DOCSLIB.ORG

Archaeological Sites in Morelos

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Archaeological Sites in Morelos Archaeological Sites in Morelos Barbara Konieczna* he diversity of climates, soil, flora and fau - dominions of Mesoamerica. This made possible na, as well as the physiography of what is the concentration in Morelos of a mosa ic of pre- Tnow the state of Morelos was the de ter - Hispanic cultural elements from the vast region min ing factor in the establishment of a great many of Mesoamerica that the local population assi mi - human settlements there in the pre-His panic pe - lated and molded with its own particular stamp. ri od because the inhabitants had count less re - The oldest settlements known in Morelos sources for both subsistence and trade. The date from approximately 1500 B.C., or the begin - roads through its valleys and lake basins were ning of the middle pre-classic period, when used for traveling to other cultural regions, thus humanity adopted a fully agricultural village life. favoring trade that extended to the most remote These settlements were established near water, a basic requirement for sedentary existence and producing agricultural surpluses. Gualupita, Ce - * Archaeologist. Researcher at the National Institute of Anthropology and History Morelos Center. rritos, Cuautlixco, Yautepec, Tlaltizapan, Olin te - Photos reproduced by permission of the National Ins ti - pec, Nexpa and Chalcat zingo are some of the tute of Anthropology and History. CONACULTA -INAH -MEX archaeological sites from that period. a í u g n u M l e i n a D y b s o t o h P Xochicalco. Voices of Mexico • 55 Flower, Chalcatzingo. The King, Chalcatzingo. inhabitants built big rooms (some 8 to 10 meters long) over a broad area at the foot of large rocks. They dealt with the uneven terrain by building embankments and terraces. Not much can be seen of these houses today since after being ex - cavated and studied, they were covered over with dirt again to preserve them, given the poor con - ditions the buildings were in. Archaeologists also excavated the foundations of temples and human burial sites with offerings. In its heyday, Chalcatzingo must have been The ruins of Chalcatzingo, first inhabited around 1500 B.C., were discovered in 1934. important for the whole Central Highland. Its inhabitants maintained contact with very re mote CHALCATZINGO areas, as can be seen in the influence of the great Olmec artistic style from the Gulf of Mexico in Located in the eastern part of the Valley of Mo - its magnificent bas-reliefs. The realist, mythical relos, Chalcatzingo was first publicized in 1934 and even symbolic representations reflect their by archaeologist Eulalia Guzmán thanks to her creators’ world view. discovery of a magnificent bas-relief on a stone The decline of Chalcatzingo, around the year called “The King.” Its origins date back to 1500 500 B.C. coincided with that of other urban B.C., and evidence indicates that the first occu - centers in the Valley of Mexico and the Gulf pation of the area lasted 500 years: it was a small Coast. Its inhabitants remained there, however, hamlet of farmers who traded with the peoples until the arrival of the Nahuatl tribes in the thir - on the Gulf Coast, the Valley of Oaxaca, Pue - teenth century of our era and adapted to the bla and what is now the State of Mexico. About new political and economic organization in the 1000 B.C. the settlement grew considerably, area. With the arrival of the Spaniards, the pre- reaching its high point around 750 B.C. The Hispanic buildings were covered with new con - 78 The Splendor of Mexico Legend has it that Quetzalcóatl was born where the vast expanse of Xochicalco’s civic and religious buildings were erected. structions and remained hidden until the twen - tieth century. LAS PILAS Las Pilas is located in the environs of Chal - catzingo. This settlement flourished between the years A.D. 500 and A.D. 650, during the clas - sical period (which lasted from A.D. 100 to A.D. 850). This was when Teotihuacan extended its influence throughout Mesoamerica. The Las A plumed serpent winds all the way around this pyramid atop the Xochicalco ruins. Pilas archaeological site retains relatively few vestiges of the ancient culture, but what does XOCHICALCO remain reveals architecture of the classical Teo - tihuacan type, characterized by the use of the The splendor of Xochicalco came between A.D. so-called talud-tablero , typical of temple con - 700 and 900. After the fall of Teotihuacan, it struction. became the most important cosmopolitan cen - Its inhabitants settled near the springs given ter in Central Mexico. their water “culture.” During excavation, canals The city was planned. Its hilltop location built with great flag-stones to carry the water to required extraordinary adaptation and use of storage deposits for use in the dry season were the topography. All the works like underpasses, discovered. After the canals were no longer fill-ins, ramps, stairways, waterways, etc., de - used to convey water, ceremonial human buri - monstrate a profound knowledge of engineer - als were effected in these aqueducts: the bod - ing, mathematics, architecture and, of course, ies, placed in lotus position, were flanked by aesthetics. Access to this fortified city was res - rich offerings. tricted and controlled. Multi-level plazas were 79 Voices of Mexico • 55 The remains of the temple to Tepoztecatl survey the entire Valley of Cuernavaca. Part of the ruins atop the Tepozteco Mountain. built, culminating with the main plaza, the fore pillars and columns were used to hold up highest, on which the buildings of the govern - the roofs. In addition to holy buildings and ing elite were erected. And the great walls pro - palaces, there were warehouses and storehous - tected the city from intruders. es for grain and water, temazcal steam baths and Xochicalco’s buildings were of both a civic ball game courts. and religious nature and many incorporated dec - All this grandeur met with a violent end orative elements from other regions of Mesoa - when domestic rebellions led to the destruction merica. On the base of the feathered serpent are and burning of the buildings. The greatness of Mixtec, Zapotec, Maya and Nahua glyphs in Xochicalco endured only in the memory of local bas-relief. Other iconographic elements inhabitants, narrated hundreds of years later to placed on the sides of this building indicate Spanish chroniclers. that the city’s inhabitants knew astronomy and, therefore, had knowledge of calendars. This can also be seen in the observatory built THE TEPOZTECO to watch the movement of the heavens located in a natural cave adapted for the purpose. The Tepozteco is a post-classical archaeologi - Thanks to archaeological findings, we know cal site, singular in that it is located on top of that the city’s inhabitants traded with the Gulf the mountains surrounding the town of Te - of Mexico and the Pacific Coasts, as well as with poz tlán. Among the different constructions at other inland regions: many decorations have the site are the remains of the temple discov - been found representing animals and plants ered in 1885, apparently dedicated to a deity identifiable with those remote lands. called Tepoztecatl, dating from the late post- The city’s buildings were covered with classical period (1350-1521). To erect it, the stucco and painted and connected to each inhabitants had to level the rocky terrain and other by well-built boulevards and build a plat form upon which several buildings ramps. The spaces in their in - were placed, of which Tepoztecatl’s temple is teriors were ample, and there - the most in teresting. m. seu Mu Site . ’s ure alco lpt hic Scu Xoc The Splendor of Mexico Yautepec is an excellent example of a royal palace or tecpan , originally covered with stucco and red, blue and yellow paint. According to archaeologist Giselle Canto Agui - like Chalcatzingo. The ostentatious building, lar, the buildings taken as a whole are arranged in whose facade has been preserved, corresponds such a way as to suggest a royal palace similar to the last stages of building, when Morelos was to the one found in Yautepec. 1 In the door-jambs part of the Mexica empire. Originally, it was of the temple’s center room and on the benches covered with stucco and painted in brilliant with their backs to the walls, bas-reliefs have hues of red, blue and yellow, among other col - been preserved that depict geometric designs, ors. As the building was being cleaned, remains personages, calendar dates and symbols of this of paint were found, and among the different people’s world view, among them, the god of pul - geometric designs, archaeologists were able to que (a fermented drink made from the sap of the identify the representation of the god of water, maguey plant), Ometochtli. In the middle of Tláloc. The upper part of the palace has nu - the central bedroom, on a pedestal, was the fig - merous internal patios surrounded by rooms, a ure of Tepoztecatl, until its presence so disqui - pattern of distribution typical of a tec - eted the Spanish friars that they removed it in pan . Around the bed-chamber of the sixteenth century. the main l ord were workshops, store - rooms and service quarters. The platform on which the tecpan is YAUTEPEC built is 95 meters by 75 meters, but Yau te pec as a whole in its hey - South of Cuernavaca, at the entrance of the day took up 200 hectares, with town of Yautepec is the large mound of the Ar - a populat ion of approximately chaeological site of the same name. Thanks to 11,500. 2 Ac cording to archaeolo gist archaeologists’ patient excavations, this site has Hor ten sia de Vega, the tecpan was twice proffered valuable information about life in a cov ered by other structures, with the front royal palace, or tecpan .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Postclassic Aztec Figurines and Domestic Ritual
    Copyright by Maribel Rodriguez 2010 The Thesis Committee for Maribel Rodriguez Certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Postclassic Aztec Figurines and Domestic Ritual APPROVED BY SUPERVISING COMMITTEE: Supervisor: Julia Guernsey David Stuart Postclassic Aztec Figurines and Domestic Ritual by Maribel Rodriguez, B.A. Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The University of Texas at Austin December 2010 Dedication Esto esta dedicado en especial para mi familia. Acknowledgements There are my academicians and friends I would like to extend my sincere gratitude. This research began thanks to Steve Bourget who encouraged and listened to my initial ideas and early stages of brainstorming. To Mariah Wade and Enrique Rodriguez-Alegria I am grateful for all their help, advice, and direction to numerous vital resources. Aztec scholars Michael Smith, Jeffrey and Mary Parsons, Susan T. Evans, and Salvador Guilliem Arroyo who provided assistance in the initial process of my research and offered scholarly resources and material. A special thank you to my second reader David Stuart for agreeing to be part of this project. This research project was made possible from a generous contribution from the Art and Art History Department Traveling grant that allowed me the opportunity to travel and complete archival research at the National American Indian History Museum. I would also like to thank Fausto Reyes Zataray for proofreading multiple copies of this draft; Phana Phang for going above and beyond to assist and support in any way possible; and Lizbeth Rodriguez Dimas and Rosalia Rodriguez Dimas for their encouragement and never ending support.
    [Show full text]
  • Michael E. Smith Curriculum Vitae for Posting Feb
    Michael E. Smith Curriculum Vitae For Posting Feb. 1, 2020 Email: [email protected] Home page: https://asu.academia.edu/MichaelESmith ResearcherID: A-2935-2008; ORCID identification no: 0000-0002-0677-8206; Scopus: 55495919500 Address School of Human Evolution & Social Change Phone: 480-727-9520 (office) Box 872402 480-272-3308 (cell) Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-2402 Office: SHESC-104C Education • Ph.D., Anthropology, 1983: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (8/79 - 8/82). • MA, Anthropology, 1979: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (8/75 - 12/78). • BA, Anthropology, 1975: Brandeis University, Waltham, MA (9/71 - 12/74); (degree awarded Magna Cum Laude with Highest Honors in Anthropology. Present Positions • Professor, School of Human Evolution & Social Change, Arizona State University (2005 - ). • Director, ASU Teotihuacan Research Laboratory (2015 - ). • Affiliated faculty, School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, ASU (2013 - ). • Core faculty, Center for Social Dynamics and Complexity (2013 - ). • Fellow, ASU-SFI Center for Biosocial Complex Systems (2014 - ). • Investigador especial, El Colegio Mexiquense (2007 - ). Past Academic Positions • University at Albany, SUNY, Department of Anthropology: Professor, 1996-2005; Associate Professor, 1991-1996. • Loyola University of Chicago, Department of Sociology and Anthropology: Associate Professor, 1988-1990; Assistant Professor, 1983-1988; Lecturer, 1982. Visiting Academic Positions • Aarhus University, Centre for Urban Network Evolutions (School of Culture and Society), Visiting Professor, April – July, 2018. • University of Bonn, Research Training Group 1878, Archaeology of Pre-Modern Economies. Mercator Fellow, May – July, 2017. Research Areas • Mesoamerican archaeology and ethnohistory: Specialist in Aztecs and Teotihuacan. • Comparative urbanism: Premodern neighborhoods & urban life; urban scaling of premodern cities; modern relevance of ancient cities.
    [Show full text]
  • AZTEC ARCHITECTURE -Part 1 by MANUEL AGUILAR-MORENO, Ph.D
    AZTEC ARCHITECTURE -Part 1 by MANUEL AGUILAR-MORENO, Ph.D. PHOTOGRAPHY: FERNANDO GONZLEZ Y GONZLEZ AND MANUEL AGUILAR-MORENO, Ph.D. DRAWINGS: LLUVIA ARRAS, FONDA PORTALES, ANNELYS PÉREZ, RICHARD PERRY AND MARIA RAMOS. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Symb lism TYPES OF ARCHITECTURE General C nstructi n f Pyramid-Temples Temples Types f pyramids R und Pyramids T,in Stair Pyramids Shrines -Ad rat ri s) Early Capital Cities City-State Capitals Ballc urts A.ueducts and Dams Mar/ets Gardens BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNI0UES THE PRECINCT OF TENOCHTITLAN Intr ducti n Urbanism Cerem nial Pla1a -Interi r f the Sacred Precinct2 The Great Temple Myths Symb li1ed in the Great Temple C nstructi n Stages F und in the Archae l gical E4cavati ns f the Great Temple C nstructi n Phase I C nstructi n Phase II C nstructi n Phase III C nstructi n Phase I6 C nstructi n Phase 6 C nstructi n Phase 6I C nstructi n Phase 6II Emper r7s Palaces H mes f the Inhabitants Chinampas Ballc urts Temple utside the Sacred Precinct OTHER CITIES Tenayuca The Pyramid 8all f Serpents T mb-Altar Sta. Cecilia Acatitlan The Pyramid Te pan1 lc Tlatel lc The Temple f the Calendar Temple f Ehecatl-0uet1alc atl Sacred 8ell Priests7 Residency The Mar/etplace Tet1c t1inc Civic M numents Shrines Hue4 tla The 8all La C munidad -The C mmunity2 La Estancia -The Hacienda2 Santa Maria Gr up San Marc s Santiag The Ehecatl- 0uet1alc atl Building Tep 1tlan The Pyramid-Temple f Tep 1tlan Cali4tlahuaca Temple f Ehecatl-0uet1alc atl The Tlal c Cluster The Calmecac Gr up Ballc urt C atetelc Malinalc Temple I -Cuauhcalli2 9 Temple f the Eagle and :aguar Knights Temple II Temple III Temple I6 Temple 6 Temple 6I Figures Bibli graphy INTRODUCTION Az ec archi ec ure reflec s he values and civiliza ion of an e.pire, and s ud0in1 Az ec archi ec ure is ins ru.en al in unders andin1 he his or0 of he Az ecs, includin1 heir .i1ra ion across Me2ico and heir re-enac .en of reli1ious ri uals.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Interaction and Biological Distance Among Postclassic Mexican Populations Corey Steven Ragsdale
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Anthropology ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-1-2015 Cultural interaction and biological distance among Postclassic Mexican populations Corey Steven Ragsdale Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/anth_etds Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Ragsdale, Corey Steven. "Cultural interaction and biological distance among Postclassic Mexican populations." (2015). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/anth_etds/55 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i Corey Steven Ragsdale Candidate Anthropology Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Heather JH Edgar, Chairperson Osbjorn Pearson Hillard Kaplan Andrea Cucina Frances Berdan ii CULTURAL INTERACTION AND BIOLOGICAL DISTANCE AMONG POSTCLASSIC MEXICAN POPULATIONS by COREY STEVEN RAGSDALE B.A., Anthropology, California State University, San Bernardino 2009 M.S., Biological Anthropology, University of New Mexico, 2012 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Anthropology The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico May, 2015 iii CULTURAL INTERACTION AND BIOLOGICAL DISTANCE AMONG POSTCLASSIC MEXICAN POPULATIONS by Corey Steven Ragsdale B.A., Anthropology, California State University, San Bernardino 2009 M.S., Anthropology, University of New Mexico, 2012 Ph.D., Anthropology, University of New Mexico, 2015 ABSTRACT Human population structure is influenced by cultural and biological interactions. Little is known regarding to what extent cultural interactions effect biological processes such as migration and genetic exchange among prehistoric populations.
    [Show full text]
  • Ceramics and the Spanish Conquest E Early Americas: History and Culture
    Ceramics and the Spanish Conquest e Early Americas: History and Culture General Editor Alexander Geurds, Leiden University Editorial Board Willem Adelaar, Leiden University Nikolai Grube, Bonn University John Hoopes, University of Kansas Maarten Jansen, Leiden University Arthur Joyce, University of Colorado Michael Smith, Arizona State University Eric Taladoire, Sorbonne Laura Van Broekhoven, National Museum of Ethnology, Leiden VOLUME 2 e titles published in this series are listed at brill.nl/eahc Ceramics and the Spanish Conquest Response and Continuity of Indigenous Pottery Technology in Central Mexico By Gilda Hernández Sánchez LEIDEN • BOSTON 2012 e digital edition of this title is published in Open Access. is book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hernández Sánchez, Gilda. Ceramics and the Spanish conquest : response and continuity of indigenous pottery technology in central Mexico / by Gilda Hernández Sánchez. p. cm. — (e early Americas: history and culture vol.2) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-90-04-20440-9 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Indian pottery—Mexico. 2. Indians of Mexico—Material culture. 3. Indians of Mexico— Antiquities. 4. Pottery cra—Mexico—History. 5. Mexico—Antiquities. 6. Mexico— History—Conquest, 1519-1540. 7. Mexico—History—Spanish colony, 1540-1810. I. Title. F1219.3.P8H37 2012 972’.01—dc23 2011035865 ISSN 1875-3264 ISBN 978 90 04 20440 9 Copyright 2012 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, e Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijho Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Viollet-Le-Duc Y La Restauración Arqueológica En El Valle De México: Una Revisión DANIEL SCHÁVELZON
    Viollet-le-Duc y la restauración arqueológica en el Valle de México: una revisión DANIEL SCHÁVELZON Resumen: El Templo Mayor de México fue restaurado, y siguen sus obras. Pero en ninguno de los mil libros sobre él se definen los criterios que determinaran que se lo hiciera de una manera y no de otra. Y en ese caso el por qué se tomaron esas decisiones. La arquitectura del Valle, desde Teotihuacan, Tenayuca, Teopanzolco y tantos otros casos, se restaura dejando liberadas las escaleras, cosa que jamás se haría en ciudades mayas o zapotecas o de la región costeña. Este criterio se remonta a una “mirada” de los hallazgos hecha por Leopoldo Batres en Templo Mayor en 1900 y que puso en evidencia material Manuel Gamio. Luego la concretó José Reygadas Vértiz. Pudo hacerse en Teotihuacan con la apropiación de un método teórico, la estratigrafía. Gracias a esa nueva forma de entender el pasado, Reygadas Vértiz y su ayudante Ignacio Marquina, como ingenieros y arquitectos, lograron definir el método para consolidar esas estructuras. Quedó así instalado el método hasta la actualidad. La decisión de cómo restaurar y mostrar el edificio no es “natural”, ni casual, ni obvio, es el resultado de un posicionamiento conceptual definido que espera ser estudiado en profundidad. Este texto analiza algunas restauraciones de sitios prehispánicos en México a la luz de las ideas de Viollet-le-Duc. Palabras clave: Viollet-le-Duc, Templo Mayor, restauración, México, arquitectura prehispánica Abstract: The Templo Mayor of Mexico was restored, and the works continue. But nowhere in the thousand books about it can one find the criteria determining why it was done in one way and not another.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxco & Cuernavaca
    b538217 Ch05.qxd 9/22/03 8:58 AM Page 136 5 Inland to Old Mexico: Taxco & Cuernavaca It may seem as if the small towns in this region of Mexico are try- ing to capitalize on recent trends in travel toward spas and self- exploration, but in reality, they’ve helped define them. From the restorative properties of thermal waters and earth-based spa treat- ments to delving into the mystical and spiritual properties of gem- stones and herbs, the treasures and knowledge in these towns have existed for years—and, in some cases, for centuries. This chapter covers Taxco and Cuernavaca, two towns that fea- ture the artistry of Old Mexico. The legendary silver city of Taxco is renowned for its museums, picturesque hillside colonial-era charm, and, of course, its silver shops. Verdant Cuernavaca, known as the land of eternal spring, has gained a reputation for its excep- tional spa facilities and its wealth of cultural and historic attractions. Other good bets in this area include the venerable thermal spas at Ixtapan de la Sal and their more modern counterparts in Valle de Bravo (both north of Taxco and southwest of Mexico City). To the Northeast of Cuernavaca, Tepoztlán’s enigmatic charms and leg- endary pyramid captivate the few travelers who find their way there. 1 Taxco: Cobblestones & Silver ™ 111 miles (178km) SW of Mexico City; 50 miles (80km) SW of Cuernavaca; 185 miles (296km) NE of Acapulco In Mexico and around the world, the town of Taxco de Alarcón— most commonly known simply as Taxco (tahs-koh)—is synony- mous with silver.
    [Show full text]
  • Smith, ME. the Aztec Empire. in the Aztec World
    SEVEN THE AZTEC EMPIRE ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY The Empire of the Triple Alliance-often called the Aztec empire-occupied a somewhat para- doxical place in Aztec history and society. On the one hand the empire was the dominant politi- cal and economic force in central Mexico at the time of Spanish conquest (1521). Many or most of the best-known art objects from Aztec culture were produced for imperial rulers and elites, and they only make sense within the context of the empire. On the other hand, the effects of Aztec imperialism on people were sometimes quite modest. Unlike the Roman or Inkan emper- ors, whose armies and bureaucrats interfered greatly in provincial society, Aztec emperors were content to leave things alone in the provinces so long as people paid their taxes. In this essay I explore this paradox, emphasizing two aspects of Aztec imperialism: its effects on people and its manifestation in art and archaeology. The rise to power of Tenochtitlan, the dominant imperial capital, is a dramatic story that is preserved in numerous official historical accounts written down after the Spanish conquest. The chronicle includes dramatic battles, courtly intrigue, and a story of religious predestination in which the gods guided and protected the Mexica rulers and people on their imperial journey. But in order to understand the empire, we need to begin with its background of city-states (altepetl in Nahuatl). BACKGROUND TO EMPIRE: AZTEC CITY-STATES (ALTEPETL) The ancestors of the Aztec peoples migrated to central Mexico from a semi-mythical northern homeland they called Aztlan. When groups of immigrants settled in the valleys of highland central Mexico-most likely during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries A.D.-they established dozens of small, independent kingdoms, the altepetl (see Chapter 2).
    [Show full text]
  • Crossing Borders: Gender and Social Change in Mesoamerica
    Crossing Borders: Gender and Social Change in Mesoamerica International Business and Global Citizenship Program Manual Fall 2014 Return to top FALL SEMSTER IN MEXICO 2014 – PROGRAM MANUAL Table of Contents I. ACADEMIC INFORMATION A. Faculty and Staff in Mexico B. Who to Contact C. Information about Courses 1. Registration Information and Deadlines 2. Guidelines and Recommendation for Course Registration 3. Course Options with Brief Descriptions of Each Course 4. General Course Information D. Related Components of the Academic Program 1. Living/Learning Environment 3. Social Change Lab Group 4. Speaking Spanish 5. Homestay II. GENERAL INFORMATION A. Required Travel Documents 1. Passport Requirements 2. Visa Requirements and Tourist Cards B. Health and Safety Matters 1. Safety Concerns 2. Common Health Concerns 3. Other Health Concerns 4. HIV/AIDS 5. Health Care Providers 6. Alcohol and Drug Abuse 7. Immunizations 8. Diarrhea, Cholera, Typhoid and Dysentery Prevention 9. Health Insurance C. Arrival and Departure Information 1. Arrival and Departure Dates and Times 2. Storage Facilities after Semester Ends D. Locale and Facilities 1. Cuernavaca 2. Currency Exchange 3. Time 4. Weather Conditions 5. Housing: Facilities and House Rules 6. Roommate Assignments 7. Dates Housing is Available 8. Key and Linen Deposit 9. Housing/Room Rentals for Family and Friends Return to top F. Communication 1. Mailing Address 2. CGE Communication with Parents 3. Phone Numbers and Cell Phones 4. Computers, Email, and Internet Access 5. Library Resources H. Travel Within Mexico 1. Weekend Travel 2. Fall Break 3. Optional Travel after Program Ends 4. Visits from Family and Friend 5. Hotel Information I.
    [Show full text]
  • Travel Guide CUERNAVACA Contetns
    Travel Guide CUERNAVACA Contetns DISCOVER CUERNAVACA 01 CUERNAVACA PROFILE 02 CUERNAVACA ATTRACTIONS 03 CUERNAVACA DINING 12 CUERNAVACA SHOPPING 15 CUERNAVACA NIGHTLIFE 17 THINGS TO DO IN CUERNAVACA 18 DISCOVER CUERNAVACA Known as “The City of Eternal Spring” due to its pleasant climate throughout the year, Cuernavaca is the capital of the Mexican state of Morelos. The city’s magic and culture date from ancient times and make Cuernavaca the perfect vacation destination for travelers who wish to admire the natural beauty of flora and fauna, archeological sites and beautiful town squares with historic colonial buildings. With lovely weather, natural attractions and a great location near Mexico City, Cuernavaca is often a preferred destination for both national and international travelers. VACATION CITY Cuernavaca is a popular weekend getaway destination for residents of Mexico City thanks to its excellent climate and convenient location. This does not appear to be a recent trend as the habit of visiting Cuernavaca has existed since the time of the Aztecs. Before the Spanish conquest, the Aztec emperors would travel from the heart of Mexico City (known then as Tenochtitlan) while “sitting on their thrones”. A LITTLE BIT OF HISTORY Cuernavaca has been inhabited since 1200 B.C., making it one of the oldest cities in the country. Hernan Cortes retired here and built a castle where he lived until 1540, when he returned to Spain. Father Jose Ma. Morelos y Pavon was entrenched in Cuautla de Amilpas for a few weeks during the Mexican War of independence, and Cuernavaca was even the capital of Mexico for a few days! As far back as the pre-Hispanic era, celebrities have chosen Cuernavaca as their place of residence or preferred vacation spot, including Aztec emperors, Hernan Cortes, Maximilian of Hapsburg, Plutarco Elias Calles and the great psychologist and writer Erich Fromm.
    [Show full text]
  • Proyecto De Conservación Y Restauración Del Centro Ceremonial De Tenayuca
    DIVISIÓN DE CIENCIAS Y ARTES PARA EL DISEÑO Especialización, Maestría y Doctorado en Diseño PROYECTO DE CONSERVACIÓN Y RESTAURACIÓN DEL CENTRO CEREMONIAL DE TENAYUCA Beatriz Zúñiga Bárcenas Trabajo terminal para optar por el Diploma de Especialización en Diseño Opción: Restauración y Conservación del Patrimonio Construido Miembros del Jurado: Mtra. María Teresa Guadalupe Martínez Herrera Profesora del Taller de Diseño III Dr. Francisco José Santos Zertuche Dr. José Silvestre Revueltas Valle Mtra. María del Carmen Bernárdez de la Granja México, Distrito Federal Septiembre de 2015 A mi restaurador de sueños y castillos en el aire AGRADECIMIENTOS Quiero agradecer a los profesores de la Especialidad en Restauración Conservación del Patrimonio Construido por su acompañamiento durante los cursos de la especialidad y por su asesoría para estructurar este documento. Además, a la maestra María Teresa Martínez le agradezco sus indicaciones y el estímulo constante para el desarrollo del proyecto desde el inicio de la especialidad. A la maestra María del Carmen Bernárdez por enseñarnos que un monumento no está aislado e introducirnos en el campo de la teoría de la restauración y el urbanismo. Al doctor José Silvestre Revueltas, gracias por su orientación en el campo de la historia, por las lecturas recomendadas y sobre todo, por su interés en mostrarnos que detrás de cada monumento existe un hecho histórico. A mis compañeros de generación Fernando y Juan les agradezco sus gentilezas y por aceptar los cambios de horario cuando se me dificultaba llegar a clase. A Fer también le debo la digitalización de los planos del monumento de Tenayuca. A mi familia, porque además de brindarme su amor me hacen apreciar la vida y por esas reuniones tan gratas donde no existe la censura.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    one The Aztecs of Mesoamerica Next morning, we came to a broad causeway and continued our march towards Iztapalapa. And when we saw all those cities and villages built in the water, and other great towns on dry land, and that straight and level causeway leading to Mexico, we were astounded. These great towns and cues [temple-pyramids] and buildings rising from the water, all made of stone, seemed like an enchanted vision from the tale of Amadis. Indeed, some of our soldiers asked whether it was not all a dream. It is not surprising therefore that I should write in this vein. It was all so wonderful that I do not know how to describe this first glimpse of things never heard of, seen or dreamed of before. Bernal Dıaz del Castillo, The Conquest of New Spain With these words Bernal Dıaz del Castillo, a soldier in Hernando Cortes’s conquering army, expressed his amazement at the Aztec capital city. When the Spaniards approached Tenochtitlan in 1519, it was one of the most populous cities in the world, the largest ever to flourish in the pre-Hispanic New World, and far richer and more grandiose than any community the Spanish soldiers had ever beheld in their home country (figure 1.1). Expecting to find a simple, backward people, the conquerors were awed by the civilized nature of Aztec society. The kings and royal courts, the huge bustling marketplaces with their orderly layouts, the wealth of the nobility, the detailed scientificCOPYRIGHTED and technical knowledge of theMATERIAL priests and artisans, these and many other features of Aztec civilization filled the conquerors with awe.
    [Show full text]