70 CONGR~SSIONAL RECORD~SENATE JANUARY 11 H. R. 965. A bill for the relief of Joseph A. ' Senator from the State of New York, ap- The VICE PRESIDENT. Eighty-seven Plozy: to the Committee on Military Affairs. peared in their seats today. · H. R. 966. A bill for the relief of Wallace Senators have answered to their names. Taylor; to the Committee on 'Military Affairs. THE JOURNAL A quorum is present. H. R. 967. A bill for the relief of Anastazja THE BUDGET (H. DOC. NO. 27) Nowik; to the Committee on Immigration and On request of Mr. BARKLEY, and by Naturalization. unanimous consent, the reading of the The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the H. R. 968. A bill for the relief of Robert Journal of the proceedings of Thursday, Senate a message from the President of Richard White; to the Committee on Naval January 7, 1943, was dispensed with, and the United States, transmitting the Affairs. the Journal was approved. Budget of the United States Government H. R. 969. A bill for the relief of the firm MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1944, of the American Wrecking Co. of Chicago, Ill.; which was read, referred to the Commit to the Committee on Claims. Messages in writing from the Presi tee on Appropriations, and ordered to be H. R. 970. A bill. granting a pension to Ida dent of the United States were com printed. M. Tillotson; to the Committee on Invalid municated to the Senate by Mr. Miller, Pensions.
States, a project begun in 1927 and which LIQUID FUELS FROM COAL These studies are not limited to de . has proved extremely valuable in the se The scarcity. of fuel oil and gasoline on termining yields of fuel oil and gasoline, lection of coals for blast furnace coke. the Atlantic coast and in the Pacific but also Diesel oil and valuable byprod Consumers of coal and its byproducts Northwest--brought about by transpor ucts important in chemicals, explosives, constantly seek and obtain assistance tation difficulties-has called increasing drugs, and for making plastics. When from the Bureau in solving operating attention to an important phase of re one considers that there are more than and procurement problems. Cooperating search which the Bureau has been con 3,000,000.000,000 tons of coal in reserve with the Office of Solid Fuels Coordinator ducting for several years, namely, the in the United States, the potentialities of the Interior Department, the Bureau studies on extracting liquid fuels from appear enormous. A practical, economi of Mines has inaugurated a survey of coke coal. Although the immediate appli cal method could provide the American ovens and blast furnace operations to im cation in the United States of the known people with gasoline, fuel oil, and certain prove both the quality and quantity of processes of converting coal to liquid valuable byproducts for well over a thou metallurgical coke so that the production fuels is not contemplated and may not sand years at our normal rate of con of pig iron can be increased. even be feasible in existing circum sumption. Only recently the Bureau created the stances, despite sensational newspaper The amount of money allocated to the D.!v;sion of Solid Fuel Utilization for War. stories that would lead one to believe Bureau of Mines for this important ex This is providing technical information to the contrary, this work is nonethe perimental work is amazingly small, and ar..d other data for storing coal and pre less of highest importance. Even though in no way compares with the importance venting spontaneous combustion and the total number of exploratory wells in of the field being developed by the staff degradation of the product. A staff of the petroleum fields has increased in the of skilled chemists and engineers. F,or consultants is employed to inform indus past 5 years, there has been a net de the future security of the Nation and tries which coals can be adopted as sub crease in new reserves of oil discovered for sound economic reasons, the Bureau stitutes for regularly used types, and how since 1938. should be enabled to construct 8.nd op The proved oil reserves of the United erate commercial-size units utilizing operating cycles should be altered so as States are variously estimated at from to permit utilization of the alternate both basic processes of liquefaction so 15,000,000,000 to 20,000,000,000 barrels that it can adequately determine the product, enough, at the 1942 rate of consumption, PETROLEUM RESEARCH best designs for commercial plants and to last no more than 14 years. Of the cost of operating them. If the Bu From the War and Navy Departments, course, since it is impossible to withdraw reau had adequate funds, it is my con the Office of Petroleum Administrator this oil at a rate of one and one-half viction that the United States could de for War, :omd other Government agencies, billion barrels annually over the entire velop not only the cheapest but the best the Bureau of Mines constantly receives 14-year period-the rate of production coal-liquefaction plants in the world. requests for technical advice and infor decreases sharply in the early years fol During the current fiscal year only $55,- mation on supplying petroleum products lowing discovery-the oil will be in the 330 has been allotted for work on the for war. In addition to the information ground for many years. But unless re- Bergius process, and $43,000 for research available at a moment's notice-due to . serves are constantly added, shortage of work in the Fischer-Tropsch method. the Bureau's many years of research in oil will ·begin to occur much earlier. Compare this with the $6,000,000 ·one pe petroleum and natural gas-petroleum Foreign countries-without petroleum troleum company spent in investigating engineers are making special studies and reserves such as our own-have resorted cracking processes, or with the $10,000,- surveys to provide additional data when to synthetic production for some time. 000 the iron and steel industries spend the need arises. Only recently, they Germany for · example, has been pro annually for research in their fields. surveyed more than 200 crude oils and ducing much of its motor fuels by con IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH the products from 25 condensate plants version from coal, and at last reports to determine the content of high-octane was getting about 95,000 barrels of gaso We simply have not been giving Fed aviation gasoline stock. They also in line daily by one method alone. Eng eral Government agencies, particularly augurated a series of tests to determine land has constructed and is operating a the Bureau of Mines, enough support the most effective blending of various large-scale hydrogenation plant. in the realm of research. Private in components of 100-octane aviation gaso The United States-cannot rely on the dustry has recognized the returns paid line, and initiated a study to ascertain hope that our natural petroleum re on research. Private industry for many the components of the reservoir fluids serves will continue to supply the Na years has spent an average of more than and the available reserves in certain fields tion's needs forever. We must be pre $300,000,000 annually for research. It which contain material needed in avia- pared to resort to other means when the employs more than 70,000 research tion gasoline. .:.- time comes. It is therefore urgent that workers in 2,200 laboratories. Another vital job of these engineers is all the processes and methods of ob At random I will choose a few indus that of evaluating the sources and means tai'!'ling liquid fuels-whether from our tries to show just how important they of extracting war materials from petro oil shale reserves or by conversion of consider research. The food industry leum, including butadiene, a SO'Jrce of coal, or both-be worked on, and that before the war spent more than $6,000,- synthetic rubber. the most efficient, productive, and eco 000 annually; the chemical industries, nomical methods be determined and be more than $42,000,000; the petroleum To stimulate crude-oil production in industry, $22,000,000; manufacturers of Appalachian oil fields for the war and to ready to be put into operation at the proper time. electrical machinery allocated more further the conservation of petroleum, than $18,000,000 yearly for research the Bureau of Mines opened a petroleum The Bureau of Mines has conducted experiments on some of our oil shales, alone; and the nonferrous metal indus field office at Franklin, Pa., in April 1942. tries, more than $5,000,000. Staffed with Bureau engineers, this office and now is working on two different methods of liquefying coal. One of these Recently the National Resources Com is supplying technical information to de mittee reported: termine the best and most practical is the Bergius method, or so-called di rect hydrogenation method. In a small The research activities of the Bureau of methods of repairing wells and repres Mines are similarly national in scope, and too suring the sands to permit maximum re experimental plant in its Pittsburgh lab extensive for any nongovernmental agency covery of crude oil for our war planes oratories, the Bureau has already tested to engage in. The mining industry is con and other battle equipment. In the pe various American coals. It has been tributing data of much value, but each seg troleum experiment stations at Bartles found that virtually all high-volatile and ment of the industry is ·concerned only with ville, Okla., and Laramie, Wyo., the en subbituminous coals and lignites can the technology of its own particular ores or tire chemistry and refining program is be liquefied by this process, and that the minerals, while the Bureau of Mines from being devoted to a search for answers to yield will vary from about 30 gallons its detached position may investigate the questions regarding the essential nature of gasoline from a ton of lignite to about problems of the industry as a whole. of crude oils, natural gas, condensates, 60 gallons from a ton of high-volatile In 1940 the National Resources Plan and their components. One contribu bituminous coal. The Bureau also has ning Board stated: tion is the Bureau's tests to determine conducted some experiments with the It is essential to the national economy the changes that may be expected 1n synthetic process, sometimes called the that the stream of technological progress aviation gasoline and evaporation losses indirect hydrogenation method, or fiows freely. Engineering advances cannot of blend components in storage. · Fischer-Tropsch process. go far without simultaneous or preceding 88 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 11 advances in creating new metallurgical ma methods of lubrication, and dozens of action be taken to prevent the heavy toll terials. Metallurgical research 1s an essen other topics. of deaths and injuries in our coal mines. tial national resource, because technological advances do not just happen automatically; Only a few months ago a United States During the 5-year period, 1907 to 1911, they have to be produced deliberately. Naval Air Station Trade School used 36 there were 13,81)6 fatal injuries, or an films furnished by the Bureau of Mines average of 2,761 annually. In 1911 alone We who determine the course of work in instructing 4,000 young men in various there were 2,656 fatalities in the produc which Government agencies such as the occupations and familiarizing them with tion of 496,371,126 tons of coal-or only Bureau of Mines undertake, must be as industrial processes and industrial areas. 186,462 tons produced per fatal injury. foresighted and as much dedicated to a Bureau of Mines motion pictures con In 1941, when mine operators and belief in the future as are our tecrni tain no advertising, brand names, trade miners alike responded again to the plea cians and scientists. marks, or other material that might be for more and more coal, the output HELIUM PRODUCTION interpreted as advertising, although the reached an estimated 556,474,900 tons One of the important functions of the entire production cost of the films has the highest since 1929-and fatalities Bureau of Mines-and one for which the been borne by cooperating industrial were estimated at 1,264-or an average of Bureau has not always received well concerns. The name of the industrial one fatal injury per 440,645 tons of coal earned credit-is that of operating helium firm appears only at the beginning and produced. Thus, since 1911, the tonnage plants. Our . Government has a world end of each film. In the past 26 years per fatal injury has increased 136 per monopoly of helium, and today it is pro the Bureau has obtained without cost to cent, and fatalities have been cut 52 per ducing the gas in record-breaking quan the Government 110 motion pictures cent. tities. It is this light-weight, noninf!.am which were financed by private industry Under the Federal Coal Mine Inspec mable gas which goes into our blimps at a cost to various industrial concerns tion Act, the Bureau of Mines sent its that are on the alert for submarines. or agencies of approximately $1,400,000. first inspectors into the field December Helium also is used by the Weather Bu The only expem:e to the Bureau for all 1, 1941. All veteran mining men, and reau to carry sensitive recording instru these films has been the employment of all civil service appointees, they under ments into the higher altitudes. It is a safety engineer as a consultant during went a "refresher" course at Pittsburgh being used in surgery to lessen the production of the pictures and the main before starting to work. They were chances of accidents involving the use tenance of a small staff at Pittsburgh to trained anew in first aid and in mine of anesthetics, by the Navy for rescue operate the circulating film library. This rescue work, and attended lectures by diving, and for many other purposes. library, the largest educational motion Bureau of Mines men who are recognized Needs of the Army, the Navy, and other picture library of its type in the world, authorities in coal mining. agencies for large amounts of helium were has more than 6,000 reels of film in con Thoroughness characterizes the work forecast by the Bureau many months ago. stant circulation. of the Federal coal-mine inspectors. The Seventy-seventh Congress approved At the present time, Bureau motion They are trained to get facts and to aid the expenditure of more than $15,000,000 pictures are being flown across the both operators and miners in pursuing for tile construction of additional helium Atlantic to be shown to members of the safe practices. They are part of a co plants so that the future supply of this Royal Air Force and to students at Brit operative, safety-educational movement, gas will be ample. Because of research, ish flying training schools. They are and the degree of safety in the mines helium no longer is a costly product; but being sent to South American republics they inspect is measured by the yard the Bureau constantly is conducting under arrangement with the Division of stick of some 600 tentative standards studies to lower the costs still further. Cultural Relations of the State Depart drawn up by the Bureau of Mines as the Ever since the United States entered the ment. They are being shown in Canada result of more than three decades of ex First World War the Bureau has con to war workers so those men and women perience in the field and in the labora tinued comprehensive surveys of the na will be able to perform their jobs more tory. · tural gases and gas-producing areas of efficiently. Day by day the demand for During their first 12 months of duty the United States for helium for Gov Bureau films is increasing, and so popu Federal coal-mine inspectors examined ernment purposes. It has been de lar are the films that bookings sometimes in 20 States coal mines employing more termined that natural gases containing are made many months in advance. than a fourth of all coal-mine employees helium are widely distributed over the During 1942 more than 100,000 show and produting about half of all the coal. United States, but so far only a few lo ings of the Bureau of Mines motion pic Preliminary and detailed reports regard calities have been discovered in which tures were given. In addition to the · ing·their findings and recommendations the volume of the gases themselves and · armed forces and grade and high school were prepared. The preliminary reports their helium content are sufficiently large pupils, the audiences included students are posted at the mine portal shortly Jor economical production of helium. of aeronautical schools, industrial train after the inspection is completed, and The Bureau of Mines believes that only ing cla~ses in colleges and universities, contain recommendations for correcting the surface has been scratched with re civilian defense classes, participants in hazardous conditions which need imme spect to the commercial uses of helium. first-aid classes, C. C. C. workers and, of diate attention. Later a detailed report Research for additional utilization of the course, thousands of miners. is prepared for each mine. This report, gas is continuing, but right now the em COAL-MINE INSPECTION containing analyses of air and mine phasis is on military uses. Only recently \Vhile the war necessarily has empha dust samples, gives a complete picture of a new welding process utilizing helium sized the Bureau's work in mineral ex the mine. Every phase of operation is was developed for uses in connection with plorations, metallurgy, petroleum, and described in the reports: Safe practices airplane parts and assemblies. natural gas, its activities in the conserva as well as unsafe practices are pointed MOTION PICTURES tion of health and the promotion of out. Motion pictures prepared under the safety have increased amazingly in ·when the new inspectors entered the supervision of the Bureau to promote recent months. Realizing that every mines they were faced with the fact that, safety, conservation, and efficiency are man-hour of work in the coal mine despite the progress made in cutting gaining international prominence. Since means that much more fuel for the Na down the toll of deaths and injuries, ac 1916 the Bureau has been cooperating tion's war plants, Bureau of Mines safety cidents still cost this Nation a potential with the mineral industries in the pro engineers and mining engineers have loss of approximately 11,000,000 tons of duction of motion pictures which now speeded up their work under the Coal coal annually. They realized, too, that are being shown, not only to miners and Mine Inspection Act, a measure passed by in 1 year alone injured coal miners were petroleum field workers, but to members Congress in May 1941, which gave the away from their jobs 2,200,000 working of the armed forces of the United States Bureau of .Mines-for the first time days. and Great Britain. These motion pic authority to enter any coal mine to in Because in the administration of this tures are helping win the war. They vestigate operating conditions and prac act under the direction of Dr. R. R. Say cover a wide range of subjects pertaining tices from a safety standpoint and to ers, Director of the Bureau, the Federal to the mineral industries-the machin make recommendations to safeguard the inspectors have made it plain that their ing, riveting, and welding of metals, the lives of miners and protect property. objective is to be helpful and coopera operation of gasoline and Diesel engines, The Bureau of Mines was created in tive, industry has responded favorably. the development of oil wells, proper 1910, when the public demanded that Likewise mine workers and State ins:pec- 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN!... TE 89 tion services have demonstrated their de and stand well down the list as a cause recommendations made by the Federal sire to cooperate. The Federal act was of fatalities. Explosions result from the inspectors are adopted immediately. not intended to replace State laws and ignition of methane, a gas liberated by Many letters have been received by the regulations, but rather to permit the in coal beds, or from the ignition of coal Bureau from mine operators commend spection of mines under uniform stand dust. In many gas explosions the blast ing the inspectors and calling attention ards relating to health and safety. The is propagated by coal dust, and thus be to the changes and improvements which coal-mining industry today is governed comes more devastating. At Bruceton, have been made as a result of the inspec by different codes in 29 States. Pa., the Bureau of Mines maintains an tors' visits: COAL-MINE ACCIDENT TOLL experimental mine where explosions are Our company was very much opposed to manufactured. As a result of experi~ the Federal inspection bill and did not see The Federal coal-mine inspection pro ments extending over many years, the what it could accomplish and thought there gram is gaining impetus daily, and ulti Bureau has determined ways of prevent was a lot of duplication of inspection work. mately it is expected that nearly 2,000 ing explosions. Effective ventilation, . We were under the impression that it might mines a year will be reached. In con Bureau engineers found, will dilute bring about a lot of confliction between the junction with the many other safety methane and carry it from mines. Rock State department of mines, the Federal de· activities of the Bureau, the inspection partment, and the companies, but since the dust, or powdered limestone, when spread law has gone into effect we have had two program is exerting a definite influence in coal mines in sufficient amounts ren of our mines inspected by one of the Fed toward the reduction of accidents, de ders coal dust incombustible and pre eral inspectors, and we have begun to feel spite the handicaps resulting from the vents it from entering into or propagat differently since these Inspections. Per· war. The coal-mining industry battled ing an explosion. Therefore, the Bureau sonally, I feel that the Federal bill is going against great odds last year. Young, ac recommends that all bituminous and lig to be a great help to the coal companies. tive men skilled in the operation of high nite mines be rock-dusted. It is our desire to cooperate with your speed mechanical equipment were called department in making our mines as safe as A tiny spark is capable of igniting an possible, and I wish to express my appre to the armed forces; thousands of others explosive mixture of methane and air. ciation at this .time for the cooperation we trained to operate and repair equipment Thus, the Bureau recommends that only received from your men when they made went to war plants. Yet, despite the fact permissible electrical equipment be used the inspection of our mine. that new workers had to be trained and in coal mines and that only permissible We believe the inspector's · report gives a shortages of manpower existed from time explosives be used for breaking down clear picture of conditions at our mine dur to time, the industry came through with coal. The word "permissible" is applied ing the time of his visit, and we welcome flying colors. The coal-mining industry, to a piece of mining equipment or ma his recommendations for the improvement both anthracite and bituminous, came terial only after the Bureau has sub of any faults which he encountered. Every through 1942 with greatly increased pro effort is being made to remedy any unsatis jected it to exhaustive tests to deter factory condition that may exist at our duction and with virtually no increase in mine its characteristics under extreme mine. its accident rate. Under the pressure of conditions. We feel you ·should know that we were increased output, accidents in other A piece of permissible electrical equip glad of the opportunity to have an inspec· major industries jumped about 20 per ment, when maintained in permissible tion and appreciated the fine manner in cent since their wartime production pro condition and properly operated, will not which your inspector conducted his inspec grams got under way. cause an explosion. Permissible explo tion of conditions and practices at our mine. Before the Bureau of Mines was cre We are all learning the real meaning of co. sives, when fired in a permissible manner, operation, and through the fine working to ated no accurate records were kept re are less likely to ignite explosive atmos gether of your c;lepartments and the coal garding the death toll of coal mines, but pheres because they do not emit as long operators we feel we can accomplish a great we know that an average of about 2,500 and as lasting a flame as does black deal of good for our industry. to 3,000 men lost their lives each year. blasting power, which, in the past, was We know, for example, that back in 1907, the most common explosive. The safest Here are excerpts from letters from 261 men lost their lives in a mine explo coal mines of today are those which use the representatives of labor: sion, and that 13 days later 239 men were permissible equipment and which adhere I am sure that both the management and killed in another explosion in another to timbering, ventilating, haulage, and the men who are employed at this mine feel State. Since 1910, when the Bureau rock-dusting standards such as those safer because they now know from an im launched its safety program in the coal suggested by the Bureau of Mines and partial body that it really is a safe mine to mining industry, the death toll has been those written into the laws of·the most .work in, and that the company, along with the men, are cooperating on a safety program cut more than one-half. This has been progressive mining States. of accident prevention. accomplished in the face of the mechani FALLS OF ROOF AND COAL I want to compliment the department on zation of mines-the introduction of Falls of roof and coal, which cause its splendid report and recommendations, high-speed equipment which has brought nearly half of all fatal injuries and a and assure you that district __ , United Mine its own hazards. Back in 1907, in the bi heavy percentage of all nonfatal acci Workers of America, stands ready at all times tuminous mines alone more than 2,500 dents in coal mines of the United States, to cooperate with your department in es lives were lost: Compare this with 1941- can be prevented by systematic timbering .tablishing safety in the mines of the South the year production was surging toward and roof testing. The Bureau has de west. new heights. In 1941, 1,000 men lost voted extensive research to timbering SAFETY TRAINING WORK their lives. Today, thanks to continued problems and has prepared many pam In its safety-education program for progress in the Bureau's safety work, phlets describing proper timbering meth the . mineral industries the Bureau of thousands upon thousands of men who ods. Haulage accidents, which usually Mines has fostered interest in first aid otherwise might have been sacrificed are rank next to falls of roof and coal, like as a necessary step toward curbing acci in our mines producing coal. wise have been studied extensively by the dents. Since the establishment of the Coal mining, it is said, is hazardous. Bureau, and many safe operating stand Bureau in 1910, more than 1,500,000 per Yet a Pennsylvania mine operated 8 ards have been formulated to overcome sons have taken the Bureau of Mines years without a fatality while producing the dangers encountered in hauling coal first-aid course, and most of those were more than 3,000,000 tons of coal. In in the mines and at the surface plants. men connected with the mineral indus Colorado, a mine operated from 1932 LETTERS OF COMMENDATION tries. until 1941 without a fatal accident, while Federal coal-mine inspectors are work In the past fiscal year, nearly 100,000 producing well over a million tons of coal, ing night and day in their job of promot employees of the mining and affiliated most of which came from pillar-recovery ing health and safety in the coal mines, industries received first-aid and mine work, the most hazardous operation in and many letters of commendation have rescue instruction. In addition, with coal mining. Bureau of Mines files show been received from mine operators and the training of nearly 1,500 as first-aid equally impressive records for other representatives of the workmen attesting instructors, more than 16,000 persons mines. to the value of the inspection program. throughout the Nation became qualified Explosions in coal mines, which are The operators and workmen are proud of to teach the Bureau of Mines first-aid headlined in the press because they take the progress they have made toward course in the civilian defense program the greatest toll of life at a single time, making coal mines better and safer places of the Ofilce of Civilian Defense. L==tst fortunately are becoming less frequent, in which to work. In many instances, year the Bureau of Mines awarded 117 90 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 'JANUARY 11 certificates to industrial plants for hav explosives and ingredients of explosives calendar year 1942, 672 of the 754 can ing all employees trained in first aid. by means of a licensing system. The vasses on metals made by the Bureau Safety instructors, coal mine inspec Bureau also conducts investigations of were conducted specifically for war agen tors, and other Bureau personnel are the manufacture, storage, thefts, or cies. The quarterly iron and steel scrap ready at all times to assist in mine-rescue losses of explosives, and of fires and ex survey has been changed to a monthly and recovery operations after disasters. plosions in which explosives are believed basis as an additional service for war All are skilled in the use of oxygen or known to be a contributing factor. industries and agencies. . breathing apparatus and gas masks and To carry on the licensing work the In the field of nonmetallics, the stud in procedures connected with fires, explo Bureau has appointed nearly 4,500 pub ies also have been speeded and broad sions, or floods. This training is passed lic officials as licensing agents. These ened. The Bureau makes monthly can along to mining men, and the Nation agents, who serve without pay except for vasses of mica, gre,phite, asbestos, barium thus has a reserve of men who can be a 25-cent fee for each license, have issued oxide, and natural sodium compounds; a called into action to assist in civilian de some 225,000 licenses. Forty-eight ex semimonthly canvass of cement; and fense and rescue work arising from the plosives investigators are at work in the special canvasses of quartz crystals, min war. various States and Alaska, supervising eral pigments, and industrial diamonds. OTHER IMPORTANT ROLES and guiding the licensing agents and in Special reports liltewise are issued re The Bureau of Mines is playing other vestigating the manufacture, handling, garding the sources of high-grade dolo important roles in the promotion of storage, and use of explostves. In carry mite needed for magnesium metal, health and safety in the mineral indus ing out its duties, the Explosives Control sources of magnesia, processes for re tries. A new unit composed of doctors, Division of the Bureau works closely with covering magnesia from dolomite, mag chemists, and engineers is making in the Army and Navy .Intelligence Serv nesia refractories, resources and uses of vestigations and studies of occupational ices, the Office of Civilian Defense, and monazite, uses and supplies of strontium, diseases in the coal mining industry, in the Office of the Chief of Ordnance, and sources of high-grade clays for alumi conjunction with the work of the Coal the Provost Marshal General. num salts, and nonmetallic mineral in Mine Inspection Division. In order to MINERAL PRODUCTION SECURITY PROGRAM dustries in the South. maintain the highest levels of available In the summer of 1942, the Bureau of The work of the Bureau in collecting manpower, the gas and dust laboratory Mines launched its mineral production facts and figures regarding the petrole at the Central Experiment Station at security program to prevent sabotage um and natural gas industries is aiding Pittsburgh has been enlarged to handle and to investigate possible subversive Government agencies in rationing prob the increased number of air and dust activities in the Nation's metal mines, lems, control of production, and read samples submitted by coal mine inspec coal mines, quarries, mills, smelters, and justment in refinery operations. The tors; respiratory devices for protection allied mineral facilities. A staff of monthly reviews regarding aviation gaso against gases, fumes, and dusts are being engineer-investigators was trained at the line, which were begun in 1939, and investigated; and studies are being made Central Experiment Station at Pitts which have been supplemented by ca for the Army and the Navy regarding burgh and was sent into the field to pacity surveys, are proving of special health factors in some military equip work in close coordination with the value to the program of expanding out ment. mine inspectors, explosives investigators, put to meet war needs. The Bureau's explosives-testing pro safety engineers, and other field person The need of war agencies for cross gram, conducted for many years with a nel of the Bureau, as well as in coopera sectional views of the coal and coke in view to maintaining safe characteristics tion with other .Federal agencies con dustries also is being filled by the Bureau in explosives and blasting devices, has cerned with the facility security program of Mines, which has expanded current been broadened because of the war. Re of the Government. studies and has inaugurated new studies search by Bureau chemists has proved of ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS so that a glance wm ·reveal just how these great. value to military officials. High Accurate information on the produc industries are progressing and where speed explosion diaphragms were devel tion, trade, distribution, supply, and con shortages threaten. Another service of oped to protect equipment and employ sumption of minerals and mineral com the Bureau is that which supplies essen ees in speci~l war industries against gas modities is essential to the war, to in tial information relating to production, explosions; studies were made of the ex dustry, and to the Bureau of Mines and stocks, and exports of strategic and criti plosion and inflammability characteris other Federal war agencies. The Bu cal minerals by foreign countries. These tics of chemicals used by the synthetic reau's economics and statistical service, figures are obtained on a confidential rubber and plastics industries; further which supplies these up-to-date facts, basis from official sources in nonenemy studies were conducted regarding the use has accelerated and intensified its work countries. of helium in preventing explosions of of showing where materials come from, Mr. President, with the limited time anesthetic mixtures. where they go, who uses them, and other available it has been possible to present For safeguarding industries using Die pertinent details as requested by the only a brief review of the splendid work sel engines in explosive or combustible War Production Board, the Army and the Bureau of Mines is doing to help this atmospheres, a testing gallery was com Navy Munitions Board, the Office of Nation and her allies win the war. In pleted and experiments are being con Price Administration, the Metals Re my opinion, this agency has provided the ducted. At the request of the Ordnance serve Company, and the Board of Eco United States with an outstanding exam Department of the Army, plant-security nomic Warfare. This war job involves ple of the foresighted and efficient con stud!es are made of ordnance facilities. more than 100 minerals. The complete version of an old-line bureau to a vibrant Several d.e:rr.olition studies also have been picture is assembled by experts from ma and progressive wartime organization-a made in cooperation with the Army. terial furnished by the thousands of conversion made possible by long and The Bur~au has assigned an engineer to American establishments in the mineral careful preparation and by an early cooperate with the Chemical Warfare field. As a result of the wartime de realization of the possibilities of Amer Service of the War Department in con mand for information regarding the ica's vast natural resources. nection with civilian protection activi supply, consumption, and distribution of There is no question that virtually all ties. One recent discovery by the Bu minerals, the economics and statistical the Bureau's work is directly concerned reau is that hard coal-tar pitch, in gran service of the Bureau now requires the with the war program and the most effec ulated form, is excellent for extinguish handling of more than 1,400 regular can ing magnesium fires in industrial plants. tive aid to the war effort of this country's vasses and the analysis, tabulation, and seven and one-half billion dollar mineral FEDERAL EXPLOSIVES ACT dissemination of the results. In addi production industry. Without this in Shortly after the United States en tion, many special surveys are conducted dustry--coal, metals, nonmetals, petro tered the war the Bureau of Mines was from time to time in response to specific leum, coke, and dozens of other vital designated by the Congress to adminis requests from war agencies. mineral fields-the United States could ter the Federal Explosives Act, an anti The Bureau provides war agencies not rank as the "arsenal of democracy," sabotage measure which provides for the with detailed facts regarding 30 metals nor would we be able to produce, as we control of the manufacture, purchase, on a monthly basis. These studies cover did in 1942, as much war material as all sale, use, and possession of nonmilitary both producers and consumers. In the of the Axis Nations put together. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 91 Enormous wealth is drawn from our NOMINATIONS Louis Bloch, from the State of Califomla, mines, and millions of people depend to be program-control technician at $5·,600 Executive nominations received by the per annum in the San Francisco regional upon the industry for a living, When Senate January 11, 1943: office of the War Manpower Commission. these minerals are processed or fabri John D. Kingsley, from the State of Ohio, cated into war materials as well as arti SUPR~ME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES Wiley Blount Rutledge, of Iowa, to be an to be program control technician at $5,600 cles which every man, woman, and child Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the per annum in the Cleveland regional office in the country must have in order to sus United States, vice Hon. James F. Byrnes, of the War Manpower Commission. tain our high standard of living, the resigned. David G. Nagle from the State of Mas value of the industry is multiplied many sachusetts, to be field supervisor at $5,600 times. The influence of the mineral in DIPLOMATIC AND FOREIGN SERVICE per annum in the Boston regional office of Edward J. Flynn, of New York, to be Envoy the War Manpower Commission. .dustries extends into transportation, Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary Reuben B. Resnik, from the State of Texas, agriculture, explosives, electrical manu of the United States of America to Australia. to be field supervisor, at $5,600 per annum, in facturing, steel making, yes, into every The following-named persons now Foreign the Dallas regional office of the War Man activity of the Nation. Service officers of class seven and secretaries power Commission. Throughout the years of its early his in the Diplomatic Service to be also consuls Carlos Stageberg, from the State .of Minne tory, during the so-called defense era of the United States of America: sota, to be senior labor utilization analyst, beginning with 1939, and in the actual Panl J . Reveley, of Connecticut. at $4,600 per annum, in the Minneapolis re John Peabody Palmer, of Washington. gional office of the War Manpower Commis- war period dating from Pearl Harbor, Henry E. Stebbins, of Massachusetts. sion. , the Bureau of Mines has forged steadily Waldo E. Bailey, of Mississippi. Charles w. Patrick, from the State of Cali ahead in all branches of its work and has Jacob D. Beam, of New Jersey. fornia, to be senior training specialist, at not relaxed its vigilance one iota. For Mulford A. Colebrook, of New York. $4,600 per annum in the San Francisco area office of the War Manpower Commission. that reason it has been able during this CIVIL AERONAUTICS BOARD emergency to show the Nation how and Donald Theodore Larin, from the State .of where it may best utilize the land's God Josh Lee, of Oklahoma, to be a member of North Dakota, to be senior agricultural em the Civil Aeronautics Board in the Depart-· ployment specialist, at $4,600 per annum, in given resources in making planes and ment of Commerce for the remainder of the the Minneapolis regional office of the War guns and ships and other weapons for term expiring December 31, 1943, vice George Manpower Commission. resto1ing order to a gangster-ridden P. Baker. George P. Williams, from the State of world. It has demonstrated in the pilot OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION Georgia, to be senior housing and transporta plant, in the laboratory, and in the far tion specialist, at $4,600 per annum, in the flung mineral deposits of the country Prentiss M. Brown, of Michigan, to be Atlanta regional office of the War Manpower Price Administrator, Office of Price Admin Commission. how the United States can and should istration, vice Leon Henderson. make itself independent of many of the Marion A. Gregg, from the State of Ohio, WAR MANPOWER COMMISSION to be area director, at $4,600 per annum, in foreign sources of raw materials. the Youngstown, Ohio, area office of the War All of this has been accomplished in Chester W. Hepler, from the State of Illi nois, to be area director at $5,6.00 per annum Manpower Commission. the face of obstacles and handicaps in the Chicago area omce of the War Man Harry H. Hansborough, Jr., from the State which would have discouraged a less power Commission. of Kentucky, to be area director, at $4,600 per hardy group of workers or an organiza John Bradley Haight, from the State of annum, in the Louisville, Ky., area office of tion that did not keep before it the shin Indiana, to be area director at $5,600 per the War Manpower Commission. ing goal of conserving wisely and utiliz annum in the Indianapolis area office of the Leroy Allison West, from the State of Colo ing efficiently the valuable minerals be War Manpower Commission. rado, to be area director, at $4,600 per annum, neath the earth's crust. The Congress George D. Penniman, Jr., from the State in the Denver area office of the War Man of Maryland, to the position of labor utiliza power Commission. deserves gredit for encouraging and sup Thomas J. Corcoran, from the State of New porting the Bureau of Mines in its diffi tion analyst at $6,500 per annum in the Washington regional office of the War Man York, to be area director, at $4,600 per annum, cult task of aiding our mineral industries power Commission. in the Syracuse area office of the War Man in the orderly development and exploi William P. Edmunds, from the State of power Commission. tation of domestic resources. Ohio, to the position of area director at $6,500 Aloysius J. McGinty, from the State of New Mr. President, with the United States per annum in the Cleveland area office of York, to be area director, at $5,600 per annum, fighting for its very existence and with In the Albany area office of the War Manpower the War Manpower Commission. Commission. irrefutable proof that its existence de T. Hilliard Cox, from the State of Ne William Parkinson, from the State of Ne pends upon many of the things for which braska, to the position of program control braska, to be area director, at $4,600 per the Bureau of Mines has long struggled, technician at $5,600 per annum in the Kansas annum, in the Omaha area. office of the War I feel that every Member of this body City, Mo., regional office of the War Man Manpower Commission. power Commission. Daniel J. Boyle, from the State of Massa should understand what is being done by Louis C. M. Abolin, from the State of New agencies such as the Bureau. chusetts, to be field supervisor, at $5,600 per York, to the position of assistant labor utili annum, in the Boston regional office of the To the Members of the Seventy-eighth zation analyst (trainee) at $4,600 per annum War Manpower Commission. Congress-both the veterans and the in the Washington regional office of the War Frederick J. Graham, from the State of new Members-as a member of the Com Manpower Commission. Massachusetts, to be field supervisor, at $5,600 mittee on Mines and Mining, I can Edward L. Stevens, from the State of Vir per annum, in the Boston regional office of strongly recommend the work and ac.:. ginia, to the position of field supervisor at the War Manpower Commission. complishments of the Bureau of Mines $5,600 per annum in the Washington regional Julius Cohen, from the State of West Vir as well worth serious consideration and office of the w ·ar Manpower Commission. ginia, to be principal attorney, at $5,600 per Ernest James Jaqua, from the State of annum, in the office of the general counsel study, for to understand what this California, to be head employment specialist of the War Manpower Commission. agency is accomplishing brings a grate at $6,500 per annum in the Bureau of Train Dr. Paul C. Barton, from the State of ful appreciation of the men in govern ing in the washington office of the War Illinois, to be assistant director at $5,600 per ment and industry who are constantly Manpower Commission. annum for the Procurement and Assignment working for a better America. Merriam H. Trytten, from the State of Service of the Bureau of Placement in the Pennsylvania, to be" principal employment ADJOURNMENT TO THURSDAY Washington office of the War Manpower Com specialist (physics) at $5,600 per annum in mission. The PRESIDING OFFICER TO BE" BRIGADIER GENERAL Mr. BARKLEY and Mr. BREWSTER members their infiuence in the party antl the Col. Henry Barlow Cheadle, Infantry. of the Joint Select Committee on the part Nation today. Col. Joseph Hampton Atkinson (captain, of the Senate, as provided for in the act I doubt very much whether I would Air Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Air of August 5, 1939, entitled "An act to agree with the specific proposal for the Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Army of provide for the disposition of certain organization of the wm·Id government, the Upited States}, Army of the United I States-Air Corps. records of the United States Govern but also doubt very much whether he is Col. LaVerne George Saunders (captain, ment, .. for the disposition of executive particularly wedded to the plan that he Air Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Air papers in the foliowing departments and put forth for discussion. He did not Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Army of agencies: announce his plan dogmatically, but the United States), Army of the United 1. Department of Agriculture. stated at the time that he was merely States-Air Corps. 2. Department of Labor. suggesting a possible solution and for 3. Department of the Navy. purposes of opening discussion on the 4. Post Office Department. matter. Far from being criticized for 5. Department of the Treasury. this he should be applauded, and his 6. Department of War. great foresight and vision should be HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 7. Federal Works Agency. gratefully recognized. One of the great MONDAY, JANUARY 11, 1943 8. War Production Board. tragedies of modern history was the fail The message also announced that the ure of the Allied Nations after the last · The House met at 12 o'clock noon, and Vice President had appointed Mr. BARK war to carefully provide the mechanics was called to order by the Speaker. LEY and Mr. ·BREWSTER members of the to maintain world peace. I am one of The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont Joint Select Committee on the part of those who do not believe that the League gomery, D. D., offered the following the Senate, as provided for in the act of Nations was the answer. I was op prayer: of August 5, 1939, entitled "An act to posed to it, and I would oppose reviving provide for the disposition of certain it after this war; but because no one had Thou blessed Founder of our most records of the United States Govern brought before the people that or any holy faith, who came to us in the form ment," for the disposition of executive other plan for discussion from which a of a little Child, teach us that simplicity papers in the following agencies: really workable solution could have been is the pioneer virtue that makes secure 1. Civil Service Commission. evolved, the League of N&tions had no the foundation of Christian character. 2. Federal Works Agency. alternative; and when it was rejected by The1·e is no power that builds up men 3. Office of War Information. - the people of the United States, there in unselfishness and goodness as that The message also announced that the wa..s nothing to offer in its place. Full which radiates from Him whose life on Vice President had appointed Mr. BARK and proper discussion during the last earth began in a manger. Let us cast LEY and Mr. BREWSTER members of the World War might very well have pro aside our costly treasures, giving us minds Joint Select Committee on the part of duced a real pla.n to which we and all of and hearts to share with all who fear and the Senate, as- provided for in the act of our allies could have subscribed and weep. Dear Saviour, the Friend of August 5, 1939, entitled "An act to pro. that would have been workable. changeless love, bless little children and vide for the disposition of certain records FUrthermore, who better has a· right those of ebbing strength who are seeking of the United States Government," for t-o speak on post-war plans, and espe the rugged way alone and who never bow the disposition of executive papers. in the ei&liy plans that will prevent the ever to defeat. following departments: recurring world wars to which we now We pray that we may ever use our 1. Department of the Navy. seem to be ·subjected than the man who position and privileges to succor the 2. Department of War. shan have taken part in those wars? homeless, the wanderer, and for all who Governor Stassen is a Reserve officer and seek companionship for the day and rest PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE in a few months is resigning his high for the night. · These are they of whom Mr. MAAS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- office as Governor of the State of Min.:. Thou didst say: "Inasmuch as ye have mous consent to proceed for 10 minutes. nesota to enter active service for the done it unto one of the least of these my Tbe SPEAKER. Is there o\>jection to duration of the war. 1 want to assure brethren, ye have done unto Me.. " Al the request of the gentleman from Min you that the men who are fighting this mighty God, make us strong to forbear nesota [~. MAASl? war are going to have a g1·ea.t deal to say and unafraid; help us to spread Thy There was no objection. about post-war conditions in this coun gracious reign until greed and hate shall REPLYING TO ATTACK ON GOV. HAROLD try and throughout the world when this cease, making us noble in feelings and E. STASSEN'S REPUBLICANISM war is over. They are not going to lose in destiny. No fever of unrest can dis the victory in a few years through turb the soul that breathes the lofty Mr. MAAS. Mr. Speaker, I arise to pacifism in this country and through air and learns the way of the Christ.. • challenge the statement questioning international bungling. This Nation Minnesota's Gov. Harold Stassen's Re "The holy Supper is kept indeed. has had to support all of the United publicanism and his right to make sug Nations in this war, and it will have to In what 'so we share with another's gestions relative to the post-war world, need; do a great deal of the fighting everywhere particularly looking toward maintaining in the world. It will certainly have both Not what we give, but what we share, the peace when the victory shall have For the gift without the giver is bare. the right and the obligation to lead the been won. way in the peace and reconstruction that Who gives himself with his alms, feeds From my long and close personal ac three. is. to follow the termination of the war. quaintanceship, I can assure you that I think when the time comes you will Himself, his hungering neighbor, and he is not a stalking horse for anyone. Me ... find Harold Stassen one of those who will Harold Stassen has a mind of his own, be among the leaders at that time. Through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. and he has always spoken it frankly and fearlessly. I disagree with Mr. Stassen Harold Stassen is not only an out standing Republican., but he represents The Journal of the proceedings of on many issues; but his right to express Friday, January 8, 1943. was read and his views is as sacred as any cause we are the finest type of young American. · approved. fighting for in this war. Mr. MAAS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT Far from his Republicanism being mous consent to print Governor Stassen's questionable, he is one of the outstanding remarks to which I referred in the Ap Sundry messages in writing from the pendix of the REcoRD. President of the United States were com Republican leaders in the Nation, and I know of no one who has any better right The SPEAKER. Is there objection to municated to the House by Mr. Miller, the request of the gentleman from Min one of his secretaries: to speak as a Republican on any issue. Harold Stassen was one of the pioneers nesota [Mr. MAAsJ? MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE in the movement of organizing the youth Mr. COLE of New York. Mr. Speaker, A message from the Senate, by Mr. of the Nation under the Republican ban reserving the right to object, I do so Frazier, its legislative clerk, announced ner; he led them to victory in Minnesota; only to ask the gentleman what was the that the Vice President had appointed and has contributed tremendously to source of the criticism of Governor 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 93 Stassen and the questioning of his in that institution received the degree of ligious·poems are published in the Com tegrity? bachelor of arts in 1796 at the age of mon Service Book and Hymnal of the Mr. MAAS. Well, his Republicanism 17. He delivered the valedictory address, Lutheran Church, namely, Lord, With and his right to make this kind of a using "Eloquence" as his topic. And 4 Glowing Heart I Praise Thee, and Be proposal was questioned on the floor of years later he received the degree of fore the Lord We Bow. At one time, Key the House by a Member. master of arts. .gave deep thought to the subject of en Mr. COLE of New York. Has it been In 1827, when St. John's College faced tering the ministry. In 1813, the Rev quesitoned from any other source than a critical period because of the with erend Dr. James Kemp, then rector of that one of which the gentleman spoke? drawal by the State legislature of its St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Baltimore, Mr. MAAS. Not to my knowledge. financial support, Mr. Key was one of the offered him a position at that church, Mr. COLE of New York. Mr. Speaker, foremost leaders of the movement to or an offer which he declined only after I withdraw my reservation of objection. ganize the alumni. He made the prin prayerful consideration. Five days be Mr. CRAWFORD. Mr. Speaker, re cipal address at their first meeting on fore his death, while traveling from serving the right to object, I hope the the subject of public responsibility to in Georgetown to Baltimore by stage coach, gentleman will be more specific. Under stitutions of learning, so forceful that it he composed his final poem, a work date of January 8, I had some remarks resulted in a renewal by the State legis which bespeaks his belief in the life to to make about Mr. Stassen, and I sug lature of financial aid to the college in an come, and some lines of which were al gest that the gentleman point out to me even larger measure. Earlier he had be most prophetic of his end. where I was critical of nim. I may say come a member of the Georgetown-Lan On February 19, 1802, Francis Scott that the RECORD shows that I con caster Society, an organization having Key was married to Miss Mary Tayloe gratulated Mr. Stassen for making those for its principal objective the further Lloyd, of Talbot County and Annapolis, remarks. ance of free public schools. He served a member of one of Maryland's out Mr. MAAS, May I say to the gentle for a number of years as member of and standing and best-known families. Of man from Michigan, it was not his re chairman of a committee charged with this union, there were born 11 children, 6 boys and 5 girls. Most of Mr. Key's marks to which I alluded. There was an this particular phase of its p~ogram. leisure time was spent in the bosom of interruption in his remarks by another Shortly after Francis Scott Key grad Member of the House, and it is the his family. He was a true and d!lvoted uated from St. John's College he entered husband and an inspiration to and com assertions made in that interruption that the law office of his uncle, Phillip Barton I am challenging, panion of his children. Key, in Annapolis, Md., where he served While yet attending St. John's College, The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the usual apprenticeship of 4 years. His the request of the gentleman from Min Francis Scott Key met Roger Brooke regular attendance at sessions of the Taney-later Chief Justice of the United nesota [Mr. MAAS]? Maryland Court of Appeals, the legisla There was no objection. States Supreme Court. There imme ture, and of the nisi prius courts served diately sprang up between them a deep PERMISSION TO ADD.R!ESS THE HOUSE him in good stead in later years. He soon friendship, a bond subsequently strength Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask became a worthy opponent of the best ened by the marriage of Mr. Taney to unanimous consent that at the conclu · lawyers of his day and an adversary to Mr. Key's only sister, Annie. It was to sion of the special orders for the day I be reckoned with before the bar. He his brother-in-law that he told the story may be permitted to address the House was admitted to the bar in the town of of his experiences incident to the writing for 15 minutes to answer some criticisms Frederick, Md., in the year 1800, where of the Star-Spangled Banner, which of the administration's power program, he practiced for the next 5 years, moving story is related by Chief Justice Taney and I hope every one will stay. to Georgetown, D. C., in 1~05. In 1806, in a book of Key poems, published in The SPEAKER. Is there objection to when but 27 years of age, Mr. Key made 1857. the request ·or the .gentleman from Mis his first appearance before the United The masterpiece of his many poems, sissippi [Mr. RANKIN]? States Supreme Court, John Marshall be sonnets, and couplets is, of course, our There was no objection. ing its then Chief Justice. His appear national anthem. He reached the zenith ances before this high tribunal became of his career as a lawyer and orator when, ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEATH OF more and more frequent in the first half by his compelling arguments, he suc FRANCIS SCOTT KEY of the nineteenth century. In 1833 Pres ceeded in securing the release of Dr. Wil Mr. D' ALESANDRO. Mr. Speaker, I ident Andrew Jackson appointed Mr. Key liam Beanes from the commanders of the ask unanimous consent to address the as United States attorney for the Dis British Army and Navy, then planning House for 1 minute. trict of Columbia, the only public office and ready to execute their attack upon The Speaker. Is there objection to the which he ever held. While serving in this the city of Baltimore. No less did his request of the gentleman from Mary capacity the President sent him as a spe prowess as a poet soar to new heights land [Mr. D'ALESANDRo]? cial mediator to Alabama for the purpose as, from the d~ck of an American truce There Wa6 no objection. of settling a dispute which had arisen ship, "one of Ferguson's Norfolk pack Mr. D'ALESANDRO. Mr. Speaker, to there between the local authorities, the ets," anchored some 3 miles off Fort Mc day marks the centennial anniversary of Federal Government, and the Creek In Henry, he watched the destiny of his that day when the God of Peace called dians over a question of jurisdiction. country hang in the balance. When the Francis Scott Key to a well-earned rest Although this controversy had been 26-hour bombardment ended abruptly and to that everlasting reward for which pending for some months when Mr. Key just before dawn on the morning of Sep he· had so well prepared himself; and arrived and had reached such a fever tember 14, 1814, his heart must have sunk By his life, exemplary, distinguished, pitch that armed conftict between the within him. Certainly, he thought the and devoted to the service of his com Indians and the United States Army . fort has been forced to surrender and munity, his State and his Nation, he seemed inevitable, he was able to make that when the morning's sun cast its first made a lasting impression upon all whose ·a favorable report to his superiors within glow over the eastern horizon he would privilege it was to know him and left a 6 days and returned home after 6 weeks, see the flag of the enemy floating over rich and enduring heritage for suc completely successful in having settled the little battlement at the entrance to ceeding generations; and the dispute. · Baltimore's harbor. It was during this It is fitting that there be recorded brief Francis Scott Key was a devout Chris period ·or doubt and anxiety that Francis reference to his life and work. tian, using as his daily creed the precepts Scott Key wrote the first verse of his Francis Scott Key, son of John Ross of the Sermon on the Mount. He served immortal poem. Then, as dawn began to Key and Anne Phoebe Penn Dagworthy for a number of years as lay delegate to brea!\:, he was able to get faint and fleet Charlton Key, was born August 1, 1779, the diocesan conventions of the Episco ing glimpses of our ensign of democracy. at Terra Rubra, located on Pipes Creek in Pal Church in Maryland, and also as · As he writes in his second verse: lay delegate to the general conventions the county of Frederick, now a part of On the shore dimly seen. Carroll County., in the State of Mary of that church. His letters to his moth land. At the age of 10 he entered St. er, to members of his family, and to his Another line: John's College, Annapolis, Md., and as· a friends frequently show the depth of his Now it catches the gleam of the morning's member of the first graduating class of religious -convictions. Two of his re- :first beam. ·94 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY ll · With what relief, pride, and triumph reserved by the Federal Government as age .and independence to regain its dele he must have written the last two lines: a national monument and historic gated legislative powers from the execu 'Tis the Star-Spangled Banner! 0,_ long shrine. The Star-Spangled Banner Flag tive branch of the Government. may it wave, o'er the land of the free and the House, 844 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, I may say in this connection that a home of the brave. wherein Mary Young Pickersgill made distinguished member of the Convention Only in the· third verse does Key speak the mammoth fiag-30 by 42 feet-which which framed our Federal Constitution disparagingly of the enemy but, even in Mr. Key named the Star-Spangled Ban :reminded those who were suffering from . ner in his poem~ is now maintained by tryanny that they possessed the remedy this, his verse of sarcasm, he does not the patriotic people of Baltimore as an by which to rescue themselves from such mention it by name. This is well, for the oppression. Here are his words: defense of Baltimore was the last official historic shrine. Both of these institu tions of inspiration and education are How often and how long has degrading engagement between the armed forces of visited annually by thousands of persons. despotism reigned triumphant because the Great Britain and the United States. enfeebled and desponding sufferers under it There has since followed an era of peace EXTENSION OF REMARKS have not known, or, having once known, have and. amity between these two nations Mr. BLOO:M.. Mr. Speaker, I ask at last forgotten that they retain, during and, having been allied in the first unanimous consent to extend my remarks every moment of their slavery, the right of World War, they are now fighting shoul in the RECORD and to include therein a rescuing themselves from the proud and der to shoulder in a second world con speech delivered -on December 18, 1942, bloated authors and instruments of their fiict. by the Honorable JOHN W. McCoRMACK, oppression. In the fourth and last verse of his majority leader of the House of Repre Under the Trade Treaty Act, the Pres .immortal poem, Francis Scott Key pours sentatives of the Congress of the United ident is empowered to enter into binding forth his true Christian spirit, giving States, at the dedicati-on of a plaque for trade treaties with foreign governments, praise to the heavenly powers for the vic the 168 men of Temple Israel in Boston, without the formality of senate ratifi tory and invoking the blessing of God who are in the armed services. cation, as required by the Constitution. that our cause may ever be just: The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Moreover, he is permitted to reduce tariff 0! thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand the request of the gentlem_an from New duties, as fixed by Congress under its Between their lov'd homes and war's deso York [Mr. BLOOM]? constitutional powers, without specific lation; There was no objection. congressional approval, and without even Blessed with victory and peace, may the PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE any legislative standard for rate making. Heav'n-rescued land In other words, the President, under the Praise the Power that hath made and pre Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan- act, now exercises discretionary legisla served us -a nation. imous consent that on tomorrow, Tues Then conquer we must, when our cause it tive authority, on a scale comparable to is just, · day, after the regular business on the that which he previously exercised under And this be our motto: "In 'God is our Speaker's desk has been disposed of and the invalidated N. R. A. Act~ which · the trust." at the conclusion of any previous orders Supreme Court said was "delegation run And the Star-Spangled Banner, in triumph heretofore entered, I may be permitted ning riot." shall wave to speak for 15 minutes. There bas been no constitutional test of O'er the land of the free and the home of The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the brave. the validity of the Trade Treaty Act be the request of the gentlell.lan from Illinois cause the New Deal's clever draftsmen On March 3, 1931, President Herbert [Mr. MASON]? suspended the appeal provision of section Hoover approved H. R. 14, Public, No. There was no objection. 516 (b) of the Tariff Act, which was the 823, of the Seventy-first Congress, desig Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, I ask only remedy American producers bad to unanimous consent that on tomorrow nating this immortal poem as the na test its legality~ after disposition of matters on the tional anthem of the United States, The President has used his authority thereby making official that which the Speaker's desk and other orders hereto under the act to redlce American tariffs public had already done, for the citizenry fore entered, I may be permitted to ad dress the House for 15 minutes. on over a thousand articles by as much had years before taken the song into as 50 percent, and he has gratuitously their hearts, paying it the same homage The SPEAKER. Is there-objection to extended the benefit of our concessions as if it had been the adopted anthem. the request of the gentleman from llli not .only to the treaty countries but to Francis Scott Key breathed his last at nois [Mr. ARENDS]? There was no objection. the whole world, without requiring equiv about 8 p. m. on Wednesday, .January 11, alent concessions in favor of our own .1843, at the home of his daughter, Eliza REPEAL OF THE PRESIDENT'S AUTHORITY goods in foreign markets. Duties have beth Phoebe Key Howard, located on TO ENTER INTO TRADE TREATIES been reduced without regard to differ Mount Vernon Place and Charles Street, Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, ences 1n foreign and domestic produc Baltimore, within the shadow of the first I ask unanimous consent to proceed for 1 tion costs, and for the most part the monument erected in honor of George minute. American farmer has been \he chief vic Washington. Flags were flown at half The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tim of these indiscriminate reductions. · mast until his burial in John Eager How the request of the gentleman from New Trade treaties have now been entered ard's vault in St. Paul's Cemetery, Bal York [Mr. REEDJ? into with some 24 countries, and nego timore, Md., on Saturday, January 14. There was no objection. tiations are pending with others. Under The United States Supreme Court ad Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, my bill, I have not only provided for journed in tribute to him. In 1865 his on the opening day of the present ses the repeal of the President's ·authority remains were removed to Mount Olivet sion I introduced a bill (H. R. 744) pro to enter into new treaties, but also for Cemetery, Frederick, Md., in order to ful viding for the repeal· of the President's the termination of those now outstand fill one of his lifetime wishes: authority to. enter into foreign trade ing, at the earliest date consistent with May my remains rest within the shadow of treaties. the terms thereof. In this way, no vio the everlasting hills of Frederick County The Trade Treaty Act was enacted in lation of good faith is involved. All which I love so w~ll. 1934, in the days when the New Deal agreements are terminable after a cer In 1898 an imposing shaft was erected Congress was abjectly and supinely dele tain period upon proper notice, or for one at the entrance to the cemetery, and the gating its legislative powers to the Exec cause or another. remains of Francis Scott Key and of his utive. It is high time that these legis- The trade treaty program failed to beloved wife were placed in a tomb at its . lative powers were recovered by the Con accomplish either its primary objective base. Near the monument there :flies a gress, as the Constitution intends. or expanding foreign markets for the United States 1lag, night ahd day. a sYm On January 9, 1943, there appeared an products of the United States, or its sec bol of those fateful hours on the night item headed "Hull promises attack on ondary objective of preserving world of September 13 and 14, 1814. trade treaty foes," which indicates that peace. It is wholly unsuited for dealing Fort McHenry, over which )francis the New Deal intends to pursue the same with the probelm of post-war read3ust Scott Key saw the ''stars and stripes" arrogant, dictatorial program as hereto ment, What this country needs is a for so proudly and defiantly waving on that fore, which I assume it will continue to eign trade program which protects our morning after the bombardment, is now do until the Congress has sumcient cour- vital interests, which is truly reciprocal, 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 95 and which is geared to deal with foreign The SPEAKER. Is there objection to pipe line, and other transportation fa-· trade upon a realistic basis along consti the request of the gentleman from Mich cilities be authorized and directed in or tutional lines. . igan [Mr. CRAWFORD]? der to relieve gasoline and fuel-oil short WE WANT NO GESTAPO There was no objection. ages at the earliest possible minute. EXTENSION OF RETvlARKS The real shortage is in transportation, Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan not in gasoline and oil. imous consent to proceed for 1 minute. Mr. TIBBOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask I think it is evident that there are The SPEAKER. Is there objection to unanimous consent to extend my own many bureau heads now seeking to reg the request of the gentleman from Penn remarks in the Appendix of the RECORD ulate businessmen and farmers who are sylvania [Mr. WEISS]? and to include an editorial from the lacking in practical experience, and who There was no objection. Johnstown Tribune, paying a deserved are unfamiliar with the problems of Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, I want to tribute to Lt. Col. Buzz Wagner. This those activities and their methods of voice my criticism against the new en is a fitting tribute to a great hero. operation. As a result, confusion and forcement regulations of the 0. P. A. The SPEAKER. Is there objection righteous indignation are widespread. regarding gasoline rationing. I do not to the request of the gentleman from Immediate correction of the unneces hesitate in saying that the Fuel Coordi Pennsylvania [Mr. TIBBOTT]? sary evils of the rationing program will nator's Office and the 0. P. A. have done There was no objection. give a great stimulus to our war effort. the worst job of bungling in the Capital. Mr. · ANGELL. Mr. Speaker, under Iclces' office issues one order, the office permission heretofore granted, I re LIMITING SALARIES TO $25,000 of 0. P. A. issues another order diametri ceived permission to include in my re Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask cally opposite, and the motorists of the marks an address of Dr. Paul J. Raver, unanimous consent to address the House country, who are really making every the Bonneville Administrator, before the for 1 minute and to revise and extend my sacrifice-with the exception of a few Inland Empire Waterways Association. remarks. isolfl,ted chiselers-are holding the bag. The Public Printer estimates that this The SPEAKER. Is there objection to · The American public welcomes ration will require two and a half pages of the the request of the gentleman from Mich ing to conserve supplies and price ceil RECORD and will cost $112.50. I ask igan? ings to prevent inflation. The people unanimous consent that it be printed in There was no objection. realize there is a war to be won, and the RECORD notwithstanding the cost. Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, there the public's full cooperation can be had The SPEAKER. Is there objection to has been a great deal of comment lately I am sure, but it will not be won by the request of the gentleman from Ore about the Executive order limiting sal "take it or leave it" pronouncements gon [Mr. ANGELL]? aries to $25,000. that leave a multitude of proper and There 'Yas no objection. I was a member of the conference com legitimate questions unanswered. GASOLINE AND TIRE RATIONING mittee which adjusted the differences be tween the Senate and House versions of The pleasure-driving ban may be nee- Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan . essary, but the manner of its enforce the price control bill. Those of us com imous consent to address the House for 1 prising the conference committee dis ment is against all American principles. minute and to .revise and extend my own I firmly believe that the office of 0. P. A. cussed the question of wage limitation at remarks in the RECORD. length and agreed upon certain language could have made no greater error than The SPEAKER. Is there objection to to turn loose a bunch of "drug store which we considered plain enough to the request ·of the gentleman from prohibit the President from adjusting cowboys," namely 0. P. A. clerks, to stop Florida [Mr. SIKES]? and question motorists. This is not the salaries unless he found it necessary "in There was no objection. any case to correct gross inequities and American way. It smacks of the Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, much has Gzstapo and is creating bitterness and also aid in the effective prosecution of been said of the need for overhauling the war." You will note that the Presi- resistance. Our heritage of sacrifice is the gasoline and tire rationing program. a proud one, and in the voluntary sys ·dent in order to limit salaries to $25,000 The American people are seeking almost must find that two conditions exist: tem no one will dare use his car for desperately for a simplification of the pleasure driving lest his neighbors quick First, that it is to correct a gross in present unwieldy program. But I see equity; and second, that the limitation ly put him on the spot. We do not need no evidence of any determined effort on peeping toms, snoopers, or stooges to must be an aid in the effective prosecu the part of 0. P. A. to slash red tape and tion of the war. We deliberated upon force us to be patriotic. There is bound get down to earth. Let me point out that to be a little chiseling; we find it in all the use of the word "and" instead of 0. P. A. can safely shove its cumbersome "or." The conference recommended the walks of life. But we want no Gestapo. form sheets down the throats of an un Rationing will fail if the American elimination of the word ''or" and the happy public. 0. P. A. does not have to substitution of the word "and'' to pre people get any notion that there is some answer to the public. But it does have .vent just such action as the President thing smart or challenging about evad to answer to Congress, and Congress is ing restrictions. We do not look for that has now taken. the voice of the people. It is our re You will note, therefore, th~t the Pres to happen, but the best way to guard sponsibility to protect our people. against it is to treat the average fellow ident must find that a gross inequity I do not question the necessity for ra appears in any case before he adjusts the as a partner and tell him all you can tioning. It is part of the price of war, not push him around and have a Gov salary. His determination that any sal and we are all ready to get on with it. ary over $25,000 constitutes a gross in ernment clerk flash a badge at him. But I deplore the endless confusion, the The present policy is a Hitler one-the equity must be predicated upon a com very thing our boys are fighting to pre unequal treatment of different areas, parison of the salary reduced with all and tl:).e complicated forms which must other salaries and wages, without re vent. Let us all calmly get our feet on be filled out at every step. In the effort gard to the nature of the employment or the ground and play the game in the to achieve the real aims of the rationing the capacity in which the recipient of good old American way. It bore fruit program, I earnestly request on the before-it will again. the salary functions. This is socialis part of those whom I am elected to rep tic in that it i~ an endeavor to equalize EXTENSION OF REMARKS resent-! demand that 0. P. A. simplify income without regard to the services CIVILIAN CONSUMPTION savings, or both. Thus, we will help to come if it is based on truth. We will In spite of a hundred-billion-dollar "pay as we go" and make the coming continue our efforts to make the organi war program, civilians can be supplied peace easier for ourselves and our zation more fully effective. with an average of about $500 worth of children. Compensation ot Federal employees. goods and services during the next year. CIVILIAN CONTROLS IN TOTAL WAR Last month the Congress took temporary This implies an average reduction of al Total war requires nothing less than and emergency action, which will expire most 25 percent in civilian consumption organizing all the human and material April 30, 1943, relative to compensation belo\J the record level of the calendar resources of the Nation. To accomplish for Federal employees. The legislation year 1941. Even then most of us will be this all-out mobilization speedily, effec removed inequities, lengthened the work better fed, better clothed, and better tively,. and fairly we have had to adopt week to conserve manpower, increased housed than other peoples in the world. extensive controls over civilian life. We payment for longer hours, and provided Do not let us assume from that state use the Selective Service System to man bonus payments for certain employees. ment, however, that there is no need for the armed forces. We are systematizing The pay increases should be met largely great improvement in the living condi the movement of labor to assure needed b~ reducing the total number of em tions of a large segment of our popula manpower to war industries and agri ployees proportionate to the increase in tion. culture. We regulate prices, wages, sal the workweek. It is the responsibility of the Gov aries, and rents; we limit consumer In the present appropriation requests ernment to plan for more production of credit; we allocate scarce raw materials; and expenditure estimates for the fiscal essential civilian goods and less of non and we ration scarce consumer goods years 1943 and 1944, no allowance has essential goods. Production and dis all to the end of providing the materials been made for any cost increase result tribution of goods should be simplified of war and distributing the sacrifices ing from the adjustment in Federal sal and standardized; unnecessary costs and equitably. aries. frills should be eliminated. Total war Such regulations and restrictions have The problems of Federal salary admin demands simplification of American life. complicated our daily lives. We save istration need further study in the early By giving up what we do not need, all of rubber, metal, fats-everything. We fill days of the new Congress for enactment us will be better able to get what we do out forms, carry coupons, answer ques of more permanent legislation for the need. tionnaires. This is all new. We have duratioi?- of the war. In order to distribute the scarce neces overdone it in many cases. By trial and "NONWAR" EXPENDITURES sities of life equitably we are rationing error we are learning simpler and better I am making recommendations in the some commodities. By rationing were methods. But remember always that usual detail for so-called "nonwar" ap strict consumption, but only to assure reaching the objective is what counts propriations for the fiscal year 1944. to each civilian his share of basic com most. There is no easy, pleasant way This classification includes the same modities. to restrict the living habits-the eating, items as in former years. The essentials for civilian life also in clothing, heating, travel, and working Actually, the "nonwar" classification clude a good standard of health and habits-of 130,000,000 people. There is now h~s little, if any, meaning. Most of medical service, education, and care for no easy, pleasant way to wage total war. these exlJenditures are related to the war children in wartime as well as in peace. About 400 ,000 civilian employees of the .effort and many are directly occasioned THE STABILIZATION PROGRAM Federal Government are engaged in the by it. This "nonwar" category includes, We must assure each citizen the neces task of civilian administration for total for instar-ce, expenditures for war-tax sities of life at prices which he can pay. war. They direct and schedule war pro collections, for budgeting, disbursing, Otherwise, rising prices will lift many duction; handle the procurement of and auditing war expenditures, and for goods beyond his reach just as surely as food, munitions, and equipment for our statistical and scientific services to war if those goods did not exist. By a con armed forces and our allies; supervise agencies. It includes also. such items as certed effort to stabilize prices, rents, wartime transportation; administer the control of white pine blister rust and wages we have succeeded in keeping priee, wage, rent, labor, and material which I recently discussed. Expendi~ the rise in the cost of living within nar controls and commodity rationing; con tures for controlling this threa·t to our row bounds. We shall continue those ef duct economic and propaganda offen timber resources are necessary to avoid forts, and we shall succeed. By making sives against our enemies; and do neces possible loss of millions of dollars in effective use of all measures of control, sary paper work for the armed forces. lumber from trees which requ.ire more we shall be able to stabilize prices with Besides these Government employees, than 50 years to reach maturity. only a limited use of subsidies to stimu millions of men and women volunteers All counted, there are less than 850 000 late needed production. who draw no pay-are carrying out tasks civilian employe~s of the Federal Gov Some would like to see the controls of war administration, many of them ernment, includ ~ ng the Postal Service, after long hours at their regular occu who are engaged in these so-called "non relaxed for this or that special group. war" activities. They forget that to relax controls for one pation. These patriotic citizens are serv group is an argument to relax for other ing on draft boards, on war price and A few weeks ago I transmitted to the g-roups, thereby starting the cost-of-liv ration boards, in the civilian defense or Congress a comprehensive report on ing spiral which would undermine the ganization, the ·war bond campaign, and "nonwar" expenditures during the past war effort and cause grave post-war dif many other activities. They deserve the decade. This document demonstrated ficulties. Economic stabilization for all gratitude of their countrymen. the important redu~tions which had been groups-not for just the other fellow More than 1,600,000-or approximate made in these expenditures, especially is the only policy consistent with there ly three-fifths-of all Federal civilian since the start of the defense program. quirements of total war. I have read of employees are engaged directly in war The following table summarizes reduc this bloc, and that bloc, and the other production. They build and load ships, tions analyzed in the report, to which it bloc, which existed in past Congresses. make guns and shells, repair machines is now possible to add revised estimates May this new Congress confine itself to and equipment, build arsenals and for the fiscal year 1943 and estimates for one bloc-a national bloc. camps, sew uniforms, operate airports 1944 as developed in this Budget. Stabilization goes beyond effective and signal systems. These are the work '"Nonwar" expenditures, fiscal year3 1939-44 (excluding int erest and statutory debt price control. Under war conditions a ers in navy yards, arsenals, storage de retirement) rise in profits, wages, and farm incomes pots, military airfields, and other operat unfortunately does not increase the sup ing centers. It is scarcely ethical to try [M illions] ply of goods for civilians; it merely in to make people believe that these workers Total non- Reduction vites the bidding up .of prices of scarce are holding down armchair or unneces F iscal year war ex- below commodities. The stabilization of in sary Government jobs. pcnditurcs 1939 comes and the absorption of excess pur This huge organization, created over chasing power by fiscal measures are es night to meet our war needs, could not 1939_------~~: ~!~ ------$270 sential for· the success of the stabilization 1940.------be expected to function smoothly from 1941_ ------5, 298 1. 218 program. I am confident that the Con the very start. Congressional commit 1942.------__ ._------. 5, 125 1. 391 gress will implement that prpgram by 19441943 (estimat(estim!lteed) -__--__-----______------_ 4,1\82 1, 934 tees and many individuals have made 4,124 ~392 adequate legislation increasing taxation, helpful suggestions. Criticism is wel- 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 101 The table shows a reduction of 36.7 war workers, farmers, soldiers, and their comes from any source constitutes a percent in nonwar expenditures in the families, thus adding many billions to gross inequity undermining national next fiscal year compared with 1939. In the people's buying power, at a time when unity. appraising these reductions, it should be the amount of goods to be bought is Fairness requires the closing of loop borne in mind that large items, such as declining steadily. A large portion of holes and the removal of inequities veterans' pensions and social-security this excess buying power must be re which still exist in our tax laws. I have grants, are controlled by legal or other covered into the Treasury to prevent the spoken on these subjects on several pre commitments. In fact the outstanding excess from being used to bid up the price vious occasions. increase for the fiscal year 1944 is for the of scarce goods and thus undermine the The Congress can do much to solve Veterans' Administration, for which ex stabilization program by breaking price our problem of war finance and to sup penditures are estimated at 879 million ceilings, creating black markets, and in port the stabilization program. In the dollars, or 265 million dollars higher creasing the cost of living. past, wars have usually been paid for than in the current year. Most of the We cannot hope to increase tax collec mainly by means of inflation, thereby increase is for insurance for our fighting tions as fast as we step up war expendi shifting the greatest burden to the weak forces in the present war. tures or to absorb by fiscal measures est shoulders and inviting post-war col The most important reductions recom alone all excess purchasing power cre lapse. We seek to avoid both. Of neces mended for the coming year relate to ated by these expenditures. We must, sity, the program must be harsh. We work relief and general public works. therefore, provide a substantial portion should remember, however, that it is a Because of present high levels of employ of the needed funds by additional bor war for existence, and not taxation, ment, I am able to recommend elimina rowing, and we must also use direct con which compels us to devote more than tion of the Work Projects Administra trols, such as price ceilings and rationing, one-half of all our resources to war use. tion. This action under present condi for the protection of the consumer. Nev An effective program of war finance does tions does not cast upon the State and ertheless, the more nearly increases in not add to the total sacrifices necessi local governments more than the proper tax receipts follow increases in expendi tated by war, but it does assure that burden of financing the relief of those tures, the better we safeguard our finan those sacrifices are distributed equitably who are unable to work. Expenditures cial integrity and the easier the adminis and with a minimum of friction. for general public works will be greatly tration of price control and rationing. We should remember, furthermore, curtailed. Continuing projects are di All of these measures are interrelated. that helping to finance the war is the · rectly related to war needs. Others have Each increase in taxes and each increase privilege mainly of those who still enjoy been discontinued as rapidly as this could in savings will lessen the upward pressure the receipt of incomes as civilians during be done without risking the loss of the on prices and reduce the amount of ra the war. It is a modest contribution to investment already made. tioning and other direct controls we shall ward victory when we compare it with I shall be glad to cooperate with the need. the contribution of those in the fighting Congress in effecting further reductions The revenue acts of the past 3 years, forces. in nonwar expenditures .through the particularly the Revenue Act of 1942, By the end of the current fiscal year, necessary revision of underlying legisla have contributed greatly toward meeting the public debt will total 135 billion dol tion and in every other way. It should our fiscal needs. In the fiscal year 1944 lars. By June 30, 1944, it will be about · be pointed out to the Congress and to the total general and special receipts under 210 billion dollars under existing reve Nation, however, that we are fast ap present law are estimated at $35,000,000,- nue legislation. Before the present debt proaching the subsistence level of gov 000, or almost six times those of the fiscal limit of 125 billion dollars is reached, ernment-the minimum for sustaining year 1940. But the increase in expendi the Congress will be requested to extend orderly social and economic processes tures has been even more rapid. that limit. To do. this is sound, for such and that further reductions will neces I believe that we should strive to collect a _debt can and will be repaid. The sarily be of much smaller magnitude not less than $16,000,000,000 of additional Nation is soundly solvent. than those already achieved. funds by taxation, savings, or both, dur PREPARING FOR TOTAL VICTORY My recommendations contemplate that . ing the fiscal year 1944. Preparing for total victory includes in the fiscal year 1944, 96 cents of every On the basis of present legislation, we preparing the base on which a happier dollar expended by the Federal Govern expect to meet 34 percent of total esti world can be built. The tremendous ment will be used to pay war costs and mated Federal expenditures by current productive capacity of our country, of all . interest on the public debt, and only 4 receipts during the fiscal year 1944. If countries, has been demonstrated. Free cents for all the so-called nonwar pur the objective proposed in this message dom from want for everybody, every poses. is adopted, we shall meet approximately where, is no longer a utopian dream. It INTEREST • 50 percent of expenditures during the can be translated into action when the War financing has raised the require fiscal year 1944. fear of aggression has been removed by ment for interest on the public debt from THE NEED FOR A BALANCED AND FLEXmLE REVENUE victory. The soldiers of the fighting 1,041 million dollars in 1940, the fiscal SYSTEM forces and the workmen engaged in mili year before the defense program started, I hope that the Congress in working tary production want to be assured that to an estimated 1,850 million dollars for out the revenue program will consider they will return to a life of opportunity the current year and 3,000 million dollars that the fiscal measures must be designed and security in a society of freemen. for the fiscal year 1944 under existing not only to provide revenue, but also to The economic stabilization program, legislation. support the stabilization program as well although born of war necessity, will FINANCING TOTAL WAR by deterring luxury or nonessential greatly facilitate post-war reconstruc THE NEED FOR ADDITIONAL FUNDS spending. The cost of the war should tion. A determined policy of war tax Flnancing expenditures which will ex be distributed in an equitable and fair ation and savings will aid in making post ceed 100 billion dollars is a task of tre manner. Furthermore, care should be war problems manageable by reducing mendous magnitude. By meeting this taken that .the fiscal measures do not im the volume of additional borrowing and task squarely we will contribute substan pair but actually promote maximum war supporting the stabilization program. tially to the war effort and clear the production. Finally, it is more important Because of the unavoidable magnitude ground for successful reconstruction than ever before to simplify taxation of interest-bearing debt, taxes probably after the war. An adequate financial both for taxpayers and for those collect will never revert to their pre-war level. program is essential both for winning the ing the tax, and to put our taxes, as far But substantial reduction from the war war and for winning the peace. as feasible, on a pay-as-you-go basis. level will, nevertheless, be possible and F~nancing total war involves two main I cannot ask the Congress to impose will go hand in hand with a greater hu fiscal problems. One problem Ls to sup the necessarily heavy financial burdens man security if the underlying fiscal ply the funds currently required to pay on the lower and middle incomes unless structure is kept sound. for the war and to keep the increase in the taxes on higher and very large in I shall be happy to meet with the ap Federal debt within bounds. The second comes are made fully effective. At a. propriate committees of the CongreEs at problem is caused by the disbursement of time when wages and salaries are stabi any and all times in regard to the meth 100 billion dollars a year to contractors, lized, the receipt of very large net in- ods by which they propose to attain the 102 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 1-1 objectives outlined in this message. We fiscal year 1942, I present herewith a You know, of course, the background of are at one in our desire quickly to win report of the operations under this act Mr. Henderson himself. He was a professO'r this war and to avoid passing on to fu to the end of the fiscal year 1942. of economics, at Carnegie Tech University; then a consulting economist for the Works ture generations more than their just This report contains summary and Progress Administration-the WPA; then a share of its sacrifices and burdens. detailed statements of the Treasury De:.. member of the Securities and Exchange Com FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. partment refiecting expenditures made, mission. JANUARY 6, 1943. obligations incurred, and the status of Under Mr. Henderson, as a sort of super funds under the above-mentioned act. deputy administrator, of the whole Office of MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE In addition thereto, information is pre Price Administration program, is Mr. John E. UNITED STATES TRANSMITTING RE: sented covering the Relief Acts of 1935, Hamm (who happens to be Mr. Henderson's PORT CONCERNING RETIREMENT AND wife's cousin) and then, under Mr. Hamm are 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, and for fiscal year four deputy administrators, each in charge DISABILITY FUND, FOREIGN SERVICE 1941. These statements compiled as of (H. DOC. NO. 40) of a particular branch of activity, and they June 30, 1942, constitute the eighth an in turn have various divisions under them, The SPEAKER laid before the House nual accounting to the Congress for re each one headed by a director. the following message from the Presi lief and work-relief expenditures. Such By way of generality, as for Mr. Hamm dent of the United States, which was reports have been submitted at the be I might mention that he is a young man read and, together with the accompany ginning of regular sessions of Congress who graduated from Princeton University, in 1930, with a degree of bachelor of science ing papers, referred to the Committee on as provided for in the above cited Emer in economics. He was connected for some Foreign Affairs and ordered to be gency Relief Appropriation Acts. years with the Russell Sage Foundation, which printed: Reports of operations of the Work is an institute of economics whioh Mr. Hen To the Congress of the United States: Projects Administration and the Em derson himself was associated for many years, ployees' Compensation Commission in and Mr. Hamm came directly to the Office of I transmit herewith a report by the Price Administi·ation from that organization. Secretary of State, showing all receipts connection with funds appropriated un der these Emergency Relief Appropria Now, we get down to the four deputy ad and disbursements on account of re ministrators. funds, allowances, and annuities for the tion Acts, are also included. First of all, there is Mr. J. K. Galbraith, who fiscal year endf.d June 30, 1942, in con FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT . . is in charge of price control. That's the nection with the Foreign Szrvice retire JANUARY 11, 1943. business of price ceilings, etc. He is a EXECUTIVES OF THE OFFICE OF PRICE professor of economics at Princeton Uni ment and disability system as required versity, now on leave of absence to serve by section 26 (a) of an act for the grad ADMINISTRATION in this job with the Office of Price Adminis ing and classification of clerks in the Mr. HILL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, tration. Before becoming a professor at Foreign Service of the United States of I ask unanimous consent to address the Princeton, he was a professor at the Uni America, and providing compensation House for 1 minute and to revise and ex versity of California, and at Harvard. therefor, approved February 23, 1931, as tend my own remarks and include there Number two, is Mr. Paul Porter. He's in amended. in a quotation from a broadcast by Mr. charge of rent control. He's a young at FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. torney and a very nice one, who used to work Fulton Lewis, Jr. with the Washington office of the Columbia THE WHITE HOUSE, January 11, 1943. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it Broadcasting System. For a considerable pe [Enclosure: Report concerning Retire is so ordered. riod that was only a part-time job, however, ment and Disability Fund, Foreign There was no objection. and he held part-time legal jobs in the Gov Service.] Mr. HILL. Mr. Speaker, on Tuesday ernment. He has never had any particular real estat~ or rental experience, but I will MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE evening, January 5, 1943, Fulton Lewis, say he tells a very excellent story, and is a UNITED STATES TRANSMITTING THE Jr., explained in some detail the most delightful luncheon comp,anion. If that ANN:UAL REPORT OF THE ALLEY background and experience of the gen helps any. DWELLING AUTHORITY FOR THE DIS tlemen in the executive department No.3 is Mr. Dexter Keezer. He's a professor TRICT OF COLUMBIA now controlling, directing, and writing of economics, formerly at Cornell University, the details of the Office of Price Admin and he now is president of Reed College, at The SPEAKER laid before the House istration. In order that Members of con Portland, Oreg. He was in the old National the following message from the Presi gress may know the background of the Recovery Administration at the beginning of dent of the United States, which was the New Deal, and was a member of the na gentlemen who have under their control tional advisory committee of the National 1·ead and, together with the accompany the life and death of all American bus ing papers, referred to the Committee on Youth Administration. His job in the Office iness activities, I enclose quotations from of Price Administration is to take charge of the District of Columbia and ordered this address: all research. to be printed: Leon Henderson didn't devise and work No. 4 is Mr. ·Paul M. O'Leary, who Is in To the Congress of the United States: out the gasoline or the fuel oil rationing pro charge of rationing. He's a professor of eco In accordance with the provisions of gram; he didn't write the tens of thousands nomics at Cornell University, on leave of section 5 (a) of the District of Columbia of pages of regulations; and the point rm absence to serve in his present position. He making it's not curing anything to merely used to be connected with the old National Alley Dwelling Act, approved June 12, replace Mr. Leon Henderson with someone Recovery Administration, too. And, I might 1934, I transmit herewith for the infor else, and leave in place the same machinery add, he also was on the Temporary National mation of the Congress the report of the that failed to do a successful job for Mr. Economic Committee, which you may remem Alley Dwelling Authority for the District Henderson. ber several years back. That was the so-called oi Columbia for the fiscal year ended And so I've spent a great deal of time, trying monopoly investigating committee. I've June 30, 1942. to find out for you just who did conceive b~en unable to find any past background on and plan these programs; who devised them, Mr. O'Leary to indicate that he has ever had FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. to be submitted to Leon. I want to say in any practical experience in any line of private THE WHITE HOUSE, January 11, 1943. advance that there are absolutely no per endeavor. His biography indicates that he· MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE sonalities involved, in this, they are all very has been nothing but an economist from the UNITED STATE8-WORK AND WORK earnest, hardworking, sincere people, and very beginning. RELIEF nice people too-that's not 'the question And maybe I'd better interject there a little this rationing business is a vitally important reminder to you. Remember, in all this talk The CPEAKER laid before the House part of the war effort, and the sole considera about economists, it's very di.11icult to know, the following message from the President tion is whether the people whom Mr. Hender really, what an economist is. Economics is of the United States, which was read son had working for him and advising him spoken of as a science. It's professed as a and, together with the accompanying are qualified, by their experience and knowl science. As a matter of fact, it's nothing of edge to do the job of price fixing and ration the sort. Medicine and engineering and all papers, referred to the Committee on ing that has to be done. In the case of price of the real sciences of the world are based on Expenditures and ordered to be printed: fixing, they almost have life and death power tangible facts and provable realities. Eco over the whole distribution system of the nomics is purely a structure of guesses built THE WHITE HOUSE, Nation-because they have the life and death on more guesses. Theories about what indi Washington. of every retail merchant in the Nation 1n viduals think would happen if things were To the Congress of the United States: "their hands, and tb.at i.s the distribution done this way or that way. It has only one As required by the provisions of the system. · law that has stood up through time-the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, Now, here are the facts. law of supply and demand-and that's not .1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 103 a law at all; it's an action of human psy to discredit the Congress still are being either the House or the Senate in the chology and behavior, and the economists made. Among the individuals, organiza primaries and general election held dur merely borrowed it from there. tions, and publications named as engaged ing the year 1942; But let's go on. Under these deputy administrators are in the smear-purge campaign were the (b) To ascertain and report the some very important divisions, so let's look following: Eugene Meyer, publisher of amount of money expended by those and see who are the directors of those divi the Washington Post; the Washington making, disseminating, and circulating sions. The gentleman in charge of price con Post; Dillard Stokes, alias Jefferson such charges; trol on industrial materials? · Mr. Donald H. Breem, alias Quigley Adams, a reporter' (c) To ascertain and report upon the Wallace, who is an assistant professor of eco for the Washington Post; William P. methods used, the source from which nomics at Williams College, in New England. Maloney, a special assistant to United He used to be an assistant professor of eco the funds were derived, and if possible, nomics at Harvard. States Attorney General Biddle, who act the ultimate purpose of those engaged in And the gentleman in charge of price con ·ed in conjunction with Stokes; Walter such activities; trol in the vast world of retail trade? He is Winchell, who acted as a prophet for (d) To ascertain and to report a Mr. Merle Fainsod, who is an assistant pro Maloney; the twice-convicted head of whether a conspiracy was carried on to fessor of government at Harvard and a mem the Communist Party, Earl Browder; injure persons in the exercise of their ber of the faculty of the Littauer School of Nathan Cowan, legislative representa civil rights and, if such conspiracy ex Public Administration. He also was on the tive of the C. I. 0.; the C. I. 0. as an isted, to report what, if any, legislation monopoly investigating committee, and he organization; Marshall Field III, the in has written a book entitled "Government and is needed and what action should be the American Economy." heritor of several millions of dollars; his taken by Government officials to prevent And the gentleman in charge of the fuel two publications, one the PM of New a recurrence of such action and to bring and gasoline rationing program? He is Mr. York, expressing views similar to those to justice those taking part in such con Joel Dean, assistant professor in the school of the Communist official publications, spiracy; of business at th~ University of Chicago, on and the Chicago Sun, each brought into (e) To ascertain and report in what leave of absence while he is handling the Job existence and wet-nursed by Field's in respect, if any, the laws of either the here in Washington. herited money; Frank Kingdon and L. Those are the people who are directing the States or the Nation have been violated M. Birkhead, both writers and distribu in carrying on such activities; rationing program of the Nation. tors of literature tending to create dis (f) To recommend what legislation, if The SPEAKER pro tempore / 106 ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 'JANUARY ll he, I quote .correspondence from the That question was answered on the which we are; there are those who not legal staff of the Post Office Department, floor of the. House on May 28, 1942, only want us to be the granary of the heretofore printed in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, pages 4728-4729. world, as we are; there are those who, RECORD, May 28, 1942, page 4727: I certainly do not deny that copies of like Vice President Wallace, would have On November 19, 1937, a letter was writ two talks made on the 27th and the 30th the American farmer furnish a quart of ten to the then Solicitor of the Post Office day of January 1942,later condensed into milk a day to every inhabitant of the Department, Karl A. Crowley, by the then one, were reprinted. world; there are those who while our m inority leader of the House, Bert Snell. That talk was entitled "Don't Haul American farmers -lack the. machinery That letter is as follows: Down the Stars and Stripes." It did not to grow the crops to produce the food "DEAR MR. CROWLEY: Will you please give refer to the President as "a Judas." It to feed our armed forces; machinery me a ruling on the following:· Is it legal for a which we are sending to other lands; Member of Congress to frank communica did refer to those who want to haul down t ions, either typewritten or mimeographed, the Stars and Stripes, substitute for the there are those who not only want us ta dealing solely with the public business?" Declaration of Independence a declara be after the war is over a glorifiecretary of the Treas World War Veterans• Act, 1924, as amended. get around to that oversight soon. ury, transmitting the Annual Report of the so as to reduce the number of reexaminations Secretary of the Treasury on the state of the of persons receiving insurance benefits on Of course, if we are going to do all a~..-count of permanent and total disability, these things for all these people, what finances for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1942 (H. Doc. No. 5); to the Committee on and for other purposes; to the Committee on will be left for us Americans? As I un Ways and Means and ordered to be printed, World War Veterans' Legislation. derstand the program-and my distii:l with illustrations. H. R. 983. A bill to amend the World War guished friend from Massachusetts can 42. A letter from the President of the Veterans' Act, as amended; to the Committee correct me if I have not grasped the full Gorgas .Memorial Institute of Tropical- and on World War Veterans' Legislation. purport-the plan is to set up a glori Preventive Medicine, Inc., transmitting the H. R. 984. A bill to amend the Independent fied W. P. A. with a glorified Harry Hop Fifteenth Annual Report of the Gorgas Me O~ces Appropriation Act, 1934, as amended, morial Laboratory, covering the fiscal year Wlth re::pect to the authority of the Attorney kins to administer it. I presume we will General to compromise suits on certain con set great, big tables loadej down with 1942 (H. Doc. No. 31); to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and ordered to be printed. tracts of insurance; to the Committee on what we Scandinavians call smorgas 43. A letter from the Administrator of Vet.:. World War Veterans' Legislation. bord, where they may go round the table erans' Affairs, transmitting the annual re H. R. 985. A bill to restore World War serv with plates and help yourselves-not you port of the activities of the Veterans' Admin ice connection granted by special review but they. istration as of June 30, 1942 (H. Doc. No. 11); boa:ds under Public Law No. 78, Seventy I hope we will not spend all that we to the Committee on World War Veterans' third Congress, June 16, 1933; to the Com Legislation and ordered to be printed. mittee on World War Veterans' Legislation. have iii this war. Let us save something H. R. 986. A bill to define misconduct, for to spend in making this a better world · · 44. A letter from the Archivist of the United States, transmitting a report of the compensation and pension purposes, as lim for those who have not and do not miss Archivist of the United States on a list of ited to felonious misconduct; to the Com what they do not. have. papet'S recommended to him for disposal by mittee on World War Veterans' Legislation. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance the Department of the Navy; to the Commit By Mr. BALDWIN of New York: . of my time. tee on the Disposition of Executive Papers. H. R. 987. A bill to amend an act to pre vent pernicious politic"al activities; to the LEAVE OF ABSENCE 45. A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting an itemized re Committee on the Judiciary. By unanimous consent, leave of ab port of transactions for account of the Persh By Mr . .BARRY: sence was granted to Mr. GRAHAM (at the ing Hall Memorial Fund; to the Committee on H. R. 988. A bill to amend further the Civil ·request oi Mr. KINZER), indefinitely, on Expenditures in the Executive Departments. Service Re';irement Act, approved Hay 29, account of death in his family. 46. A letter from the Acting Secretary of 1930, as .amended; to the Committee on the the Interior, transmitting a copy of a letter Civil Service. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE from the Commissioner of the General Land By Mr. COLMER: Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I C'.!fice dated January 5 transmitting the re H. R. 989. A bill to revise the method of port of the withdrawals end restoration con determining the payments to be made by ask unanimous consent to proceed for 1 templated by the statute; to the Committee the United States to the several States with minute. · on the Public Lands. respect to conservation lands subject to the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to 47. A letter from the Chairman -of the jurisdiction of the Department of Agricul the request of the gentleman from Mas Federal Power Commission, transmitting a ture; to the Committee on Agriculture. sachusetts I Mr. McCoRMACK]? classified report showing the permits and H. R. 990. A bill relating to the disposition There was no objection. licenses issued by the Commission during the of mineral rights to any land acquired by any Federal land bank or by the Land Bank Com Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I fiscal year ended June 30, 1942; to the Com mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. missioner through the foreclosure of any just want to repeat what I said earlier 48. A letter from the Attorney General of mortgage; to the Committee on Agriculture. in the day and I know repetition on the United States, transmitting a report H. R. 991. A bill to amend the Social Se my part will not be misunderstood. I re showing the special assistants employed dur curity Act, as amended, with respect to fer to the importance of looking over this ing the period from July 1, 1942, to Janu grants to States for old-age assistance; to the afternoon and tomorrow the books we ary 1, 1943; to the Committee on Expendi Committee on Ways and Means. have in our offices in Washington and to tures in the Executive Departments. H. R. 992. A bill to provide for the re 49. A letter from the Acting Secretary of classification under the Selective Training bring them tomorrow afternoon so that and Service Act of 1940 of employees engaged we can make our contribution in Stat the Interior, transmitting a statement of the fiscal affairs of all Indian tribes for whose in war production participating in strikes; uary Hall. To me this is very important benefit expenditures from public or tribal to make it unlawful for persons to conspire because of the psychological e1Iect funds were made during the fiscal year ended to stop or slow down production in war con throughout the country. 1 hope all June 30, 1942; to the Committee on Indian tracts; to suspend the 4:0-hour week and pro Members will make it their personal and Affairs. visions for overtime compensation; to limit special business between now and to the profits on war contracts, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Military morrow at noon ·to get as many books as PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS they can to make this contribution. Affairs. Under clause 3 of rule XXII. public bills By Mr. CRAWFORD: EXTENSION OF. REMARKS H. R. 993. A bill to aid in preventing infia and resolutions were introduced and sev ·tion, to stabilize the rents of real property, Mr. GEARHART. Mr. Speaker, I ask erally referred as follows; to treat equitably several million families unanimous consent to extend my own By Mr. ALLEN of Louisiana: who are wholly or partly dependent upon the remarks in the RECORD and to include H. R. 978. A bill to repeal the income limi income from homes or other emall residential three brief editorials. tation as to payment of death compensation property, to freeze rents at the same level at 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 117 which wages and farm prices are stabilized Corps, or coast Guard as to place and date . Hawaii applicable to land and premises of and not at earlier date with no practical of birth of a veteran; to the Committee on the United States in such Territories; to the means of adjustment, to prohibit general Military Affairs. Committee on Labor. questionnaires, forms, and statements de H. R. 1008. A bill to insure appropriate By Mr. PFEIFER: signed to stir up litigation, disputes, and to noncommissioned rank and retirement priv H. R. 1022. A bill to provide that vessels harass the property owner, and for other ileges to certain enlisted persons of the Reg under the control of the War Shipping Ad purposes; to the Committee on Banking and ular Establishment who serve during the ministration under construction one Ehall Currency. present war in a temporary commissioned be named the William Tyler Page, author of By Mr. CUNNINGHAM: status and who return to enlisted status; to The American's Creed; to the Committee on H. R. 994. A bill to amend title III, World the Committee on Military Affairs. the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. War Veter~ns' Act, 192~. as amended; to the H. R. 1009. A bill to provide pensions ror By Mr. PLUMLEY: Committee on Wcrld War Veterans' Legis disabled unemployable veterans who Eerved H. R. 1023. A bill to establish a Chief of lation. in a war, campaign, expedition, or insurrec Chaplains of the United States Navy; to By Mr. DIRKSEN: tion beyond the continental limits of the the Committee on Naval Affairs. H. R. 995. A bill to amend the Banking Act United States; to the Committee on Invalid H. R. 1024. A bill for the relief of families of 1876, as amended; to the Committee on Pensions. of Reserve officers of the Army who die while :Banking and Currency. H. R. 1010. A bill to provide that World on active duty with the Civilian Conserva By Mr. D'ALESANDRO: War veterans now receiving compensation for tion Corps; to the Committee on Military H. R. 9S6. A bill for the admission to citi certain so-called presUmptive disabillties Affairs. zenship of aliens who came into this country equivalent to 75 percent of the amount to By Mr. RAMSPECK: prior to July 1, 1924; to the Committee on which they were previously entitled shall H. R. 1025. A bill to amend section 1753 of Immigration and Naturalization. henceforth have such compensation restored the Revised Statutes to create a board of legal By Mr. DURHAM: to 100 percent thereof, and for other pur examiners in the Civil Service Commission, H R. 997. A bill to amend certain provisions poses; to the Committee on World War Vet and for other purposes; to the Committee of the National Defense Act of June 3, 1916, erans' Legislation. on the Civil Service. as amended, relating to the Medical Depart By Mr. KILDAY: By Mr; REED of lllinois: ment of the Regular Army; to the Commit H. R.1011. A bill to amend section 201 (a), H. R.1026. A bill to promote interstate and tee on Military Affairs. paragraph 1 (1), of section 5 (e) of the Selec foreign commerce, to improve the naviga By Mr. D'ALESANDRO: tive Training and Service Act of 1940; to the bility of the Lakes-to-the-Gulf Waterway, H. R. 998. A bill permitting the naturaliza Committee on Military Atrairs. and for other' purposes; to the Committee on tion of certain persons not citizens whose By Mr. LEA: Rivers and Harbors. sons or daughters have served with the land H. R. 1012. A bill to amend the Civil Aero By Mr. RODGERS of Pennsylvania: or naval forces of the United States; to the nautics Act of 1938, as amended, and for other H. R. 1027. A bill to incorporate the Moth Committee on Immigration and Naturaliza purpcses; to the Committee on Interstate and ers of Military Servicemen; to the Commit tion. Foreign Commerce. tee on the Judiciary. By Mr. FORD: By Mr. LESINSKI: By Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts: H. R. 1028. A bill to amend Veterans Regu H. R. 999. A bill for the relief of the State H. R. 1013 (by request). A bill to grant per compansation insurance fund, State of Cali manent and total disability ratings to dis lation No. 10, paragraph VII, to define the fornia; to the Committee on the Judiciary. abled men of the Army, :rravy, Marine Corps, term "parent"; to the Committee on World By Mr. GRANT of Alabama: and the Coast Guard suffering from severe in War Veterans' Legislation. dustrial inadaptability as a result of active H. R. 1029. A bill to provide permanent H. R. 1000. A bill to provide that veterans now receiving compensation for certain so service in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, or and total disability rating in active pulmo the Coast Guard; to the Committee on In- nary tuberculosis cases; to the Committee on called presumptive disabilities equivalent to valid Pensions. • 75 percent of the amount to which they were World War Veterans' Legislation. H. R. 1014 (by request). A bill to provide H. R. 1030. A bill to amend Veterans Regu previously entitled shall henceforth have such pensions to members of the Regular Army, compensation restored to 100 percent there lation No. 10 (a), section 1, paragraph VI, de Navy; Marine Corps, and Coast Guard who fining the term "child"; to the Committee of, and for other purposes; to the Committee become disabled by reason of their service on World War Veterans' Legislation. on World War Veterans' Legislation. therein, equivalent to 90 percent of the com By Mr. SMITH of Virginia: H. R. 1001. A bill to provide for adjudication pensation payable to war veterans for similar H. R. 1031. A bill to amend the National of any claim ·for compensation, pension, or service-connected disabilities, and for other retirement pay upon evidence in file at time Labor Relations Act; to the Committee on purposes; to the Committee on Invalid Pen Labor. of death of the veteran; to the Committee sions. By Mr. SPRINGER: on World War Veterans' Leg~slation. By Mr. McGEHEE: H. R. 1032. A bill to require certain per By Mr. GIFFORD: H. R. 1015. A bill to amend the District of H. R. 1002. A bill relating to deferment of sons within the United States to carry iden Columbia Unemployment Compensation Act . tification cards and be fingerprinted, and registrants regularly engaged in fishing es to provide for unemployment compem:ation sential to the war effort; to the Committee for other purposes; to the Committee on the in the District of Columbia, and for other Judiciary. on Military Affairs. purposes; to the Committee on the District By Mr. EDWIN ARr.tiUR HALL: By Mr. TALBOT: of Columbia. H. R. 1033. A bill to suspend the effective H. R. 1003. A bill to suspend laws, regula By Mr. McMILLAN: tions, and orders which restrict the produc ness during the existing national emergency H. R. 1016. A bill to provide for the Fed of tariff duty on coconuts; to the Commit tion of agricultural commodities; to the Com eral employment of qualified persons whose mittee on Agriculture. tee on Ways and Means. physical condition is considered to constitute By Mr. WICKERSHAM: By Mr. HAGEN: a bad risk for a civil-service retirement fund H. R. 1004. A bill to relieve newspapers and H. R. 1034. A bill to extend the time in by exempting such persons from the provi which application for servicemen's monthly periodical publications which have voluntar sions thereof, by making them subject to the ily suspended publication for the duration of family allowance may be filed; to the Com the war from payment of second-class mail provisions of title II of the Social Security mittee on Military Affairs. ing fees upon resumption of publication; to Act, and for other purposes; to the Committee By Mr. KEARNEY: the Committee on the Post Office and Post on the Civil Service. H. R. 1035. A bill to provide that a vet Roads. By Mr. MAGNUSON: eran's compensation, pension, or retirement By Mr. HENDRICKS: H. R. 1017. A bill to amend an act to pre pay shall not be reduced during first 90 days H. R. 1005. A bill to increase and equalize vent pernicious political activities; to the of his hospitalization or domiciliary care, and the pensions of those persons disabled as the Committee on the Judiciary. for other purposes; to the Committee on result of service in the Army, Navy, Marine By Mr. PAGAN: World War Veterans' Legislation. Corps, and Coast Guard; to the Committee on H. R. 1018. A bill to protect democracy in By Mr. BROOKS: Invalid Pensions. Puerto Rico; and to amend, to that effect, H. R. 1036. A bill to liberalize the bases of By Mr. IZAC: section 37 of the Organic Act of Puerto Rico; eligibility for receipt of disability retire H. R. 1006. A bill authorizing negotiations to the Committee on Insular Affairs. ment benefits as to emergency, provisional, and providing for the construction, mainte H. R. 1019. A bill to amend section 31, as probationary, and temporary officers of the nance, and operation of an interoceanic canal amended, of the Organic Act of Puerto Rico; World War; to the Committee on Military over Nicaraguan territory, and for other pur to the Committee on Insular Affairs. Affairs. poses; to the Committee on the Merchant H. R. 1020. A bill to amend the Social Se By Mr. PAGAN: Marine and Fisheries. curity Act, as amended, to extend titles I, H. R. 1037. A bill preserving the national By Mr. KEARNEY: IV, and X to Puerto Rico; to the Committee ity of a person born in Puerto Rico who re H. R.1007. A bill to authorize the accept on Ways and Means. sides for 5 years in a foreign state; to the ance by Federal · agencies of a certification . H. R. 1021. A bill to make the workmen's Committee on Immigration and Naturali from the records of the Army, Navy, Marine · compensation laws of Puerto Rico, Alaska, and zation. 118 .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 'JANUARY 11 By Mr. SHORT: H. R. 1056. A bill ~uthorizing the appoint By Mr. SCHUETZ: H. R. 1038. A bill for the relief of' the city ment and retirement of John Tomlingson H. R. 1083. A bill for the relief of Morris of Carthage, Mo.; to the Committee on as a second lieutenant, United States Army; · Skolnik; to the Committee on Claims. Claims. to the Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 1084. A bill for the relief of Paul G. · By Mr. GORDON: H: R. 1057. A bill for the relief of Widows Lorenz; to the Committee on Military Affairs. H. J. Res. 46. Joint resolution authorizing of certain Reserve officers of the Army who H. R. 1085. A bill for the relief of Giuseppe the President of the. United States of America died while serving the Civilian Conservation Noce; to the Committee on Immigration and to proclaim October 11, 1943, General Pulas Corps; to the Committee on Claims. Naturalization. ki's Memorial Day for the observance and H. R. 1058. A bill granting an increase of H. R. 1086. A bill for the relief of Fred commemoration of the death of Brig. Gen. pension to Mary A. Crosett; to the Commit F. Osgood; to the Committee on Claims. Casimir Pulaski; to the Committee on the tee on Invalid Pensions. H. R.1087. A bill for the relief of Eliza Judiciary. By Mr. RAMSPECK: beth Flaherty; to the Committee on War By Mr. CRAWFORD: H. R. 1059. A bill for the relief of Mae and Claims. · H. J. Res. 47. Joint resolution to provide for Margaret Macdonald, heirs of James Doyle, H. R. 1088. A bill for the relief of Thomas the annulment of certain acts passed by the deceased; to the Committee on Claims. J. Kruk; to the Committee on Military Legislature of Puerto Rico; to the Committee By Mr. RICHARDS: Afi'airs. on Insular Affairs. H. R. 1060. A bill for the relief of Curtis H. R. 1089. A bill for the relief of Walter By Mr. SUMNERS pf Texas: Pope; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. C. Paplow; to th·e Committee on Naval Affairs. H. Res. 44. Resolution tc. amend rule m of H. R. 1061. A bill fol' the relief of Waldrop H. R. 1090. A bill for the relief of Keith the House, with respect to the duties of the Heating & Plumbing Co.; to the Committee William Kinney; to the Committee on Naval Clerk of the House; to the Committee on on Claims. Affairs. Rules. H. R.1062. A bill for the relief of the estate H. R. 1091. A bill for the relief of John of John H. Cathcart; to the Committee on Klasek; to the Committee on Claims. Claims. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H. R. 1092. A bill for the relief of Daniel By Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky: S. Snyder; to the Committee on :MilitaJ.·y Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private H. R. 1063. A bill for the relief of Jordan Affairs. · ~ ' bills and resolutions were introduced and B. Gross; to the Committee on Military H. R. 1093. A bill for the relief of Eugene severally referred as follows: .. Affairs. J. Ruhnke; to the Committee on Naval Af By Mr. SHORT: fairs. By Mr. COLMER: H. R. 1064. A bill granting a pension to By Mr.' SMITH of Virginia: H. R. 1039. A bill for the relief of William Katie A. Smith; to the Committee on Inva H. R. 1094. A bill to confer jurisdiction P. Kennedy, Sr.; to the Committee on Claims. lid Pensions. upon the Court of claims to hear, determine, H. R. 1040. A bill for the relief of Frank H. R.1065. A bill granting a pension to and render Judgment upon the claim of H. Henderson and Frances Nell Henderson, his Mary Jane Patterson; to the Committee on Herfurth, Jr., Inc.; to the Committee on wife; to the Committee on Claims. Invalid Pensions. Claims. H. R. 1041. A bill for the relief of E. F. H. R. 1066. A bill granting a pension to Hathorn and E. D. Hathorn; to the Committee By Mr. SPRINGER: Cathrine Orender; to the Committee on H. R. 1095. A bill granting a pension to on Claims. Invalid Pensions. Peter Henry Eickenberry; to the Committee By Mr HEBERT: H. R.l067. A bill granting a pension to H. R. 1042. A bill for the relief of Mary T. on Invalid Pensions. '" · Alice L. Stemmons; to the Committee on H. R.l096. A bill granting a pension to Recely; to the Committee on War Claims. Invalid Pensions. By Mr. HEIDINGER: H. R.l068. A bill granting a pension to Sarah J. Wilder; to the Committee on Invalid H. R.l043. A bill for the relief of Charley Mary B. Morris; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Leap; to th& Committee on Military Affairs. Pensions. H. R. 1097. A bill granting a pension to By Mr. HAYS: H. R.1069. A bill granting a pension to Clara B. Mathews; to the Committee on In H. R. 1044. A bill for the relief of D. S. Kerr; Rachel Nash; to the Committee on Invalid valid Pensions. to the Committee on Claims. Pensions. By Mr. THOMASON: By Mr. KEFAUVER: H. R. 1098. A bill for the relief of E1 Paso H. R. 1070. A bill granting a pension to Electric Co.; to the Committee on Claims. H. R. 1045. A bill for the relief of Mrs. R. D. Jesse Mills; to the Committee on Invalid Robinson; to the Committee on Claims. Pensions. H. R. 1099. A bill for the relief of Jose J. By Mr. LEA: Perez; to the Committee on Claims. H. R.1071. A bill granting a pension to By Mr. TARVER: . H. R. 1046. A bill for the relief of David B. Agnes P. Miller; to the Committee on Invalid 'Iurpel; to the Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 1100. A bill for the relief of the estate Pensions. of James A. Henderson, deceased; to the Com By Mr. ¥OTT: H. R. 1072. A bill granting a pension to H. R. 1047. A bill for the relief of the State Sarah E. Hermanstorfor; to the Committee en mittee on Clftims. of Oregon, Department 4 0f Forestry of the Invalid Pensions. By Mr. WEISS: State of Oregon, and certain organized pro H. R. 1073. A bill granting a pension to H. R. 1101. A bill for the relief of•George J. tection agencies in the State of Oregon for Henry WiUlam Means; to the Committee on Hiner; to the Committee on Claims. pl'Otection of unappropriated public-fore~t Invalid Pensions. By Mr. WELCH: lands intermingled with Oregon and Cali H. R.1074. A bill granting an increase of H. R. 1102. A bill granting a pension to fornia lands from July 1, 1938, to June 30, pension to Mrs. Hattie M. Butler; to the Julius Hansen; to the Committee on Pen- 1939; to the Committee on Claims. Committee on Invalid Pensions. sions. H. R. 1048. A bill for the relief of Christine H. R.1075. A bill granting an increase of By Mr. WASIELEWSKI: Lund; to the Committee on Claims. pension to Mary E. Stone; to the Commit H. R.l103. A bill for the relief of Anna By Mr. O'TOOLE: Maria Amberg; to the Committee on lnvalid tee on Invalid Pensions. Pensions. · H. R. 1049. A bill for the relief of the estate H. R. 1076. A bill granting a pension to a! Hyman Weiner; to the Committee on Frank A. Boster; to the Committee on In Claims. valid Pensions. PETITIONS, ETC. By Mr. OUTLAND: H. R. 1077. A bill granting a pension to An H. R. 1050. A bill for the relief of Walter geline Hart; to the Committee on Invalid Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions Eugene Hayes; to the Committee on War Pensions. and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk Claims. H. R. 1078. A bill conferring Jurisdiction and referred as follows: By Mr. O'BRIEN of nuna is: upon the Court of Claims to hear, determine, 7. By Mr. LUTHER A. JOHNSON: Memorial H. R. 1051. A bill for the relief of Robert and render judgment upon the claim of of C. L. Brown, manager of the Mexia Tor J. Eitel, Max Eitel, and E. J. Coyle, of Chi Seymour Consolidated School District No. 6, pedo Co., of Mexia, Tex., favoring retail sales cago, Ill., a copartnership doing business of Webster County, Mo.; to the Committee tax collected through the Internal Revenue under the name of "The C. & E. Co."; to the on Claims. Bureau; to the Committee on Ways and Committee on Claims. H. R. 1079. A bill for the relief of Oda. Means. By Mr. PLUMLEY: Herbert Plowman; to the Committee on Naval 8. By Mr. LAMBERTSON: Petition of Car H. R. 1052. A bill for the relief of Granite Affairs. rie M. Newton and 51 members of Anna A. Mutual Insurance; to the Committee on H. R. 1080. A bill for the relief of Walter Gordon ·Woman's Christian Temperance Claims. Weston Pie1·ce; to the Committee on Naval Union, urging the passage of Senate bill H. R. 1053. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Har Affairs. 860; to the Committee on Military Affairs. ris A. Roberts; to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. SCOTI': 9. By Mr. McGREGOR: Petition of the H. R. 1054. A bill granting an increase of H. R. 1081. A bill for the relief of Frank Liberty Township Woman's Christian Tem pension to Mary E. Blake; to the Committee Borah; to the Committee on Claims. perance Union of Knox County, Ohio, urging on Invalid Pensions. By Miss SUMNER of Illinois: the reenactment of .legislation similar to H. R. 1055. A bill granting a pension to H. R. 1082. A bill for the relief of the estate that of 1917, and set out in Senate bill 860 Clara L. Garvin; to the Committee on In of Richard McClure and others; to the Com of the Seventy-seventh Congress, forbidding valid Pensions. mittee on ClaimS. the exploitation of the men in the Army and 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 119 the N::.vy by liquor and commercialized United States Code, the Chair appoints Naval Affairs: Carl Vinson (chairman), vice; to the Committee on Military Affairs. as Regents of the Smithsonian Institu Georgia; Patrick H. Drewry, Virginia; Leon 10. By Mr. ROLPH: Resolution of the Call tion the following Members of the House: ard W. Schuetz, Il11nois; Warren G. Magnu fornia Wool Growers Association, San Fran- son, Washington; Lyndon B. Johnson, Texas; cisco, relative to the necessity for preda Mr. CANNON of Missouri, Mr. Cox, and Michael J. Bradley, Pennsylvania; Beverly M. tory animal control, and urging an appro Mr. STEARNS of New Hampshire. Vincent, Kentucky; Ed. V. Izac, California; priation of $1,500,000 annually by the Fed REPRESENTATIVE MARY T. NORTON Lansdale G. Sasscer, Maryland; James J. Hef eral Government for such control; to the fernan, New York; L. Mendel Rivers, South Committee on Appropriations. Mr. HART. Mr. Speaker, I offer a res Carolina. 11. By the SPEAKER: Petition of sundry olution