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Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 313-321

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Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 313-321 Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 313-321. 2012. *pdf effectively published online 26November2012 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) Studes in lichens and lichenicolous fungi – no. 16 1 2 JAMES C. LENDEMER AND RICHARD C. HARRIS ABSTRACT. – The type material of Bacidia leucampyx was examined and the name found to be conspecific with B. schweinitzii. It is formally placed in synonymy with B. schweinitzii. Examination of the type and original material of Pertusaria shenandoensis revealed the name is based on immature specimens of Pertusaria plittiana. The chemical variability of P. plittiana is discussed and the name P. shenandoensis is placed in synonymy with P. plittiana. The following taxa are reported for the first time from North America: Arthonia colombiana (on Cladonia species from Maine, U.S.A. and Quebec, Canada), A. coronata (on Cladonia digitata, Flavoparmelia caperata, and Parmeliopsis hyperopta in Maine, U.S.A. and Quebec, Canada), and Rosellinula haplospora (on Aspicilia cinerea from the Yukon Territory, Canada). INTRODUCTION During the course of routine organizational work in the herbarium of The New York Botanical Garden (NY) in 2012 we uncovered new information relating to two poorly understood and overlooked names of lichens described from eastern North America: Bacidia leucampyx (Tuck.) Dodge and Pertusaria shenandoensis Dibben. Review of the literature and loans of material from other herbaria allowed us to finally resolve the identity of these names. We present the results of our findings in the present contribution, which continues the series which ended last with the publication of Knudsen et al. (2011). In addition to the resolution of two little used names we report three lichenicolous fungi for the first time from North America, based on material collected during recent fieldwork. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study is based primarily on specimens collected by the authors and deposited in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden (NY). In addition to this material, specimens were borrowed on loan from DUKE, FH, HBG and US. Chemical and morphological investigations were carried out using the methods outlined in detail by Lendemer et al. (2008). TAXONOMIC SECTION 1. Arthonia colombiana Etayo, Bibliotheca Lichenologica 84: 23. 2002. TYPE: COLOMBIA: Nariño, Pasto, Serranía de Morasurco, 3000-3300 m, en Cladonia sp, 25.vii.1998, J. Etayo 15934 (COL[n.v.], holotype; hb. Etayo[n.v.], isotype). DISCUSSION. – The lichenicolous species Arthonia colombiana (fig. 1) is here reported for the first time from North America. It is the only lichenicolous Arthonia with orange ascomatal pigment (KOH+ red purple) reported to occur on Cladonia squamules. The ascospores are 1-septate, soon becoming dark and warted, and 13-16 x 5-6 µm in size (12-15 x 4.5-5.5 µm fide Etayo (2002)). In North American material the ascomata are orangish to dark brown and the host squamules appear bleached around the ascomata apparently due to the death of the Cladonia photobiont and replacement by scattered filaments of 1 JAMES C. LENDEMER – Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx NY 10458-5126, U.S.A. – e-mail: [email protected] 2 RICHARD C. HARRIS – Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx NY 10458- 5126, U.S.A. – e-mail: [email protected] 313 Figure 1, Arthonia colombiana (Buck 53854: A and B; Harris 57525: A[inset], C and D). A-B, infection on podetia (A) and squamule (B) of a host thallus of Cladonia squamosa, note the yellowish-orange discoloration around the apothecia where A. colombiana appears to form a thallus. A[inset], ascospores. C- D, cross section of apothecium mounted in water (C) and then flooded with KOH (D). Scales = 0.25 mm: A and B; 100 μm: C and D; 20 μm A[inset]. Trentepohlia. Scottish material of this taxon was also found to be associated with Trentepohlia and as such A. colombiana was proposed to be a “lichenicolous lichen” by Coppins and Aptroot (2009). Arthonia colombiana was described from unidentified Cladonia species occurring at high elevations in Colombia (Etayo 2002). It has also been reported from Scotland where it was found on C. pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. and C. squamosa Hoffm. (Coppins & Aptroot 2009). The North American populations we have encountered are most commonly on C. squamosa, although the species has also been found on C. ochrochlora Flörke. Based on the available material, and the previous literature reports, it appears that this species has an oceanic distribution in the Northern Hemisphere (e.g., Clerc & May 2007, Degelius 1935, Jørgensen 1996). Specimens examined. – CANADA. QUEBEC. M.R.C. DE LA HAUTE-GASPÉSIE: Parc national de la Gaspésie, along Sentier de la Grande Traversée Ouest, from parking for Chute Sainte-Anne to ca. 1.5 km along Rivière Sainte-Anne, Thuja-Abies balsamea forest along river, 4.vii.2012, on Cladonia squamosa, R.C. Harris 57651 (NY). U.S.A. MAINE. HANCOCK CO.: Rt. 182, west of Rt. 1, trail to Tunk Mountain, near Salmon Pond and Mud Pond, Acer rubrum, Picea rubens, Tsuga canadensis, 97 m, 1.ix.2001, on C. squamosa, M.S. Cole 9254 & D. Hawksworth (NY). WASHINGTON CO.: Town of Beals, Great Wass Island Preserve, Picea rubens-Abies balsamea coastal forest, 29.vi.2012, on C. squamosa, R.C. Harris 57522 (NY), on C. ochrochlora, R.C. Harris 57525 (NY); Town of Cutler, Cutler Public Reserve Land, Coastal Trail, SE of ME 191, ca. 3 mi NE of village of Cutler, mixed conifer-hardwood forest, 4.vii.2008, on C. squamosa, W.R. Buck 53854 (NY). 314 Figure 2, Arthonia coronata on Parmeliopsis hyperopta (all from Harris 57546). A-B, infection developed on soralia of the host thallus. C, squash mount of apothecium and associated thallus tissue from the host. D, asci, ascospores, fragmented spines mounted in IKI. Scales = 0.25 mm: A and B; 100 μm: C; 20 μm: D. 2. Arthonia coronata Etayo, Bull. Soc. Linn. Provence 47: 95. 1996. TYPE: FRANCE: Fôret Communale de St.-Pée-sur-Nivelle, St.-Pée, 6.iii.1994, sobre F. caperata en viejos robles de fonde de valle, J. Etayo 12603 (MA-Lich[n.v.], holotype; hb. Etayo[n.v.], isotype). DISCUSSION. – Arthonia coronata (fig. 2), a distinctly odd lichenicolous fungus, is here newly reported for North American. The species is immediately recognizable by the black ascomata bristling with short brown setae and by growing among the soredia of various host lichens. The ascospores are 1-septate, colorless to pale brown, and 11-14 x 3.5-5 µm in size (Etayo 1996). Etayo (1996) discussed the possibility that A. coronata may not be correctly placed in Arthonia which seems probable since the setose ascomata are unique. It is tempting to speculate that the setae serve to anchor the ascomata to the highly unstable soredia. Arthonia coronata was described from the soralia of Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale and the two collections from Maine are also on this host. Etayo (1996) reported it from France, Spain and the Canary Islands (Gomera). It has since been found in Scotland on Cladonia ochrochlora Flörke and C. subulata (L.) F. H. Wigg. (Coppins & Aptroot 2009). The specimens from Quebec that we have examined were found on C. digitata (L.) Hoffm. and the soralia of Parmeliopsis hyperopta (Ach.) Arnold. The only unifying theme as regards host taxa seems to be the production of soredia. As is the case for A. colombiana reported above, based on the available data A. coronata appears to have an oceanic distribution in the Northern Hemisphere. Specimens examined. – CANADA. QUEBEC. M.R.C. DE LA HAUTE-GASPÉSIE: Parc national de la Gaspésie, Sentier du Mont-Olivine, from parking area to slopes of Mont Olivine, coniferous forest, 2.vii.2012, on Cladonia digitata, R.C. Harris 57534 (NY), on soralia of Parmeliopsis hyperopta, 315 Figure 3, lectotype material of Biatora leucampyx (Bumstead s.n., FH-TUCK!). A-B, morphology of the thallus. C-E, detail of the morphology of the apothecia, including one apothecium (E) with a pruinose margin. F, section of an apothecium mounted in water. Scales: 2.0 mm: A; 1.0 mm: B; 0.25 mm: C-E; 200 μm: F. 316 R.C. Harris 57546 (NY). U.S.A. MAINE. HANCOCK CO.: Township of T9 SD, Donnell Pond Maine Public Reserved Lands, Black Mountain Trail from Schoodic Beach parking area, wet conifer forest, 25.vi.2012, on soralia of Flavoparmelia caperata, R.C. Harris 57444 (NY). WALDO CO.: Town of Lincolnville, Ducktrap River Preserve, ca. 4 mi NE of Lincolnville Center on ME 52, hardwood floodplain forest, 28.v.2009, on soralia of F. caperata, R.C. Harris 55505 (NY). 3. Bacidia schweinitzii (Fr. ex. Tuck.) A. Schneid., Guide Study Lich., p. 110. 1898. Biatora schweinitzii Fr. ex Tuck. in Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, ed. 3, p. 447. 1853. TYPE: U.S.A. PENNSYLVANIA. CHESTER CO.: sine loc., on trunks, sine date, E. Michener s.n. [Michener’s Lichens, book 5, pg. 7, no. 126] (BPI[n.v.], lectotype [selected by Ekman (1996)]). Biatora luteola var. schweinitzii (Fr. ex Tuck.) Tuck., Gen Lich., p. 166. 1872. Syn. nov. Biatora leucampyx Tuck., Syn. N. Amer. Lich., 2: 47. 1888. TYPE: U.S.A. MASSACHUSETTS. [WITHOUT COUNTY]: “Berkshire”, 1845, W. Bumstead s.n. (FH-TUCK 2872 [HUH-BARCODE 00197667]!, lectotype selected here). Bacidia leucampyx (Tuck.) Dodge, Rhodora, 28: 160. 1926. DISCUSSION. – While organizing our reprint collection we came across a publication by C.W. Dodge documenting the lichens of the Gaspe Peninsula in Quebec, Canada (Dodge 1926). In reading this publication we discovered that Dodge had proposed the new combination Bacidia leucampyx for the name Biatora leucampyx. Since we were unfamiliar with both of these names we searched for them in Index Fungorum and on the checklist of North American lichens (Esslinger 2011), both without success.
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