A Glimpse Into Genetic Diversity and Symbiont Interaction Patterns in Lichen Communities from Areas with Different Disturbance Histories in Białowie˙Zaforest, Poland
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The Lichens' Microbiota, Still a Mystery?
fmicb-12-623839 March 24, 2021 Time: 15:25 # 1 REVIEW published: 30 March 2021 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.623839 The Lichens’ Microbiota, Still a Mystery? Maria Grimm1*, Martin Grube2, Ulf Schiefelbein3, Daniela Zühlke1, Jörg Bernhardt1 and Katharina Riedel1 1 Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, 2 Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Graz, Austria, 3 Botanical Garden, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany Lichens represent self-supporting symbioses, which occur in a wide range of terrestrial habitats and which contribute significantly to mineral cycling and energy flow at a global scale. Lichens usually grow much slower than higher plants. Nevertheless, lichens can contribute substantially to biomass production. This review focuses on the lichen symbiosis in general and especially on the model species Lobaria pulmonaria L. Hoffm., which is a large foliose lichen that occurs worldwide on tree trunks in undisturbed forests with long ecological continuity. In comparison to many other lichens, L. pulmonaria is less tolerant to desiccation and highly sensitive to air pollution. The name- giving mycobiont (belonging to the Ascomycota), provides a protective layer covering a layer of the green-algal photobiont (Dictyochloropsis reticulata) and interspersed cyanobacterial cell clusters (Nostoc spec.). Recently performed metaproteome analyses Edited by: confirm the partition of functions in lichen partnerships. The ample functional diversity Nathalie Connil, Université de Rouen, France of the mycobiont contrasts the predominant function of the photobiont in production Reviewed by: (and secretion) of energy-rich carbohydrates, and the cyanobiont’s contribution by Dirk Benndorf, nitrogen fixation. In addition, high throughput and state-of-the-art metagenomics and Otto von Guericke University community fingerprinting, metatranscriptomics, and MS-based metaproteomics identify Magdeburg, Germany Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki, the bacterial community present on L. -
Cryptic Species and Species Pairs in Lichens: a Discussion on the Relationship Between Molecular Phylogenies and Morphological Characters
cryptic species:07-Cryptic_species 10/12/2009 13:19 Página 71 Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid Vol. 66S1: 71-81, 2009 ISSN: 0211-1322 doi: 10.3989/ajbm.2225 Cryptic species and species pairs in lichens: A discussion on the relationship between molecular phylogenies and morphological characters by Ana Crespo & Sergio Pérez-Ortega Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Resumen Crespo, A. & Pérez-Ortega, S. 2009. Cryptic species and species Crespo, A. & Pérez-Ortega, S. 2009. Especies crípticas y pares de pairs in lichens: A discussion on the relationship between mole- especies en líquenes: una discusión sobre la relación entre la fi- cular phylogenies and morphological characters. Anales Jard. logenia molecular y los caracteres morfológicos. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 66S1: 71-81. Bot. Madrid 66S1: 71-81 (en inglés). As with most disciplines in biology, molecular genetics has re- Como en otras disciplinas, el impacto producido por la filogenia volutionized our understanding of lichenized fungi. Nowhere molecular en el conocimiento de los hongos liquenizados ha has this been more true than in systematics, especially in the de- producido avances y cambios conceptuales importantes. Esto limitation of species. In many cases, molecular research has ve- ha sido especialmente cierto en la sistemática y ha afectado de rified long-standing hypotheses, but in others, results appear to una manera muy notable en aspectos -
Lichenicolous Biota (Nos 201–230)
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Fritschiana Jahr/Year: 2015 Band/Volume: 80 Autor(en)/Author(s): Hafellner Josef Artikel/Article: Lichenicolous Biota (Nos 201-230) 21-41 - 21 - Lichenicolous Biota (Nos 201–230) Josef HAFELLNER* HAFELLNER Josef 2015: Lichenicolous Biota (Nos 201–230). – Frit- schiana (Graz) 80: 21–41. - ISSN 1024-0306. Abstract: The 9th fascicle (30 numbers) of the exsiccata 'Lichenicolous Biota' is published. The issue contains ma- terial of 20 non-lichenized fungal taxa (14 teleomorphs of ascomycetes, 4 anamorphic states of ascomycetes, 2 an- amorphic states of basidiomycetes) and 9 lichenized as- comycetes, including paratype material of Dimelaena li- chenicola K.Knudsen et al. (no 223), Miriquidica invadens Hafellner et al. (no 226, 227), and Stigmidium xantho- parmeliarum Hafellner (no 210). Furthermore, collections of the type species of the following genera are distributed: Illosporiopsis (I. christiansenii), Illosporium (I. carneum), Marchandiomyces (M. corallinus), Marchandiobasidium (M. aurantiacum, sub Erythricium aurantiacum), Micro- calicium (M. disseminatum), Nigropuncta (N. rugulosa), Paralecanographa (P. grumulosa), Phaeopyxis (P. punc- tum), Placocarpus (P. schaereri), Rhagadostoma (R. li- chenicola), and Stigmidium (S. schaereri). *Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften, NAWI Graz, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, AUSTRIA e-mail: [email protected] Introduction The exsiccata 'Lichenicolous Biota' is continued with fascicle 9, containing 30 numbers. The exsiccata covers all lichenicolous biota, i.e., it is open not only to non- lichenized and lichenized fungi, but also to myxomycetes, bacteria, and even animals, whenever they cause a characteristic symptom on their host (e.g. discoloration or galls). -
Global Biodiversity Patterns of the Photobionts Associated with the Genus Cladonia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota)
Microbial Ecology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-020-01633-3 FUNGAL MICROBIOLOGY Global Biodiversity Patterns of the Photobionts Associated with the Genus Cladonia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) Raquel Pino-Bodas1 & Soili Stenroos2 Received: 19 August 2020 /Accepted: 22 October 2020 # The Author(s) 2020 Abstract The diversity of lichen photobionts is not fully known. We studied here the diversity of the photobionts associated with Cladonia, a sub-cosmopolitan genus ecologically important, whose photobionts belong to the green algae genus Asterochloris. The genetic diversity of Asterochloris was screened by using the ITS rDNA and actin type I regions in 223 specimens and 135 species of Cladonia collected all over the world. These data, added to those available in GenBank, were compiled in a dataset of altogether 545 Asterochloris sequences occurring in 172 species of Cladonia. A high diversity of Asterochloris associated with Cladonia was found. The commonest photobiont lineages associated with this genus are A. glomerata, A. italiana,andA. mediterranea. Analyses of partitioned variation were carried out in order to elucidate the relative influence on the photobiont genetic variation of the following factors: mycobiont identity, geographic distribution, climate, and mycobiont phylogeny. The mycobiont identity and climate were found to be the main drivers for the genetic variation of Asterochloris. The geographical distribution of the different Asterochloris lineages was described. Some lineages showed a clear dominance in one or several climatic regions. In addition, the specificity and the selectivity were studied for 18 species of Cladonia. Potentially specialist and generalist species of Cladonia were identified. A correlation was found between the sexual reproduction frequency of the host and the frequency of certain Asterochloris OTUs. -
New Records of Lichens and Allied Fungi from the Kostroma Region, Russia
Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 56: 53–62 (2019) https://doi.org/10.12697/fce.2019.56.06 New records of lichens and allied fungi from the Kostroma Region, Russia Irina Urbanavichene1 & Gennadii Urbanavichus2 1Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Professor Popov Str. 2, 197376 St Petersburg, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Kola Science Centre RAS, Akademgorodok 14a, 184209 Apatity, Murmansk Region, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: 29 species of lichens, 3 non-lichenized calicioid fungi and 3 lichenicolous fungi are reported for the first time from the Kostroma Region. Among them, 15 species are new for the Central Federal District, including Myrionora albidula – a rare species with widely scattered locations, previously known only from the Southern Urals Mts in European Russia. The most important discoveries are confined to old-growth coniferous Picea sp. and Abies sibirica forests in the Kologriv Forest Nature Reserve. Two species (Leptogium burnetiae and Menegazzia terebrata) are included in the Red Data Book of Russian Federation. The distribution, ecology, taxonomic characters and conservation status of rare species and of those new for the Central Federal District are provided. Keywords: Biatora mendax, Myrionora albidula, old-growth forests, southern taiga, Kologriv Forest Reserve, Central European Russia INTRODUCTION The Kostroma Region is a large (60,211 km2), berniya, listing 39 and 54 taxa, respectively. most northeastern part of the Central Federal The recent published additions to the Kostroma District in European Russia situated between lichen flora are from the Kologriv District by Ivanovo, Yaroslavl, Vologda, Kirov and Nizhniy Novgorod regions (Fig. -
Phylogenetic Placement of Botryococcus Braunii (Trebouxiophyceae) and Botryococcus Sudeticus Isolate Utex 2629 (Chlorophyceae)1
J. Phycol. 40, 412–423 (2004) r 2004 Phycological Society of America DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2004.03173.x PHYLOGENETIC PLACEMENT OF BOTRYOCOCCUS BRAUNII (TREBOUXIOPHYCEAE) AND BOTRYOCOCCUS SUDETICUS ISOLATE UTEX 2629 (CHLOROPHYCEAE)1 Hoda H. Senousy, Gordon W. Beakes, and Ethan Hack2 School of Biology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK The phylogenetic placement of four isolates of a potential source of renewable energy in the form of Botryococcus braunii Ku¨tzing and of Botryococcus hydrocarbon fuels (Metzger et al. 1991, Metzger and sudeticus Lemmermann isolate UTEX 2629 was Largeau 1999, Banerjee et al. 2002). The best known investigated using sequences of the nuclear small species is Botryococcus braunii Ku¨tzing. This organism subunit (18S) rRNA gene. The B. braunii isolates has a worldwide distribution in fresh and brackish represent the A (two isolates), B, and L chemical water and is occasionally found in salt water. Although races. One isolate of B. braunii (CCAP 807/1; A race) it grows relatively slowly, it sometimes forms massive has a group I intron at Escherichia coli position 1046 blooms (Metzger et al. 1991, Tyson 1995). Botryococcus and isolate UTEX 2629 has group I introns at E. coli braunii strains differ in the hydrocarbons that they positions 516 and 1512. The rRNA sequences were accumulate, and they have been classified into three aligned with 53 previously reported rRNA se- chemical races, called A, B, and L. Strains in the A race quences from members of the Chlorophyta, includ- accumulate alkadienes; strains in the B race accumulate ing one reported for B. -
Additions to the Lichenized Order Pertusariales (Lichenized Ascomycetes) in Pakistan
Nova Hedwigia, Vol. 111 (2020), Issue 1-2, 219–229 Article Stuttgart, August 2020 Additions to the lichenized order Pertusariales (lichenized Ascomycetes) in Pakistan Kamran Habib1*, Rizwana Zulfiqar1, Abdul Nasir Khalid1 1 Fungal Biology and Systematics Lab, Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan * Corresponding author: [email protected] With 4 figures Abstract: We report three species of Pertusariales (lichenized Ascomycota) from Pakistan. Per- tusaria australis (Pertusariaceae) and Varicellaria hemisphaerica (Ochrolechiaceae) are reported for the first time from Pakistan, while Lepra albescens (Pertusariaceae) is reported for the second time only. The taxonomic characters of each species are given, along with an ITS-based phyloge- netic analysis and notes on ecology and distribution. Pertusaria australis is here being redescribed for the first time after its first description in 1888. Key words: Azad Jammu Kashmir; Neelam Valley; phylogeny; taxonomy Introduction Pertusariales M.Choisy ex D.Hawksw. & O.E.Erikss is a medium-sized order, comprising 24 genera and 907 species of predominantly crustose to subfruticose lichens in six fami- lies (Schmitt et al. 2006, Lücking et al. 2017). The order has a worldwide distribution, occurring in all major ecosystems, colonising bark, wood, rock or soil, or overgrowing bryophytes and other small plants. Its species are characterized by disciform to poriform apothecia, thick-walled asci and generally large ascospores (Schmitt et al. 2006). The chemical composition is diverse, representing different biochemical substance classes which together with the morphological characteristics and anatomical, supporting the delimitation of many taxa, making secondary chemistry an important identification tool (Dibben 1980, Hanko 1983, Hanko et al. -
Taxonomy of Cladonia Angustiloba and Related Species
Taxonomy of Cladonia angustiloba and related species Raquel PINO-BODAS, Ana Rosa BURGAZ, Teuvo AHTI, Soili STENROOS R. Pino-Bodas, Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid, CSIC, Spain, [email protected] A.R. Burgaz, Departamento de Biología Vegetal 1, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain T. Ahti, S. Stenroos, Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland Abstract: The lichen species Cladonia angustiloba is characterized by a well- developed primary thallus, and narrow squamules, which show deep incisions and presence of usnic and fumarprotocetraric acids. Morphologically it is similar to C. foliacea and C. convoluta, from which it can be distiguished by the squamule size and morphology. In this study, the species delimitation within the C. foliacea complex has been studied by sequencing three loci, ITS rDNA, cox1 and rpb2. The data were analyzed by means of phylogenetic and species delimitation methods (GMYC, PTP, ABGD and BPP). Our results show that none of the three species is monophyletic. Most of the species delimitation methods did not support the current species as evolutionary lineages. Only some of the BPP analyses supported that C. angustiloba is a different species from C. foliacea and C. convoluta. However, the hypothesis that considers the C. foliacea complex as constituted by a unique species obtained the best Bayes Factor value. Therefore, C. angustiloba and C. convoluta are synonymized with C. foliacea. A new, thoroughly checked synonymy with typifications of the whole C. foliacea complex is presented. An updated survey of the world distribution data was compiled. Key words: Cladonia, lichens, Macaronesia, molecular systematics, species delimitation Introduction 1 Cladonia is one of the most diverse macrolichen genera, with 470 species recognized at present (Ahti 2017, pers. -
An Assessment of the Use of Conifer Plantations by the Kerry Slug Geomalacus Maculosus with Reference to the Potential Impacts of Forestry Operations
An assessment of the use of conifer plantations by the Kerry Slug Geomalacus maculosus with reference to the potential impacts of forestry operations Irish Wildlife Manuals No. 64 An assessment of the use of conifer plantations by the Kerry Slug (Geomalacus maculosus) with reference to the potential impacts of forestry operations Inga Reich, Kim O’Meara, Rory Mc Donnell and Mike Gormally Applied Ecology Unit, Centre for Environmental Science, School of Natural Sciences, NUI Galway, Ireland. Citation: Reich, I., O’Meara, K., Mc Donnell, R.J. and Gormally, M.J. (2012) An assessment of the use of conifer plantations by the Kerry Slug ( Geomalacus maculosus) with reference to the impact of forestry operations. Irish Wildlife Manual s, No. 64. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Ireland. Keywords: Kerry Slug, Geomalacus maculosus , Mollusca, Arionidae, protected species, conifer plantation, forestry operations, Connemara Cover photo: Kerry slug © Timothy Collins The NPWS Project Officer for this report was: Dr Brian Nelson; [email protected] Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: F. Marnell & N. Kingston © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2012 ISSN 1393 – 6670 Use of conifer plantations by the Kerry Slug ( Geomalacus maculosus) Contents Contents ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Executive Summary...................................................................................................................................... -
Mycosphere Notes 225–274: Types and Other Specimens of Some Genera of Ascomycota
Mycosphere 9(4): 647–754 (2018) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/9/4/3 Copyright © Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Mycosphere Notes 225–274: types and other specimens of some genera of Ascomycota Doilom M1,2,3, Hyde KD2,3,6, Phookamsak R1,2,3, Dai DQ4,, Tang LZ4,14, Hongsanan S5, Chomnunti P6, Boonmee S6, Dayarathne MC6, Li WJ6, Thambugala KM6, Perera RH 6, Daranagama DA6,13, Norphanphoun C6, Konta S6, Dong W6,7, Ertz D8,9, Phillips AJL10, McKenzie EHC11, Vinit K6,7, Ariyawansa HA12, Jones EBG7, Mortimer PE2, Xu JC2,3, Promputtha I1 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand 2 Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China 3 World Agro Forestry Centre, East and Central Asia, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China 4 Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China 5 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China 6 Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand 7 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand 8 Department Research (BT), Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium 9 Direction Générale de l'Enseignement non obligatoire et de la Recherche scientifique, Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Rue A. -
1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska A, , Frank Kauff B,1, Filip Högnabba C, Jeffrey C
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10, Soili Stenroos c,10 a Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0338, USA b FB Biologie, Molecular Phylogenetics, 13/276, TU Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany c Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland d Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 358 ESC, 21 Sachem Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA e Institut für Botanik, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria f Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdan´sk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdan´sk, Poland g Science and Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. -
An Evolving Phylogenetically Based Taxonomy of Lichens and Allied Fungi
Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 4-10. 2012. *pdf available online 3January2012 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) An evolving phylogenetically based taxonomy of lichens and allied fungi 1 BRENDAN P. HODKINSON ABSTRACT. – A taxonomic scheme for lichens and allied fungi that synthesizes scientific knowledge from a variety of sources is presented. The system put forth here is intended both (1) to provide a skeletal outline of the lichens and allied fungi that can be used as a provisional filing and databasing scheme by lichen herbarium/data managers and (2) to announce the online presence of an official taxonomy that will define the scope of the newly formed International Committee for the Nomenclature of Lichens and Allied Fungi (ICNLAF). The online version of the taxonomy presented here will continue to evolve along with our understanding of the organisms. Additionally, the subfamily Fissurinoideae Rivas Plata, Lücking and Lumbsch is elevated to the rank of family as Fissurinaceae. KEYWORDS. – higher-level taxonomy, lichen-forming fungi, lichenized fungi, phylogeny INTRODUCTION Traditionally, lichen herbaria have been arranged alphabetically, a scheme that stands in stark contrast to the phylogenetic scheme used by nearly all vascular plant herbaria. The justification typically given for this practice is that lichen taxonomy is too unstable to establish a reasonable system of classification. However, recent leaps forward in our understanding of the higher-level classification of fungi, driven primarily by the NSF-funded Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life (AFToL) project (Lutzoni et al. 2004), have caused the taxonomy of lichen-forming and allied fungi to increase significantly in stability. This is especially true within the class Lecanoromycetes, the main group of lichen-forming fungi (Miadlikowska et al.