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Transformational Outcomes of Civil Society Organizations

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Transformational Outcomes of Civil Society Organizations tnmgnMda oita a rO nag i az t i no dna nemeganaM t nayeics v wheylaa sehtehT i anas l cwohsesy ivi cosl i sniagyte - o t l aA s ojnsegrla nctacaeler l inhcetsaecnave ac jdnassergorpl bo l sse DD TRANSFORMATIONAL nmopen arentluserhtworg saercednit tnemyolpmegni 812 rh hsene fiungivel-setar vae lfilufnugni ihwsdeendel erahc / s s e r eVf e s z óJ ybderevocnuerarodezitenomebotdrah 6102 OUTCOMES OF CIVIL oltkahuh A eogisahcrup rewopgni lA. tekramhguoht l go i c htrow sdnamed samehtredisnoctonseod sdnamed htrow esehtteemot elbasiyteicoslivic,gniusrup esehtteemot SOCIETY ugiamnzngo leshguorhT.sdeen f lufgninaemgnizinagro- ermnlaicstbeaeeti,krow , i coshtobsetarenegt i a tekramdnal ORGANIZATIONS egsceivla pea u av eul ipmesa, r i ac vel seggusecnedi t s . lanoitamrofsnart'seitinummoclacoL musorez-nonehtswollof scimanyd musorez-nonehtswollof fogniniagselbanehcihw,hcaorppa J feszó ssereV e nco yootanirewopme i tuagn fymono tnecmor r a l i dez hginteteuirtoda mtsys smet tnocdna, r ehtgnidnetxeotsetubi wllankotNeaeroelaicos i a agnikrowteN.esabecruoserl l swol oe anosocto aoalloc l taroba radnuobssorcotnoi fosei es ngnsoita a o citrap r t i uc l a ror nag i az t i enegdnasno r a t wense .noititepmocdnanoitarepoocfoscitcelaid ubsn bn ngo e'sreetnulovehT les' f inagro- z rbgni tuobasgni firrfoy nwr,lao taicossana anoi l gniworg, tfiorproftonyl yteicsgelok miaydteiro i omsimanyddetne lwonkf cosegde i e t -y snoitinfiedruoegnahcyllacitsardyamdna .evitcudorpgniebdnaboj afo .evitcudorpgniebdnaboj SNOITAZINAGRO YTEICOSLIVICFO SEMOCTUO LANOITAMROFSART SEMOCTUO YTEICOSLIVICFO SNOITAZINAGRO B I NBS 807-06-259-879 5-6 ( p r i n t de ) SSENISUB + B I NBS 8-5807-06-259-879 ( dp f ) E MONOC Y S I NSS - L 9971 - 4394 S I NSS 9971 - 4394 ( p r i n t de ) TRA + S I NSS 9971 - 2494 ( dp f ) NGISED + R C HCRA I T TCE ERU ytisrevinUotlaA nisufo oohcS ol uBf s i en s s ECNEICS + eeaadaoita a rO nag i az t i nemeganaMdnano t T E ONHC L GO Y www . a a l t o . f i EVOSSORC RE +fgiaha*GMFTSH9 COD T RO A L OTCOD T RO A L SNOITATRESSID SNOITATRESSID ytisrevinUotlaA 6102 Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 218/2016 TRANSFORMATIONAL OUTCOMES OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS József Veress Aalto University School of Business Organization and Management Main dissertation advisor Professor Risto Tainio, Aalto University, Finland Opponent Professor András Gábor, Corvinus University, Hungary Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 218/2016 © József Veress ISBN 978-952-60-7086-5 (printed) ISBN 978-952-60-7085-8 (pdf) ISSN-L 1799-4934 ISSN 1799-4934 (printed) ISSN 1799-4942 (pdf) http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-7085-8 Unigrafia Oy Helsinki 2016 Finland Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, Finland; Wallenberg (Marcus) Foundation, Finland Abstract Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto.fi Author József Veress Name of the doctoral dissertation TRANSFORMATIONAL OUTCOMES OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS Publisher School of Business Unit Organization and Management Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 218/2016 Field of research Organization and Management Date of the defence 11 November 2016 Language English Monograph Article dissertation Essay dissertation Abstract The study is an explorative inquiry of the empirical world of civil society organizations. The thesis analyses their transformational outcomes in context of networked knowledge-based societies and emerging digital second economy (Arthur, 2011). Recent systematic surveys indicate an ongoing global participative revolution (Salamon et al., 2003) and the growing role of civil society - for decades under-researched (Anheier, 2004). The thesis focuses on a sample- case and it analyses five clusters of 21 case-communities located primarily in Finland and Hungary that may exemplify a broad array of civil society organizations with transformational dynamism. The collection of empirical data combined interviews, (participative-) observation, and archival research. The study deploys methodological pluralism (Van de Ven and Poole, 2005) and process methods to explore organizational change. The thesis follows an 'extended' realist view (Bhaskar, 1978; Tsoukas, 1989) by analysing transformational impacts (actual domain); sources and mechanisms of transformational dynamism (real domain); and yet emergent, transformational outcomes constitutive of associational societal kinetics ('future domain'). It allows for creating "ideal type" (Weber, 1949) constructs constitutive of the civil society players' transformational dynamism and social agency. The study argues that civil society entities are characterized by feedbacks of (i) association- prone configuration of structuration (Giddens, 1984) and (ii) continuous self-organizing enabling to "organize without organization" (Shirky, 2008). This constellation interplays with multidimensional changes including association-prone institutional transformations and horizontal and decentralized enactment, sharing, and multiplication of distributed resources. The association-prone institutional-relational dynamism and improved effectiveness of resourcing are mutually catalytic and provide the capability of social agency. They generate abundant social capital and a radius of trust reaching beyond boundaries of particular organizations enabling networking self-upgrading into project (Castells, 1996) or third level (Vitányi, 2007) social entities bringing about new dialectics of cooperation (and competition). Such collaboration 'without boundaries' has inclusive and un-fragmented character - preventing paradoxical transformation of intra-organizational cooperation into dominance- seeking inter-organizational competition. This constellation may generate associational societal kinetics and 'horizontal emergence' of knowledge societies through convergence among market and public sectors and self-empowering civil society that is driven by a new, digital second economy. These feedback transformations interplay with the extension and upgrading of collective resource base and the improved effectiveness of common resourcing operating as selective mechanism of changes. Keywords civil society, cooperative dynamism, enhanced effectiveness of resourcing , ISBN (printed) 978-952-60-7086-5 ISBN (pdf) 978-952-60-7085-8 ISSN-L 1799-4934 ISSN (printed) 1799-4934 ISSN (pdf) 1799-4942 Location of publisher Helsinki Location of printing Helsinki Year 2016 Pages 434 urn http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-7085-8 WĂŐĞϭ Table of contents Table of contents͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭ Acknowledgments͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϯ List of figures͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϳ List of tables͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϴ 1. Introduction͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϵ 1.1 Research problem͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϵ 1.2 Communities as civil society organizations͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϮ dŚĞĐŚĂŶŐŝŶŐĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌĂŶĚŶŽƚŝŽŶŽĨĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚŝĞƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϮ ŝǀŝůƐŽĐŝĞƚLJŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϳ ŝǀŝůƐŽĐŝĞƚLJͲĂĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂďůĞĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĨŽƌĐĞ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϮϮ tŝůůďĞƚŚĞƉŽƐƚͲŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůƐŽĐŝĞƚLJĂĐŽůůĂďŽƌĂƚŝǀĞĐŝǀŝůƐŽĐŝĞƚLJ͍͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϯϭ 1.3 Research gap and Research question͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϯϲ 1.4 Purpose and limitations͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϯϴ 1.5 Units and levels of empirical analysis͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϰϭ 2. Research Methods͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϰϯ 2.1 Research methodology͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϰϯ dŚĞĐĂƐĞƐƚƵĚLJĚƌŝǀĞŶ͕ŐĞŶĞƌĂůŝƚLJĨŽĐƵƐĞĚĐŽŶĐĞƉƚĐƌĞĂƚŝŽŶ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϰϲ WƌŽĐĞƐƐŵĞƚŚŽĚƐŽĨĞdžƉůŽƌŝŶŐĐŚĂŶŐĞƐŝŶŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϰϵ ^ƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĂƚŝŽŶͲƚŚĞŽƌLJĂƐĂŶĂŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂůƚŽŽů͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϱϭ ZĞƐŽƵƌĐĞͲĚƌŝǀĞŶĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϱϰ 2.2 Data collection͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϱϱ Ϯ͘ϯdŚĞĂŶĂůLJƐŝƐŽĨĞŵƉŝƌŝĐĂůĚĂƚĂ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϱϴ
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