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Análisis Morfológico Y Afinidades De Los Pampatheriidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra)

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Análisis Morfológico Y Afinidades De Los Pampatheriidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra) Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata Análisis morfológico y afinidades de los Pampatheriidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra) Lic. Flávio Góis Lima Director: Dr. Gustavo J. Scillato-Yané Tesis para optar al título de Doctor en Ciencias Naturales La Plata, 2013 Agradecimientos El orden de aparición no será riguroso, me resultaría imposible encontrarle valor a la ayuda. La realización de esta Tesis Doctoral fue posible gracias a la colaboración de numerosas personas. A mis padres, Joana Angélica Góis Lima y Raimundo Côrrea Lima (in memoriam), y a mis hermanos por apoyarme siempre. Todo lo que soy hoy como persona se lo debo a ellos. A mi Director Gustavo Juan Scillato-Yané, no sólo por sus sugerencias y críticas con respecto a mis estudios, sino también por compartir infinidad de charlas y brindarme su sincera amistad. Gracias infinitamente. A Rosendo Pascual (in memoriam), que numerosas veces me ayudó cuando comencé mis estudios en Argentina. A Alberto Cione, quien amablemente redactó la carta de recomendación que me abrió las puertas a mis becas de estudio. A Diego Brandoni, por su amistad, y por su colaboración para poder realizar el capítulo de Filogenia y muchas sugerencias en el desarrollo de esta Tesis. A Mario Alberto Cozzuol, que fue mi director de la beca de grado (en Brasil), codirector de la Beca Latinoamericana tipo I y beca interna del tipo II; en la cual le debo infinitamente todo lo que he logrado en mi formación de biólogo y paleontólogo. A Alberto Cione, que un día tuvo la amabilidad de hacerme una carta de recomendación y que resultó una de mis becas de estudio. A Eduardo Pedro Tonni, quien ha saciado mis dudas incontables veces, con la destreza propia del que tiene claridad de conceptos, y por haberme facilitado bibliografía en muchísimas ocasiones. A Alfredo Armando Carlini, por facilitarme el acceso a su laboratorio, explicaciones anatómicas y consultas en general del grupo de estudio. A Sergio Vizcaíno y Susana Bargo, por tantas veces que los consulté y obtuve valiosas respuestas, y por haberme facilitado la bibliografía eventualmente solicitada. A distintos especialistas de Cingulata y amigos: Martín Ciancio (dasipódios del Paleógeno), Martín Zamorano (Panochthini), Laureano González (dasipódidos, peltefílidos y gliptodóntidos de Santa Cruz) y Cecilia Krmpotic (Eutatini), por permanentes charlas acerca de nuestros temas de estudio y por haberme facilitado imágenes y bibliografía. A Miguel M. Manceñido, por ayudarme en algunos aspectos nomenclaturales. A todo el personal del Departamento Científico) de Paleontología de Vertebrados, por numerosas consultas: Guillermo Lopez, Javier Gelfo, Paula Bona, Carolina Acosta Hospitaleche, Leopoldo Soibelzon, Guiomar Vucetich, Cecila Deschamps, Zulma Gasparini, Marta Fernández y Marcelo Reguero. A Laura Zampatti (“Laurita”) por ser tan amable y atenta en la búsqueda de bibliografía que enriqueció este trabajo. A mis compañeros de trabajo y amigos por haberme ayudado en la realización de este trabajo: Laureno González, Martín Zamorano, Martín Ciancio, Analía Francia, Cecilia Krmpotic, Fernando Galliari, Santiago Rodríguez-Bualó y Mariela Castro. A mis grandes amigos del Doctorado Noelia Nuñes Otaño y Raul Vezzosi, por los inolvidables momentos. Agradezco en especial a Noelia (Ricky) una gran amiga. A Brenda Ferrero y Raúl Vezzosi, por sus interesantes comentarios de la geología de la Provincia de Santa Fe. Agradezco enormemente a Raul Vezzosi (Chochi) por el envío de lindos materiales de Santa Fe. A los integrantes del jurado, Alfredo Armando Carlini, Pedro Eduardo Tonni y Daniel Perea, quienes con sus sugerencias y corrrecciones enriquecieron considerablemente esta Tesis. A Miguel Elizalde García por las interesantes charlas sobre los pampatéridos de Norte América. A los encargados de las diferentes colecciones visitadas de Argentina y Brasil. De Argentina, especialmente a Marcelo Reguero y Lucas Pomi de la División de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, y también quiero agradecer a Diego Verzi y a Itatí Olivares por la consulta y préstamo de materiales depositados en la Sección de Mastozoología del dicho museo.Alejandro Kramarz y Juan Fernicola del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”. En Brasil, debo agradecer inmensamente al Cástor Cartelle Guerra por sus valiosos comentarios al respecto de los Pampatheriidae y al Luciano Vilaboim por el auxilio en los materiales del Museu de Ciências Naturais da PUC. A mis grandes amigos de Brasil: Wéslia Rolim, Ivonete Gomes, Semirian Amoêdo, Daniele Silva, Deniele Mendonça, Manuel Paixão, Manuel Santos, Priscilla Menezes, Túlio Araújo, Cinthia Cabral, Cibele Cabral, Elizete Holanda, Alice Sperandio, y de Argentina: Lucas Violini, Victoria Ríos, Matías Rojas, Ramiro Pugh, Francisco Landini, Lucio Landini y Francisco Velay, que colaboraron más de lo que se imaginan en mis momentos de ausencia y angustia. Menciono solo a ellos sino, por suerte, la lista sería muy extensa, pero quiero que todos los amigos y amigas que no nombré también sepan que tengo mucho que agradecerles. Manuel Sosa, por las lindas ilustraciones que cuenta esta Tesis Doctoral. A Néstor, por su habilidad en la fotocopiadora con las que cuenta y a las bibliotecarias del Museo de La Plata. Al CONICET por las becas (Latinoamericana y Tipo II) que me permitieron realizar esta Tesis Doctoral. Y ruego a las personas que de alguna forma hayan colaborado y olvidé nombrar sepan que les agradezco mucho. ÍNDICE RESUMEN .......................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... IV 1. INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Superorden Xenarthra: sistemática, registro fósil e historia evolutiva.................1 1.2. Los Xenarthra Cingulata: Dasypodidae, Petelphilidae, Pampatheriidae, Paleopeltidae y Glyptodontidae ................................................................................................................ 3 1.2.1. Distribución cronológica de los Cingulata ............................................................ 4 1.3. Los Pampatheriidae: historia nomenclatural y taxonómica ......................................... 7 1.3.1. Especies plio-pleistocenas ..................................................................................... 7 1.3.2. Especies del Neógeno ......................................................................................... 10 1.4. Estado actual del estudio de los Pampatheriidae: estudios filogenéticos previos ...... 13 1.4.1. Árboles filogenéticos .......................................................................................... 11 1.4.2. Análisis filogenéticos .......................................................................................... 21 1.5. Esquema sistemático general de los Pampatheriidae en el momento de iniciar esta Tesis (2008) ...................................................................................................................... 23 1.6. Objetivos de esta Tesis Doctoral ................................................................................ 24 2. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS .................................................................................. 26 2.1. Abreviaturas y terminología ...................................................................................... 26 2.2. Regiones de la coraza y nomenclatura de los osteodermos ....................................... 28 2.2.1. Regiones de la coraza de los Dasypodidae y Pampatheriidae ............................. 28 2.2.2. Nomenclatura de los osteodermos de los Pampatheriidae .................................. 30 2.3. Descripción de las medidas ....................................................................................... 33 2.3.1. Coraza dorsal ....................................................................................................... 33 2.3.2. Estuche caudal .................................................................................................... 33 2.3.3. Osteodermos de distintas regiones de la coraza dorsal ...................................... 34 2.4. Craneanas ................................................................................................................... 35 2.4.1. Vista dorsal ......................................................................................................... 35 2.4.1. Vista ventral ........................................................................................................ 35 2.4.2. Mandíbula ........................................................................................................... 36 2.5. Postcráneo .................................................................................................................. 38 2.5.1.Húmero ................................................................................................................. 38 2.5.2. Radio ................................................................................................................... 39 2.5.3. Ulna. .................................................................................................................... 39 2.5.4. Fémur .................................................................................................................. 39 2.5.5. Calcáneo .............................................................................................................
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    Revista Geológica de América Central, 41: 25-36, 2009 ISSN: 0256-7024 EL ARMADILLO GIGANTE (MAMMALIA, XENARTHRA, PAMPATHERIIDAE) DEL RÍO TOMAYATE, BLANCANO TARDÍO- IRVINGTONIANO TEMPRANO, EL SALVADOR, AMÉRICA CeNTRAL THE GIANT ARMADILLO (MAMMALIA, XENARTHRA, PAMPATHERIIDAE) FROM THE LATE BLANCAN - EARLY IRVINGTONIAN OF TOMAYATE RIVER, EL SALVADOR, CENTRAL AMERICA Daniel H. Aguilar1 & César A. Laurito2 & 3* 1Departamento de Paleontología, Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvador. Calle los Viveros, Colonia Nicaragua, San Salvador, El Salvador 2INA, Instituto Nacional de Aprendizaje – Núcleo de Turismo 3Investigador Asociado-Departamento de Historia Natural, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica *Autor para contacto: [email protected] (Recibido: 15/10/2009, aceptado:12/12/09) Abstract: The species Holmesina septentrionalis (Leidy, 1889) is recorded for the first time in the Tomayate River lo- cality fossil fauna, Department of San Salvador, El Salvador. This determination is based on the comparative biometric data analysis of the ratio between widths versus area of all North American species of Pampatheriidae Family. This found corresponds with the first and the most austral record of this specie in CentralAmerica. Key words: Xenarthra, Cingulata, Pampatheriidae, Holmesina, Pleistocene, Tomayate River, El Salvador Resumen: Se registra por primera vez en la localidad fosilífera del Río Tomayate, Departamento de San Salvador, El Salvador, la especie Holmesina septentrionalis (Leidy, 1889), tal determinación se fundamenta en el análisis compara- tivo de las variables biométricas de espesores versus áreas de todas las especies norteamericanas de la Familia Pampa- theriidae. El presente hallazgo corresponde con el registro más austral de la especie en América Central. Palabras clave: Xenarthra, Cingulata, Pampatheriidae, Holmesina, río Tomayate, Pleistocene, El Salvador.
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