4. Identification of Alternate Routes

I d e n t i f 4. i Identificationc of Alternate a t i o n

o f

A l t e r n a t e

R o u t Routese s 4.1 APPROACH METHODOLOGY

he purpose of this report is to design a socio-economically acceptable route for the project corridor, utilizing the available maps, imageries, conduct the field reconnaissance & surveys and consultations along the project route which fulfils the intended T purpose of implementing agency towards the facilitation of transport communication, promote socio-economic development & economic growth and reducing poverty. Also such a route should have the least negative impacts on the environment and should also be protected from the negative effects that may be caused by the surrounding environment. The project road from Malerkotla- Lehra-Moonak-Uklana has been constructed long ago and rehabilitated several time, and currently also going under maintenace contract, and serving the minimal purpose of local people and there is no complaint against the existing road alignment,except at some bottle neck points, which reveals from the road side interview. It is worthy to mention here that “when the road is planned for further upgradation (as the case from 2 to 4/6 lane), it becomes very important to study the superiority of alternates, to improve the geometry”, however, even the project road under study does have the well define existing road, consultant critically studied the existing alignment and where felt mandatory to realign the route, taken into consideration the alternates for further study.

Route options for a designated highway are defined as approximate alignments within the route corridor that are compared in order to select the preferred route. The IRC SP19-2001, Manual for Survey, Investgation and Preparation of Road Projects lays out general considerations and best practice with regard to route selection. These include:

The fundamental principal of route selection and alignment improvement is to achieve the least overall cost on transportation, having regard to the cost of initial construction of the highway facility, its maintenance and road user cost, while at the same time, satisfying the social and environmental requirements.

Consultants are usually required to identify at least two possible alignment options, which satisfy the requirements of connecting the stated start and end points via specified control points, as well as satisfying the required geometric design standards and selected realignments may be appropriate to improve the localized geometric deficiency and, other than these cases, more than one route should be examined.

In order to identify the stretches where there is no need to divert from the existing track and the stretches where alternate route is require, select the best route. Consultant has delineated the entire project route into following homogeneous section for identifications-

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ALIGNMENT REPORT Consultancy Services for development of Economic Corridors, Inter-Corridors, Feeder Routes and Coastal Road primarily to improve freight movement in the India under Bharatmala Pariyojna (Lot- 2/Punjab/Package-2)

 Terrain  Land Use  Soil Type  Urban Settlements  Traffic Flow  Geometry of existing route  Drainage  River Crossing  Lack of ROW  Realignment to cater local traffic and OD Points  Realignment due to changes in local network or surrounding network  Poor Road Geomtery  Provisions of ROB, flyovers and other structures

4.2 ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (MALERKOTLA-LEHRAGAGA-MOONAK- UKLANA MANDI)

After the delineation of homogeneous section, each section has been critically evaluated to identify the probable locations of alternate route. If alternate route is require in any homogeneous section then further extensive study has been carried out to evaluate the best alternate on the basis of Social, Environmental, Engineering and Economic analysis. The details of each homogeneous section presented in Table below. Table 4-1: Homogeneous Section Existing Chainage (km) Existing Proposed Length (km) Road Road Section Remarks New Length From To Bypass/Rea;ignment (km) 9.20 45.100 54.300 +6.65 Malerkotla Urban Settlement H- 1 20.100 (15.85) 15.300 Opt-1-16.400 54.300 69.600 Dhuri urban settlement H-2 Opt-2-19.000 69.600 73.500 3.900 Dhuri-Sangrur H- 3 Opt-1-4.900 73.500 81.400 7.600 Sangrur urban settlement H-4 Opt-2-8.700 81.400 86.300 4.900 Sangrur-Sunam H-5 86.300 90.200 3.900 24.600 31.200 6.600 Sunam Settlement (16.700km) H-6 11.400 0.000 6.200 6.200 6.200 7.900 1.700 Sunam-Chhajli H-7 7.900 16.400 8.500 Chhajli Settlement H-8 6.900 16.400 22.600 6.200 Chhajli-Lehragaga H-9 22.600 25.900 3.300 Lehragaga Settlement (5.300km) Opt-1-16.400 H-10 0.000 2.000 2.000 Lehal Khurd settlement Opt-2-19.000

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Existing Chainage (km) Existing Proposed Length (km) Road Road Section Remarks New Length From To Bypass/Rea;ignment (km) 2.000 8.000 6.000 Lehal Khurd-Balran H-11 8.000 11.800 3.800 Balran settlement H-12 3.700 11.800 13.000 1.200 Balran-Moonak Mandi H-13 13.000 13.900 0.900 0.000 1.600 1.600 Moonak Mandi Settlement (5.1km) H-14 3.900 92.000 94.600 2.600 94.600 99.700 5.100 Moonak Mandi-Tohana H-15 99.700 108.500 8.800 Tohana Urban Settlement H-16 11.200 108.500 121.900 13.400 Tohana-Bithmara H-17 121.000 126.000 5.000 Bithmara Settlement H-18 4.400 126.000 128.600 2.600 Bithmara-Uklana Mandi H-19

The description of homogenous section described by the consultant based on various criterions as described above is given next for the project corridor including the alternate route selection. The description is given by showing the road alignment on Topo Map (GIS Environment) of the project road and also given on Satelite Image as Appendix.

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Homogenous Section-1 Road Section Malerkotla Built up

Characteristics- Existing road passing through densely populated and built up section of Malerkotla on both side of existing road, therfore widening of existing road to 4 lane standard is difficult and a proposal of New Bypass. Key Points for New Proposed Bypass:  Lack of Row  Built up section  New Alignment to cater Local Traffic and OD Points

The main reason to join the proposed bypass near village Boghiwal on Ludhiana – Malerkotla road is that as the project road is part of Ludhiana-Ajmer Economic Corridor, which will cater the traffic. On proposed bypass side, the project road will pass through SH51 (Malerkotla-Nabha) i.e. will also cater traffic from other surrounding districts to the economic corridor.

H1 Section

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Road Section Homogeneous Section-2 Dhuri Built Up Section

Characteristics- Existing road passing through the urban area and this section warrants for study of alternate route to avoid congestion at settlements. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section. Key Points for New Proposed Bypass: Option-1  Lack of Row  Built up section (Proposed Bypass)  New Alignment to cater Local Traffic and OD Points

The main preferred option-1 is passing Option-2 totally through greenfield land, and not (Proposed Bypass affecting any built up section , as the case in Option-2, although ROB is same in both options. Option-3 is totally passing through built up section and no scope for widening the existing road. Option-3

Existing Road

H2 Section

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Road Homogeneous Section Section-3 Benra- Gurdaspura (Dhuri- Sangrur) Existing Charateristics-Existing road Road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0 to 0.5m embankment ht & may require rising,. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section.

H3 Section

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Homogenous Section- Road Section 4 Sangrur Built up Proposed section Characteristics- Existing road passing Sangrur Bypass through the urban area and this section (Option-2) warrants for study of alternate route to Proposed Sangrur avoid congestion at settlements. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and Bypass (Option-1) land cover along the section. Key Points for New Proposed Bypass:  Lack of Row Option-3  Built up section  New Alignment to cater Local Traffic Existing Project and OD Points Road

Existing NH-64

H4 Section

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Homogenous Road Section-5 Section From NH-64 to Tungan village (Sangrur- Sunam) Characteristics-Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0 to 0.5m embankment ht & may require rising, , only minor improvements in geometry warrants. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover Existing Road along the section.

H5 Section

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Homogenous Section-6 Road Section Sunam Bypass

Characteristics- Existing road passing through the urban area and this section Option-2 (Existing warrants for study of alternate route to Road) avoid settlements. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and Option-1(Proposed land cover along the section. Sunam Bypass)

Key Points for New Proposed Bypass:  Lack of Row  Built up section  New Alignment to cater Local Traffic and OD Points  Greenfield Section

H6Section

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Homogenous Road Section-7 Section Sunam- Chhajli

Characteristics-Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0.5 embankment ht, , only minor improvements in geometry warrants. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the Existing Road section.

H7 Section

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Homogenous Road Section Section-8 Chhajli Realignment Characteristics- Characteristics- Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having poor Option-1 (Proposed geometry, 0.5 embankment ht, Realignment) study of alternate route i.e. improvements in geometry Option-2 (Existing warrants. There is the homogeneity Road) of geology, land use and land cover along the section.

Key Points for New Proposed Bypass:  Improvement of Road Geomtery

H8 Section

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Homogenous Section-9 Road Section Chajli-Lehragaga

Characteristics-Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0.5 to 1.5m embankment ht, study of alternate route does not warrant, only minor Existing Road improvements in geometry warrants. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section.

H9 Section

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Homogenous Section-10 Road Section Proposed Lehragaga Bypass

Characteristics- Existing road passing through the urban area and this section warrants for study of alternate Option-2 route to avoid congestion at settlements. There is the (Proposed homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the Bypass) section.

Key Points for New Proposed Bypass:  Lack of Row Option-3  Built up section Existing Road  New Alignment to cater Local Traffic and OD Points  Greenfield Section  Geometry Improvement Option-1 Option-1 is the best suited option due to smaller length and (Proposed also connectivity to the Mandi in the town section as Bypass) compared to Option-2.

H10 Section

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Homogenous Section-11 Road Section Lehal Khurd-Balran Characteristics-Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0.5 to 2m embankment ht, , only minor improvements in geometry warrants. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section. Existing Road

H11 Section

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Homogenous Section-12 Road Section Proposed Balran Realignment Characteristics- Existing road passing through the urban area and this section warrants for study of alternate Option-1 route to avoid congestion at settlements. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the (Proposed section. Realignment)

Key Points for New Proposed Bypass: Option-  Lack of Row 2(Existing  Built up section Road)  Geometry Improvement

H12 Section

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Homogenous Section-13 Road Section Balran-Moonak Mandi Characteristics-Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0.5 to 2m embankment ht, , only minor improvements in geometry warrants. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section. Existing Road

H13 Section

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Homogenous Section-14 Road Section Moonak Mandi Bypass

Key Points for New Proposed Bypass:  Lack of Row Option-1  Built up section (Proposed  New Alignment to cater Local Traffic and OD Points Moonak  Greenfield Section  Geometry Improvement Bypass) Option-2 (Existing

Road)

H14 Section

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Homogenous Section-15 Road Section Moonak-Ganota Characteristics-Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0.5 to 1.5m embankment ht, , only minor improvements in geometry warrants. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section.

Existing Road

H15 Section

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Homogenous Section-16 Road Section Proposed Tohana Bypass Characteristics- Existing road passing through the urban area and this section warrants for study of alternate route to avoid congestion at settlements. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section. Option-2 Option-1 (Proposed

(Existing Road) Tohana Bypass) Key Points for New Proposed Bypass:  Lack of Row  Built up section  New Alignment to cater Local Traffic and OD Points  Greenfield Section  Geometry Improvement The bypass has been proposed on left side due to extended built up section on right side of the town.

H16 Section

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Homogenous Section-17 Road Section Tohana-Bithmara

Characteristics-Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0.5 to 1m embankment ht, , only minor improvements in geometry warrants. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section.

Existing Road

H17 Section

Homogenous Section-18 Road Section

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Proposed Bithmara Realignment Characteristics- Existing road passing through the urban area and this section warrants for study of alternate route to avoid congestion at settlements. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section.

Key Points for New Proposed Realignment:  Lack of Row Option-1  Built up section (Proposed  Geometry Improvement Realignment)

Option-2 (Existing Road)

H18Section

Homogenous Section-19 Road Section

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Bithmara-Uklana Mandi Characteristics-Existing road passing through the plain terrain & having good geometry, 0.5 to 1m embankment ht, , only minor improvements in geometry warrants. There is the homogeneity of geology, land use and land cover along the section.

Existing Road

H19 Section

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