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Urban Transformation in Transitional Economies: Lessons from the Mongolian Plateau
URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES: LESSONS FROM THE MONGOLIAN PLATEAU By Hogeun Park A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Planning, Design, and Construction—Doctor of Philosophy 2018 ABSTRACT URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES: LESSONS FROM THE MONGOLIAN PLATEAU By Hogeun Park Over the past three decades, transitional economies have experienced dramatic urbanization in response to changes in the human and natural environments, resulting from economic transitions, industrial restructures, institutional reforms, and climate variability. However, our knowledge of the causes and processes of urbanization in transitional economies remains limited. Here, I used the Mongolian Plateau (MGP), including Inner Mongolia in China (IM) and Mongolia (MG), as a testbed for studying the processes and causes of urbanization. I also investigated urban challenges and the policy implications of those issues. The dissertation is set to three research objectives: (1) understanding the processes of urbanization in the MGP, (2) analyzing the driving forces of rural-to-urban migration, and (3) identifying urban challenges and proposing policy solutions. For the first objective, I analyzed the spatial characteristics of urbanization in six cities (Hohhot, Baotou, and Ulanqab in IM, and Ulaanbaatar, Erdenet, and Darkhan in MG) using remote sensing analyses, computed the urban growth rates, population density, and discontiguity (i.e., leap-frogging index) of each city from 1990 through 2015, and applied structural equation models. I found divergent spatial patterns of urbanization in IM and MG and the differential institutional supports and industrial structures contributing to these disparities. For the second objective, I used household surveys to analyze the forces driving rural-to- urban migration, complemented with remote sensing tools to estimate the actual environmental conditions of respondents’ former residences. -
Multi-Scale Analysis of Green Space for Human Settlement Sustainability in Urban Areas of the Inner Mongolia Plateau, China
sustainability Article Multi-Scale Analysis of Green Space for Human Settlement Sustainability in Urban Areas of the Inner Mongolia Plateau, China Wenfeng Chi 1,2, Jing Jia 1,2, Tao Pan 3,4,5,* , Liang Jin 1,2 and Xiulian Bai 1,2 1 College of resources and Environmental Economics, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010070, China; [email protected] (W.C.); [email protected] (J.J.); [email protected] (L.J.); [email protected] (X.B.) 2 Resource Utilization and Environmental Protection Coordinated Development Academician Expert Workstation in the North of China, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010070, China 3 College of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Shandong, Rizhao 276826, China 4 Department of Geography, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium 5 Land Research Center of Qufu Normal University, Shandong, Rizhao 276826, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-1834-604-6488 Received: 19 July 2020; Accepted: 18 August 2020; Published: 21 August 2020 Abstract: Green space in intra-urban regions plays a significant role in improving the human habitat environment and regulating the ecosystem service in the Inner Mongolian Plateau of China, the environmental barrier region of North China. However, a lack of multi-scale studies on intra-urban green space limits our knowledge of human settlement environments in this region. In this study, a synergistic methodology, including the main process of linear spectral decomposition, vegetation-soil-impervious surface area model, and artificial digital technology, was established to generate a multi-scale of green space (i.e., 15-m resolution intra-urban green components and 0.5-m resolution park region) and investigate multi-scale green space characteristics as well as its ecological service in 12 central cities of the Inner Mongolian Plateau. -
Annual Report Annual Report 2020
2020 Annual Report Annual Report 2020 For further details about information disclosure, please visit the website of Yanzhou Coal Mining Company Limited at Important Notice The Board, Supervisory Committee and the Directors, Supervisors and senior management of the Company warrant the authenticity, accuracy and completeness of the information contained in the annual report and there are no misrepresentations, misleading statements contained in or material omissions from the annual report for which they shall assume joint and several responsibilities. The 2020 Annual Report of Yanzhou Coal Mining Company Limited has been approved by the eleventh meeting of the eighth session of the Board. All ten Directors of quorum attended the meeting. SHINEWING (HK) CPA Limited issued the standard independent auditor report with clean opinion for the Company. Mr. Li Xiyong, Chairman of the Board, Mr. Zhao Qingchun, Chief Financial Officer, and Mr. Xu Jian, head of Finance Management Department, hereby warrant the authenticity, accuracy and completeness of the financial statements contained in this annual report. The Board of the Company proposed to distribute a cash dividend of RMB10.00 per ten shares (tax inclusive) for the year of 2020 based on the number of shares on the record date of the dividend and equity distribution. The forward-looking statements contained in this annual report regarding the Company’s future plans do not constitute any substantive commitment to investors and investors are reminded of the investment risks. There was no appropriation of funds of the Company by the Controlling Shareholder or its related parties for non-operational activities. There were no guarantees granted to external parties by the Company without complying with the prescribed decision-making procedures. -
Continuing Crackdown in Inner Mongolia
CONTINUING CRACKDOWN IN INNER MONGOLIA Human Rights Watch/Asia (formerly Asia Watch) CONTINUING CRACKDOWN IN INNER MONGOLIA Human Rights Watch/Asia (formerly Asia Watch) Human Rights Watch New York $$$ Washington $$$ Los Angeles $$$ London Copyright 8 March 1992 by Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN 1-56432-059-6 Human Rights Watch/Asia (formerly Asia Watch) Human Rights Watch/Asia was established in 1985 to monitor and promote the observance of internationally recognized human rights in Asia. Sidney Jones is the executive director; Mike Jendrzejczyk is the Washington director; Robin Munro is the Hong Kong director; Therese Caouette, Patricia Gossman and Jeannine Guthrie are research associates; Cathy Yai-Wen Lee and Grace Oboma-Layat are associates; Mickey Spiegel is a research consultant. Jack Greenberg is the chair of the advisory committee and Orville Schell is vice chair. HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH Human Rights Watch conducts regular, systematic investigations of human rights abuses in some seventy countries around the world. It addresses the human rights practices of governments of all political stripes, of all geopolitical alignments, and of all ethnic and religious persuasions. In internal wars it documents violations by both governments and rebel groups. Human Rights Watch defends freedom of thought and expression, due process and equal protection of the law; it documents and denounces murders, disappearances, torture, arbitrary imprisonment, exile, censorship and other abuses of internationally recognized human rights. Human Rights Watch began in 1978 with the founding of its Helsinki division. Today, it includes five divisions covering Africa, the Americas, Asia, the Middle East, as well as the signatories of the Helsinki accords. -
SARS CHINA Case Distribution by Prefecture-20 May 20031
Source: Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China SARS Case Distribution by Prefecture(City) in China (Accessed 10:00 20 May 2003) No. Area Prefecture Cumulati Level of local Last Remarks (city) ve transmission reported Probable date Cases 1 Beijing 2444 C 20-May 2 Tianjin 175 C 17-May 3 Hebei 217 Shijiazhuang 24 B 20-May Baoding 31 B 18-May Qinhuangdao 5 UNCERTAIN 7-May Langfang 17 A 14-May Cangzhou 1 NO 26-Apr Tangshan 50 B 18-May Chengde 12 A 20-May Zhangjiakou 66 A 16-May Handan 6 NO 18-May Hengshui 1 NO 7-May Xingtai 4 NO 19-May 4 Shanxi 445 Changzhi 4 NO 8-May Datong 5 NO 8-May Jincheng 1 NO 4-May Jinzhong 49 B 15-May Linfen 18 B 4-May Lvliang 2 NO 13-May Shuozhou 4 NO 17-May Taiyuan 338 C 20-May Xinzhou 4 NO 8-May Yangquan 8 A 10-May Yuncheng 12 A 15-May 5 Inner 287 Mongolia Huhehot 148 C 20-May Baotou 14 B 10-May Bayanzhouer 102 C 15-May 1 Wulanchabu 9 B 6-May Tongliao 1 NO 26-May Xilinguole 10 B 17-May Chifeng 3 NO 6-May 6 Liaoning 3 Huludao 1 NO 26-Apr Liaoyang 1 NO 8-May Dalian 1 NO 12-May 7 Jilin 35 Changchun 34 B 17-May Jilin 1 NO 26-May 8 Heilongjiang 0 9 Shanghai 7 NO 10-May 10 Jiangsu 7 Yancheng 1 NO 2-May Xuzhou 1 NO Before 26 April Nantong 1 NO 30-Apr Huai’an 1 NO 2-May Nanjing 2 A 11-May 1st case of local transmission reported on May 10 Suqian 1 NO 8-May 11 Zhejiang 4 Hangzhou 4 NO 8-May 12 Anhui 10 Fuyang 6 NO 2-May Hefei 1 NO 30-Apr Bengbu 2 NO 10-May Anqing 1 NO 5-May 13 Fujian 3 Sanming 1 NO Before 26 April Xiamen 2 NO Before 26 April 14 Jiangxi 1 Ji’an 1 NO 4-May 15 Shandong 1 2 Jinan 1 NO 22-Apr 16 Henan -
The Effect of Meteorological Variables on the Transmission of Hand, Foot
RESEARCH ARTICLE The Effect of Meteorological Variables on the Transmission of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Four Major Cities of Shanxi Province, China: A Time Series Data Analysis (2009-2013) Junni Wei1*, Alana Hansen2, Qiyong Liu3,4, Yehuan Sun5, Phil Weinstein6, Peng Bi2* 1 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, 2 Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, 3 State Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, 4 Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, China, 5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China, 6 Division of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia OPEN ACCESS * [email protected] (JW); [email protected] (PB) Citation: Wei J, Hansen A, Liu Q, Sun Y, Weinstein P, Bi P (2015) The Effect of Meteorological Variables on the Transmission of Hand, Foot and Mouth Abstract Disease in Four Major Cities of Shanxi Province, China: A Time Series Data Analysis (2009-2013). Increased incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has been recognized as a PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9(3): e0003572. doi:10.1371/ journal.pntd.0003572 critical challenge to communicable disease control and public health response. This study aimed to quantify the association between climate variation and notified cases of HFMD in Editor: Rebekah Crockett Kading, Genesis Laboratories, UNITED STATES selected cities of Shanxi Province, and to provide evidence for disease control and preven- tion. -
Evaluation of Sustainable Development of Resources-Based Cities in Shanxi Province Based on Unascertained Measure
sustainability Article Evaluation of Sustainable Development of Resources-Based Cities in Shanxi Province Based on Unascertained Measure Yong-Zhi Chang and Suo-Cheng Dong * Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-10-64889430; Fax: +86-10-6485-4230 Academic Editor: Marc A. Rosen Received: 31 March 2016; Accepted: 16 June 2016; Published: 22 June 2016 Abstract: An index system is established for evaluating the level of sustainable development of resources-based cities, and each index is calculated based on the unascertained measure model for 11 resources-based cities in Shanxi Province in 2013 from three aspects; namely, economic, social, and resources and environment. The result shows that Taiyuan City enjoys a high level of sustainable development and integrated development of economy, society, and resources and environment. Shuozhou, Changzhi, and Jincheng have basically realized sustainable development. However, Yangquan, Linfen, Lvliang, Datong, Jinzhong, Xinzhou and Yuncheng have a low level of sustainable development and urgently require a transition. Finally, for different cities, we propose different countermeasures to improve the level of sustainable development. Keywords: resources-based cities; sustainable development; unascertained measure; transition 1. Introduction In 1987, the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) proposed the concept of “sustainable development”. In 1996, the first official reference to “sustainable cities” was raised at the Second United Nations Human Settlements Conference, namely, as being comprised of economic growth, social equity, higher quality of life and better coordination between urban areas and the natural environment [1]. -
Chinacoalchem
ChinaCoalChem Monthly Report Issue May. 2019 Copyright 2019 All Rights Reserved. ChinaCoalChem Issue May. 2019 Table of Contents Insight China ................................................................................................................... 4 To analyze the competitive advantages of various material routes for fuel ethanol from six dimensions .............................................................................................................. 4 Could fuel ethanol meet the demand of 10MT in 2020? 6MTA total capacity is closely promoted ....................................................................................................................... 6 Development of China's polybutene industry ............................................................... 7 Policies & Markets ......................................................................................................... 9 Comprehensive Analysis of the Latest Policy Trends in Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Gasoline ........................................................................................................................ 9 Companies & Projects ................................................................................................... 9 Baofeng Energy Succeeded in SEC A-Stock Listing ................................................... 9 BG Ordos Started Field Construction of 4bnm3/a SNG Project ................................ 10 Datang Duolun Project Created New Monthly Methanol Output Record in Apr ........ 10 Danhua to Acquire & -
China's Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations
China’s Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations The modular transfer system between a Type 054A frigate and a COSCO container ship during China’s first military-civil UNREP. Source: “重大突破!民船为海军水面舰艇实施干货补给 [Breakthrough! Civil Ships Implement Dry Cargo Supply for Naval Surface Ships],” Guancha, November 15, 2019 Primary author: Chad Peltier Supporting analysts: Tate Nurkin and Sean O’Connor Disclaimer: This research report was prepared at the request of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission's website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.-China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 113-291. However, it does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission or any individual Commissioner of the views or conclusions expressed in this commissioned research report. 1 Contents Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 4 Methodology, Scope, and Study Limitations ........................................................................................................ 6 1. China’s Expeditionary Operations -
RPD: People's Republic of China: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns
Resettlement Planning Document Updated Resettlement Plan Document Stage: Final Project Number: 42383 January 2011 People’s Republic of China: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project– Youyu County Subproject Prepared by Youyu County Project Management Office (PMO) The updated resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Resettlement Plan Shanxi Small Cities & Towns Development Demonstration Project Resettlement Plan For Youyu County Subproject Youyu County Development and Reform Bureau 30 September, 2008 Shanxi Urban & Rural Design Institute 1 Youyu County ADB Loan Financed Project Management Office Endorsement Letter of Resettlement Plan Youyu County Government has applied for a loan from the ADB to finance the District Heating, Drainage and wastewater network, River improvement, Roads and Water supply Projects. Therefore, the projects must be implemented in compliance with the guidelines and policies of the Asian Development Bank for Social Safeguards. This Resettlement Plan is in line with the key requirements of the Asian Development Bank and will constitute the basis for land acquisition, house demolition and resettlement of the project. The Plan also complies with the laws of the People’s Republic of China, Shanxi Province and Youyu County regulations, as well as with some additional measures and the arrangements for implementation and monitoring for the purpose of achieving better resettlement results. Youyu County ADB Loan Project Office hereby approves the contents of this Resettlement Plan and guarantees the implementation of land acquisition, house demolition, resettlement, compensation and fund budget will comply with this plan. -
People's Republic of China: Shanxi Road Development II Project
Completion Report Project Number: 34097 Loan Number: 1967 August 2008 People’s Republic of China: Shanxi Road Development II Project CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) At Appraisal At Project Completion (14 November 2002) (as of 6 March 2008) CNY1.00 = $0.1208 $0.14047 $1.00 = CNY8.277 CNY7.119 ABBREVIATIONS AADT – average annual daily traffic ADB – Asian Development Bank CSE – chief supervision engineer CSEO – chief supervision engineer office DCSE – deputy chief supervision engineer EIA – environmental impact assessment EIRR – economic internal rate of return FIRR – financial internal rate of return GDP – gross domestic product HDM-4 – highway design and maintenance standards model, version 4 ICB – international competitive bidding IDC – interest and other charges during construction IEE – initial environmental examination IRI – international roughness index MOC – Ministry of Communications NCB – national competitive bidding NTHS – national trunk highway system O&M – operation and maintenance PCR – project completion review PPMS – project performance management system PRC – People’s Republic of China PRIS – poverty reduction impact study PRMP – poverty reduction monitoring program REO – resident engineer office RP – resettlement plan SCD – Shanxi Communications Department SCF – standard conversion factor SEIA – summary environmental impact assessment SEPA – State Environment Protection Administration SFB – Shanxi Finance Bureau SHEC – Shanxi Hou-yu Expressway Construction Company Limited SKCC – Shaanxi Kexin Consultant Company SPG – Shanxi provincial government VOC – vehicle operating cost YWNR – Yuncheng Wetlands Nature Reserve WEIGHTS AND MEASURES mu – A traditional land area measurement, it is equivalent to 666.66 square meters, or 0.1647 acres, or 0.066 of a hectare. m/km – meters per kilometer mg/m3 – milligram per meter cube p.a. -
Best-Performing Cities: China 2018
Best-Performing Cities CHINA 2018 THE NATION’S MOST SUCCESSFUL ECONOMIES Michael C.Y. Lin and Perry Wong MILKEN INSTITUTE | BEST-PERFORMING CITIES CHINA 2018 | 1 Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Laura Deal Lacey, executive director of the Milken Institute Asia Center, Belinda Chng, the center’s director for policy and programs, and Ann-Marie Eu, the Institute’s senior associate for communications, for their support in developing this edition of our Best- Performing Cities series focused on China. We thank the communications team for their support in publication as well as Kevin Klowden, the executive director of the Institute’s Center for Regional Economics, Minoli Ratnatunga, director of regional economic research at the Institute, and our colleagues Jessica Jackson and Joe Lee for their constructive comments on our research. About the Milken Institute We are a nonprofit, nonpartisan think tank determined to increase global prosperity by advancing collaborative solutions that widen access to capital, create jobs, and improve health. We do this through independent, data-driven research, action-oriented meetings, and meaningful policy initiatives. About the Asia Center The Milken Institute Asia Center promotes the growth of inclusive and sustainable financial markets in Asia by addressing the region’s defining forces, developing collaborative solutions, and identifying strategic opportunities for the deployment of public, private, and philanthropic capital. Our research analyzes the demographic trends, trade relationships, and capital flows that will define the region’s future. About the Center for Regional Economics The Center for Regional Economics promotes prosperity and sustainable growth by increasing understanding of the dynamics that drive job creation and promote industry expansion.