Garrett County, MD

Maryland Food System Profile II Garrett County, MD

Demographics

These county profiles present DEMOGRAPHICS Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking the data compiled by the Population, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea 29,945 5,887,776 0.51% 22 Maryland Food System Map % Population Change, 2000-2010b 0.8% 9.0% 22 Project, at the Johns Hopkins Number of Households, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea 29,338 5,747,580 0.51% 22 Center for a Livable Future. Population Density (People / Square Mile), 2010b 46.51 594.77 24 They are intended to be used % Non-Hispanic, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea 99.1% 91.2% 1 for education, research, policy ◼◼ % White Alone 96.9% 53.6% 1 development, and community ◼◼ % Black or African American Alone 0.8% 29.0% 24 organizing purposes. For ◼◼ % Asian Alone 0.4% 5.8% 24 more information go to: % Hispanic (any race), 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea 0.9% 8.8% 24 www.mdfoodsystemmap.org. Median Household Income, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea $46,096 $74,149 20 Self-Sufficiency Standard (2 Adults, 2 School-Age Children), 2012c,1 $38,363 (U) 24 % Individuals Below 185% of Federal Poverty Level, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year 31.83% 20.74% 6 Estimate; Household of 4=$44,123)a,2 % Individuals Below 200% of Federal Poverty Level, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year 35.18% 22.80% 6 Estimate; Household of 4=$47,700)a,2 % Unemployment, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea 6.9% 8.0% 17 % Households without Vehicle, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea 7.9% 9.4% 8

Health Statistics

HEALTH STATISTICS Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Overall Mortality / 100,000 Population (Age-Adjusted), 2013d 743.6 708.3 10 Heart Disease Mortality / 100,000 Population (Age-Adjusted), 2013d 203.1 171.7 5 Diabetes Mortality / 100,000 Population (Age-Adjusted), 2013d 22.8 19.6 6 Rate of Obesity, 2013e 26.04% 28.30% 19 Rate of Diabetes, 2013e 9.64% 10.00% 13

CLF June 2016 2 GARRETT COUNTY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE

Food Availability

FOOD AVAILABILITY - FOOD STORES AND RESTAURANTS Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Total Number of Food Stores, 2014f 33 3,784 0.87% 20 ◼◼ Number of Supermarkets (Chains, Supercenters, and International)3 5 696 0.72% 19 ◻◻ Supermarkets / 1,000 Population 0.17 0.12 3 ◻◻ % Supermarkets (Number of Supermarkets / Total Food Stores) 15.15% 18.39% 16 ◼◼ Number of Convenience Stores (Chains, Gas Stations, Drug Stores, and 15 1,700 0.88% 19 Dollar-Discount)4 ◼◼ Number of Small Grocery Stores ("Mom and Pop" Stores, Corner Stores)5 12 1,124 1.07% 13 ◼◼ Number of Other Food Stores (Conventional Club, Military Commissaries, 1 63 1.59% 13 and Mixed Markets)6 Number of Fast Food Chain Restaurants, 2013g 13 1,757 0.74% 18 ◼◼ Fast Food Chain Restaurants / 1,000 Population 0.43 0.30 4

FOOD AVAILABILITY - FOOD ACCESS Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking % Population Living in a USDA Food Desert, 2010h,7 20.55% 27.34% 13 % Population that is Food Insecure, 2013i,8 12.0% 12.8% 12 Average Cost of a Meal ($), 2013i,9 $2.74 (U) 22

Food Stores by Type Food Stores by Type 1 5 Supermarkets 12 Convenience Stores Small Grocery Stores 15 Other Food Stores GARRETT COUNTY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE 3

FOOD AVAILABILITY - NUTRITION ASSISTANCE Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Average Number of Monthly SNAP Participants, 2014j 4,712 788,871 0.60% 22 % Population Participating in SNAP, 2015 State Fiscal yeark 15.3% 13.0% 10 % SNAP Participation Among Low-Income Residents, 2015 State Fiscal yeark 45.5% 65.9% 24 Number of SNAP Authorized Stores, 2014l 29 3,405 0.85% 20 ◼◼ SNAP Authorized Stores / 1,000 population 0.97 0.58 3 Number of WIC Authorized Stores, 2015m 5 717 0.70% 19 Number of Pantry & Free Meal Sites, 2013g 2 1,069 0.19% 24

Agriculture

AGRICULTURE - GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Total Number of Farms, 2012n 667 12,256 5.44% 4 Acres of Land in Farms, 2012n 95,197 2,030,745 4.69% 10 % of Land in Farms, 2012n 23.00% 32.50% 17 Average Farm Size (Acres), 2012n 143 166 11 Acres of Cropland Harvested, 2012n 36,618 1,280,965 2.86% 15

AGRICULTURE - OPERATORS AND LABOR Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Average Age of Primary Farm Operator, 2012n 55.8 59.0 21 % Female Primary Operator, 2012n 11.54% 18.73% 18 Operators by Primary Occupation, 2012n ◼◼ % Farming 49.03% 48.92% 13 ◼◼ % Other 50.97% 51.08% 11 Total Number of Hired Workers (Excludes Contract Labor), 2012n 481 14,705 3.27% 13 Total Number of Farms with Migrant Labor, 2012n 0 133 0.00% 20 4 GARRETT COUNTY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE

AGRICULTURE - FARM TYPES AND PRODUCTS Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Number of USDA Certified Organic Farms, 2012n 4 81 4.94% 7 Number of USDA Organic Exempt Farms, 2012n 0 20 0.00% 9 Number of Farms Transitioning to USDA Certified Organic, 2012n 2 19 10.53% 4 Dairy Farms - Number with Sales, 2012n 59 463 12.74% 3 Dairy Farms - Market Value ($), 2012n $9,913,000 $187,497,000 5.29% 5 Cattle Farms - Number with Sales, 2012n 345 2,663 12.96% 3 Cattle Farms - Market Value ($), 2012n $9,975,000 $69,917,000 14.27% 3 Grain & Oilseed Farms - Number with Sales, 2012n 210 3,769 5.57% 8 Grain & Oilseed Farms - Market Value ($), 2012n $6,499,000 $716,348,000 0.91% 20 Hog Farms - Number with Sales, 2012n 22 340 6.47% 5 Hog Farms - Market Value ($), 2012n $94,000 (D) (U) 6 Fruit, Tree Nuts, & Berries - Number with Sales, 2012n 33 476 6.93% 5 Fruit, Tree Nuts, & Berries - Market Value ($), 2012n $72,000 $20,065,000 0.36% 19 Vegetables, Melons, Potatoes, & Sweet Potatoes - Number with Sales, 2012n 39 797 4.89% 10 Vegetables, Melons, Potatoes, & Sweet Potatoes - Market Value ($), 2012n (D) $70,711,000 (U) (U) Poultry Farms (Broiler) - Number with Sales, 2012n 6 854 0.70% 17 Poultry Farms (Layer) - Number with Inventory, 2012n 94 1,544 6.09% 6 Poultry Farms (Broiler & Layer) - Number with Sales, 2012n 57 1,688 3.38% 12 Poultry Farms (Broiler & Layer) - Market Value ($), 2012n $199,000 $922,999,000 0.02% 12

MarketMarket Value byby ProductFarm Type

Poultry $199,000 Vegetables

Fruit, Tree Nuts & Berries $72,000

Hog $94,000

Grain & Oilseed $6,499,000 Cattle $9,975,000 Dairy $9,913,000 GARRETT COUNTY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE 5

AGRICULTURE - ECONOMICS Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Number of Small Farms (Market Value <$50,000), 2012n 530 9,190 5.77% 6 Number of Mid-Sized Farms ($50,000 - $499,999), 2012n,10 130 1,851 7.02% 5 Number of Large Farms ($500,000 or more), 2012n 7 1,215 0.58% 17 Total Market Value of Agricultural Products Sold, 2012n $31,461,000 $2,271,397,000 1.39% 17 ◼◼ Average Per Farm $47,168 $185,329 19 Net Cash Farm Income of Operations, 2012n $5,451,000 $477,002,000 14 ◼◼ Average Per Farm $8,173 $38,920 17 Government Payouts - Total Federal Dollars, 2012n $540,000 $36,024,000 1.50% 17 ◼◼ Average Per Farm Receiving Funds $4,289 $7,784 19 ◼◼ Number of Farms Receiving Funds 126 4,628 2.72% 15

AGRICULTURE - LARGE-SCALE LIVESTOCK Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Number of Broiler Chicken CAFOs, 2015o,11* 0 486 0.00% 10 Number of Broiler Chicken MAFOs, 2015o,11* 0 23 0.00% 6 Number of Layer Hen CAFOs, 2015o,11* 0 5 0.00% 4 Number of Dairy Cattle CAFOs, 2015o,11* 0 16 0.00% 8 Number of Dairy Cattle MAFOs, 2015o,11* 0 1 0.00% 2 Number of Beef Cattle CAFOs, 2015o,11* 0 6 0.00% 5 Number of Hog CAFOs, 2015o,11* 0 1 0.00% 2

FarmsFarms by by Size Size (by(by MarketMarket Value) Value) 7

130 Small Farms

Mid-Sized Farms

530 Large Farms 6 GARRETT COUNTY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE

AGRICULTURE - LOCAL FOOD Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Farm Products Sold Directly - Number of Farms, 2012n 87 1,276 6.82% 6 Farm Products Sold Directly - Market Value, 2012n $383,000 $28,038,000 1.37% 17 Number of Agritourism Operations, 2012n 11 307 3.58% 12 Average $ / Agritourism Operation, 2012n $2,364 $23,638 19 Number of Farmers Markets, 2015p 2 145 1.38% 19 Total Number of Farms Selling Locally, 2015q,12 33 1,178 2.80% 14 ◼◼ Farms that are USDA Certified Organic 3 65 4.62% 8 ◼◼ Farms that Sell at Farmers Markets 19 447 4.25% 9 ◼◼ Farms that Sell Through Community Supported Agriculture 2 166 1.20% 19 ◼◼ Dairy Farms that Sell Locally 4 92 4.35% 7 ◼◼ Livestock & Poultry Farms that Sell Locally 14 578 2.42% 14

Processing and Distribution

PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Total Number of Food Processing Facilities, 2015q,13* 17 623 2.73% 16 ◼◼ Number of Facilities that Process Dairy 1 51 1.96% 14 ◼◼ Number of Facilities that Process Seafood 0 168 0.00% 20 ◼◼ Number of Facilities that Process Meat 3 145 2.07% 14 Animal Slaughter Facilities, 2015q,13* 3 69 4.35% 6 Food Distribution and Warehouses, 2015q,13* 7 521 1.34% 20 ◼◼ Number of Distributors that Source Locally 1 65 1.54% 13

Institutions

INSTITUTIONS Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Number of Hospitals, 2015r 1 63 1.59% 13 Number of Colleges/Universities, 2015s 1 56 1.79% 12 Number of Public K12 Schools, 2012-2013t 14 1,437 0.97% 19 Public K12: % Students Free and Reduced-Meal Eligible, 2015-2016u 48.29% 45.13% 10 Public K12: Number Participating in Maryland Meals for Achievement, 2014-2015v 9 467 1.91% 14 Public K12: % Eligible Participating in Maryland Meals for Achievement, 2014-2015v 82.0% 54.0% 11 Public K12: Number of Breakfasts and Lunches Served Annually, 2012-2013w 731,757 89,013,961 0.82% 20 GARRETT COUNTY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE 7 Environment

ENVIRONMENT - LAND PRESERVATION Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Maryland DNR and Conservation Easements, Total Acreage, 2013x 86,750.87 532,721.06 16.28% 1 MALPF Easements, Total Acreage, 2013x 7,306.00 299,946.00 2.44% 15 Maryland Environmental Trust Easements, Total Acreage, 2013x 2,424.13 129,693.13 1.87% 16 Maryland Rural Legacy Properties, Total Acreage, 2014y 1,378.57 81,796.03 1.69% 19 Maryland Rural Legacy Areas, Total Acreage, 2014y 31,457.09 902,580.62 3.49% 13

ENVIRONMENT - BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Cover Crops (Acres/Year), 2014z,14 868.00 418,590.30 0.21% 23 Nutrient Management on Pasture (Acres/Year), 2014z,14 5,577.00 59,438.30 9.38% 4 Soil Conservation and Water Quality Plans (Acres/Year), 2014z,14 12,550.40 914,065.90 1.37% 21

ENVIRONMENT - AIR AND WATER QUALITY Garrett Maryland % of MD Total County Ranking Ammonia from Fertilizer Application (Tons), 2011aa 92.55 2,827.17 3.27% 15 Ammonia from Livestock Waste (Tons), 2011aa 292.41 19,886.77 1.47% 13 Airborne PM~2.5~ from Crop and Livestock Dust (Tons), 2011aa,15 19.47 2,791.47 0.70% 22 % Population on Private Well, 2010ab 70.1% 18.5% 1 Total Number of Watersheds, 2012ac,16 7 123 5.69% 15 ◼◼ Number in Good Health* 1 2 50.00% 1 ◼◼ Number in Fair Health 2 59 3.39% 18 ◼◼ Number in Poor Health 4 62 6.45% 13 Watershed Health Watershed Health

1 Good Health Fair Health 2 4 Poor Health 8 | Garrett County Food Systems Profile

The data sources for the Maryland Food System County Profiles are as follows: (a) The American Community Survey, 2010-2014 Five-Year Estimate (b) The United States Census, 2010 (c) Center for Women’s Welfare, 2012 (d) Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2013 (e) Maryland Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2013 (f) Center for a Livable Future’s Maryland Food System Map Project, 2014 (g) Center for a Livable Future’s Maryland Food System Map Project, 2013 (h) USDA Food Access Research Atlas, 2010 (i) Feeding America, 2013 (j) Maryland Hunger Solutions, 2014 (k) Maryland Hunger Solutions, 2015 (l) USDA Food and Nutrition Service SNAP Retailer Locator, 2014 (m) Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2015 (n) USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, Census of Agriculture, 2012 (o) Maryland Department of the Environment, 2015 (p) The Maryland Farmers Market Association, 2015 (q) Center for a Livable Future’s Maryland Food System Map Project, 2015 (r) Maryland State Archives, 2015 (s) Maryland Higher Education Commission, 2015 (t) Maryland Public School System websites, 2013 (u) Maryland Department of Education, 2015-2016 (v) Maryland Hunger Solutions, 2014-2015 (w) Maryland Department of Education, 2013 (x) Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 2013 (y) Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 2014 (z) Maryland Department of Agriculture, 2014 (aa) United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2011 (ab) United States Geological Survey, 2010 (ac) Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 2012 9 | Garrett County Food Systems Profile

◻◻ Broiler Chickens AFO with dry manure ranges: medium = 37,500-124,999 birds/farm Footnotes or <100,000 ft2, large = >125,000 birds/farm or ≥100,000 ft2. ◻◻ Layer Hen AFO ranges: medium = 25,000-81,999 animals/farm, large = 82,000 or 1. The Self-Sufficiency Standard determines the amount of income required for working more animals/farm. families to meet basic needs at a minimally adequate level, taking into account family ◻◻ Dairy Cattle AFO ranges: medium = 200-699 animals/farm, large = 700+ animals/ composition, ages of children, and geographic differences in costs. This does not include farm. public subsidies or informal/private assistance. ◻◻ Beef Cattle AFO ranges: medium = 300-999 animals/farm, large = 1000 or more 2. Eligibility criterion for food and other federal supplement programs and benefits varies animals/farm. by household size, based on a percentage of the Federal Poverty Level. ◻◻ Hog AFO ranges: 750 or more animals/farm, dependent on weight of animals. 3. “Supermarkets” are large-format grocery stores with all food departments present, in- 12. Farms that grow and sell food locally in some manner. The list is derived from online cluding produce, meats, seafood, canned goods and packaged goods. Supermarkets are research, last updated in summer 2015. The list is not entirely comprehensive, as not all typically chain stores but may also be supercenters and international stores; these stores local farms have information available on the Internet. have annual sales of $2 million or more and have 3 or more cash registers. 13. Food processing and distribution facility lists were derived from multiple federal, state 4. The “Convenience Stores” category includes a variety of stores that sell food products, and county level food permit lists. Categories of food processing facilities, slaughter but food is not their main business. These stores include chain convenience stores, gas facilities, and distribution and storage facilities are neither mutually exclusive nor an station convenience stores, pharmacies, and discount/dollar stores. They are typically exhaustive list of every possible type of facility. chain operated. 14. The Maryland Department of Agriculture collects data on Best Management Practices 5. “Small Grocery Stores,” sometimes called “mom & pop” stores or corner stores, are for conservation, 3 of which are listed, as part of an effort to restore the health of the small format grocery stores that are typically independently owned and operated. They Chesapeake Bay Watershed. have annual sales of less than $2 million and have limited food departments. 15. Data for crop and livestock dust emissions of Particulate Matter <2.5 microns (PM2.5). 6. The “Other Food Stores” category include Conventional Club stores (i.e. BJ’s), Military 16. The number of watersheds comprises all watersheds present in the county, including Commissaries, mixed markets, and public markets. those that cross county borders. 7. USDA Food Deserts are defined as low-income census tracts where residents are >0.5 miles (urban) or >10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket. Symbols 8. Feeding America’s Map the Meal Gap’s food insecurity rates are determined using data from the 2001-2013 Current Population Survey on individuals in food insecure house- (D) Data withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms (Census of Agriculture only) holds; 2009-2013 American Community Survey five year estimates on median house- (U) Data unavailable hold incomes, poverty rates, homeownership, and race and ethnic demographics; and *Many Maryland counties do not have any data or locations in this category, making the 2013 American Community Survey one year estimates on unemployment rates. County Ranking for this category deceptively high for counties that have a value of 0. For 9. The average dollar amount spent on food per week by food secure individuals is divided example, there are only 4 dairy cow CAFOs in Maryland so any county with 0 CAFOs is tied by 21 (3 meals per day x 7 days per week) weighted by the “cost-of-food index” to derive for 5th place. a localized estimate. Food expenditures for food secure individuals were used to ensure that the result best reflected the cost of an adequate diet. 10. Agriculture of the Middle (AOTM) encompasses a spectrum of farms and ranches that are declining because they are too small to be served well by commodity markets and too large to be served well by direct markets. Most farms are in the $50,000-$500,000 range of gross sales. See agofthemiddle.org for more information. 11. An Animal Feeding Operation (AFO) means a feedlot where: Non-aquatic animals are confined, fed, and maintained for at least 45 days in any 12-month period; and crops vegetation, forage growth, or post-harvest residues are not sustained in the normal growing season over any portion of the lot or facility. There are two types of AFOS: Confined Animal Feeding Operation and Maryland Animal Feeding Operation. Confined Animal Feeding Operations are medium or large AFO’s that discharge or “propose to discharge” manure, litter, or process wastewater. “Propose” to discharge means that your facility is designed, constructed, operated, or maintained, such that a discharge to surface waters of the State WILL occur. Maryland Animal Feed Operations (MAFO) are large animal feeding operations that do not discharge or “propose to discharge” manure, litter, or process wastewater. Image credit: “2006 09 19 - Annapolis - Sunset over State House” by Thisisbossi - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.5 via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia. org/wiki/File:2006_09_19_-_Annapolis_-_Sunset_over_State_House.JPG#/media/File:2006_09_19_-_Annapolis_-_Sunset_over_State_House.JPG

The Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future promotes research and develops and communicates information about the complex interrelationships among diet, food production, the environment and human health. We advocate for policies that protect health, the global environment and the ability to sustain life for future generations.

CLF June 2016