 to 2002, the project was supported by the Global Environment Facility with the United Nations Environment Programme as Implementing Agency and the United Nations University as Executing Agency. The views expressed in this book are entirely those of the respective authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Global Environment Facility, the United Nations Environment Programme, and the United Nations University. Managing agrodiversity the traditional way: Lessons from West Africa in sustainable use of biodiversity and related natural resources Edited by Edwin A. Gyasi, Gordana Kranjac-Berisavljevic, Essie T. Blay, and William Oduro © United Nations University, 2004 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations University. United Nations University Press The United Nations University, 53-70, Jingumae 5-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8925, Japan Tel: ϩ81-3-3499-2811 Fax: ϩ81-3-3406-7345 E-mail: [email protected] (general enquiries): [email protected] www.unu.edu United Nations University Office at the United Nations, New York 2 United Nations Plaza, Room DC2-2062, New York, NY 10017, USA Tel: ϩ1-212-963-6387 Fax: ϩ1-212-371-9454 E-mail: [email protected] United Nations University Press is the publishing division of the United Nations University. Cover design by Rebecca S. Neimark, Twenty-Six Letters Printed in the United States of America UNUP-1098 ISBN 92-808-1098-7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Managing agrodiversity the traditional way : lessons from West Africa in sustainable use of biodiversity and related natural resources / edited by Edwin A. -
Angiosperms) Julien Massoni1*, Thomas LP Couvreur2,3 and Hervé Sauquet1
Massoni et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2015) 15:49 DOI 10.1186/s12862-015-0320-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Five major shifts of diversification through the long evolutionary history of Magnoliidae (angiosperms) Julien Massoni1*, Thomas LP Couvreur2,3 and Hervé Sauquet1 Abstract Background: With 10,000 species, Magnoliidae are the largest clade of flowering plants outside monocots and eudicots. Despite an ancient and rich fossil history, the tempo and mode of diversification of Magnoliidae remain poorly known. Using a molecular data set of 12 markers and 220 species (representing >75% of genera in Magnoliidae) and six robust, internal fossil age constraints, we estimate divergence times and significant shifts of diversification across the clade. In addition, we test the sensitivity of magnoliid divergence times to the choice of relaxed clock model and various maximum age constraints for the angiosperms. Results: Compared with previous work, our study tends to push back in time the age of the crown node of Magnoliidae (178.78-126.82 million years, Myr), and of the four orders, Canellales (143.18-125.90 Myr), Piperales (158.11-88.15 Myr), Laurales (165.62-112.05 Myr), and Magnoliales (164.09-114.75 Myr). Although families vary in crown ages, Magnoliidae appear to have diversified into most extant families by the end of the Cretaceous. The strongly imbalanced distribution of extant diversity within Magnoliidae appears to be best explained by models of diversification with 6 to 13 shifts in net diversification rates. Significant increases are inferred within Piperaceae and Annonaceae, while the low species richness of Calycanthaceae, Degeneriaceae, and Himantandraceae appears to be the result of decreases in both speciation and extinction rates. -
Botanic Gardens, Endangered Trees and Reforestation in Africa
Botanic gardens, endangered trees and reforestation in Africa Project report for the Rufford Foundation January 2011 Botanic gardens, endangered trees and reforestation in Africa Table of Contents Acknowledgements: ...................................................................................................................... 3 Section 1. Overview ....................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 The loss of African forests .................................................................................................... 5 1.3 African trees under threat...................................................................................................... 6 1.4 The role of botanic gardens................................................................................................... 7 1.5 African botanic gardens and tree conservation ..................................................................... 8 1.6 Tree planting and carbon sequestration ............................................................................. 10 1.7 REDD ................................................................................................................................. 11 Section 2. Country information ................................................................................................. 14 2.1. Democratic