El Pacto Y La Justificación Por La Fe

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El Pacto Y La Justificación Por La Fe UNIVERSIDAD ADVENTISTA DE CHILE Facultad de Teología Teología EL PACTO Y LA JUSTIFICACIÓN POR LA FE TRABAJO FINAL DE CARRERA Presentado en cumplimiento parcial de los requisitos para optar al título de Licenciado en Teología Por: Francisco Caldeira Alves Brilhante Profesor guía: Hector Salazar C. Chillán, Chile, 15 de junio de 2020 RESUMEN En toda la base que se presentó en esta investigación, se puede entender que la Justificación por la fe con el Pacto tanto en el Antiguo Testamento como en el Nuevo Testamento están relacionado en su tiempo, mostrando tal relación de un Dios salvífico, lo cual a mostrado a su pueblo mediante al sacrificio, lo cual se cumpliera en la representación de Cristo. Esta representación era confirmada por la fe mediante al testimonio de Israel con Yahvé, lo cual Yahvé lo confirma mediante a la unidad del pacto, él siempre se mantuvo presente en esa relación mutua. Cada Pacto fue se revelando a lo largo del tiempo de una manera en que la historia se confirma la veracidad de la palabra del Altísimo, para que de esta manera pueda revela la palabra de la verdad con una luz que viene del trono de la gracia, siendo el propio Dios rescatando el ser humano a través de su hijo Jesús, la cual esta verdad va aumentando y confirmando, pues es una verdad que tiene su eficacia. Delante de la comprensión de tal relación que fue mal comprendido por algunos pioneros adventista como por ejemplo: Dan T. Jones, Uriah Smith, R. C. Porter, y George I. Butler, que en este tiempo era presidente de la Conferencia General de los adventistas en el mundo, en el tiempo el Señor con su inmenso amor ha revelado a su pueblo, que la salvación se inicia en el Pacto redentor, Pacto lo cual muestra la eternidad entre Dios Padre e Hijo, lo cual se torno el fundamento principal de la redención para con el ser humano, manifestando la salvación como un don salvífico mediante el amor del Padre y del Hijo (Jn 3:16). ii DEDICATORIA Dedico este trabajo primeramente a Dios ya que sin su ayuda jamás habría logrado terminar mi proceso formativo. A Ricardo Coelho que siempre estuvo presente en mi vida y es un hermano del corazón para mi. Y a todos los profesores que me estuvieron apoyando en este largo periodo de formación pastoral. iii RECONOCIMIENTOS El mayor reconocimiento es para Dios, que en todo tiempo a manifestado su amor y gracia en mi vida, lo cual a cuidado de mí todos estos años poniendo este llamado en mi corazón, después a los amigos profesores de la Facultad de Teología, que nos entregaron herramientas necesarias para cumplir la misión de una manera honesta y fiel delante de Dios, y de la dirección la cual iremos apoyar en la predicación del evangelio, de una manera especial a los orientadores, el profesor Héctor Salazar C. y la profesora Massiel Venegas H, los cuales fueron de suma importancia en este trabajo, pues siempre estaban presentes ayudando en todo lo que necesitaba para llegarnos a la conclusión de esta investigación de una manera clara y coherente basada en la Biblia. iv TABLA DE CONTENIDO LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS UTILIZADAS .................................................................. VII Capítulos 1. INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................ 1 Trasfondo del problema ............................................................................................... 1 Declaración del problema ............................................................................................ 5 Propósito de la investigación ....................................................................................... 7 Importancia o significancia ......................................................................................... 8 Definición de términos ................................................................................................ 9 Limitaciones ................................................................................................................ 9 Delimitaciones ............................................................................................................. 9 Metodología ............................................................................................................... 10 2. EL PACTO Y LA JUSTIFICACIÓN POR LA FE EN LA BIBLIA ............................ 11 Introducción ............................................................................................................... 11 Definición e idea del pacto ........................................................................................ 11 Dios y el Pacto ........................................................................................................... 15 ¿La relación que tiene el nombre de Dios con el pacto? ........................................... 18 Características del Pacto Divino ................................................................................ 19 Los Pactos en el Antiguo Testamento ....................................................................... 20 El Pacto en el momento de la caída ........................................................................... 23 El Pacto en el Sinaí .................................................................................................... 26 Yom Kippur ............................................................................................................... 28 Yom Kippuer ¿La idea central es de juicio mediante al pacto? ............................ 30 La salvación ........................................................................................................... 33 La redención .......................................................................................................... 34 El rescate ................................................................................................................ 35 ἐξαγοράζω .............................................................................................................. 36 La liberación: [ῥύομαι] Ruomai-salvar ................................................................. 37 La liberación: [ἐξαίρω]Exair ô-libertar.................................................................. 38 La liberación: [ἀπαλλάσσω] Apallassô-manumitir ............................................... 39 La reconciliación: Katallassô-reconciliar .............................................................. 39 ¿Quien debe ser convertido en otro, es Dios o el hombre? ................................... 40 ¿Expiar o indultar?: Hilaskomai ............................................................................ 40 La justificación: [δικαιόω] Dikaioô ....................................................................... 44 Resumen del análisis lingüística ................................................................................ 45 v El Pacto en el Nuevo Testamento .............................................................................. 46 Esta idea del Pacto, se puede determina en tres acepciones significativas: ........... 48 Justificación por la fe ................................................................................................. 49 ¿Cuál es la relación del Pacto con la Justificación? .............................................. 52 ¿Puede en el AT apreciarse una relación así y cuál son los alcances teológicos para una construcción del Pacto y la Justicia en el NT? ................................................... 55 Conclusiones del capítulo .......................................................................................... 57 3. JUSTIFICACIÓN POR LA FE Y EL PACTO EN LUTERO Y LA IASD .................. 60 Introducción ............................................................................................................... 60 Martín Lutero, la Justificación por la fe y el Pacto ................................................... 60 ¿En que sentido Jesús logro la justificación del ser humano? ................................... 65 La relación del Pacto con la Justificación por la fe que planteó Martín Lutero ........ 68 La Justificación por la fe y el Pacto en la Iglesia Adventista del Septimo Día ......... 69 ¿Cómo Ellet J. Waggoner relacionó el Pacto con la Justificación por la fe? .......... 103 Uriah Smith, R. C. Porter y Dan Jones hacen oposición al pensamiento de Ellet J. Waggoner y A. T. Jones .......................................................................................... 105 ¿Cómo Elena G. White aclara el tema de Pacto y la Justificación por la fe? .......... 110 George R. Knignt hace un análisis presumidamente erróneo de los posicionamientos de Elena G. White de 1888, lo que defendió Ellet J. Waggoner. ............................ 118 Análisis de la posición a la luz de lo que dijo Elena G. White aquel sábado 8 de marzo, cuando apoyó los pactos, tal como los había presentado Waggoner. .......... 119 Conclusiones del capitulo ........................................................................................ 125 4. CONCLUSIONES ........................................................................................................ 130 Recomendaciones .................................................................................................... 134 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ................................................................................................................ 135 vi LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS UTILIZADAS Cf.: Una abreviatura del latín confer (compare, consulte o confrontar). EGW: The Ellen G. White Estate. IASD: Iglesia Adventista
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