Vol. 5, No. 8 August 1995 INSIDE • South-Central Section Meeting, p. 160 GSA TODAY • New Members, p. 161 A Publication of the Geological Society of America • New Fellows, Student Associates, p. 163

The 1995 Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe), Japan, Earthquake Thomas L. Holzer, U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025

34° 135° 10' 45' 135° 15' 135° 20'

R o k k o M o u n t a i n s Nikawa-Yurino Holocene Alluvium and Reclaimed Ground Active Faults (Late Quaternary Activity) Figure 1. Neotectonic CRYSTALLINE ROCK OUTCROP FILTRATION Dashed where inferred ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS PLANT Pliocene - Pleistocene Sediment gravel, sand, clay Faults (Early Quaternary or map of Osaka Bay region ANCIENT SHORELINE, 6000 yr B.P. Miocene Sediment and Volcanics Tertiary Activity) LITTORAL & LAGOONAL DEPOSITS (generalized from River sand & clay Pre-Tertiary Intrusives, Sediment, and Major Tectonic Line in Metamorphic Rock Pre-Tertiary Basement Sangawa et al., 1983; SHORELINE circa 1885 RECLAIMED GROUND 34° 45' Tsukuda et al., 1982; and -10 BASE OF MARINE CLAY

0 25 50 km Elevation, m Asiya Mukogawa Tsukuda et al., 1985). JMA INTENSITY 7 134°-30' 135° 135°-30' 2 ? ? ? Nishinomiya 2 Hanshin Expressway

Daikai Kobe 5 Harbor TRAIN 25' 10 m ° STATION 43 35° 35° Expressway 20 m 135 34° 40' Hanshin Rokko Island Expressway Port 30 m 43 5 Island

Figure 2. Generalized OSAKA geologic map of Kobe Osaka Bay 0 5 km KOBE (from Huzita and Kasama, N EPICENTER 1983) and Japanese 34° 40' I N L A N D S E A 34°-30' 34°-30' Meteorological Agency ° 135° 15' 135° 20 135° 25 O S A K A B A Y (JMA) intensity 7 area. 135 10'

AWAJI ISLAND

44

134°-30' 135° 135°-30'

42 ABSTRACT unprepared; society is more likely to prepare when earth scientists map The January 17, 1995, earth- M=34 5 6 7 8 and quantify earthquake hazards. quake that devastated Kobe, Japan, 1961Ð94 Earthquakes 40 caused about $100 billion in prop- INTRODUCTION erty losses, making it the most Eurasian Plate expensive earthquake ever to strike The January 17, 1995, Hanshin- Earthquake an urban area. The earthquake killed Awaji, Japan, earthquake, which Depth (km) 38 5378 people, damaged or destroyed severely damaged Kobe, a modern city 0 about 152,000 buildings, and inciner- with many engineered structures, is 100 ated the equivalent of 70 U.S. city the most expensive earthquake ever Median Tectonic 200 blocks. The earthquake confirms the to occur. Previous earthquakes such as Line 36 credibility of predictions of major the 1976 Tangshan, China, earthquake, Tokyo 300 400 property losses when urban areas which killed 650,000 people, have Kobe in the United States are subjected to forcefully demonstrated the potential 500 local moderate earthquakes. It also for great loss of life when buildings 34 1944 provides an unusual opportunity are not earthquake resistant. The 1995 Pacific to study the effects of near-source Hanshin-Awaji earthquake confirms Plate 1946 gh ground shaking on both the build- the credibility of predictions of major rou 32 i T ings and infrastructure of a modern property losses when urban areas in ka an Philippine city and to deduce implications for the United States are subjected to near- N 200 km the United States. Damage to build- source ground shaking. This confirma- Plate ings, which accounted for about tion should motivate additional efforts 60% of the total property loss, was to mitigate the earthquake hazard in 130 135 140 145 greatest in buildings constructed urban areas in the United States that Figure 3. Japan, showing seismicity from 1961 to 1994, location of the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji under older building codes. The con- are underlain by active faults; these earthquake, and projected rupture areas of largest historical earthquakes to shake Kobe, which centration of damage in older build- areas include Los Angeles, Salt Lake were subduction-zone earthquakes in 1944 and 1946. (Figure prepared by Grant A. Marshall, ings highlights the need to address City, San Francisco–Oakland, San Diego, U.S. Geological Survey.) the seismic hazard from buildings and Seattle-Tacoma. This earthquake that do not conform to current code. also provides a special opportunity to The infrastructure of Kobe, including learn about the potential of near-source expressways, railways, port facilities, ground shaking and liquefaction to hazard. Salt Lake City sits atop the Awaji Island in Osaka Bay (Fig. 1). The and water, gas, electrical power, and damage modern engineered structures Wasatch fault system, which has been earthquake ruptured bilaterally along a sewer systems, also sustained major and urban infrastructure. documented by earth scientists to be 35–50-km-long northeasterly trending damage. The massive damage to Kobe presents interesting direct capable of generating moderate earth- zone; the northeastern part of the rup- infrastructure highlights the need parallels with cities in the United quakes. As in Kobe, the fault has had ture zone passed beneath Kobe. The to consider the seismic hazard to life- States. For example, the geology of only modest historical seismicity, and focal mechanism shows strike-slip lines; catastrophic failure of one of Oakland, California, which sits atop the public perception of and level of motion on a nearly vertical fault. Sur- these systems may undermine the the highly active Hayward fault, is preparation for the earthquake hazard face faulting was observed only above functionality of a city. The lessons similar to that of Kobe. Both cities are are not as high as in more seismically the southwest end of the rupture zone, from Kobe for the earth sciences built on young alluvial deposits and active areas. where a 9-km-long segment of the are similar to those from the 1994 ground reclaimed from adjacent Nojima fault broke the land on the Northridge and 1989 Loma Prieta, drowned estuaries. Both estuaries The Earthquake northwest side of Awaji Island. Surface California, earthquakes. Areas subject have thick accumulations of soft silt faulting was primarily strike slip, with The Hanshin-Awaji earthquake to either near-source ground shaking and clay. Thus, the earthquake in Kobe a maximum horizontal displacement (M = 6.9) occurred at 5:46 a.m. local or special site effects are at particular is a good analog for what may happen W of 1.7 m; locally, vertical offsets time on January 17, 1995. The epicen- risk from earthquakes. Earthquakes in Oakland. Salt Lake City presents a ter was located off the northeast tip of become disasters when society is parallel in public perception of the Kobe continued on p. 154 Kobe continued from p. 153 GEOLOGIC SETTING Geologic mapping in Japan has re- IN THIS ISSUE vealed many onshore or nearshore Japan is an island arc that has reached 1.0 m. Seismic profiles in faults that show evidence of Quater- formed on the east boundary of the Osaka Bay revealed scarps off the nary activity (Research Group for The 1995 Hanshin-Awaji Eurasian tectonic plate (Fig. 3). The northeast end of Awaji Island with an Active Faults in Japan, 1991). The (Kobe), Japan, Earthquake . . 153 geologic history of Japan is dominated aggregate length of 7 km. The offshore Hanshin-Awaji earthquake of January by subduction of the Philippine and Slide Set Available on Kobe faults are offset about 5 km to the 17, 1995, occurred on one of these Pacific plates beneath the Eurasian Earthquake Damage ...... 154 southeast of the Nojima fault. mapped faults. Kobe is about 250 km plate. In southwestern Japan, subduc- About People ...... 154 Damage was concentrated in a northwest of the Nankai Trough and tion occurs along the Nankai Trough. narrow elongate zone (Fig. 2). The about 50 km north of the Median Tec- In Memoriam ...... 154 Although most of the seismic energy earthquake killed 5378 people, injured tonic Line (Fig. 3), a major geologic associated with plate convergence is Travel Grant Program ...... 154 33,189 people, damaged 152,297 boundary that divides southwestern released along the downgoing slab, buildings, and incinerated an area Japan into a northern “Inner Zone” GSA on the Web ...... 154 Japan also faces a significant onshore of 671,253 m2, the equivalent of 70 and southern “Outer Zone.” Basement earthquake hazard. About eight moder- Washington Report ...... 157 U.S. city blocks (Asahi Evening News, rocks of the Inner Zone consist chiefly ate or larger earthquakes occur per cen- 1995). Total property losses were about 1995 Dibblee Medal ...... 157 tury onshore (Wesnousky et al., 1982). $100 billion. Kobe continued on p. 155 GSAF Update ...... 158 1996 South-Central Section Meeting ...... 160 New GSA Members ...... 161 Slide Set Available on Kobe Earthquake Damage New GSA Fellows, Students ...... 163 Here is an excellent tool for educational use: a set of 35 mm illustrate the Holocene history of Kobe. The set is supplied Calendar ...... 164 color slides compiled by author Thomas L. Holzer, USGS, with a printed text describing the views. expanding on this article. These 30 slides, taken by several GSA Section Meetings ...... 166 investigators, document geologic conditions and damage Order slide set SLI001, Kobe Earthquake Damage, from the GSA Annual Meetings ...... 166 resulting from the January 17, 1995, M 6.9 Hanshin-Awaji Geological Society of America, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO earthquake that devastated Kobe, Japan. Views illustrate 80301-9140, phone 800-472-1988 or (303) 447-2020. 1995 Penrose Conferences ...... 166 damage to buildings, transportation facilities, and lifelines. Orders may be faxed to GSA at 303-447-1133; please include Classifieds ...... 167 The set includes pictures of liquefaction and ground settling complete credit card information. List price $47, postpaid by in areas of reclaimed ground, including the Port of Kobe, the surface mail; GSA members may claim their discount. This is a third busiest port in the world. Maps show surficial geology, limited, one-time offer. Orders must be received by Septem- GSA TODAY August neotectonic setting, and liquefaction areas. Cross sections ber 15, 1995, and will be shipped about September 30. Vol. 5, No. 8 1995

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154 GSA TODAY, August 1995 Kobe continued from p. 154 of 580 ha, was reclaimed from 1973 to 1992. Fill was dumped into standing of Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary water that had an average water depth rocks. In the Kobe region, these sedi- of 12 m. No significant effort was made mentary rocks are intruded by large during reclamation to compact the bodies of Late Cretaceous age granite sandy fill to increase its liquefaction and granodiorite; these intrusive rocks resistance. Pre-earthquake standard compose the mountainous region penetration test resistance typically north of Kobe. ranged from 5 to 10 blows/ft (Nakakita Downwarping within the Inner and Watanabe, 1977). Zone during the Cenozoic created sedimentary basins bounded by the GROUND SHAKING basement rocks. Kobe sits on the north- Ground shaking in the epicentral western margin of one of these basins, region of the earthquake was excep- the Osaka Basin. This area has subsided tionally well recorded (National Re- at a high rate throughout the Pliocene search Institute for Earth Science and and Pleistocene and has accumulated Disaster Prevention, 1995). Recorded a complexly interbedded sequence of accelerations equaled or exceeded 0.5 g Quaternary marine and alluvial de- at ten sites. The maximum acceleration posits; maximum thickness of these was 0.818 g, recorded on the north- deposits is more than 600 m. south component of an accelerometer Most of Kobe sits on a narrow at the Kobe Oceanic and Meteorologi- 2–3-km-wide coastal plain. The land- cal Observatory. Ground velocities were ward, or northern, margin of the greater than 100 cm/s. Near-source coastal plain is formed by the Rokko strong ground shaking lasted 10 to 15 s. Mountains, and the shoreward margin The amplitude of shaking was unusu- by Osaka Bay. Surficial deposits of the ally high in the period range from coastal plain can be divided into two 0.25 to 2.0 s. major groups, natural deposits and The attenuation of peak ground artificial landfills (Fig. 2). The natural acceleration with distance from the deposits are of two types (Huzita and source zone is consistent with the Kasama, 1983). The inner part of the recently revised attenuation curves of Kobe Coastal Plain is underlain by an Boore et al. (1994) (Fig. 4). Near-source approximately 2-km-wide zone of allu- values are lower than the near-source vial deposits. Near the modern stream values recorded during the 1994 North- channels, most of the deposits are ridge, California, earthquake, possibly coarse grained, in many places con- reflecting the difference in source taining gravel derived from the Rokko mechanisms. Ruptures on reverse Mountains. These gravelly deposits faults, such as Northridge, seem to range from 10 to 20 m in thickness. produce higher levels of ground shak- Interchannel areas are underlain by ing than do ruptures on strike-slip finer grained materials. The southern faults (Heaton and Wald, 1994). Prelim- margin of the alluvial deposits is a pre- inary comparison of the ground shak- historic shoreline that approximately ing at sites underlain by soft soils with parallels the modern shoreline. This that at nearby sites on either firmer shoreline is marked by a 4-m-high ero- soils or rock indicates that shaking was sional scarp that was cut at the end of amplified by a factor of 2 at soft soil the Jo–mon marine transgression into sites (Borcherdt, 1995). Amplification Osaka Bay, about 6000 yr ago. An ratios are independent of the level of approximately 1-km-wide flat plain shaking, suggesting that site amplifica- that is underlain by alternating layers tion was linear or independent of strain of littoral sand and lagoonal clay lies level (Borcherdt, 1995). bayward of this old shoreline. These sand and clay deposits, which are GROUND FAILURE only a few meters thick, represent post-Jo–mon deposition and prograda- Much of the artificial fill in areas tion of the coastal plain. of reclaimed ground liquefied during More than 27 km2 of land has the earthquake and expelled large vol- been reclaimed from Osaka Bay along umes of both sand and water. About the Kobe shoreline. Artificial fill was 17 km2 of land area was covered by derived from several large quarries in vented materials. Splatter marks on weathered granite and Cenozoic sedi- walls and other structures showed ments east and west of Kobe. The first that water fountains reached heights major reclamation effort filled 529 ha of almost 2 m in a few places and along the shoreline from 1953 to 1970. typically reached 0.5 m. After these reclamation efforts, two Lateral spreading was widespread large islands, Port and Rokko Islands, along the perimeters of the artificial were created. Reclamation of Port fills and generally involved failure of Island started in 1966 and filled 826 ha. Rokko Island, which covers an area Kobe continued on p. 156

Figure 4. Observed 1.0 ) peak horizontal accel- g eration vs. distance from the surface pro- Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake jection of the seismic rupture surface (mod- ified from Borcherdt, 1995). Value plotted is the maximum of the two recorded 1.5 orthogonal horizontal components. Attenu- ation curve is based on statistical corre- lations of ground- shaking recordings from earthquakes PEAK HORIZONTAL ACCELERATION ( in western North 0.0 America that were 0 50 100 150 200 observed at sites with HORIZONTAL DISTANCE (km) average shear-wave velocities of 180 to 360 m/s in the upper 30 m beneath the site (Boore et al., 1994). Solid curve shows median value; dashed curves are one standard deviation.

GSA TODAY, August 1995 155 seismic-shaking resistance; however, some new steel buildings were dam- aged. Although most of the damage had been from expected ductile defor- mation, brittle failures of some steel sections and welds were also observed. Figure 5. Differential Fires associated with the earth- ground settlement in quake incinerated 6913 buildings in artificial fill beneath the an aggregate area of 671,253 m2. About Harbor Expressway near 10% of the loss of life was attributed to Rokko Island. Postlique- fire. About two-thirds of the known faction consolidation caused ground to settle ignitions were attributed to either leak- between bridge ing gas or electrical problems. Over- columns. Columns turned kerosene heaters, candles, and extend through liquefied bonfires that were lit after the earth- zone. (Photograph by quake to provide warmth caused the Carol S. Prentice, U.S. other ignitions. Geological Survey.) EFFECTS ON INFRASTRUCTURE In addition to the extensive damage to commercial and residential buildings, the infrastructure of Kobe, including highways, railways, port facilities, waterlines, sewage-treatment Kobe continued from p. 155 mately 60% of the total property loss cantly lessened damage in newer build- facilities, gas-supply lines, and electrical derived from this destruction. Nearly ings (Fig. 7). Many older reinforced- power supply system was badly dam- quay walls. Maximum permanent hori- 90% of the fatalities were caused by concrete buildings collapsed in mid- aged. The damage and the rate of zontal ground deformation from lateral collapse of houses. The most compre- story (Fig. 8). Various design problems recovery of the urban infrastructure are spreading was about 2 m. Permanent hensive damage survey was by the contributed to this distinctive failure important aspects of the earthquake. horizontal ground deformation dimin- Disaster Prevention Research Institute mode, including abrupt decreases with Some of the most spectacular ished rapidly in severity inland from (DPRI), which inventoried damage in a height in the horizontal stiffness of images of damage involved the trans- the quay walls, although areas with 10 km2 area of downtown Kobe. Much buildings, as well as structural disconti- portation system, both highways and ground cracks extended as much as of the following information is from nuities. Some discontinuities resulted railways. Kobe is serviced by two lim- 100 m inland from some walls. their report (Fujiwara et al., 1995). from a uniquely Japanese approach to ited-access highways, the Hanshin and Postliquefaction consolidation and Most of the destroyed homes were enhance the seismic resistance of build- Harbor expressways, both of which expulsion of particulate matter caused nonengineered wood-frame residences ings: encasement of a steel frame into a are elevated structures. The Hanshin regionally extensive settlements that of traditional Japanese design that reinforced-concrete frame. For reasons Expressway in Kobe, which was built ranged from 30 to 50 cm and locally were built between the late 1940s and of economy, steel frames were used in the 1960s, was the most heavily exceeded 100 cm. Settlements were the 1970s. Single-family residential only in the lower part of buildings. damaged; it includes a 600-m-long easy to detect and measure because construction in Kobe is not regulated This is the first earthquake in which overturned section. Almost every col- many structures built on reclaimed by a building code. Two principal styles midstory collapses at the top of embed- umn of this expressway, which rests ground are supported by piles or of residential construction, Shinkabe ded steel frames were observed. on single columns along most of its columns that extend through the and Okabe, were popular. These resi- Damage to steel-frame buildings length, was damaged. Columns of the liquefied zone (Fig. 5). dences typically are either unbraced was also worse in pre-1981 buildings. expressway were short and stiff, caus- Despite the rugged terrain of the or lightly braced, one- and two-story, The DPRI survey in downtown Kobe ing them to undergo large dynamic Rokko Mountains, only a few land- post-and-beam construction with documented 977 damaged and 55 col- forces. Steel reinforcing, particularly slides were reported. Unpublished heavy ceramic-tile roofs to resist the lapsed steel-frame buildings. Many of the ties that confine the concrete in reconnaissance maps provided by winds of typhoons. Most wood connec- these buildings were built in the 1960s, columns, was inadequate (Comartin the Geographical Survey of Japan, tions are by tenon-and-mortise rather when steel shortages and the high cost et al., 1995). although they provide limited areal than with nails. Resistance to horizon- of structural steel in Japan prompted coverage of the mountain front near tal shaking is further lowered by the construction without much regard for Kobe continued on p. 165 Kobe, showed only 12 landslides. Most absence of interior shear walls and, in of the landslides were on steep slopes cases of mixed use, by open storefronts SLIGHT OR NONE MODERATE inland from Nishinomiya. The largest on the first story. Many collapsed resi- MINOR SEVERE (COLLAPSE) and most damaging slope failure was dences so thoroughly disintegrated NUMBER OF BUILDINGS IN SAMPLE next to the Nikawa-Yurino Filtration that there was nothing to suggest that (25)(10) (13) (10) (12) (9) (4) 100 Plant (see Fig. 2 for location); this fail- they had ever been more than piles of Figure 7. Correlation between damage ure killed 34 people. Embankment fail- splintered wood and rubble (Fig. 6). 80 ures also occurred along streams in the Many older reinforced concrete level and year of construction of rein- coastal plain. buildings also were severely damaged. 60 forced-concrete build- The DPRI survey in downtown Kobe ings (Fujiwara et al., EFFECTS ON BUILDINGS documented that 1558 reinforced 40 1995). Numbers in concrete buildings were damaged, and Both nonengineered homes and parentheses are the size 80 collapsed. A major revision of the of the sample. engineered buildings were devastated. NO. OF BUILDINGS 20 building code in 1981, which signifi- About 152,000 buildings and homes cantly upgraded seismic resistance 0 were destroyed or damaged. Approxi- Pre 6566-70 71-75 76-80 81-85 86-90 90-95 requirements, appears to have signifi- YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION

Figure 6. Collapsed Japanese wood-frame home. (Photograph by Carol S. Prentice, U.S. Figure 8. Collapsed sixth story in eight-story Kobe City Hall Annex, a reinforced-concrete build- Geological Survey.) ing built in the 1960s. Behind it is the 16-story New City Hall, a 1980s steel-frame building that was not damaged and remained functional after the earthquake. (Photograph by Christopher Rojahn, Applied Technology Council.)

156 GSA TODAY, August 1995 WASHINGTON REPORT PUBLICATIONS NEWS FROM GSA

Bruce F. Molnia

Washington Report provides the GSA membership with a window on the activities BOOKWATCH THIS COLUMN FOR NEWS NOOK ABOUT GSA PUBLICATIONS of the federal agencies, Congress and the legislative process, and international interactions that could impact the geoscience community. In future issues, island arcs and their adjacent sedimentary basins. Ten papers Washington Report will present summaries of agency and interagency programs, RECENTLY RELEASED! REVIEWS IN ENGINEERING GEOLOGY X address the low-grade metamorphism of mafic rocks from a track legislation, and present insights into Washington, D.C., geopolitics as they CLAY AND SHALE SLOPE INSTABILITY wide range of these settings and employ various research pertain to the geosciences. methodologies in problem solving. edited by W. C. Haneberg and S. A. Anderson, 1995 SPE296, 174 p., indexed, ISBN 0-8137-2296-9, $50.00 Ten state-of-the-art papers address both empirical and analytical aspects of clay and shale slope instability. Among GEOLOGIC AND TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT OF the topics discussed in detail are limit equilibrium stability analysis, shear strength of clay and clayey colluvium, use of THE CARIBBEAN PLATE BOUNDARY IN triaxial test data to evaluate viscoplastic slope movements, SOUTHERN CENTRAL AMERICA Who’s Who In Congressional Science numerical modeling of pore pressure distribution in edited by P. Mann, 1995 heterogeneous soils, rational analysis of rainfall and landslide Presents 17 papers on various aspects of the complex For those in the federal science and university communities whose livelihood movement patterns, the effects of hydrothermal alteration geologic and tectonic development of southern Central is dependent on congressionally appropriated funds, an up-to-date list of congres- on slope stability, mudrock durability and stability America, defined here as the combined land areas of Panama considerations, and regional clay and shale slope stability and Costa Rica, and their adjacent offshore areas in the sional committees and subcommittees that deal with science issues is a significant problems in Italy. This volume is a must for researchers and Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean. asset. Knowing the ranking members of these committees is also a plus. Such a list practitioners in engineering geology, geomorphology, SPE295, 381 p., paperback, 8 plates on 4 sheets in pockets, geotechnical engineering, hydrogeology, natural hazard indexed, ISBN 0-8137-2295-0, $100.00 of committees and members was recently prepared and distributed on the Inter- assessment, and other fields concerned with clay and shale net by ASLA, the American Geophysical Union’s Science Legislative Alert. With slope processes. PERMIAN-TRIASSIC PANGEAN BASINS AND ASLA’s permission, the list is being reproduced here for GSA members’ informa- REG010, 160 p., hardbound, indexed. ISBN 0-8137-4110-6, $60.00 FOLDBELTS ALONG THE PANTHALASSAN tion. In both the Senate and the House of Representatives, virtually all science MARGIN OF GONDWANALAND ARCHAEOLOGICAL GEOLOGY OF THE ARCHAIC edited by J. J. Veevers and C. McA. Powell, 1994 activities fall under the jurisdiction of five major committees. Although both PERIOD IN NORTH AMERICA After reconstructing Permian-Triassic Gondwanaland, chambers have an Appropriations and a Budget Committee, the organization and edited by E. A. Bettis III, 1995 authors writing on South America, South Africa, Antarctica, responsibilities of the five House committees do not fully duplicate all of the func- Climatic, biotic, and geomorphic changes that had dramatic and Australia profusely illustrate the relevant geology of each effects on prehistoric human populations occurred during sector in maps and time-space diagrams underpinned by tions of the often similarly named Senate counterparts. An examination of the list the early and middle Holocene in North America. This robust biostratigraphic and radiometric dating. The work is presented below will show the organizational structure, the responsibility, and the volume focuses on the stratigraphic record of that period, then drawn together in a stratigraphic-tectonic synthesis, and the controls that sedimentary and pedologic processes which features the specifically Gondwanan glaciogene and disciplinary control these committees hold over different aspects of U.S. science. have exerted on our perceptions of the associated archaeo- coal facies, the Early and Middle Triassic coal gap, and the The list is organized as follows: logical record of the Archaic Period. A variety of approaches interplay of Pangean and Panthalassan tectonics. to investigating and modeling the archaeological geology of MWR184, 372 p., hardbound, ISBN 0-8137-1184-3, $100.00 the early and middle Holocene in North America are presented. A. House of Congress: These seven papers summarize what is known of the archaeo- THE GEOLOGY OF ALASKA I. Committee: with the name of the chairman and ranking minority member logical geology of the Archaic Period from the St. Lawrence edited by G. Plafker and H. C. Berg, 1994 a. Subcommittee: Lowland, through the Mid-continent and Plains, to the GNA-G1, 1,066 p., hardbound, w/13 plates in slipcase, and Rocky Mountains, and on the continental shelf. 1 microfiche card, indexed, ISBN 0-8137-5219-1, $135.00 with the name of the chairman and ranking minority member SPE297, 158 p., paperback, indexed. ISBN 0-8137-2297-7, $45.00 1. Agency or issue of jurisdiction LOW-GRADE METAMORPHISM OF MAFIC ROCKS 1-800-472-1988 edited by P. Schiffman and H. W. Day, 1995 A. SENATE: Mafic rocks recrystallized to the zeolite, prehnite-pumpellyite, I. Appropriations Committee: and contiguous facies are found within a large part of Earth's Hatfield (R—OR), chairman; Byrd (D—WV), ranking member crust, but particularly at divergent and convergent plate margins. Study of these low-grade metamorphic rocks can GSA PUBLICATION SALES a. Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary Subcommittee: provide significant insights into understanding the thermal P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301 Gramm (R—TX), chairman; Hollings (D—SC), ranking member and chemical evolution of diverse tectonic settings, including 303-447-2020 or fax 303-447-1133 1. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) mid-oceanic spreading centers, accretionary prisms, and Prepayment required. Major credit cards accepted. b. Energy and Water Development Subcommittee: Domenici (R—NM), chairman; Johnston (D—LA), ranking member 1. Department of Energy (DOE) (part, including research and development) 2. Department of the Interior (part) Peter D. Rowley Receives c. Interior and Related Agencies Subcommittee: Gorton (R—WA), chairman; Byrd (D—WV), ranking member 1995 Dibblee Medal 1. Department of the Interior (DOI) (part, including U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]) Dorothy L. Stout 2. DOE (part) d. VA, HUD and Independent Agencies Subcommittee: Bond (R—MO), chairman; Mikulski (D—MD), ranking member 1. Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) “A geologist is spe- 2. Office of Environmental Quality (OEQ) cial because she or he 3. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) makes geologic maps 4. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and in doing so is 5. National Science Foundation (NSF) deeply and fraternally 6. Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) bound to other geolo- II. Budget Committee: gists because each has Domenici (R—NM), chairman; Exon (D—NB), ranking member experienced the excite- III. Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee: ment of discovery, not Pressler (R—SD), chairman; Hollings (D—SC), ranking member only scientific discov- (responsible for NOAA, NSF, and NASA) ery, but discovery of a. Oceans and Fisheries Subcommittee: the natural world, and Stevens (R—AK), chairman; Kerry (D—MA), ranking member most importantly dis- Peter Rowley in Antarctica. 1. Ocean issues—pollution covery of self. The 2. Fisheries management importance and the b. Science, Technology and Space Subcommittee: worth of the geologic map is discovery, Foundation underscores the impor- Burns (R—MT), chairman; Rockefeller (D—WV), ranking member it is our bond, and it is our immortal- tance of geologic field mapping as a 1. Science, engineering, and technology research, development, ity.” These words of UCLA’s Dean means of solving complex geological and policy Clarence Hall served to introduce the problems and commemorates the IV. Energy and Natural Resources Committee: special ceremony presenting the sec- extraordinary geologic mapping Murkowski (R—AK), chairman; Johnston (D—LA), ranking member ond Dibblee Medal to Peter Rowley, of achievements of Tom Dibblee. (responsible for Department of Energy [DOE] and USGS [part]) the U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, John Anderson, retired professor a. Energy Production and Regulation Subcommittee: Colorado. The first recipient of the Dib- of geology at Kent State University and Nickles (R—OK), chairman; Bingaman (D—NM), ranking member blee Medal was Lehi Hintze. The May Rowley’s long-time friend and nomina- b. Energy Research and Development Subcommittee: 4, 1995, event was held in conjunction tor, highlighted Pete’s career by relating Domenici (R—NM), chairman; Ford (D—KY), ranking member with the Pacific Section meeting of the that Peter DeWitt Rowley was born in 1. DOE National Laboratories American Association of Petroleum Connecticut in 1942 where he grew up 2. Global Climate Change Geologists in San Francisco. Hall went and received his early education. He c. Forests and Public Land Management Subcommittee: on to say, “A field geologist is inven- received his B.A. in geology from Car- Craig (R—ID), chairman; Bradley (D—NJ), ranking member tive, masochistic, independent, imagi- leton College in 1964. Also a Carleton V. Environment and Public Works Committee: native, entrepreneurial, artistic, and is alumnus, John had in 1963, just back Chafee (R—RI), chairman; Baucus (D—MT), ranking member bound philosophically and scientifi- from Antarctica, recruited Pete as his a. Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property and Nuclear Safety Subcommittee: cally to his or her fellow field geologists field assistant for his University of Faircloth (R—NC), chairman; Graham (D—FL), ranking member and geologists by geologic maps, think- Texas Ph.D. mapping program under b. Drinking Water, Fisheries and Wildlife Subcommittee: ing in four dimensions, and by under- J. Hoover Mackin in the southern Kempthorne (R—ID), chairman; Reid (D—NV), ranking member standing the absence of geologic and Marysvale volcanic field in southwest- biologic permanence.” ern Utah. “Thus began for Rowley a This award presented by the Thomas Wilson Dibblee, Jr., Geological Washington Report continued on p. 164 Dibblee continued on p. 158

GSA TODAY, August 1995 157 GSAF UPDATE Robert L. Fuchs Second Century Fund Membership Campaign Begins—Chairs Appointed

Chair Bill Bromery announced the that GSA’s 16,000 earth scientists have start of the membership phase of the the opportunity to support this fund Second Century Fund campaign and drive. Strong membership involvement the appointment of chairs for each is really critical to the continued suc- SECOND CENTURY FUND of GSA’s six sections. The overall cess and final completion of the Sec- campaign goal is $10 million, and ond Century Fund. Outside organiza- EARTH ◆ EDUCATION ◆ ENVIRONMENT the membership portion of this is tions that are potential contributors $1.5 million. frequently examine the internal sup- Bromery, who is president of port that is being generated, using this MEMBERSHIP GOAL as a criterion in making their decisions. Springfield College in Massachusetts $1.5 MILLION and a past president of GSA, in an- “GSA’s six Sections have the most nouncing the membership campaign, direct, local contact with members, said, “since the Second Century Fund and for this reason the Sections will SECTION GOALS began in 1992, the Committee, the spearhead the membership campaign, Foundation, and a number of GSA beginning in early August. Through CORDILLERAN NORTH-CENTRAL NORTHEASTERN members have worked diligently their close relationships with students, toward achieving the campaign goal. educators, and the public, the Sections $465,000 $170,000 $265,000 The results are a testimonial to their are in an excellent position to extend ROCKY MOUNTAIN SOUTH-CENTRAL SOUTHEASTERN work—nearly $4 million in new the Society’s research, education, envi- endowment and program funds from ronmental, and outreach programs. $225,000 $165,000 $210,000 some 140 donors. We have been very Sections need to benefit directly from pleased by the leadership gifts that are the funds given by members, so a por- included in these totals, from mem- tion of all unrestricted gifts and pledges bers, foundations, and companies. The will go to Section endowment funds at success of a major capital campaign the Foundation. [Individual Section given extensively of their time to GSA Fisher—South-Central, Ken Hamblin— such as the Second Century Fund for goals are shown in the accompanying in the past and are willing once again Rocky Mountain, and Bill Dickinson— Earth • Education • Environment is table.] to undertake an important job on be- Cordilleran. Many more are indicating ultimately achieved through the partic- “Finally, what I find personally half of geology. The Second Century their willingness to work on local ipation of all members and supporters very exciting about the membership Fund Section chairs are Jack Oliver— committees and help us achieve of an organization, not only through campaign is the leadership that has Northeastern, Bob Hatcher—Southeast- the goals.” ■ the large gifts. Thus, it is important been assembled, members who have ern, Lee Suttner—North-Central, Bill

Donors to the Foundation, May 1995

GSA Foundation Allan V. Cox Student J. Hoover Mackin Award Unrestricted—Foundation 3300 Penrose Place Research Fund Mark A. Gonzalez John Eliot Allen P.O. Box 9140 Ellin Beltz Thomas L. T. Grose J. Kaspar Arbenz Dwight L. Schmidt Arten J. Avakian Shirley J. Dreiss Memorial Boulder, CO 80301 Michael M. Bessette Jean M. Bahr Carol G. and Andrew L. Brill* (303) 447-2020 Barbara A. Bekins John T. McGill Fund R. A. Cadigan Peter B. Davies Christopher F. Erskine A. E. Campbell Leonard F. Konikow* Minority Paul D. Chang David B. Rogers* Michele L. Aldrich Charles S. Denny L. Jan Turk* Richard Hamburger Enclosed is my contribution in the amount of $______for: Penrose Conferences Engineering Geology Murray W. Hitzman Mobil Oil Canada* Foundation Unrestricted Award James D. Hume GSA Unrestricted Robert E. Barnett Publications Jeffrey Klein* Scott F. Burns John E. Costa Garry C. Maurath The ______Fund Jerry B. Dahm James P. Minard GEOSTAR Robert H. Moench* Bruce H. Bryant* Bruce L. “Biff” Reed Richard L. Nielsen Please add my name to the Century Plus Roster (gifts of $150 or more). James Channing Cole Scholarship Frank Royse, Jr.* Norma Westman Del Giudice Helen L. Foster Thomas W. Stern* I am interested in working on my Section’s Second Century Fund Charles L. Gardner Katherine M. Reed* John H. Weitz* Detlef A. Warnke membership campaign. Please let me know how I can help. Research Edmund G. Wermund, Jr. History of Geology Award Jeffrey Klein* Robert C. Whisonant Robert N. Ginsburg* Mobil Oil Corporation* David A. White Thomas E. Pickett Dennis I. Netoff Unrestricted—GSA PLEASE PRINT Theodore H. Sobieski SAGE Carl O. Bowin Hydrogeology Scott F. Burns Edward Bradley Name ______Division Award Paul D. Chang Paul E. Damon Thomas F. Corbet Lincoln S. Hollister* Robert B. Hall Christopher J. Murray Michael E. Hriskevich IEE Address ______David L. Warburton Jeffrey Klein* Scott F. Burns Kathleen M. White* J. Lamar Worzel Holly L. O. Huyck City/State/ZIP ______William E. Seyfried, Jr. Second Century Fund Women in Science Robert C. Whisonant Helen L. Cannon Vicki L. Hansen* Gordon P. Eaton* Holly L. O. Huyck Phone ______*Century Plus Roster Kenneth F. Keller* (gifts of $150 or more). John C. Maxwell* Brian J. Skinner*

Dibblee continued from p. 157 with the USGS include 54 maps, mostly at that scale because no base maps were Rowley’s encouragement of future at a scale of 1:24,000 and most in made of the areas he worked in. The geologic mappers is illustrated in that, love affair with the geology of the rugged territory, the bulk being “vol- extent of his mapping can be seen, as Anderson said, “throughout his American West that has endured to this canic terranes of great structural and however, not only on the two 1:500,000- career with the USGS Rowley has done day,” Anderson said. The next summer stratigraphic complexity, and all of the scale maps (of at least 60,000 sq. mi. of everything he possibly could to encour- Mackin funded Pete for mapping in the very highest quality.… From 1970 to previously unexplored mountains) that age and assist the geologic mapping Marysvale field. Pete went on to receive 1986 this activity was largely divided existing base maps made possible, but efforts of college students,” most of his Ph.D. from the University of Texas between the Antarctic Peninsula, the also in the articles that he published whom have come from Carleton Col- in 1968. Pete’s own dissertation, under oil-shale lands of Utah and the Marys- based on that mapping.… Since 1986, lege and Kent State University. “Over Mackin, “involved the geologic map- vale volcanic center and Iron Springs Rowley’s mapping efforts have been the years, Rowley was instrumental in ping at 1:62,500 of the southern Sevier mining district of Utah. During these concentrated largely in the Caliente obtaining Survey support for many Plateau … some of the most rugged years he also was involved in research Depression, Nevada, probably the students, from full support by an terrain in Utah.” at Mount St. Helens following its erup- largest (80 × 35 km), yet most poorly appointment as a field assistant to par- Anderson went on to recount that tion in 1980, and in the Murdama known, Tertiary caldera complex in the tial support by being provided with a Pete joined the USGS in 1970 where his Basin, Saudi Arabia. Unfortunately, conterminous United States.… Rowley government vehicle while they were major activity has always been geologic the 1:250,000 mapping that he accom- has published more than 80 articles in the field.” Rowley is “sole author of mapping. His extensive mapping plished during five field seasons in and 30 abstracts dealing with aspects accomplishments during his 25 years Antarctica remains largely unpublished of the geology he has mapped.” Dibblee continued on p. 159

158 GSA TODAY, August 1995 LaMoreaux Gift Honored at GSA Headquarters

During the May Council and com- supervising all activities in the United mittee meetings in Boulder, GSA Presi- States and its possessions. In 1961 he dent Dave Stephenson recognized a became Alabama’s State Geologist and recent Second Century Fund leadership Oil and Gas Supervisor. After retire- gift from Phil and Bunnie LaMoreaux. ment, from 1983 through 1988, he Dave Stephenson and The GSA Council Room, where for was Director of the Environmental Bunny and Phil more than 20 years numerous delibera- Institute for Waste Management Stud- LaMoreaux. tions and debates by the representa- ies at the University of Alabama. Den- Second Century tives of the membership have been for- nison University awarded him an hon- Fund Recognition, mulated into the plans and procedures orary Doctor of Science degree in 1972. Boulder, Colorado, May 1995. that guide the Society, has been marked During Phil LaMoreau’s time as with a plaque that denotes this gift. Alabama State Geologist, the Alabama “As a fellow hydrogeologist,” said Survey grew from a small staff to one of Stephenson speaking at the awards the leading state surveys in the nation, reception, “I have always been an ad- with more than 175 employees work- mirer of Phil LaMoreaux, whose career ing on geology, minerals, water, energy, parallels the development and growth and the environment. The period of his of hydrogeology. His accomplishments leadership also coincided with the ma- Geological Institute, president of the Distinguished Alumni Award from have been some of the key ingredients jor development of the Jay field and Association of American State Geolo- Dennison University. behind the importance that our disci- the rapid expansion of Alabama’s gists, and president of the International Phil LaMoreaux has long been pline has achieved both in this country petroleum industry. As the Oil and Association of Hydrogeologists. He is a active in GSA. He was a founder and and throughout the world. The Society Gas Supervisor he was responsible member of the National Academy of chair of the Hydrogeology Division, has benefited from Dr. LaMoreaux’s for implementing laws and regulations Engineers. Honors and awards include was a member of Council, and is a work on its behalf, particularly his that controlled this development and the Distinguished Alumni Award from Foundation Trustee and past Chair- leading role over the years in the directed such operational activities as Dennison University and the American man. In responding to the GSA Coun- Hydrogeology Division, and this drilling, testing, plugging, and the pro- Geological Institute’s Ian Campbell cil Room designation, established by additional financial backing during tection of water resources. Medal, and the Commander’s Medal the Executive Committee and Founda- this capital campaign is but one further Phil LaMoreaux founded P. E. from the U.S. Corps of Engineers. tion Trustees in recognition of the manifestation of his active and contin- LaMoreaux and Associates (PELA), Bunnie LaMoreaux received her LaMoreaux gift and his long service uous support.” which was incorporated in 1970. For B.A. from Dennison University and to the Society, Phil LaMoreaux noted, Phil LaMoreaux graduated from 20 years he led this organization’s work her M.S. in secondary education and “Bunnie and I are very appreciative of Dennison University in 1943 and in minerals, water, energy, geology, and Ph.D. in higher education administra- this honor that has been extended to subsequently obtained a Master of the environment in the United States tion from the University of Alabama. us by GSA. The Council Room means Science degree from the University of and several foreign countries. Through- In addition to being active in PELA a lot to me, for I especially enjoyed Alabama. Since then, his connections out this period he was occupied with management, she organized and heads my term on Council, and I feel that in with Alabama, both the University and numerous additional public service an import company. She has directed a small way this enabled me to partici- the state, have been close. He taught activities—scientific, editorial, various programs at the University of pate in the ongoing professional and geology and hydrogeology for 23 years governmental, and civic. These Alabama, including International Stu- scientific debate that guides the pro- while working as District Geologist included editor-in-chief of the Journal dent Affairs, Work-Study, and Financial grams and plans of this prestigious with the USGS and later as State Geol- of Environmental Geology, member of Aid. Bunnie LaMoreaux has been a organization.” ■ ogist in Tuscaloosa. During his USGS the Environmental Protection Agency’s leader in Tuscaloosa civic and social tenure from 1943 until 1961, he rose National Drinking Water Advisory activities. Recently, she received the to Chief, USGS Ground Water Branch, Council, president of the American

Dibblee continued from p. 158 These scholars offered inspiration, One particular philosophy offered hope ished number of college and university high ethics, love of science, infectious that I might eventually understand geology departments, who buck a tide only a few maps, and senior author of enthusiasm, and a love of field work. rocks. Hoover Mackin told me in 1967 of de-emphasized mapping by other so many” because “he always has made Rowley added that the continuance of that ‘No geologist is any damned good geology departments, the National Sci- every effort to honor or reward those these standards with the present staff until he reaches the age of well, how ence Foundation, and most other fund- who in almost any way have helped make it “the best undergraduate geol- old am I anyway?’ So I waited around ing agencies.” him with his mapping by awarding ogy department in the country.” hoping that wisdom of advancing years In summing up his feelings, Row- them a co- or junior authorship.” Pete’s admiration for the legendary would answer my questions about geol- ley added, “Geologic mapping nowa- Anderson related his reasons for Mackin at the University of Texas was ogy. They haven’t, but not long ago I days is changing rapidly. Exploring nominating him for the Dibblee Medal: clear from his statement that “the only learned the reason why from Ernie poorly known areas and pursuing min- “I do so because it seems to me, and certain genius I ever met and the con- Anderson’s observation, ‘Sometimes eral and energy resources are giving those other geologists who support his summate field geologist, brought me the more geology I see, the more con- way to surficial mapping in population nomination, that his record of geologic to a new level with his patience, fused I get.’ Combine the two philoso- centers to identify and mitigate hazards mapping deserves consideration for standards, and devotion to science.” phies and you have me—a graying field of many types, to evaluate foundation this high award. Numerically, this Mackin’s colleagues, Dan Barker, Bob geologist increasingly aware of what he conditions and urban mineral deposits record does not, and probably never Boyer, and Bill Muehlberger, comple- doesn’t know.” such as gravel, sand, stone, and other will, equal that of Tom Dibblee, but mented Mackin “in their high values, On a more philosophical note, construction materials, and to find then whose does or ever will? The extreme competence, and infinite Rowley went on to add, “Geologic and protect water supplies. Although broad range of the areas that Rowley patience with the likes of me.” As Pete mapping has always been difficult to purists may not like these changes, this has mapped as well as the quality of recounted, “All Hoover’s student sell to non-geologists and especially to general trend is for the best, and map- his maps, however, live up to Dibblee’s became field geologists, and most politicians, who nowadays control sci- ping will prove, even more than before, high standards. When his other publi- worked with the USGS. One of those ence. Even geologists increasingly fail its extreme relevance to the needs of cations are added to the list of his geo- former students, Paul Williams, hired to realize that geologic maps are basic society. Currently I am working in the logic maps, I believe that Rowley’s con- me to join him in reconnaissance map- to the proper evaluation of all mines, Las Vegas urban corridor, and surficial tributions to geologic mapping merit ping in Antarctica, of all the blind luck water and land resources, the sanitary and bedrock geologic maps are the comparison with Dibblee’s.” in the last large area of unexplored disposal of wastes, and the analysis of things most in demand by land-use In Rowley’s acceptance he was ranges left on Earth! Surely this was geologic hazards. Even basic geologic and developmental agencies, provided especially appreciative of John and one of the best jobs in the world, and data cannot be adequately appraised that these organizations are fully Linda Anderson, who nominated him I spent five field seasons at it.” without competently prepared geologic involved in planning and funding. for the award. He thanked his greatest Rowley’s work at the USGS has maps. Geologic maps thus are data But along the way, the USGS and the heroes and most loyal friends, his par- been a learning experience, he noted. bases for the country’s geologic frame- geologic profession cannot forget what ents, Art and Barbara; his son, Scott; his “In Denver, I was in the midst of great work, and only with the broad view made them important to the public, daughter, Jill; and his nephew, Chris. field geologists and I worked in joint that this framework provides can the namely cutting-edge science based on He highlighted the role educators projects with as many of them as I country quickly identify local environ- field work. To use a quote attributed to played in his successful career, starting could. These especially included Paul mental hazards and problems and suc- G. K. Gilbert, ‘There can be no applied with the emphasis placed on field stud- Williams, Tom Steven, Wally Hansen, cessfully find resources. They also lead science unless there is science to ies at Carleton College derived from its Ernie Anderson, and Lehi Hintze (last geology because of its firm base in field apply.’” ■ excellent professors, Duncan Stewart, year’s Dibblee Medal recipient), as well geology and mapping. Most of the Eiler Henrickson, and Larry Gould. as other stars in and outside the USGS. credit for this lead is owed to a dimin-

GSA TODAY, August 1995 159 Preliminary Announcement and Call for Papers fax 501-569-3271; E-mail: pkehler@ symposia are not affected by this ualr.edu. limitation. 13. Ronald K. DeFord Symposium on the Stratigraphy and Struc- FIELD TRIPS SOUTH-CENTRAL SECTION, GSA ture of Trans-Pecos Texas. Proposed premeeting and post- Donald F. Reasor, Dept. of Geology, meeting field trips are listed below. 30th Annual Meeting University of Texas, Arlington, Box For details about particular trips, con- 19049, Arlington, TX 76019-0049; tact the field trip leaders listed. For phone (817) 273-2987; Page Twiss, Austin, Texas general questions concerning field Dept. of Geology, Kansas State Univer- trips, contact Sharon Mosher, Field March 11–12, 1996 sity, Manhattan, KS 66506-3201; phone Trips Chair, Dept. of Geological Sci- (913) 532-6724; fax 913-532-5159; and ences, University of Texas, Austin, TX James Underwood, Kansas State Uni- 78712, (512) 471-4135, E-mail: versity. The Department of Geological Sciences at the University of Texas at Austin [email protected]. 14. Tertiary Tectonics of the will host the 30th Annual Meeting of the South-Central Section of the Geological South-Central Region. Randy Premeeting Society of America. The meeting will be held on campus, during spring break Marrett, Dept. of Geological Sciences, 1. Geology of the Eastern Llano week. Scientific sessions start at 8:00 a.m., Monday, March 11, and conclude at University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712; Uplift, Central Texas. (2 days) Lead- 5:00 p.m., Tuesday, March 12. phone (512) 471-4885; fax 512- ers: Sharon Mosher, Dept. of Geological 471-9425; E-mail: marrett@ Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, LOCATION Texas Bureau of Economic Geology, maestro.geo.utexas.edu. TX 78712; phone (512) 471-4135; fax Austin; phone (512) 471-1534; fax 512- 15. Unsaturated Zone Geology 512-471-9425; E-mail: mosher@maestro. Austin is located where the Col- 471-0140; E-mail: morton@ and Hydrology. Bridget Scanlon, geo.utexas.edu; Robert Roback, Univer- orado River cuts through the Balcones begv.beg.utexas.edu. Texas Bureau of Economic Geology, sity of Texas, Austin; Joe Reese, Idaho escarpment, formed by the normal 5. Fractured Aquifers and Austin; phone (512) 471-1534; fax State University; and Daniel Barker, fault system that marks the southeast- Petroleum Reservoirs. Steve 512-471-0140; E-mail: scanlonb@ University of Texas, Austin. ern edge of the Texas Hill Country. Laubach, Texas Bureau of Economic begv.beg.utexas.edu. 2. Late Cretaceous/Early Tertiary Austin, the 27th largest city in the Geology, Austin; phone (512) 471-1534; 16. Vertebrate Paleontology of Stratigraphy of Northeast Mex- nation, has a population of 490,000; fax 512-471-0140; E-mail: laubachs@ the South-Central Region. Ernie ico. (4 days) Leader: Kristian Soegaard, there are 816,000 in the metropolitan begv.beg.utexas.edu. Lundelius, Dept. of Geological Sciences, Dept. of Natural Sciences and Math, area. The region had the fastest grow- 6. Invertebrate Paleontology of University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712; University of Texas at Dallas, Richard- ing economy during the 1980s—expan- the South-Central Region. James phone (512) 471-6556; fax 512- son, TX 75083, phone (214) 883-2415; sion driven by growth of high-tech Sprinkle, Dept. of Geological Sciences, 471-9425; E-mail: ernie@maestro. E-mail: [email protected]; Katie industries. Thirty miles of urban hike- University of Texas, Austin; phone geo.utexas.edu; and Tim Rowe, Dept. Giles, New Mexico State University; and-bike trails wind their way through (512) 471-4264; fax 512-471-9425; of Geological Sciences, University of and Francisco Vega, Universidad more than 11,000 acres of park land. and Rena Bonem, Dept. of Geology, Texas, Austin, TX 78712; phone (512) Nacional Autónoma de México. Austin is known by many as the “live Baylor University, Waco, TX, 471-1725; fax 512-471-9425; E-mail: 3. Cretaceous Stratigraphy of the music capital of the world”; dozens of 76798-7354; phone (817) 755-2361; [email protected]. Austin Area. (1 day) Leaders: Brenda night spots line the nine-block stretch fax 817-755-2673; E-mail: bonemr@ 17. Quaternary Geology and Kirkland and Jay Banner, Dept. of of historic Sixth Street. baylor.edu. Paleoenvironments. Tom Gustavson, Geological Sciences, University of The city is located along Interstate 7. Karst Hydrogeology. Neven Texas Bureau of Economic Geology, Texas, Austin, TX 78712, phones (512) 35 about 200 miles south of Dallas and Kresic, Dept. of Geology, Texas Chris- Austin; phone (512) 471-1534; fax 471-5129 (Kirkland), or (512) 471-5016 80 miles north of San Antonio. The air- tian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129; 512-471-0140; E-mail: gustavsont@ (Banner); fax 512-471-9425; E-mail: port is only a 15-minute drive from phone (817) 921-7506. begv.beg.utexas.edu; and Steve Hall, [email protected]; campus. Dozens of hotels and numer- 8. Late Cretaceous–Early Tertiary Dept. of Geography, University of [email protected]. ous fine restaurants are readily accessi- Stratigraphy: K-T Boundary and Texas, Austin, TX 78712; phone (512) 4. Edwards Aquifer. Central Texas ble by car or taxi. A large food mall the Impact. Dick Buffler, University 471-5116. (1 day) Leader: John M. Sharp, Jr., Dept. and several restaurants within a 10–15 of Texas Institute for Geophysics, of Geological Sciences, University of minute walk from the site of the meet- Austin; phone (512) 471-6156; E-mail: POSTER SESSIONS Texas, Austin, TX 78712, phone (512) ing offer lunch. The average tempera- [email protected]. 471-3317; fax 512-471-9425; E-mail: ture in early March is 60°F, with a 20% Three half-day poster sessions are 9. Origin and Evolution of the [email protected]; and chance of a rain shower. planned. We encourage poster contri- Ouachita Embayment. Ian Dalziel, Nico Hauwert, Barton Springs/Edwards butions because they permit extended University of Texas Institute for Geo- Aquifer Underground Water Conserva- CALL FOR PAPERS discussion. Please indicate your prefer- physics, Austin; phone (512) 471-6156; tion District. ences for a poster session on the GSA Papers are invited for presentation E-mail: [email protected]. abstract form. Postmeeting at oral technical sessions, symposia, 10. Precambrian Evolution of the The Geology Division of the Coun- 5. Geology of Big Bend Park. and poster sessions. Papers dealing Southwestern Laurentian Conti- cil on Undergraduate Research will (3 days) Leaders: William R. with the geology of the South-Central nent. Calvin Barnes, Dept. of Geosci- sponsor a student poster session to Muehlberger and Pat Dickerson, Dept. region (Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, ences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, showcase senior theses and other of Geological Sciences, University of and surrounding areas) are especially TX 79409-1053; phone (806) 742-3102; undergraduate research projects. First Texas, Austin, TX 78712, phone (512) encouraged. Except for special presen- fax 806-742-0100; E-mail: gical@ttacs. authors must be undergraduate stu- 471-4885 (Muehlberger); fax 512- tations arranged by symposia organiz- ttu.edu; Sharon Mosher, Dept. of Geo- dents and are responsible for the bulk 471-9425; E-mail: [email protected]. ers, oral presentations will be limited logical Sciences, University of Texas, of the research, preparation of the utexas.edu (Dickerson). to 17 minutes, with 3 minutes for ques- Austin, TX 78712; phone (512) poster, and presentation of the results. 6. Sequence Stratigraphy of tions. Poster sessions will be set up for 471-4135; fax 512-471-9425; E-mail: More information will be published in North-Central Texas. (2 days) Lead- four hours, and authors will be avail- [email protected]; and the November 1995 issue of GSA Today. ers: Art Cleaves and Darwin Boardman, able for at least two hours to discuss Kent C. Nielson, Programs in Geo- Dept. of Geology, Oklahoma State Uni- their work. Abstracts volunteered but sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, ABSTRACTS versity, Stillwater, OK 74078, phone not included in a symposium will Richardson, TX 75083-0688; phone (405) 744-9246; fax 405-744-7841. be considered for regular technical (214) 883-2401; fax 214-883-2537. Abstracts deadline: sessions. 11. Principles and Practice of November 20, 1995 EARTH SCIENCE Hydrogeology. John M. Sharp, Jr., Symposia Abstracts for all sessions must be EDUCATION PROGRAMS Dept. of Geological Sciences, University 1. NAGT Symposium—Astrogeol- submitted camera-ready on official of Texas, Austin, TX 78712; phone If you would like to organize a ses- ogy and Education. R. E. Boyer, 1996 GSA abstract forms. These forms (512) 471-3317; fax 512-471-9425; sion or participate in National Associa- Dept. of Geological Sciences, University are available from the Abstracts Coordi- E-mail: [email protected]; tion of Geology Teachers (NAGT) activ- of Texas, Austin, TX 78712; phone nator, Geological Society of America, Alan R. Dutton, Texas Bureau of Eco- ities, please contact Robert E. Boyer, (512) 471-7228; fax 512-471-9425; P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301, nomic Geology, Austin; phone (512) Education Programs Chair, Dept. of E-mail: [email protected]. (303) 447-2020, or E-mail: ncarlson@ 471-1534; fax 512-471-0140; E-mail: Geological Sciences, University of 2. Carbonate Rocks and Diagene- geosociety.org. [email protected]; and Texas, Austin, TX 78712, phone (512) sis in the South-Central Region. Send an original and five copies Ridge Kaiser, Harden and Associates, 471-7228; E-mail: [email protected]. Brenda Kirkland-George, Dept. of of the abstract (volunteered or invited) Austin, Texas; phone (512) 345-2379; edu. Geological Sciences, University of to William F. Mullican, Bureau of Eco- fax 512-338-9372. Texas, Austin, TX 78712; phone (512) nomic Geology, University Station 12. Restructuring Geoscience PROJECTION EQUIPMENT 471-5129; fax 512-471-9425; E-mail: Box X, University of Texas, Austin, Education for the 21st Century. [email protected]. edu; TX 78712. We encourage participants All slides must be 2" × 2" and fit a Cosponsored by Midcontinent Section and Jay Banner, phone (512) 471-5016; in symposia to send an extra copy to standard 35 mm carousel tray. Please of National Association of Geology fax 512-471-9425; E-mail: banner@ the convener of the planned session. bring your own loaded carousel trays, Teachers and GSA South-Central Sec- maestro.geo.utexas.edu. Abstracts will be reviewed for informa- if possible. Two 35 mm slide projectors tion Geoscience Education Division. 3. Caribbean Tectonics. Larry tion content, format, and originality. and two screens will be available for Bob Pinker, Johnson County Commu- Lawver, University of Texas Institute GSA rules prohibit individuals from each oral technical session. Overhead nity College, phone (913) 469-3894); for Geophysics; phone (512) 471-6156; presenting more than one volunteered projectors will not be available. and Phil Kehler, Dept. of Earth Science, E-mail: [email protected]. abstract, although they can be co- University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR 4. Coastal Sedimentology and authors on additional volunteered 72204-1099; phone (501) 569-3545; Geomorphology. Robert A. Morton, abstracts. Abstracts submitted for South-Central continued on p. 161

160 GSA TODAY, August 1995 *Barbara B. Cheyney *Jane F. Denny *Christopher M. Fedo New GSA Members *Jonathan K. Child *Steven R. Dent *Thomas P. Feeney *Karen Chin Thomas G. DeRoo *John A. Feltman The following 1,098 Members were elected to membership by council action *Gregory P. Chludzinski *David L. Dettman Kelly L. Fenhaus *James S. Chow *Janet E. Dewey Mark F. Fennel during the period from September 1994 through April 1995 (* indicates transfer *Chris T. Christensen *Paul V. Dickfoss *Allen H. Fetter from Student Associate to Member.) *Catherine A. Christoffel *Julie J. Dieu *Lynne W. Fielding Amy B. Church Stephane Digonnet *Edward M. Fincke Gerard F. Aarons Dirk Baron *Nancy E. Bowers Jordi Cires *Bill S. Dinklage *Lisa R. Finiol Inge O. Aarseth *Robert C. Barr Phillip F. Brease *Michele Claps *David A. Dinter Robert J. Finley *Arvid Aase Ruth A. Barrett *William D. Briggs *Timothy L. Clarey *Joshua N. Distler *Sue A. Finstick *Timothy Abbe *Kari N. Bassett *Benjamin A. Brooks *Douglas H. Clark *Tina M. Dochat *Christopher D. Finton *Robert H. Abrams Herbert K. Bates *Yvette M. Broussal Kenneth P. Clark *Eron J. Dodak *Patricia J. Fleming *Christon M. Achong *Gerald W. Bawden *Katherine E. Brown *M. Brooks Clark *Kenneth J. Domanik Moritz M. Fliedner Celia M. Adams Anicet A. Beauvais *Leslie H. Brown Steven J. Clements *Jovita B. Dominic *Frederick A. Flint Mark G. Adams *Dennis J. Bebel *MaryAnne Brown John S. G. Clewett *William J. Domoracki Benjamin P. Flower *Daniel A. Akers *Bettie A. Bechtel *Keith A. Brunstad *William C. Clyde *Daniel Dorritie Peter F. Folger *Penny L. Alano *John H. Beck *Frank R. Brunton *Tobi H. Cohen Cornelius L. Downey Joseph M. Foronda *Katharine C. Albino *Richard A. Beck Debra S. Bryan *Mark R. Colberg *Debra L. Doyle Scott E. Foss *L. Barry Albright *Victoria M. Becker *Daniel L. Bryant *Annette R. Colgan *Michelle T. Drops *Kendall B. Fountain Bruce D. Allen *Deborah L. Beier George F. Bryant *Patrick M. Colgan *Carl N. Drummond *Robert S. Fousek *Joseph L. Allen Barbara A. Bekins *J. Daniel Bryant *DeNeice M. Collerain *Yue Du *Nicole Fraser *Jeffrey M. Amato *James L. Bela *Julia G. Bryce *Nancy E. Collins *Mark P. Dubois *Charles D. Frederick *Clifford P. Ambers *Susannah E. Belding *Brenda J. Buck William J. Collins Mihai N. Ducea *Henry C. Fricke *Leslie Ames *Ellin Beltz *Thomas F. Bullard *Kevin B. Colson *Genet I. Duke *Samual J. Friedmann Rachel A. Ames *Bryan E. Bemis *Maria E. Bundy *Ronald G. Colyer *Stan P. Dunagan Karl W. Frielinghausen *Alejandro E. Amigo *Karen G. Bemis Donald E. Burch *Christopher D. Connors Thomas C. Dunaway Ruth M. Fruland *Charles B. Andersen *Lisa M. Benner *Roland Burgmann Kurt N. Constenius *Christopher C. Duncan *Calvin J. Frye Brian D. Anderson *Steven W. Bennett *Kathleen Burnham *Paolo Conti *David S. Duncan Ronald Fuge *Brian G. Anderson *J. Bret Bennington *Bradford R. Burton *Sandra K. Cook Bruce Dunkle *Shannon K. Fulton-Bowers *Gregory J. Anderson *Sonja L. Benson Jennifer L. Butch *Michele L. Cooke *Richard K. Dunn Antonio Funedda Kai S. Anderson Sandra R. Benz *Ilya V. Buynevich Holly B. Cooper *Dolores G. Durant *Nicoletta Fusi *Suzanne P. Anderson *Amy C. Berger *Jinkui Cai Patricia A. Cooper *Soren B. Durr Lawrence J. Gaber *Ulf B. Andersson *Katherine J. Bergk *Anthony J. Caldanaro, Jr. *Michelle M. Corbin Tooba Durrani *Daniel G. Gall *William M. Andrews, Jr. *Bryan J. Bergmann *Phyllis A. Camilleri *David I. Cordero *Thomas R. Dwyer Stephen P. Garabedian Kalliopi Angelidaki *Sandra Bezenek *Dominic A. Cammarota James M. Coulter *Janet F. Dyson Michael O. Garcia *Ryo Anma *Budhendra Lal Bhaduri *David C. Campbell *Erich S. Cowgill *Sam Earman *Glenn W. Garneau *Lori E. Apodaca *Karen L. Bice *Kathleen A. Campbell *Juliet G. Crider *Carl W. Ebeling Mary L. Garner *James D. R. Applegate *Damon P. Bickerstaff *Steven K. Campbell *Michael S. Cronin Roger B. Edgecombe *Douglas E. Gay *Phillip A. Armstrong Paul Bigelow *Jesus E. Caracuel-Martin *Giovanni B. Crosta *Dwaine H. Edington *Carey A. Gazis *Eve M. Arnold *Thomas H. Biggs *Alice A. Cardenas *Kurt C. Cupp *Jeffery D. Edson *Donald J. Geddes, Jr. *Pranoti M. Asher Roger G. Bilham *Anne E. Carey Janet H. Curran Albert A. Eggers *Carl-Henry Geschwind Richard A. Ashmore *Frank D. Bilotti *Christopher P. Carlson *Brian S. Currie *Craig M. Ehde Thomas D. Gibbons *Soe Aung *David A. Bird *Danielle L. Carpenter *Lisel D. Currie *Peter Eichhubl Joris M. Gieskes *Jennifer M. Ayers *Peter Birkle *Kenneth Carpenter Patchin C. Curtis Jennifer L. Eigenbrode *Thomas E. Gill *Edward J. Bacig Martin Bizzarro Gerardo Carrasco *Janet A. Cushing *Roger F. Elconin *Carrie E. Gilliam *Pamela Seney Baginski James D. Black *Alejandro Carrillo *Timothy S. Dalbey Ronald C. Eng *Martha S. Gilmore *Rahul Bahadur Oliver F. Blein *Marco D. Carulli *Deborah A. Dale Robert D. English *Gary M. Gin *Christopher M. Bailey *Troy A. Blodgett *Tracey E. Cascadden *Gwen M. Daley Robert A. Enos Timothy R. Ginn David G. Bailey *Katherine W. Bock *Sebastien Castonguay *Patricia L. Daniel *Tarja M. Eskel *Ruben A. Giral *David J. Baird *Brian E. Bodenbender James M. Castro Albert D. Daniels *Richard M. Essex Wade G. Glandt Edward M. Baker *Andrew F. Boettcher *Donald P. Cederquist Kimberly S. Darrah *Rachel A. Eustice *Jonathan M. Glen *Elizabeth D. Baker *Stefan S. Boettcher *Alan K. Chamberlain Simon D. Davey *David A. Evans *Bosiljka Glumac Nancy A. Baker *Irene B. Boland *Yu-Chang Chan *Gregory L. Davis Timothy S. Evans Laurent Godin Robert M. Baker James R. Boles *Jitesh Chanchani James A. Davis *Paul M. Evins Bruce A. Goetz Amit Banerjee *Alison J. Bolton *Remi Charbonneau *John S. Davis *Timothy J. Fagan Barry S. Goldstein *Sanjay Banerjee *Mark Bordelon *Xiaobing Chen *Nancye H. Dawers *Peter D. Falk *Francisco G. Gomez *Laura A. Banfield *Gilles Borel Xun-Hong Chen James E. Day Raymond P. Fallon *Caitlin Gorman James E. Bannantine *Pamela F. Borne Yue-Gau Chen *Chris S. de Fontaine Benjamin R. Farrell *Matthew C. Goss *Donald C. Barber *Howell Bosbyshell Songlin Cheng *Pamela J. DeGroat *Remi N. Farvacque *David J. Barclay *Rita M. Bouchard *Chang S. Cheong *Jack E. Deibert Henry M. Fayard, Jr. New Members *Lisa K. Barlow Joanne Bourgeois *Lars C. Cherichetti *John A. Dembosky, Jr. *Mostafa Fayek continued on p. 162

South-Central continued from p. 160 be of interest to all science teachers and STUDENT PAPERS AND societies, preregistration will be $55 for many nongeologists. TRAVEL GRANTS professionals, $20 for students, and $15 A speaker ready room equipped with for K–12 teachers. On-site registration projectors will be available. Texas BBQ and Cash Bar Awards will be presented to the will be $5 more for professionals and A catered BBQ will be held in the best oral student paper and best stu- students. Registration will be held on EXHIBITS Lila B. Etter Alumni Center building dent poster at the meeting. Awards the campus of the University of Texas from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. on Monday, will be based on quality of research at Austin. Exhibit facilities for business, March 11. Tickets must be purchased and effectiveness of presentation. To Field trip participants must register educational, and governmental insti- in advance. A cash bar will be open be eligible, the abstract must list only for the meeting. tutions will be located in the Lila B. during the BBQ dinner. student authors who are members of GSA is committed to making every Etter Alumni Center building, about the South-Central Section as of event at the 1996 South-Central Sec- one-half block from the Department GUEST PROGRAMS January 1, 1996, and must be identified tion Meeting accessible to all people of Geological Sciences. On-site registra- clearly as a student paper. Limited interested in attending. If you have tion, many of the symposia, the poster No formal guest program has been funds for support of travel expenses special requirements, such as an inter- sessions, the welcoming party, and the arranged. The 350 acre main campus for students presenting a paper (oral preter or wheelchair accessibility, there Texas BBQ will be in this building. The of the University of Texas has numer- or poster) at the meeting are available will be space to indicate this on the space rental rate is $100 ($50 for non- ous cultural facilities, including the from the GSA South-Central Section. registration form, or you can call Mark profit organizations). Exhibitors are two Archer M. Huntington Art Gal- For information, contact meeting chair Cloos, (512) 471-4170. If possible, encouraged to be set up during the leries, the Lyndon B. Johnson Presiden- Mark Cloos. Travel-grant requests must please let us know by February 9. Sunday night welcome party and the tial Library and Museum, and the Texas be postmarked no later than Febru- Abstracts may be purchased with Monday night BBQ. Memorial Museum. All of these are a ary 16, 1996. your GSA membership or on-site in the short walk from the conference site. registration area. SPECIAL EVENTS The Texas Capitol Complex, Governor’s PREREGISTRATION Mansion, French Legation, Treaty Oak, OTHER INFORMATION Welcome Party George Washington Carver Museum, Preregistration deadline: Various corporate sponsors will Laguna Gloria Art Museum, O. Henry February 9, 1996. More detailed information con- host a welcome party on Sunday, Museum, Austin Children’s Museum, cerning fees and registration, hotel Preregistration by mail will be March 10, from 7 to 9 p.m. at the Austin Nature Center, Barton Springs accommodations, field trips, and other handled by the Geological Society of Lila B. Etter Alumni Center. Pool, Zilker Botanical Gardens, and activities will appear in the November America Meetings Department, P.O. the 10-mile Town Lake Greenbelt are 1995 issue of GSA Today and as part of SPECIAL LECTURE: Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140. all a short drive from campus. The the GSA South-Central Section “Viewing the Earth from the Registration forms will appear in the Austin Convention and Visitors Bureau Abstracts with Programs for 1996. Space Shuttle” November 1995 issue of GSA Today. and the Historic Landmark Commis- Questions and suggestions should be W. R. Muehlberger, University of Please take advantage of the lower sion sponsor a two-hour walking tour referred to the general meeting chair, Texas, Austin, will present this one- registration fees and register by of downtown Austin. A guidebook for Mark Cloos, Dept. of Geological Sci- hour slide-filled lecture at 5 p.m. Mon- February 9. Preregistration fees will a geologic walking tour of downtown ences, University of Texas, Austin, TX day, March 11. Muehlberger was the be $50 for professional GSA members Austin is also available. The Sixth 78712; phone (512) 471-4170; fax 512- Chief Geologist for the Apollo 17 lunar or members of associated societies par- Street entertainment district offers 471-9425; E-mail: [email protected]. landing and has taught geology to all ticipating in this meeting, and $15 for a great variety of live music and utexas.edu. ■ space shuttle astronauts. This lecture is GSA student members. For those not restaurants. open to the general public and should affiliated with GSA or the associated

GSA TODAY, August 1995 161 New Members *Lewis E. Hunter *David S. Lewis *Shirley A. Morikawa *Dale L. Ridge *Jeffrey A. Snyder continued from p. 161 *Janet V. Hurley Jiang Li Paul J. Morin *Rosanna Ridings *Ed R. Sobel Kenneth J. Hurst *Li Li *George A. Morris *Peter E. Riemersma *Josef A. Sobieraj David Gottfried *Mark T. Hutchison *Olav B. Lian Scott E. Morrison Colleen M. Riley *Linda E. Sohl *Cathy A. Grace *Frederick E. Hutson *Johan Liebens *Lisa S. Morrow John A. Riley *Josep M. Soler James E. Graham Rebecca L. Hylland *Alyson Lighthart *Lee H. Morse *Ulrich P. Riller *Lillian Soto-Cordero *Stephen E. Grasby *Jonathan P. Icenhower Tsung-Yi Lin *P. Graham Mortyn *Bianca Rimoldi *Giacomo Spadini *David C. Greene *Linda C. Ivany *Jennifer Lindline *David E. Mostoller *Bethany D. Rinard *Robert P. Speijer *William S. Greenwood *Andrew H. Ivester *Andrea Lini Maria C. Moya *Richard M. Risek Cyronose D. Spicer, Sr. *Joe D. Gregson *Joanne Jackson *Jonathan K. Linn *Wolfgang Mueller *Bradley D. Ritts *Abraham E. Springer Gregory Griffin *Peter M. Jacobs Richard F. Livaccari Biswajit Mukhopadhyay *Sergio A. Rivera Tisha C. Springer *Peter G. Griffiths Elizabeth Jacobson *Stephen A. Lohse *Malay Mukul *Anthony M. Rizzuti Robert F. Stallard *Lori Juergens Gross Roger L. Jacobson *William T. Long *Maureen A. Muldoon Keith E. Roberson *John-Mark G. Staude *Matthew J. Grove Paul C. Jahn *Caroline LoVetere *Barbara J. Munn *George B. Roberts *William L. Stefanov Kristelle R. Groves *Jacek Jaminski John S. Lowther Mercedes A. Murillo *Sheila M. Roberts *Michael Steinmann Lyn M. Gualtieri *Hyung R. Jo *Francesca Lozar *John E. Murnane Richard E. Robertson *Libby A. Stern *Jose Dioscoro Guardiario *Gary G. Johannson Li Ma *Paul C. Murphey *Dawn M. Robinson *Sharon M. Stern Charles W. Gulick *Annika K. Johansson *David F. MacConnell Ellyn M. Murphy Douglas Robinson Ellen M. Stevens *Paula A. Gural *Suku J. John *Tyler MacCready *Allen B. Murray *Ruth A. Robinson *John P. Stimac *Larry E. Gustafson *Mary K. Johns A. James Macdonald Gregory T. Murray Jose A. Rodriguez *Jonathan D. Stock Gabriel Gutierrez-Alonso *Jenda A. Johnson Steven D. Machemer *Valerie M. Murray *Lois J. Roe *Eric C. Straffin *David M. Haasl *Thomas M. Johnson *Steve E. Macias *Elizabeth A. Nagy *Steven Roof *William H. Straight Rita Haberlin *Dennis H. Johnston *Mary E. MacKay *Gregory D. Nash *Gregory T. Roselle David V. Strand *David B. Hacker *J. Amanda Jones *Mary Ann Madej Boris A. Natalin *Elizabeth Rosenberg *Martin J. Streck *James W. Hagadorn *Lawrence S. Jones *Todd D. Maguire *Jon L. Nauert *Nan A. Rosenbloom *Uwe Strecker *Ann M. Hagni *Andrew B. Judd *Ravidya N. Maharaj Philip H. Nelson *Malcolm I. Ross *Corey B. Stricker *Katharine K. Hakala *Steven D. Kadel *Susan V. Maharaj *Hans C. Neve *Timothy M. Ross *Arjen P. Stroeven *Larry M. Hakes *Linda C. Kah Keith I. Mahon *Virginia Anne Newbern Tina Roth Edward A. Sudicky Gregg A. Hakkila *Leslie M. Kahn *James B. Mahoney *Egide Nizeyimana *Harold D. Rowe *Michael P. Suess *Jeffrey R. Hale *Sharon L. Kanfoush Otis C. Malcom III *Paula J. Noble *Jeffrey N. Rubin *Marilyn W. Sullivan *Brenda L. Hall *Michael R. Kaplan *David J. Mallinson *Tatsuya Nojima *Roland M. Rueber *Rebecca J. Suman *Donald L. Hall *Jonathan D. Karr *Natalia Malyk-Selivanova Scott W. Norcross *Peter E. Rumelhart *Aviva J. Sussman *Douglas B. Hall *Nancy L. Katyl *Manish A. Mamtani Maura S. O’Brien *Garry L. Running IV *Brian J. Swanson Robert B. Halley Farro Kaveh *Thomas M. Marchitto Sakae O’Hara Michael S. Ruth *Donald S. Sweetkind *Nelson R. Ham Darryn T. Kaymen *Jonathan A. Marcus Michael J. O’Neill *Sandra L. Rutherford *Sondra L. Swenson Lisa B. Hampton *Susan T. Keddie Douglas C. Marcy Claire O. Obordo *Woo H. Ryang *Christopher S. Swezey *John M. Hanchar John B. Keene *Vanadis M. Mares *Eric A. Oches Michel Saint Blanquat *Michael P. Sykes Bruce A. Handel *Randall A. Keller Lise D. Maring *David W. Oldham *David B. Saja *Naoko Tachibana *Michael J. Handke *Michael S. Kelley *Michelle J. Markley *Carol J. Ormand *Adel M. Saleh *Gary E. Tackman David A. Handwerger *Joseph C. Kelly *John C. Mars Christian D. Osgood *Isabel Sanchez *Emi Tamada *Robyn E. Hannigan *Rachel M. Kelsey *Francisca C. Martinez-Ruiz Soichi Osozawa *Apostolos E. Sarris John A. Tarduno *Andrew D. Hanson *Tom K. Kelty *Daniel R. Martinioni *Ewa A. Ossowska Hiroshi Sato *Gabor Tari Kirt L. Hanson Martin J. Kennedy *Barbara M. Martiny *Gregory J. Overtoom *Dorothy A. Satterfield *Ann M. Tattersall *John P. Hanzas, Jr. Sean G. Kennedy *Diane Loftus Mas *Pamela R. Owen *Bonnie L. Saubert *David A. Taylor *Alexandre G. Haralampiev Annie Kersting Russlyn A. Mason *Felix R. Oyarzabal *Peter E. Sauer *Elizabeth K. Taylor Norman E. Hardy *Md. Khalequzzaman *Christina G. Massell *Dorothy K. Pak David M. Sayre *James Z. Taylor *Mustafa M. M. Hariri *Nicholas B. Kidd Maria Mastalerz *William C. Parcell *Mary Jo Schabel *Friedrich Teichmann *Daniel E. Harlov *Diann S. Kiesel John P. Masterson *Beth L. Parker *Frauke Schafer *Jeffrey H. Templeton *Richard W. Harper *Todd R. Kincaid Kristina Kirkyla Masterson *Brian S. Parsons A. L. Schafer-Perini Uri S. ten Brink *John P. Harris *Penelope L. King *Giuseppina Mattietti-Kysar *Alex L. Pataray *Stephen A. Schellenberg *Frank J. Tepley III *Michael S. Harris *Eric Kirby Friedrich Mauthe *Lina C. Patino Robert A. Schincariol *Jane L. Teranes Sara E. Hartness *Gerd Kirchner *Kyle R. Mayborn *Regan L. Patton *Eric W. Schinsing *David A. Terry *Erik W. Harvey *Paul D. Kirk *Helmut Mayer Gene J. Paull *MaryAnn B. Schlegel *Dennis O. Terry, Jr. *Forrest E. Harvey Michael D. Kitko *Jason D. Mayfield *Bruce D. Pauly *Bennetta L. Schmidt *William E. Theodore *Judith K. Haschenburger Shoichi Kiyokawa Joseph P. McBride Neil A. Pearce *Keegan L. Schmidt Robert D. Theriault Carl T. Haselman James E. Klemaszewski *Carey L. McCaffree Nicholas J. Pearce *David A. Schneider *Donald M. Thieme *George M. Hathaway John P. Kmiec *Tom E. McCandless *John A. Peck Jay A. Schneider *Paul A. Thomas *Michael Hauck *Robert B. Knowles Katherine McCarville *Joel L. Pederson *Kenneth M. Schopf *Robert C. Thomas *Kay C. Havenor *Stephen C. Knowles *Richard G. McClean *Jane N. Pedrick *Ronald C. Schott *Kay D. Thompson *James E. Hay *Kevin W. Koepenick *Vicki S. McConnell *Alyssa M. *Madeline E. Schreiber Stephen D. Thorne Henry P. Heasler *Doris J. Kovanen Clifford R. McCrary III Peleo-Alampay Dottie Schroder *William H. Thornton *Christopher A. Hedlund *Marianne Kozuch Patricia A. McCrory *Waldo A. Perez *Kathleen J. Schuh Donald C. Thorstenson Ernst Hegner *Cynthia L. Kramer *Jason T. McCuistion William T. Perkins *Scott D. Schulhof *Anahita A. Tikku *Cherylyn E. Heikoop *Haralambos D. Kranis *David W. McDonald *James J. Peterson *Mark F. Schult *Basil Tikoff *Lisa A. Heizer *Marilyn D. *Susan K. McDonald *Preston L. Phillips, Jr. *Mitchell D. Schulte *Martin J. Timmerman Matthew T. Heizler Kressel-Wegweiser *Barbara A. McGavern *Randy S. Phillips *Michael Schulz *Kenneth J. Tobin *Patricia E. Helland *Joseph R. Krieg *Patrick J. McGovern, Jr. *William M. Phillips Brandon E. Schwab *Robert L. Tolliver *Catherine M. Helm *Tim J. Kroeger *Joe R. McHam *James C. Pickens *Albrecht J. Schwalm *Paul B. Tomascak *Frances A. Herlity Roy C. Kroll Roberta McIntyre *Scott H. Pike *Reed A. Schwimmer *David J. Topping *Julie D. Herman Joel Kronfeld David S. McKay *Mary E. Pirkl C. Michael Scullin Thomas Torgersen *Stephen W. Herman Harold W. Krueger *Thomas E. McKenna *Robert K. Podgorney *Dogan Seber *Raymond Torres *Eileen A. Herrstrom Joseph M. Kruger *Rose McKenney Colin D. Poellot Jonathan B. Seckinger *Mary K. Tozer Francisco Hervé Karla E. Kuebler *Brett T. McLaurin *Franck Poitrasson *Mark S. Servilla *Carol J. Treadwell *Niko Herzog *Gerald J. Kuecher R. Dennis McLerran Barry M. Pollack David K. Sessoms Matthew Tremblay *Eric Hiatt *Stephen C. Kuehn *Lisa C. McNeill Michael M. Pollock *Michael J. Seybold *MerriLisa Trigilio *Barry J. Hibbs Jeffrey A. Kuhn *Brendan A. McNulty Stephen M. Pompea *Abbas Seyedolali Jeffrey M. Trop *Christi A. Hill Peter A. Kukla *Melanie L. McQuinn *Michael C. Pope *Saxon E. Sharpe *Charles H. Trupe III *Ginger H. Hinchman *Thomas R. Kulp *Christopher A. McRoberts Donald R. Porcelli *Susan Calder Shaw *Dale M. Tshudy John E. Hiner *Takashi Kumamoto *Douglas E. McVey *Donna Ann Porter *Amy Sheldon *Annette B. Tucker *Marc J. Hinton James S. Kwasny James D. Means *Andre Potochnik *Michael K. Shepard *Slawomir M. Tulaczyk *Nei-Che Ho *Ohmyoung Kwon *Edmund W. Medley *Lee S. Potter Judith M. Sheridan *Elizabeth C. Turner Charles E. Hoelzer *Jean Y. Labbee Andrew L. Mehlhop George E. Prater *Anne G. Sherman Mark D. Uhen *Steven M. Hoffman *Sylvain Lacroix *Lucy Chambers Meigs *Shari J. Preece Alan M. Shiller *Ruben D. Uribe *Phillip J. Hogan *Katherine M. Laddish *Erik B. Melchiorre *Henry S. Prellwitz *Stephanie Shipp Ricardo A. Valls *Diana J. Holford *Douglas W. LaFarge *Ricardo N. Melchor *David E. Price James T. Shiroma *Pablo Valverde *Kimberly S. Holland *Peter C. LaFemina Avila G. Mendoza Linda F. Prosperie *Shahe Shnorhokian David R. Van Alstine *JoAnn M. Holloway *I. Marianne Lagerklint Robert S. Merkel William A. Prothero *Tom Shoberg *Marcus R. Van Baalen *Ann E. Holmes Michelle N. Lamberson *Cheryl L. Metz *Aurora Pun *Christine M. Shriner *Peter K. Van De Water Joe H. Honea Michael W. Lambert *Ronald A. Metzger *Mazhar Qayyum Jennifer L. Shriver *Pieter A. Van Der Beek Emilie E. Hooft *Lewis A. Land *M. Ellen S. Meurer *Michael J. Quinn Robert S. Shuris *Sytze van Heteren *Donald M. Hooper Leonard J. Lane *Tom Meuzelaar Meinert K. Rahn *Robert N. Sickler Peter Van Valkenburg *Karin A. Hoover *Andreas Lang Karen D. Meyers *Jahandar Ramezani Namin *Robert R. Sickler *Henrita H. *Thomas S. Hooyer Holly Langrock *Richard A. Meyers Bryant R. Ramirez *Andrew A. Sicree Van Wyngaarden Emily E. Hopkins *Daniel Larsen Barbara L. Mieras *Frank C. Ramos *Roger G. Sigler *Mark R. Varney *James F. Hopper Patrick L. Larsen *Mark J. Mihalasky Larry B. Randall *William J. Sims *Roderick W. Vasek *Bryce W. Hoppie *Phillip C. Larson Mitchell G. Mihalynuk *Eugene C. Rankey Naomi J. Sinor *Laura M. Vaugeois *R. Forrest Hopson *Debra S. Laudermilch *Horng-Sheng Mii Mohammad I. Rasool Fernando P. Siringan Wendre R. Vaughan *Edward R. Hornibrook *Laura M. Lawson William J. Mikalik *Kent Ratajeski *Chris Sladek Adam Vecsei *Robert R. Horning Gary A. Leaf *Elizabeth J. Miksa John P. Rau *William Slattery Francisco J. Vega *Brian K. Horton Michael J. Leary *Adele Militello Leigh A. Readdy David L. Slayter *George Veni *Patrick R. Houle *Hermann Lebit *David W. Millen *Carolyn R. Rebbert *Michael P. Sleeman *Tomaz J. Verbic *P. Kyle House *Scott A. Lecce *Carol Linn Miller *Robert R. Rector *Suzanne M. Smaglik *Jan M. Vermilye *Bernard A. Housen *Michael A. LeClair *Donald D. Miller Patricia L. Reed *Kathy Fraracci Smart *Kirk R. Vincent Steven A. Hovan Maria C. Ledesma *Nathaniel R. Miller *Robert M. Reed *Kevin J. Smart *Ronald Voelkel *Blythe L. Hoyle *Kyung-Ho Lee Thomas E. Miller Timothy A. Reed *Mark G. Smelser *James J. Vogl *Jean C. Hsieh *Steven E. Lee *Gwendolyn C. Miner *Peter W. Reiners *Chad A. Smith *David H. Voorhees Ethan C. Hudson *Young-Joon Lee *David R. Minor *Ella Reinhard *Christine H. Smith Eric T. Vosburgh *Richard O. Hughes III *Mary L. Leech Roberto S. Molina-Garza Mary Ann Reinhart *Debra L. C. Smith H. Niklaus Waber *Simon R. Hughes *Joseph F. Leising *Lea B. Monaghan *David W. Reinhold Jennifer S. Smith Femke A. Wallien *Christina L. Hulbe *Edward F. Lener *Connie L. Mongold Ted R. Repaksy *Julia K. Smith Michael D. Waltz Marc F. Hult John C. Lennon *Douglas E. Monrad *Phillip G. Resor *Leslie Turrini Smith Alain Wang *Lynn Hultgrien Timothy D. Lentz *Camilo Montes Rene S. Revuelta-Lopez *Loren H. Smith *Saiwei Wang *Michael L. Hulver *Stephen A. Leslie *Laura J. Moore Patrick H. Reynolds *Scott D. Smith Yutian Wang *Munir Humayun *Janet A. Leventhal *Nancy C. Moore *Robert W. Reynolds *Scott G. Smith *Christopher C. Humphrey *Daniel R. Levish *Jean E. Moran Armando T. Ricci, Jr. *Susan E. Smith New Members *Dominik Hungerbuhler *Richard H. Levy *Sven S. Morgan Alexis Richardson *Hilde Snoeckx continued on p. 163

162 GSA TODAY, August 1995 New Members *Richard J. Weiland Thomas M. Whitworth *Kathleen Williamson Sandra Wyld *George H. Yu continued from p. 162 *Steven P. Welter *Thomas I. Wilch *Max T. Wills *Ida J. Wylie *Roberta H. Yuhas *Andrea M. West White *Peter D. Wilf *Stewart Wills *Margaret M. Yacobucci *J. Douglas Yule Larry G. Ward *Kelly A. West *Kurt M. Wilkie *Eric Wilson Leslie Yale *Judith A. Zachariasen *Jon H. Warner *Thomas E. West *Rick T. Wilkin *Gary S. Wilson Satoshi Yamakita *Marc D. Zamkotowicz *Andrew C. Warnock *Laura Reiser Wetzel *Clark E. Wilkinson *Pamela A. Winsky *R. Aileen Yingst Ronghua Zhang *Robert B. Watts Christopher W. Wheeler *Christopher P. Williams *Robert K. Witbaard Fumio Yoshida *Yang Zhang *Tamie R. Weaver Jill A. Wheeler *Curtis J. Williams *Russell R. Wolff *Amgad I. Younes *Youcheng Zhang Dennis D. Weber William A. White *David A. Williams *David J. Wood *Robert S. Young *Barbara J. Ziegler *MaryBeth Wegner *Jennifer A. Whitebread Paul D. Williams *Patricia A. Wood Scott S. Young Ronald P. Zurawski ■ Wes C. Wehr *Julia L. Whitelaw *Steven K. Williams Carla R. Woodworth *Michaela N. *Anne I. Weil *Carla M. Whittington *Wendi J. W. Williams *Gregory L. Wortman Young-Mitchell

Lincoln S. Hollister Ken C. Macdonald B. Charlotte Schreiber New GSA Fellows Timothy B. Holst Helaine Walsh Markewich Laura F. Serpa Brenda Houser David M. Miller Patricia Ann Sheahan The following 108 Members were advanced to Fellowship during the months James Clyde Hower James A. Miller Barbara L. Sherriff of March 1995 and May 1995. William J. Iams Alan V. Morgan Russell G. Slayback Lubomir F. Jansa Michael J. Neilson Walter S. Snyder John B. Anderson Robert G. Corbett Alexander S. Glover H. Paul Johnson James Nicholls Holly J. Stein Mary J. Baedecker Richard Corfield Enrique Gomez de la Rosa Wolfgang Kalkreuth David A. Okaya Dorothy LaLonde Stout Richard C. Berg Ben B. Curry Jonathan H. Goodwin Richard A. Kerr Donnie Franklin Parker, Jr. Mavis Z. Stout Bruce A. Blackerby Peter P. David James A. Grant Myrna M. Killey Wayne A. Pettyjohn Anthony J. Tankard Bonnie A. Blackwell Fletcher G. Driscoll Richard I. Grauch Michael M. Kimberley Hans Olaf Pfannkuch Mitsunobu Tatsumoto Robert W. Blair, Jr. Robert M. Easton Stephen A. Hall Simon L. Klemperer Walter C. Pitman III Ren A. Thompson Theodore J. Bornhorst Stewart Eldridge William C. Haneberg Roy Kligfield Garry M. Quinlan Eileen Van der Flier-Keller Dennis Burke Edward E. Erb, Jr. Ardith K. Hansel Kenneth E. Kolm L. Bruce Railsback Cees R. van Staal Cathy J. Busby Philippe Erdmer Tekla A. Harms Randolph Allan Koski Jeffrey C. Reid Bruce R. Wardlaw Robert M. Bustin J. Mark Erickson Mark T. Harris Robert A. Larson Edward M. Ripley Robert H. Washburn Philip A. Candela Robert J. Finley Michael D. Harvey P. Patrick Leahy James B. Risatti Stephen W. Wheatcraft Marjorie A. Chan Leon R. Follmer Syed E. Hasan David J. Leveson Delfino C. Ruvalcaba Stanley N. Williams Sankar Chatterjee Lawrence W. Funkhouser Richard T. Haworth Alvis L. Lisenbee David A. Sawyer Wendell E. Wilson Edward H. Chown John F. Gartner James W. Head III William W. Locke Charles K. Scharnberger Gary R. Winkler James Channing Cole Gary H. Girty Gregory S. Holden Sydney B. Lumbers Walter Schmidt William W. Woessner ■

Amelia L. Guianen Andrew L. Kozlowski Steven J. Memberg New GSA Student Associates Todd M. Gunsher Scott F. Kreitz Kristen M. Menking Saibal Gupta Jeffrey M. Krempasky Yann Merrand The following 591 Student Associates became affiliated with the Society dur- Christopher K. Gutmann Robin E. Kromm Paula Messina ing the period from September 1994 through April 1995. Betty W. Hadden Bruce A. Krug Greg C. Meszaros Richard M. Halket Jennifer M. Kuehn Thomas H. Meyer Rolf E. Aalto Carsten Bruan Therese C. Dowdy Diana P. Hallman Andrika J. Kuhle Jeffrey K. Miller Adrian G. Abraham Michelle L. Bruce Matthew T. Drake K. Jill Hammond Aaron J. Kullman Scott R. Miller Jared D. Abraham Kevin A. Bryan Vicki G. Drake Jennifer S. Hango Jacob A. Kunz Sarah T. Mills Steven M. Ager Kristine M. Bryan Phyllis E. Duke David L. Hanson Kim Kutawski Carrie D. Mitchell Ali Ahmadi Gregory A. Buchanan Ken S. Eden Lori M. Hanson Dwight D. Lamb Scott V. Mize Jinho Ahn Daniel J. Buckley James M. Eidem Michael R. Harren Gary M. Lambert Michael E. Moeller Abdul R. Al-Bastaki Nancy Buening Chris L. Eisinger Mary T. Hartman Renee D. Lamoreaux Stephen J. Mojzsis John V. Alcott John M. Buffington Jonathan B. Ellingson Brian J. Haug Michelle M. Lange Glenn Monahan Carmen M. Alex Nicholas A. Bulloss Brian D. Elliston Carrie D. Hawkins Natalie Y. Langley Eugene R. Monette, Jr. Gary S. Alkire Duncan D. Burford Donna M. Emsley Darrell W. Hawley Charity C. Larson Patricia O. Moore Kenneth C. Ames William M. Burns Erme Enriquez Cynthia L. Hayek Daniel J. Larson Melaine Moreno Mitchell W. Anderson Gil S. Butler Brian R. Erickson Nicholas W. Hayman Michelle S. Larson Diana E. Morgan Savona L. Anderson R. Scott Calhoun Matthew J. Erickson Michael J. Heaney Claudio Latorre Judith J. Morlan Vivian M. Anderson Elizabeth M. Campbell Jennifer R. Erxleben Sandra Hebert Christopher Laughton Christopher Morton Karen L. Andrachick Lisa M. Campbell Christy L. Everitt Lynn M. Hefty Joanna L. Law Robert A. Mullane Chilyere N. Anglin Denny L. Capps Babu Evssk Christopher D. Hemingway Sean P. Leathem Brook R. Mullens William K. Annable Richard K. Carey Leigh M. Fall Scott J. Hemingway Brad D. Lee Steppen Murphy Ryoyu Arai Debra L. Carlo Roberta Farrage Wayne G. Henderson Cin-Ty A. Lee Sandi J. Nash Darrin B. Arthur Jennifer Carr Vera A. Fernandes Thorston W. Henrich Jongman Lee Wendy E. Naugler Suzanne Astle Maureen Carroll Carlos E. Ferro Michael J. Hewitt Martha L. Lee Greg A. Neal Patricia I. Autrey Steve Carroll Patricio Figeredo Karen S. Hicks Andrea Lefever Peter L. Nester Sara E. Baetens Karen K. Cecil Tanja M. Fitzgerald Katrina M. Higgins Lisa M. Leffler Robyn L. Newell Stephanie M. Bain Sheri L. Chadwick Julie A. Fitzke Pennilyn Higgins Kathleen J. Lemke James T. Newman Edward Bakewell Frederick I. Chandler Sheryl A. Fontaine Sean M. Higgins Connie M. Lenhart Robert D. Newman Janet A. Bakker Clinton B. Chase Brian M. Forest Jeffrey R. Hightower Cosmos Lettich Pat H. Nieland Paul E. Baldauf Yang Chen Robert E. Forsberg Margaret M. Hiza Mary R. Levak-Cohen Martin N. Nnaji Neil R. Banerjee Leonard H. Childs III Cherly A. Foster-Curley Joanna M. Hobson Kris A. LeVier Marjorie C. Northrop Jesse B. Banks Ann M. Christensen David Francis David L. Hoffman Michael T. Lewchuk Michael E. O’Connell Marcy R. Barbour William T. Christner, Jr. Tracy D. Frank James F. Hogan Wen-Hao Li Yuet-Ling O’Connor Michael K. Barnes Cindy J. Clapp Jessica L. Fridrich Brook L. Holcombe Viktoras A. Liogys Diane D. O’Connor Michelle J. Barnes Erik M. Clapp Diane S. Friend Steven M. Holdaway Xinlan Liu Michael L. O’Neal Michael S. Barondeau Andrew J. Clark Robert Frodeman Joshua W. Holloman Brian D. Locke Brendon S. O’Reilly Philip J. Bart Jenifer D. Clark Christy D. Fuksa Chris E. Holmden Darline Lott Lori A. Oakes-Coyne Michele L. Bartlett Vickie A. Clark Christian P. Gage Kimberly A. Hoy Valerie R. Lovan Takshi Okunishi Chase M. Barton Leon J. Clarke Robert R. Gaines Trent D. Hubbard Michael W. Lowrey David E. Orr David L. Bates Elizabeth R. Clay Jacqueline Gallagher Gordon S. Hull Feng Hu Lu Shelly A. Orth Kirby W. Bean Timothy N. Clemmer Gary M. Galloway Jill D. Hunter James J. Luepke Keith M. Ortman Mary A. Beck Troy W. Clinton Shannon S. Garcia Michele L. Huppert David C. Lund Terrence A. Osier William J. Beck Angie F. Coates Brenda J. Gasch Kristin T. Huysken Wei Luo Jeanette L. Ostergaard William C. Beckman M. Ford Cochran Jon P. Gassaway Hector Ibarra Michael P. Mackey Jozsef Palfy Brandon D. Beierle Brian P. Coffey Adrienne Gaughan Emily L. Inkpen Leah C. MacNeill Christopher L. Palmer Anne A. Bell Michael T. Coffey Sarah Gelsanliter Jennifer L. Jacob Barbara J. Mahler Amy E. Parker Noel P. Bell Edward A. Colangelo Richard E. Gerber Jack J. Jansons Sladjana Maksimovic Scott M. Parrish Andrei Belopolsky Dana Cole Christopher N. Gerteisen D. Erik Janzen Scott A. Malcolm Mitchell L. Parsons Lori Bennett Skye W. Cooley Sivajini Gilchrist Carlos Jaramillo John T. Malone Michael R. Paul Boyd E. Benson Kerri H. Cope Carol Gland Ben C. Jastram Khushwant S. Mander Samuel T. Peavy David A. Benson Martin A. Cortes Julie L. Gloss Christopher M. Jengo Sten J. Mander Jason M. Pelton Kenneth D. Bergenham Christopher M. Crescini Victoria G. Goetcheus Aron D. Johnson Michael E. Mann Sarah C. Penniston-Dorland David R. Berger Lisa K. Crowder David W. Goldsmith Beth L. Johnson Joseph R. Marcoline Shanan E. Peters Michael Berger Karen N. Csonka Matthew J. Grabowsky Christopher M. Johnston Melissa L. Markell Dawn M. Peterson-Arnold Laurie Berkowitz Allison I. Cubbage George W. Grader Christopher L. Jones Donald H. Marshall III Michael S. Petronis Janet L. Bertog Paolo Custodi Frank M. Graham Steven J. Jusczuk Jennifer P. Martin Thomas W. Pettit Deborah Beryfeld Terri A. D’Elia Richard F. Graham Julius H. Kahn Steve L. Martinelli David A. Philips Mairi M. Best Joshua E. Dalton Howard L. Grahn Ayako Kameda Peter Martus John S. Phipps Chuanxue Bi Kevin M. Danley Karen A. Grant Jeong-Won Kang Marek Matyasik Megan C. Pickering Karel A. Bielstein James T. Davenport Kory G. Grant Helena Karam Jean A. May-Brett Gary W. Pierson William R. Birge Thomas C. Davenport Neal C. Grasso Susan Katz Sarah E. McCall Forest M. Platt Ryan K. Bixby Stacey B. Davis Shannon L. Greenan Yvonne A. Katzenstein Daniel T. McCoy Olaf G. Podlaha Glenn Bixler Steven A. Deanda Arthur M. Greene Rendy Keaten Brian P. McFarland John H. Poehler Kathleen M. Blum William B. Deobald Mary K. Greene Clay R. Kelleher Katherine E. McGee Pratigua J. Polissar Joseph J. Bouchard Brian D. Desmarais Todd J. Greene Jacob Kelly Kim M. McIntosh Robert H. Pope Thomas G. Boyd Elisa E. Detels William J. Greenwood Oliver K. Kenen Keith A. McKain Christine D. Poschadel John H. Bradford Frank J. DiGnazio Nichole J. Gremillion Charles R. Kerton Kevin D. McKnight Thomas J. Powers Christian A. Braudrick B. Christopher Dimeo Russell C. Griebel Michael W. Kerwin Sean G. McManus Panjai Prapaipong Dianne L. Brien Mia L. Dittmer Laura L. Griffith Jonathan T. King Matthew C. McMillan Stephen F. Price Derek L. Brooks Stewart A. Dixon Daniel R. Griffiths Larry A. Kirkpatrick Timothy A. Meckel Mason A. Pritchett Tom D. Brooks Christian M. Dodd Christopher J. Grimes Cynthia E. Kissler Christina P. Medlyn Alexander A. Proussevitch Lucinda A. Brothers Jennifer A. Domask William S. Grimes Deborah A. Kliza Lamar Melder Mikael S. Brown Hailiang Dong Eric E. Grossman Catherine Koehler-Cote Erwin A. Melis New Students Nathan R. Brown Melissa A. Doro Monica M. Gruber Michael S. Kovach Brenda A. Melius continued on p. 164

GSA TODAY, August 1995 163 New Students Pete Roffers Michelle M. Sirota Stephen F. Tillinghast Lisa A. Verts Jennifer Whittaker continued from p. 163 Kelly K. Rose Donald R. Sjogren Thomas E. Titus Stefanie L. Vieths Mikell M. Wick Nancy A. Rothanburg Derek J. Sjostrom Ellen D. Tobey Peter A. Vincent George J. Wiegman Michael A. Puglisi Jon K. Roudebush Eric E. Small Shawn J. Tollin Mark Vinciguerra Beth A. Wilson Patrick S. Rabideau Joyanto Routh Edward J. Smith Radka Topilova Kurt M. Vollbrecht William Wineland, Jr. Lynn T. Rademacher Elizabeth Rudolph Linda V. Smith Tomas Torres Edward R. Wagner Cornelius V. Wingerden Jacob Ramsdell Dawn R. Rux Martin A. Smith Richard A. Toth Jack R. Walker James M. Wise Michael S. Ramsey Jeremy L. Sadler Sean R. Smith Kelley A. Trautwein Janae Wallace Richard Witt Usha Rao Demian M. Saffer Timothy M. Smith Paul W. Travis Christian P. Walls Camron W. Wobus Jacqueline C. Rasmusson Somchai Sakulbenjayotin John P. Smithey Paul J. Troiano Christian S. Waltman Brent B. Wolfe Laura M. Rathman Scott A. Salberg Robert J. Sosnowski Asuka Tsuru Matthew E. Walto Andrew J. Wolff Mary-Pat Ratia Hisao Sato Yomari Enid Soto Lopez Jennifer L. Ulmer Yiwu Wang Trefford G. Woodford Patricia L. Rattay Michael Schaaf Solomon M. Sparks Gabor A. Vakarcs Zhonghe Wang Anne M. Woods Jesse E. Rawling III Rebecca A. Scheppy Carol J. Stack Arthur A. Valdez III Marian J. Warren John D. Woods Thomas M. Rebar Jeannette L. Schlichenmeyer Amy L. Starer Jutta L. Valkama Ronald A. Watson Ping Xu Michael P. Reed Stephen J. Schmit Kerrilyn P. Steck Carolyn H. van der Bogert Russ D. Weaver Raymond Yang Andrew S. Reeve Matthew L. Schrimer William E. Steinhart III Stephen J. Van der Hoven Timothy P. Weaver Chen-Feng You Timothy J. Reilly Nancy Schultz Heidi D. Stenner Scott D. Van Hoff Laura E. Webb Jerald J. Yourczek Susan L. Richardson Hayley Shaffer Roberta L. Stevenson Benjamin A.S. Van Mooy William A. Webster David J. Zbieszkowski, Jr. Alan D. Rigby Devin T. Shay Shawn E. Stickler Joel E. Vanderkwaak Joshua P. Weiland Hongbin Zhan John A. Risi Michelle C. Shearer Sandy F. Stokely George J. Varhalmi Edward C. Wellman Mei-fu Zhoy Jennifer S. Rivers Todd C. Shipman Stephen Stokes Jack L. Vasalani Tina M. Wells Sheryl R. Zinsli Lonna M. Roberts Michelle L. Shuey Susan K. Swanson Stephanie K. Veazell Beverly C. Wemple Gretchen Zwart ■ Alexis D. Robertson Tracy M. Siebert Christine M. Taylor Guadalupe Velazquez Michael V. Wendscnun Melissa C. Robertson Terry L. Siegfried, Jr. Cliff D. Taylor Michael J. Vendrasco Josef P. Werne Dane T. Robinson Leah F. Silverman David L. Taylor Leah May B. Ver Jason T. Western P. Charles Robnett Shaymaria M. Silvestri Philip Teas Tammy K. Verkuilen Elizabeth A. White

CALENDAR Washington Report continued from p. 157 Only new or changed information is Williamsport, Pennsylvania. Information: Field c. Superfund, Waste Control and Risk Assessment Subcommittee: now being published in GSA Today . Conference of PA Geologists, P.O. Box 5871, Smith (R—NH), chairman; Lautenberg (D—NJ), ranking member Harrisburg, PA 17110-0871, (717) 787-2379; A complete listing can be found in or J. H. Way, Lock Haven University, Lock the Geoscience Calendar section on Haven, PA 17745-2390, (717) 893-2081, B. HOUSE: the Internet: http://www.aescon.com/ E-mail: [email protected]. I. Appropriations Committee: geosociety/index.html. November Livingston (R—LA), chairman; Obey (D—WI), ranking member a. Energy and Water Development Subcommittee: 1995 Meetings November 1–4, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Myers (R—IN), chairman; Bevill (D—AL), ranking member October Information: Mary Ann Schmidt, Carnegie 1. DOE (part) Museum, 4400 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA October 5–7, 60th Annual Field Confer- 2. DOI (part) ence of Pennsylvania Geologists, 15213, (412) 622-3287, fax 412-622-8837, E-mail: [email protected]. b. Interior Subcommittee: Regula (R—OH), chairman; Yates (D—IL), ranking member 1996 Meetings 1. DOI (part) February 2. DOE (part) February 9–23, 13th Australian Geological c. VA, HUD and Independent Agencies Subcommittee: Convention, Canberra, Australia. Information: Lewis (R—CA), chairman; Stokes (D—OH), ranking member 13th AGC, ACTS, GPO Box 2200, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, phone 61-6 257 3299, fax 61-6 1. CEQ 257 3256, E-mail: [email protected]. See 2. OEQ also Internet Web URL http://www.agso.au/ 3. EPA (click on Information button). 4. NASA March 5. NSF March 4–8, International Congress on 6. OSTP Environment and Climate, Rome, Italy. II. Budget Committee: Information: Philip Carrion, International Congress on Environment and Climate, OGS, Kasich (R—OH), chairman; Sabo (D—MN), ranking member P.O. Box 2011, Opicina (TS), Italy 34016, III. Commerce Committee: phone 39-40-2140-203, fax 39-40-327-307, Bliley (R—VA), chairman; Dingell (D—MI), ranking member E-mail: [email protected]. a. Energy and Power Subcommittee: (Abstract deadline: October 15, 1995.) Schaefer (R—CO), chairman; Pallone (D—NJ), ranking member June b. Health and Environment Subcommittee: June 9–12, North American Paleontologi- cal Convention, Washington, D.C. Informa- Bilirakis (R—FL), chairman; Waxman (D—CA), ranking member tion: NAPC-96, National Museum of Natural IV. Resources Committee: History, Dept. of Paleobiology–MRC 121, Young (R—AK), chairman; Miller (D—CA), ranking member Washington, DC 20560. (Abstract deadline: a. Energy and Mineral Resources Subcommittee: January 19, 1996.) Calvert (R—CA), chairman; Abercrombie (D—HI), ranking member June 10–12, 3rd International Symposium 1. USGS on Environmental Geotechnology, b. Fisheries, Wildlife and Oceans Subcommittee: San Diego, California. Information: Eleanor Nothelfer, Fritz Engineering Laboratory, Lehigh Saxton (R—NJ), chairman; Studds (D—MA), ranking member University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, (610) 1. Oceanography 758-3520, fax 610-758-4522; E-mail: 2. Marine science and research esnø@lehigh.edu. c. Water and Power Resources Subcommittee: June 24–27, International Airborne Doolittle (R—CA), chairman; DeFazio (D—OR), ranking member Remote Sensing Conference and Exhibi- V. Science Committee: tion, San Francisco, California. Information: Robert Rogers, ERIM Conferences, Box Walker (R—PA), chairman; Brown (D—CA), ranking member 134001, Ann Arbor, MI 48113-4001, (313) a. Basic Research Subcommittee: 994-1200, ext. 3234, fax 313-994-5123; Schiff (R–NM), chairman; Geren (D—TX), ranking member E-mail: [email protected]. See also Internet 1.OSTP Web site http://www.erim.org/CONF/. 2. NSF September 3. University research policy September 22–27, Third USA/CIS Joint 4. Earthquake and fire research programs Conference on Environmental Hydrology and Hydrogeology, Taskent, Uzbekistan. 5. Office of Technology Assessment Information: Third USA/CIS Conference, Amer- b. Energy and Environment Subcommittee: ican Institute of Hydrology, 3416 University Rohrabacher (R—CA), chairman; Hayes (D—LA), ranking member Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414-3328. 1. DOE research and development (Abstract deadline: September 19, 1995.) 2. NOAA November 3. EPA research and development November 10–15, Workshop on Tuffs— Their Properties, Uses, Hydrology, and c. Space and Aeronautics Subcommittee: Resources, Santa Fe, New Mexico. Informa- Sensenbrenner (R—WI), chairman; Hall (D—TX), ranking member tion: Grant Heiken, Earth and Environmental 1. International Space Station Sciences Division, EES-1, Los Alamos National 2. NASA Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, (505) 3. Earth remote sensing policy 667-8477; fax 505-665-3285; E-mail: [email protected]. d. Technology Subcommittee: Morella (R—MD), chairman; Tanner (D—TN), ranking member Send notices of meetings of general interest, in The AGU Science Legislative Alert (ASLA) can be contacted by E-mail at: format above, to Editor, GSA Today, P.O. Box [email protected] ■ 9140, Boulder, CO 80301.

164 GSA TODAY, August 1995 Kobe continued from p. 156

Despite construction of the newer Harbor Expressway to modern seismic- design standards, many of its bridges slipped off their bearings, and one even collapsed (Fig. 9). Almost every expan- sion joint along the elevated Harbor Figure 9. Nishinomiya Expressway was damaged. The heavy Harbor Bridge where an damage to the expressway may be approach span collapsed. partly explained by its location on Thomas D. O’Rourke of reclaimed ground. Soil as it liquefied Cornell University stands around the bridge columns was unable astride ground crack to resist the lateral rocking motions of caused by liquefaction- the columns of the elevated roadway induced lateral spreading in (Comartin et al., 1995). bridge foundation. Kobe also relies heavily on three major rail lines for ground transporta- tion. As with the expressway system, most of these rail lines are elevated structures. Damage primarily derived from failure of columns that were built to older seismic-design standards. The collapse of the underground Daikai Railroad Station in western Kobe Most of the pipeline breaks were and road-surface damage also interfered (see Fig. 2 for location) is the first col- in alluvial-soil areas and were not asso- with repair operations. lapse of an engineered tunnel from ciated with permanent ground move- About 1 million customers were seismic shaking ever reported. The sta- ments. Piping is primarily ductile iron. without electrical power immediately tion and adjacent tunnel were built in The piping system on Rokko Island, after the earthquake. The blackout the 1960s by cut-and-cover techniques the newest area of fill, uses locking slip resulted primarily from shaking dam- in stiff sandy silt. Reinforced-concrete joints to accommodate permanent hor- age to 58 substations and 38 transmis- columns in the station, which sup- izontal ground movement. No leaks in sion lines (77 to 275 kV). Service was ported the roof of the station and this system were observed. also disrupted by damage to about 4.8 m of overlying soil, buckled, caus- Restoration of water service, despite 900 power poles. Six power generation ing 1800 m2 of land to settle in a 90-m- outside assistance, was slow. It took 11 plants were damaged. Damage to long elongate depression. Maximum days to repair half the leaks, and only power plants, most of which were settlement was 2.5 m. Collapse was 80% of the leaks were repaired within located on reclaimed ground, resulted localized above the 17-m-wide under- a month. Repairs were hampered by from both shaking and permanent ground station and did not extend into damage to bureau offices. The bureau’s ground deformation. Kansai Electric the narrower 9-m-wide running tun- headquarters was located on the col- Power Co. estimated its losses at $2.3 nels at either end of the station. lapsed sixth floor of the City Hall billion, of which approximately 10% Maritime transportation was also Annex (Fig. 8), and the two regional was attributed to liquefaction. disrupted. The Port of Kobe was badly offices were either badly damaged Restoration of electrical power damaged, and no containerized cargo or burned. was rapid. By one and three days after could be loaded or unloaded. Kobe is Sewage collection and treatment the earthquake, power was restored the largest foreign-trade port in Japan facilities were also damaged. The worst to 600,000 and 890,000 customers, and the third busiest port in the world. damage was to the sewage-treatment respectively. Restoration was completed The port contains 152 berths, with an Figure 10. Damage to Maya Wharf caused facility for Hagashi Nada, the eastern within a week, although some repairs aggregate wharf length of 27 km (Fair- by liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. The ward of Kobe, which was crippled by were only temporary. quay wall moved outward, causing formation play, 1994). It operates 400 dockside the earthquake. Damage forced dis- of a graben. The seaward rail for gantry cranes gantry cranes and derricks to load and charge of chlorinated but otherwise CONCLUSIONS is located on the quay wall, and the landward unload cargo. More than 95% of the untreated sewage into Osaka Bay. This rail is located on a pile-supported wall behind shipping berths were inoperable after The 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earth- sewage-treatment facility was built on a graben. the earthquake. Approximately 24 km quake confirms that even moderate reclaimed ground. Damage was caused of wharf was damaged. events can cause major property losses principally by liquefaction-induced Damage to quay walls, crane-rail when they occur directly within a settlement and lateral spreading. Build- systems, and dockside gantry cranes modern urban area. Although the ings and tanks of the facility are sup- that extends well beyond the purview was caused by permanent ground engineering design practice and con- ported by piles that extend through of the earth sciences. In broad outline, displacement associated with lateral struction in Kobe may differ in detail the liquefied zone. Settling ranging however, the lessons from Kobe for spreading at the margins of the fill from those in areas of high seismic from 0.5 to 1.0 m severed buried sewer the earth sciences are similar to those (Fig. 10). Quay walls were typically hazard in the United States, the con- lines where they were connected to the from the 1994 Northridge and 1989 displaced seaward about 1 to 2 m, and centration of damage in structures built facility’s buildings and tanks. Loma Prieta, California, earthquakes. a 2–3-m-deep graben formed on the to older building codes should be a The Osaka Gas Company sus- Areas that either have a potential for landward side of the wall. Damage to particular cause for concern in the pended service to 857,400 natural-gas near-source ground shaking or are the cranes was caused by differential United States. Each new earthquake customers in Kobe four hours after susceptible to special site effects are at horizontal displacement between the provides an opportunity to learn and the earthquake after receiving many particular risk in earthquakes (Holzer, seaward and landward crane rails. to improve the seismic provisions of reports of leaking gas and when the 1994). Society is more inclined to miti- The seaward crane rail at Kobe typically our building codes, but new codes are scope of damage and fire hazard gate earthquake hazards when the geo- rests on the quay walls, which are of not retroactive. This situation permits became clear. Most of the damage was scientists are able to specify the degree caisson-type construction, and the buildings to remain in service that are to the low-pressure distribution system of hazard. landward crane rail rests on either a not resistant to collapse. Kobe confirms and occurred primarily at screw joints pile-supported wall or engineered fill. that nonconforming older buildings in this steel pipe system. Damage was ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Horizontal displacement, which was are a substantial part of the earthquake extensive in both areas of liquefaction greatest at the quay wall, pulled the hazard in the urban environment. If Much of the information summa- and areas without permanent ground two crane rails apart, distorting the we are to reduce earthquake risk in our rized here was obtained from briefings deformation. Only about 90 repairs steel moment frames of the cranes. cities, we must address the problem presented by Japanese government were necessary in the medium-pressure Approximately 650,000 customers of nonconforming buildings. agencies and private companies. Brief- lines, primarily in hilly areas where of the Kobe City Waterworks Bureau The 1995 earthquake also high- ings were conducted under the United repair crews reported ground cracking lost water service. The disruption re- lights the need to consider standards States–Japan Natural Resources Proto- and in liquefaction areas. The two sulted from more than 4000 leaks in for each part of the infrastructure of a col. The U.S. team was led by Riley M. liquified natural-gas terminals and the main distribution lines and more city. Urban infrastructure generally is Chung, to whom I am grateful for his the high-pressure piping system were than 20,000 leaks on private lots. Leak- subject to a lifeline-specific rather than conscientious effort to pack as much undamaged. Total losses were approxi- age was so massive that the volume of a general standard, including specifica- into a day as possible. I am also mately $1.9 billion. water in the distribution system dwin- tion of the design earthquake or ground indebted to Yasuyuki Koga and Yoshio Restoration of gas service became dled from 338,455 to 94,908 m3 in a shaking. The disabling of the Port of Ninomiya, who guided us through the a major challenge for Kobe because single day. Of the 119 water-distribu- Kobe and the severe disruption to trans- heights and depths of Kobe. Yoko many residents depend on it for heat- tion reservoirs in the system, 57 com- portation, water, sewer, gas, and power Takauchi patiently translated many ing and cooking. A month after the pletely drained within six hours, and systems demonstrate the need to en- Japanese documents. Robert D. Brown, earthquake, service had been restored 29 more eventually drained dry. A total sure the integrity of the whole infra- Jr., and Mehmet Çelebi critically to only about one-third of the gas cus- of 21 of the distribution reservoirs are structure. The chain of postearthquake reviewed the manuscript. Emmett tomers. Restoration was hampered by dual reservoirs with emergency shutoff functionality of a city may well rest on Dingel prepared the illustrations. the numerous leaks in the low-pressure valves on one of the reservoirs to en- its weakest link. system and inflow of water and soil sure local sources of water in cases of Earthquakes present a challenging into the gas pipes. Traffic congestion disaster. Operation of these valves geologic hazard because their mitiga- preserved 33,800 m3 of water. tion raises a complex range of issues Kobe continued on p. 167

GSA TODAY, August 1995 165 GSA SECTION MEETINGS — 1996 GSA ANNUAL MEETINGS

Call for Papers 1995 SOUTH-CENTRAL SECTION ROCKY MOUNTAIN SECTION New Orleans, Louisiana March 11–12, 1996 April 18–19, 1996 November 6–9 University of Texas, Austin, Texas Rapid City Civic Center, Rapid City South Dakota Ernest N. Morial Abstract Deadline: Convention Center, November 20, 1995 Abstract Deadline: Hyatt Regency New Orleans January 5, 1996 Submit completed abstracts to: Preregistration Deadline: September 29 William F. Mullican, Bureau of Economic Submit completed abstracts to: Technical Program Schedule: September GSA Today Geology, University of Texas, University Alvis L. Lisenbee, Department of Geology Station Box X, Austin, TX 78712, and Geological Engineering, South Dakota (512) 471-1534, mullicanb@ School of Mines and Technology, 501 East begv.beg.utexas.edu St. Joseph St., Rapid City, SD 57701-3995, (605) 394-2463 REGISTRATION AND HOUSING MATERIALS APPEAR IN JUNE GSA TODAY SOUTHEASTERN SECTION CORDILLERAN SECTION March 14–15, 1996 April 22–24, 1996 REGISTER TODAY! Ramada Plaza Hotel, Jackson, Mississippi Red Lion Hotel at Lloyd Center, Portland, Oregon Abstract Deadline: November 15, 1995 Abstract Deadline: December 28, 1995 Submit completed abstracts to: 1996 Darrel Schmitz, Department of Geo- Submit completed abstracts to: sciences, Mississippi State University, P.O. Richard Thoms, Department of Geology, Denver, Colorado Box 5448, Misssissippi State, MS 39762, Portland State University October 28–31 (601) 325-2904 P.O. Box 751, Portland, OR 97207-0751, (503) 725-3379 Colorado Convention Center Marriott City Center NORTHEASTERN SECTION NORTH-CENTRAL SECTION General Chairs: Gregory S. Holden and Kenneth E. Kolm, Colorado School of March 21–23, 1996 May 2–3, 1996 Mines Hyatt Regency, Buffalo, New York Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa Technical Program Chairs: John D. Humphrey and John E. Warme, Abstract Deadline: Abstract Deadline: Colorado School of Mines November 20, 1995 January 17, 1996 Call for Field Trip Proposals: Please contact the Field Trip Chairs listed below. Charles L. Pillmore, Ren A. Thompson Submit completed abstracts to: Submit completed abstracts to: Charles E. Mitchell, Department of Geol- Kenneth E. Windom, Department of Geo- U.S. Geological Survey, MS 913, P.O. Box 25046 ogy, SUNY at Buffalo, 876 Natural Science logical and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 and Mathematics Complex, Buffalo, NY State University, 253 Science I Building, phones: Charles L. Pillmore, (303) 236-1240; 14260-3050, (716) 645-6800, glgchuck@ Ames, IA 50011-3210, (515) 294-2430, ✁ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu [email protected] Ren A. Thompson (303) 236-0929 1996 ABSTRACT FORM REQUEST THEME FOR 1996 ANNUAL MEETING The scientific theme for the 1996 Annual Meeting is “Earth System Summit.” To: GSA Abstracts Coordinator, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140 As with past themes, this one has several meanings. In particular, we wish to or E-mail: [email protected] emphasize that Earth is a complete system whose processes are complexly interre- Please send _____ copies of the 1996 GSA abstract form. I understand lated at a variety of scales. Second, the theme emphasizes that we are all inhabi- that the same form may be used for all 1996 GSA meetings — tants of this complex system; our actions can have significant impact—or be (the six Section Meetings and the Annual Meeting). impacted by—its dynamic behavior. Theme sessions and symposia will be offered on aspects of multidisciplinary integrated studies of the Earth System, with special Name ______emphasis on the Rocky Mountain, High Plains, and Western Interior regions. We are, therefore, soliciting symposia and theme topics and field-trip proposals that Address ______will integrate a variety of disciplines around a broad topic. We envision a coupling ______of symposia-theme sessions and field trips, in which pre- or postmeeting field trips complement technical sessions presented during the meeting. Examples of City ______State______ZIP ______such synergy might be “The Yellowstone Volcanic System,” “The Rio Grande Rift System,” or “The San Luis Valley Hydrologic System.”

1995 PENROSE CONFERENCES CALL FOR August Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, 8701 CONTINUING EDUCATION August 22–27, Fault-related Folding, Banff, N. MoPac Expressway, Austin, TX 78759-8397, Alberta, Canada. Information: David Anastasio, (512) 471-0433, fax 512-471-0433, E-mail: COURSE PROPOSALS Department of Earth and Environmental [email protected]. PROPOSALS DUE BY DECEMBER 1 Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA October 18015-3188, (610) 758-5117, fax 610- October 6–11, Mesozoic Evolution of the The GSA Committee on Continuing Education invites those interested 758-3677, E-mail: [email protected]. Cordilleran Continental Margin in Cen- in proposing a GSA-sponsored or cosponsored course or workshop to contact August 31–September 4, Fine-grained Fault tral and Southern California, Tehachapi, GSA headquarters for proposal guidelines. Continuing Education courses may Rocks, Leavenworth, Washington. Informa- California. Information: Andrew Barth, Depart- be conducted in conjunction with all GSA annual or section meetings. We are tion: Jerry F. Magloughlin, Department of ment of Geology, Indiana/Purdue University, Geological Sciences, 1006 C.C. Little Building, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5132, (317) 274-1243, particularly interested in receiving proposals for the 1996 Denver Annual University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI E-mail: [email protected]. Meeting or the 1997 Salt Lake City Annual Meeting. 48109-1063, (313) 747-0664, fax 313- October 14–20, The Argentine Pre- Proposals must be received by December 1, 1995. Selection of courses for 763-4690, E-mail: jerry.magloughlin@ cordillera: A Laurentian Terrane?, San 1996 will be made by February 1, 1996. For those planning ahead, we will also um.cc.umich.edu. Juan, Argentina. Information: Ian W. D. Dalziel, consider courses for 1997 at that time. September Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas September 28–October 3, Tectonic Devel- at Austin, 8701 N. Mopac Expy., Austin, For proposal guidelines or information, contact: opment of the Canada Basin and Sur- TX 78759-8397, (512) 471-0341, fax 512- Edna A. Collis ■ rounding Regions, Banff, Alberta, Canada. 471-8844, E-mail: [email protected]. Continuing Education Coordinator,GSA headquarters Information: Lawrence A. Lawver, Institute for 1-800-472-1988, ext. 134 • E-mail: [email protected]

Travel King: official travel agency for the New Orleans meeting Call You could win a trip (air & hotel) for 2 to Las Vegas! Book your New Orleans ticket through Travel King and your name FUTURE will be entered into a drawing to be held November 30th. Denver ...... October 28–31 ...... 1996 TRAVEL Salt Lake City ...... October 20–23 ...... 1997 1-800-458-6398 toll free Toronto ...... October 26–29 ...... 1998 (303) 776-2270 • Fax 303-776-5170 Denver ...... October 25–28 ...... 1999 KING collect from outside U.S. 8:30 a.m.–5:30 p.m. MST, Monday thru Friday; For general information on any meeting call the GSA Meetings Department, Today! 10:00 a.m.–2:00 p.m. Saturday 1-800-472-1988 or (303) 447-2020, ext. 113; Special air discounts for the GSA Meeting! E-mail: [email protected]

166 GSA TODAY, August 1995 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Published on the 1st of the month of issue. Ads (or The University is an equal opportunity/affirmative cancellations) must reach the GSA Advertising office action employer. Women and minorities are encour- one month prior. Contact Advertising Department aged to apply. DIVISION OF EARTH SCIENCES (303) 447-2020, 1-800-472-1988, fax 303-447-1133, or E-mail: [email protected]. Please include THE WIENER LABORATORY complete address, phone number, and E-mail OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION address with all correspondence. STUDIES AT ATHENS DIRECTOR Per line Applications are invited for the position of Director of Arlington, VA 22230 Per Line for each The Wiener Laboratory of the American School of for addt'l month Classical Studies at Athens, Greece. Applicants Classification 1st month (same ad) should have an area of expertise in one of the pri- NSF’s Directorate for Geosciences seeks qualified candidates mary areas of the Lab’s research programs (geoar- Situations Wanted $1.75 $1.40 chaeology, human skeletal analysis, zooarchaeol- for the position of Director, Division of Earth Sciences. The Positions Open $6.50 $5.50 ogy) with an established publication record and Consultants $6.50 $5.50 demonstrated administrative and fund-raising abili- incumbent will provide management and direction to the Services & Supplies $6.50 $5.50 ties.A strong background in natural science, experi- Division which is responsible for funding support of Opportunities for Students ence in collaborating with archaeological and Classi- first 25 lines $0.00 $2.35 cal scholars, and a commitment to Aegean fundamental research in most areas of the solid-earth additional lines $1.35 $2.35 archaeology is desired. Under the supervision of the Code number: $2.75 extra Director of the School, the Director of the Lab is sciences including geology, geophysics, geochemistry, responsible for developing and administering the Agencies and organizations may submit purchase research and workshop programs, collections, and hydrology, and related fields. order or payment with copy. Individuals must send facilities of the Lab as well as maintaining and prepayment with copy. To estimate cost, count 54 enlarging established networks with other laborato- Appointment to this Senior Executive Service position characters per line, including all punctuation and ries and institutions. He/she chairs the local adminis- may be on a career or 2-to-3 year limited term basis with a blank spaces. Actual cost may differ if you use capi- trative committee and an international science advis- tals, centered copy, or special characters. tory committee. Salary ($30,000Ð$40,000) $97,991 to $113,180 salary range. Alternatively, selectee may commensurate with rank and experience; housing To answer coded ads, use this address: Code # ----, allowance; qualified for TIAA/CREF after two years if be assigned under intergovernmental Personnel Act GSA Advertising Dept., P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO not previously enrolled. Term: 1 July 1996 to 30 June 80301-9140. All coded mail will be forwarded within 1999, eligibility for renewal. Deadline for applications provisions, retaining current salary and benefits. Applicants 24 hours of arrival at GSA Today office. is 15 November 1995. Applicants must include a let- ter concerning his/her views on the future direction of must have a Ph.D. or professional experience in the earth the Wiener Laboratory, a curriculum vitae, and the names of three references that may be contacted. sciences, substantial research experience and strong Positions Open Application materials should be sent to the search evidence of scholarship in earth sciences or recognized committee chair: Professor George Rapp, Jr., Direc- INDIANA UNIVERSITY, BLOOMINGTON tor, Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Min- leadership in research administration, and demonstrated The Department of Geological Sciences at Indiana nesota, Duluth, MN 55812, USA. Phone: (218)726- University, Bloomington, invites applications for a 7629. Fax: 218-726-6979. supervisory skills. tenure-track assistant professorship in geobiology starting August, 1996. Research areas of particular Applicants should contact the Executive Personnel interest include biodiversity, global change, paleo- ceanography, paleoclimatology, and evolutionary his- Services & Supplies and Development Branch 703-306-0755 (hearing impaired tory. Candidates should have demonstrable potential individuals may call 703-306-0189) to request Announcement as an effective teacher and as a research scientist PROMOTE YOUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES to capable of developing an externally funded research the leaders and decision-makers in the earth sci- EP-95-11 for complete qualification requirements and program. ences community. This column is seen each month Applicants should submit a vita, summary of inter- in print and on the World Wide Web! application procedures. Applications must be received by ests in research and teaching, and names and addresses (including phone, fax, and e-mail) of three 09/29/95. referees by 15 October to the Geobiology Search Committee, Department of Geological Sciences, Indi- Opportunities for Students NSF IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER ana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-1403; (812) COMMITTED TO EMPLOYING A HIGHLY QUALIFIED STAFF 855-5581; fax: (812) 855-7899; e-mail: dodd@indi- List your opportunities for students here! This ana.edu. column is seen each month in print and on the World THAT REFLECTS THE DIVERSITY OF OUR NATION. Indiana University is an equal-opportunity, affirma- Wide Web! tive-action employer. Women and minorities are encouraged to apply.

RESEARCH PROGRAMMER Public Service Announcement UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, URBANA-CHAMPAIGN The Department of Geology seeks to fill a regular Mt. Eden Books full-time position of Research Programmer. The suc- USGS STAFF AVAILABILITY cessful candidate will have the responsibility of & administering the workstations and microcomputers The Geologic Division of the U.S. Geological Survey is undergoing a reduction-in- in the Department; assisting in the maintenance of Bindery the Geology Computing Network; and maintaining force and reorganization that will release a large pool of well trained, experienced, the Geology WWW site. He/she will also assist in and productive staff including geologists, geophysicists, chemists, computer staff, developing teaching software for Geology courses, Specializing in out-of- cartographic and graphics experts, and a variety of administrative and support staff. especially at the introductory level; developing tools for teaching and research in geosciences; assisting print and rare books in Released employees will be available for employment in October 1995. in the preparation of proposals to upgrade and main- tain the Geology Computing Facility; and conducting the GEOLOGICAL Potential employers are encouraged to contact regional offices of the Geologic Divi- training for faculty, staff, and students as needs SCIENCES. Including sion for information and resumes of available staff beginning September 1, 1995. arise. A B.S. degree in science or engineering with USGS publications, Inquiries should be made through: experience in computer and network administration and data retrieval through the World Wide Web is general geology, Assistant Chief Geologist, Eastern Region required. Candidates with a background in geo- sciences are preferred. Preference will be given to mining, paleontology, U.S. Geological Survey, Mail Stop 953, Reston, VA 22091 candidates knowledgeable in the following computer geophysics, hydrology, 703-648-6660 languages: UNIX scripts, C++ or C, FORTRAN and HTML. Having an extensive experience in using vari- mineralogy, etc. Assistant Chief Geologist, Central Region ous graphic packages will be an advantage. The appointment will be a renewable, 12-month U.S. Geological Survey, Mail Stop 911 academic professional position. The estimated start- FREE CATALOG Box 25046, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 ing date is October 21, 1995. Salary is commensu- 303-236-5438 rate with qualifications and experience. To ensure full consideration, applicants should P.O. Box 1014 Assistant Chief Geologist, Western Region send a résumé and the names of three references to: Cedar Ridge, CA 95924 Peter A. Michalove, Department of Geology, Univer- U.S. Geological Survey, Mail Stop 919 sity of Illinois, 1301 West Green Street, Urbana, IL (916) 274-BOOK (2665) 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 61801; (217) 244-3190; fax (217) 244-4996; FAX (916) 274-2847 e-mail: [email protected] before 419-459-5101 September 30, 1995. E-mail:[email protected]

Kobe continued from p. 165 Fairplay, 1994, World ports directory: Surrey, Nakakita, U., and Watanabe, Y., 1977, Soil stabi- Tsukuda, E., Sangawa, A., and Kinugasa, Y., 1982, United Kingdom, Fairplay Information Systems, lization by preloading in Kobe Port Island: Inter- Kochi neotectonic map, Sheet 13: Geological Sur- Ltd. p. 407–408. national Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foun- vey of Japan, scale 1:500,000. REFERENCES CITED dation Engineering, Tokyo, Proceedings, Case Fujiwara, T., Suzuki, Y., Nakashima, M., Iwai, S., History Volume, p. 611–622. Tsukuda, E., Sangawa, A., and Mizuno, K., 1985, Asahi Evening News, 1995, Summary of damage Kitahara, A., and Bruneau, M., 1995, Overview of Okayama neotectonic map, Sheet 12: Geological in Kobe: February 17, 1995, p. 15–17. building damage from the 1995 great Hanshin National Research Institute for Earth Science and Survey of Japan, scale 1:500,000. earthquake: Kyoto University, Disaster Prevention Disaster Prevention, 1995, Prompt report on Boore, D. M., Joyner, W. J., and Fumal, T. E., Wesnousky, S. G., Scholz, C. H., and Shimazaki, 1994, Estimation of response spectra and peak Institute Newsletter, February Special Issue, strong motion accelerograms: Science and Tech- p. 13–20. nology Agency, NRIESDP Rept. 46, 42 p. K., 1982, Deformation of an island arc: Rates of accelerations from western North American earth- moment release and crustal shortening in intra- quakes: An interim report: U.S. Geological Survey Heaton, T., and Wald, D., 1994, Strong ground Research Group for Active Faults in Japan, 1991, plate Japan determined from seismicity and Qua- Open-File Report 94-127, 40 p. motions from the Northridge earthquake; were Active faults in Japan—Sheets, maps, and inven- ternary fault data: Journal of Geophysical Borcherdt, R. D., 1995, Seismology, geology, and they anomalous or warnings of things to come? tories (revised edition): Tokyo, University of Research, v. 87, p. 6829–6852. geotechnical issues, in Chung, R.M., ed., The 1995 [abs.]: Eos (Transactions, American Geophysical Tokyo Press. Union), v. 75, supplement, p. 175. Manuscript received April 21, 1995; revision received Hanshin-Awaji, Japan, earthquake: National Insti- Sangawa, A., Sugiyama, U., and Kinugasa, Y., May 22, 1995; accepted May 29, 1995 ■ tute of Standards and Technology Special Report, Holzer, T. L., 1994, Predicting earthquake effects— 1983, Kyoto neotectonic map, Sheet 11: Geologi- (in press). Learning from Northridge and Loma Prieta: Sci- cal Survey of Japan, scale 1:500,000. Comartin, C. D., Greene, M., and Tubbesing, S. K., ence, v. 265, p. 1182–1183. eds., 1995, The Hyogo-Ken Nanbu earthquake— Huzita, K., and Kasama, T., 1983, Geology of the Each month, GSA Today features a short science article on fast-breaking items or current topics of general inter- Great Hanshin earthquake disaster, January 17, Kobe district: Geological Survey of Japan, scale est to the 15,000 members of GSA. What do you think of these articles? Do you have an idea for an article that 1995: El Cerrito, California, Earthquake Engineer- 1:50,000. you would like to see published in GSA Today? If so, please contact Eldridge Moores, Science Editor, GSA Today, ing Research Institute, Report 95-04, 116 p. (916) 752-0352, fax 916-752-0951.

GSA TODAY, August 1995 167 Low-Grade Metamorphism of Mafic Rocks edited by Peter Schiffman and Howard W. Day, 1995 Mafic rocks recrystallized to the zeolite, prehnite- SPECIAL pumpellyite, and contiguous facies are found within a large part of Earth's crust, but particularly at divergent PAPERS GSA and convergent plate margins. Study of these Annual low-grade metamorphic rocks can provide significant insights into understanding the thermal and chemical evolution of diverse Meeting tectonic settings, including mid-oceanic spreading centers, accretionary prisms, and island arcs and their adjacent sedimentary basins. Ten papers address the low-grade metamorphism of mafic rocks from a wide range of NOVEMBER 6–9, 1995 these settings and employ various research methodologies in problem solving. Virtually all of the authors are united in their attempts to extend the understanding of low-grade volcanic and related NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA volcanogenic rocks beyond merely placing them within traditionally defined metamorphic facies. Rather, many of these papers present first- generation attempts at quantifying the P-T-X conditions and processes Preregistration attending low-grade metamorphism of mafic rocks. SPE296, 192 p., indexed, ISBN 0-8137-2296-9; $50.00 Deadline: SEPTEMBER 29 Archaeological Geology of the Archaic Period in North America edited by E. Arthur Bettis III, 1995 Climatic, biotic, and geomorphic changes that had dramatic effects on prehistoric human populations occurred during the early and middle Holocene in North America. This volume focuses on the stratigraphic record of that period, and the controls that sedimentary and pedologic processes have exerted on our perceptions of the associated archaeological record of the Archaic Period. A variety of approaches to investigating and modeling the archaeological geology of the early and middle Holocene in North America are presented. These seven papers summarize what is known of the archaeological geology of the Archaic Period from the St. Lawrence Lowland, through the Mid-continent and Plains, to the Rocky Mountains, and on the continental shelf. They draw information from a variety of sources including previously unpublished studies and the “gray” literature of cultural resource management studies. SPE297, 160 p., indexed, ISBN 0-8137-2297-7; $45.00

Reevaluation of the Bedford-Berea Sequence in Ohio and Adjacent States: Forced Regression in a Foreland Basin by Jack C. Pashin and Frank R. Ettensohn, 1995 During the 1950s, pioneering studies of sedimentation and paleogeography in epicontinental seas focused on the Bedford-Berea sequence. Although fundamental contributions, these studies were performed before the advent of plate tectonics and sequence stratigraphy. Indeed, intense controversy regarding the origin of the Bedford-Berea sequence has arisen in recent years. This publication attempts to resolve this controversy by reevaluating the Bedford-Berea sequence in light of the many profound geologic advances of the last 40 years. In so doing, this report demonstrates how sea-level variation, tectonism, paleotopography, and differential compaction functioned collectively to determine the complex depositional history and paleogeography of the Bedford-Berea sequence. SPE298, 74 p., ISBN 0-8137-2298-5, $30.00

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