DOCSLIB.ORG

© 2015 Sally E. Heinzel

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
© 2015 Sally E. Heinzel © 2015 Sally E. Heinzel LIBERTY PROTECTED BY LAW: RACE, RIGHTS, AND THE CIVIL WAR IN ILLINOIS BY SALLY E. HEINZEL DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2015 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Bruce Levine, Chair Professor Frederick Hoxie Professor David Roediger, University of Kansas Assistant Professor Ronald Gifford, Illinois State University ii Abstract Illinois was a hostile place for free blacks to live before the Civil War. Its racial laws, built on the principles of white supremacy and exclusivity, were among the most restrictive in the antebellum North. Illinois’s legal code discouraged blacks from moving to the state and severely circumscribed the rights of those who did. Yet, only weeks before the Civil War ended, Illinois lawmakers repealed the state’s most oppressive black laws. This dissertation explores how the war destabilized the racial order that white Illinoisans had constructed. It travels from the home front to the frontlines in order to understand the ways civilians and soldiers responded to a war that evolved into an assault on slavery. As Illinois soldiers became willing participants in the process of emancipation, Republicans back at home strove to eliminate the vestiges of slavery by striking down state statutes that denied blacks natural rights and equal protection under the law. iii To my parents, Nancy and Steve iv Acknowledgements It takes a village to write a dissertation. This project never would have made it out infancy without the guidance and support I have received along the way. My advisor, Bruce Levine, deserves credit for setting me on this path. Little did I know that his suggestion to look into the repeal of Illinois’s black laws so many years ago would become the overarching focus of my graduate school years. From my first visit to campus as a prospective student, he has been an outstanding mentor. His encouragement, intellect, and kindness have shaped me as an historian and an individual. He and the rest of my committee— Dave Roediger, Fred Hoxie, and Ron Gifford—have generously given of their time and talents, for which I am deeply grateful. The collaborative and congenial environment of the History Department at Illinois has been a hallmark of my time there. Special thanks go to Simon Appleford, Bao Bui, David Greenstein, and Jay Jordan for their inspiration and moral support. We are fortunate to have such capable office staff who keep the department running. More than once I have been rescued by Tom Bedwell, Shannon Croft, and Elaine Sampson. Many thanks are due to the archivists at the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, Illinois State Archives, Filson Historical Society, and United States Army Heritage and Education Center who have provided invaluable research assistance. I am especially beholden to John Hoffmann, director of the Illinois History and Lincoln Collections here at UIUC. He never failed to amaze me with his breadth of knowledge on Illinois history. My chapter drafts benefitted tremendously from his thoughtful feedback. I have been kept afloat during this process by the generosity of the History Department at UIUC, the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, the Illinois State Historical Society, and the v Illinois Society of the National Society of the Colonial Dames of America. The year I spent as a fellow in the Cultures of Law in Global Contexts Intersect initiative expanded my disciplinary horizons. Thank you to the project leaders— Feisal Mohammed, Dan Shao, and Siobhan Somerville—and the 2013-14 fellows for pushing me into unfamiliar and fertile terrain. Last but certainly not least, I owe an immeasurable debt of gratitude to my family. My long-suffering husband Andrew Hughes has patiently endured the unpleasantness of living with a graduate student for our entire married lives. He always figured out a way to apply twenty-first century solutions to my nineteenth-century problems. The database he built to organize my primary sources has been a beautiful island of order amid a sea of chaos. My daughter Emma Elizabeth was born during the writing of this dissertation. Her arrival spurred me to wrap up this project so I could focus on one of a different nature. Getting to know her has been my greatest joy. My mother-in-law Claudia Hughes gave me the most valuable resource of all—time—by watching Emma so that I could finish writing. She also gave me plenty of the second most valuable resource—coffee—to make sure I actually did. This dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Nancy and Steve. As teachers, their passion for learning instilled in me a lifelong hunger for knowledge. As parents, their outpouring of love and encouragement gave me every advantage in life. Everything I have and will achieve, I owe to them. My mother passed away before I could compete this project, but the boundless support she provided along the way got me to the finish line. When I did research in Springfield, she often accompanied me to the archives and helped sort through stacks of folders. She transcribed dozens of letters and became better than me at reading nineteenth-century handwriting. She proofread everything I sent her way, not once but twice. She did all of this out of a mother’s love, something I am just now beginning to truly understand. I love you, Mom. vi Table of Contents Introduction: The Pendulum of War: Home Front, Politics, and Military ..................................... 1 Chapter 1: “We Can Legislate on Them as We Please”: Racial Borders in Illinois, 1847- 1853 .............................................................................................................................................. 21 Chapter 2: “It Is Not a Black, But a White Question”: Racial Politics on the Eve of the Civil War ...................................................................................................................................... 73 Chapter 3: “Going to Freedom”: Confiscation, Contrabands, and the Swell of Abolition ........ 114 Chapter 4: “There Can Be No Neutrals”: Dissension and Division on the Home Front, 1862 ............................................................................................................................................ 180 Chapter 5: “What Was Commenced as Rebellion Will End in Revolution”: Emancipation and Black Military Service ................................................................................. 239 Chapter 6: “Rights Which White Men Are Bound to Respect”: Towards the End of Slavery and the Repeal of the Black Laws ................................................................................ 295 Epilogue ..................................................................................................................................... 358 Appendix A: Illinois County Map ............................................................................................. 365 Appendix B: County Origins of Illinois Civil War Military Units ............................................ 366 Bibliography .............................................................................................................................. 374 1 Introduction: The Pendulum of War: Home Front, Politics, and Military On an August afternoon in 1859, Felix Morris paid $63 to purchase George Bowlen at a public auction. The buying and selling of human property was a common event throughout the South, but this particular incident attracted national attention. George Bowlen was a free black man, not a slave, and the auction took place at Carrollton, Illinois, a small town fifty miles southwest of the state capital. Bowlen’s crime, for which he was punished with sixteen months of forced labor, was living in the free state of Illinois.1 The statute criminalizing black settlement in Illinois was one example of the discriminatory legislation operating in the state prior to the Civil War. These “black laws” sought to impede blacks from settling in Illinois and subjugated those who did. Marginalized from political and civil life, the small population of blacks in the Prairie State lived without many of the basic legal protections and civil rights enjoyed by free blacks in other northern states. The law in Illinois viewed blacks as foreigners and, unlike European immigrants, denied them a lawful path to citizenship and the privileges associated with it. This changed during the Civil War. Two months before the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, the Illinois general assembly repealed the state’s most extreme black laws, including the prohibition on black immigration. Five years later, a new state constitution removed all references to race. In a very short span of time, the legal barriers that excluded blacks from participation in civic and political life weakened. Although racial discrimination in 1 Carrollton Press, reprinted in the Illinois State Journal, August 29, 1859; New York Herald, September 9, 1859; Boston (MA) Traveler, September 10, 1859; Alexandria (VA) Gazette, September 14, 1859; Charleston (SC) Courier, September 14, 1859; and Providence (RI) Evening Press, September 8, 1859. Spellings of the last names vary, with some accounts identifying those involved as Felix Morton and George Bowlin. 2 various forms persisted throughout Reconstruction and beyond, the war had produced a new understanding of freedom in Illinois. This dissertation tells the story of how
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Riots, Public Perception and Government Response in the Civil
    Law and Lawlessness: Government Response to Riots in Southern Cities during the Civil War Erik Lorenz HIST-497: Research Methods in History October 29, 2020 1 Introduction “There are lamp posts and rope enough to cure this worse than treason—and the remedy will be supplied by an outraged people.”1 This ominous observation was made in a poster which some disgruntled citizen posted in a public place in Mobile, Alabama before May 9th, 1863. The sentiment described could have been articulated by upset citizens in many urban centers during the Civil War. In the wartime South, cities were often the scene of violent crowd passions. From outrage over food prices to violent political passions, moments of lawlessness swept through cities, raising questions over the role government played in leading to those riots and how they dealt with such moments of lawlessness. Historians of riots in southern cities during the Civil War have focused on bread riots in particular and their characteristics, causes and gendered elements. Andrew Smith’s Starving the South: How the North Won the Civil War predictably argues that hunger was the deciding factor in the Civil War.2 Smith covers Northern and Southern agricultural production before the war, the impact of the Confederate cotton embargo, the reasons the Confederacy failed to grow more food over the course of the war, and touches on the Confederate government response to food scarcity. In his chapter on the Confederate bread riots, Smith gives a broad overview of their characteristics, causes and gendered elements. He recounts the events of various riots while largely focusing on the Richmond riot.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin University Publications
    Eastern Illinois University The Keep Eastern Illinois University Bulletin University Publications 4-12-1961 Bulletin 234 - Coles County in the Civil War 1861-1865 Eastern Illinois University Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/eiu_bulletin Recommended Citation Eastern Illinois University, "Bulletin 234 - Coles County in the Civil War 1861-1865" (1961). Eastern Illinois University Bulletin. 74. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/eiu_bulletin/74 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the University Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Eastern Illinois University Bulletin by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Coles County In The Civil War 1861-1865 DEDICATION "Coles County in the Civil War" IS DEDICATED TO DR. CHARLES HUBERT COLEMAN in recognition of his scholarship in the Civil War field and the great respect accorded him by fellow Lincoln scholars, former students and friends everywhere. Table Of Contents Coles County In The Civil War ------------------------------- 5 Coles County's Contribution To The War Effort --------------- 5 Brief Histories Of The Infantry And Cavalry Regiments In Which Coles County Men Served ____________ 24 Battle Of Atlanta (Letters Of James A. Connolly) ____________ 47 A Charleston Company Goes To War ------------------------- 63 Roster Of Company C, 8th Illinois Regiment ------------------- 74 The Charleston Riot ----------------------------------------- 78 = Cover Picture Description The cover picture is of the color bearers of the Seventh Regiment of Illinois Volunteers. Illinois raised six regiments in the Mexican War. Out of deference to these, the numbers of the Civil War regiments started with seven.
    [Show full text]
  • Interurban Roundtable
    Interurban Roundtable Lincoln Prairie Grass Trail Beautification Development Plan City of Charleston City of Mattoon 520 Jackson Avenue 208 N 19th Street Charleston, IL 61920 Mattoon, IL 61938 Steve Pamperin, City Planner Dean Barber, P.E. Public Works Director (217) 345-5650 (217) 235-5654 [email protected] [email protected] 2017 Beautification Development Plan CONTENTS Introduction and Background ……………………………………………………………………….…………………………..……. 1 Lincoln Prairie Grass Trail Plan Summary …………………………………………………………………………………..……. 6 Section 1: General Considerations …………………………………………………………..………………………………..……… 7 Section 2: Site Specific Improvements [East of Loxa Road / City of Charleston] …………………………….… 19 Page 1 Lincoln Prairie Grass Trail INTRODUCTION Purpose Statement The City of Charleston and the City of Mattoon (in Coles County) are in the process of working with the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) through an Illinois Transportation Enhancement Program (ITEP) grant to make improvements to the Lincoln Prairie Grass Trail that connects the 2 cities. The trail is currently a mostly crushed limestone trail, but the ITEP grant would be used to pave the trail with asphalt and will connect the Amtrak Train Station in Mattoon with Eastern Illinois University in Charleston. As Phase 2 of this Lincoln Prairie Grass trail improvement project, the cities are formulating a “beautification development plan” for the entire trail which includes cultural, natural, historical and recreational improvements to make the trail a transportation “experience”; while still performing its multi-modal function. BACKGROUND Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act / Federal Program Funds (1994) In February 1994, the cities of Charleston and Mattoon were awarded Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act “ISTEA” funds ($511,200) for the construction of a crushed limestone "Lincoln Prairie Grass Trail" which was completed and currently exists between the two cities.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Essays by Dr. Charles Coleman Charles H
    Eastern Illinois University The Keep Eastern Illinois University Bulletin University Publications 5-1962 Historical Essays by Dr. Charles Coleman Charles H. Coleman Eastern Illinois University Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/eiu_bulletin Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Coleman, Charles H., "Historical Essays by Dr. Charles Coleman" (1962). Eastern Illinois University Bulletin. 237. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/eiu_bulletin/237 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the University Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Eastern Illinois University Bulletin by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HISTORICAL ESSAYS BY CHARLES H. COLEMAN, Ph.D. Historical Essays by CHARLES H. COLE1\1AN Department of History Eastern Illinois University Charleston, Illinois 1962 EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY BULLETIN May Special Number 1962 Regularly published six times a year (January, April, July, Sep­ tember, October, and November), by Eastern Illinois University and edited by Division of Regional Services, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois. This number is a special edition by the History Department. Charles H. Coleman FOREWORD Texas has produced many notable personalities; I should like to add to that list the name of Charles Hubert Coleman, to whom this issue of the University Bulletin is dedicated. Charlie came from a family that suffered from writer's itch: his grandfather, his father, and his mother were all authors of books. His father felt that he had missed much in life because he was not clever with tools, and for that reason he determined that his son should not suffer from that same handicap.
    [Show full text]
  • Northwest Ohio Political Sentiment During the Civil War
    NORTHWEST OHIO POLITICAL SENTIMENT DURING THE CIVIL WAR Brian Yager A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2016 Committee: Michael Brooks, Advisor Dwayne Beggs © 2016 Brian Yager All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Michael Brooks, Advisor This thesis explores the political sentiment of Northwest Ohio during the Civil War. First, it explores the relevant literature pertaining to the political environment in the Union. Next, it examines Northwest Ohio newspapers’ election coverage for the following elections: 1860 presidential election, 1863 gubernatorial election, and 1864 presidential election. For each of these elections, the newspaper coverage is compared to the election results in order to better understand the political attitudes of Northwest Ohioans. The study finds that a conflict of visions existed between the two major political parties, which did not cease in a time of war. Additionally, it reveals that Northwest Ohio differed from other parts of the Union because it was a racially conscious society and a slight majority approved of the war to end the rebellion. iv For My Parents v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS A special thanks to the committee members on my thesis, Dr. Michael Brooks and Dr. Dwayne Beggs, for their valuable time and advice, which this thesis would not be possible without them. Both of them have provided much appreciated feedback and suggestions, especially for writing style. I would also like to thank Dr. Rebecca Mancuso whose term paper assignment in her Local History course inspired me to explore Civil War political sentiment at the local level.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography Archival Sources American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts Cheever Family Papers E. S. Bird Memorial Library, Special Collections, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York George Peck Papers Manuscripts Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Ulysses S. Grant Papers Andrew Johnson Papers John P. Newman Papers Matthew Simpson Papers George J. Mitchell Department of Special Collections & Archives, Bowdoin College Library, Brunswick, Maine Oliver Otis Howard Papers Presbyterian Historical Society, Philadelphia Albert Barnes Papers Henry A. Boardman Papers Phineas D. Gurley Papers Herrick Johnson Papers Alexander T. McGill Papers Published Personal Papers Basler, Roy P., ed. The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln. 9 vols. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1953–55. Blassingame, John W., and John R. McKivigan, eds. The Frederick Douglass Papers, Series One: Speeches, Debates, and Interviews. 5 vols. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1979–92. Foner, Philip S., ed. The Life and Writings of Frederick Douglass. 5 vols. New York: International, 1950–55. Graf, LeRoy P., Ralph Haskins, Paul H. Bergeron, et al., eds. The Papers of Andrew Johnson. 16 vols. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1967–. Sears, Stephen W., ed. The Civil War Papers of George B. McClellan: Selected Correspondence, 1860–1865. New York: Ticknor and Fields, 1989. Simon, John Y., ed. The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. 28 vols. Carbondale: University of Southern Illinois Press, 1967–. Serial Publications American Presbyterian and Theological Review American Presbyterian Review Atlantic Monthly Baptist Quarterly Biblical Repertory and Princeton Review Christian Recorder Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Harper’s Weekly Methodist Quarterly Review National Baptist Presbyterian Quarterly and Princeton Review Principia Principia and National Era New Englander and Yale Review New York Evangelist New York Independent New York Times North American Review Zion’s Herald Miscellaneous Printed Primary Sources Abbe, Frederic Randolph.
    [Show full text]
  • Straddling the Color Line: Social and Political Power of African American Elites in Charleston, New Orleans, and Cleveland, 1880-1920
    Straddling the Color Line: Social and Political Power of African American Elites in Charleston, New Orleans, and Cleveland, 1880-1920 A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Kim M. Carey May, 2013 Dissertation written by Kim M. Carey B.S.S., Ohio University 1999 M.A., Cleveland State University, 2002 M.L.I.S., Kent State University, 2003 Ph.D., Kent State university, 2013 Approved by Dr. Elizabeth M. Smith-Pryor, Associate Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Professor Committee Members, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Dr. Leonne Hudson, Associate Professor Dr. Willie Harrell, Associate Professor Dr. Karen Sotiropoulos, Associate Professor Dr. Carla Goar, Associate Professor Accepted by Dr. Kenneth Bindas Chair, Department of History Dr. Raymond Craig Associate Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii Acknowledgements This dissertation first began to take shape during my first semester of graduate school. The more I read about African American elites, the more I began to question the idea that they were powerless in a white dominated society. Although it was true that the vast majority of African Americans had very little control over the circumstances of their lives, the same was true for the vast majority of poor and immigrant white people during the last decades of the 1800s. I was encouraged by several professors to explore my questions in greater depth during my masters program as well as my doctoral studies. The result was this final academic project that answered some questions, but which provided so many more. I will always be grateful to Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • White Carolinian Manipulation of the Memory of the Hamburg Massacre of 1876 Jenny Heckel Clemson University
    Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 12-2016 Remembering Meriwether: White Carolinian Manipulation of the Memory of the Hamburg Massacre of 1876 Jenny Heckel Clemson University Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Recommended Citation Heckel, Jenny, "Remembering Meriwether: White Carolinian Manipulation of the Memory of the Hamburg Massacre of 1876" (2016). All Theses. 2558. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/2558 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REMEMBERING MERIWETHER: WHITE CAROLINIAN MANIPULATION OF THE MEMORY OF THE HAMBURG MASSACRE OF 1876 ____________________________________________________________ A Thesis Presented to The Graduate School of Clemson University ________________________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts History _______________________________________________________________________ by Jenny Heckel December 2016 ________________________________________________________________________ Accepted by: Dr. Paul Anderson, Committee Chair Dr. Rod Andrew Dr. Vernon Burton ABSTRACT This thesis examines the manipulation of the memory of the Hamburg Massacre of 1876. During the massacre, one white Carolinian and six black Carolinians were killed. Forty years later, in 1916, a monument was erected in North Augusta, South Carolina to honor and remember Mckie Meriwether, who was described as the only person killed during the massacre. The monument does not mention the true horrific history of the white terrorism against black Carolinians. After white Carolinians reclaimed power in the state, they were able to alter the memory of the Hamburg Massacre from a horrific to heroic event.
    [Show full text]
  • Portland Daily Press: September 9, 1876
    PORTLAND DAILY ESTABLISHED JUNE 23, 1862.---TOL. 14. PORTLAND, SATURDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 9. 1876. TEEMS $8.00 PER ANNUM, IN ^ ADVANCE. THE PORTLAND DAILY PRESS, The First District. As to the enforcement of the United Democratic Success WANTS. BOARD. past means a war upon THE PRESS. The District have States the Republicans of tlie First election law we have never heard that the public credit, tbo Published every day (Sundays excepted) by repudiation of a pledge a very serious question before them. It is no any legal voter was from to restore honest SATURDAY MOIiNIXG, SEPT. 9, '76 prevented casting money, and a re-establish- PORTLAND PtBLlSHING CO., ! less than the difference between a and one ballot for whomsoever he ment of WANTED BOARDERS. victory chose. The Southern influence in oar national At 109 Portland. a defeat in the Maine election of 1876. If law was enacted to Exchange St., prevent wholesale frauds affairs. It means the probable sncceie of a Year in advance. Tc as servants in from one in the TebM8: Eight Dollars and wife without children, District Maine goes a man who upon ballot box when members of Con- measures to pay bonds in Seven Dollars a Year it in ad- Man to understand care of government green- mail subscribers paid AMANthe country. horses, Fine large Furnished £Rooms will act and are ca- fronting vote with the united South lu all gress chosen. vance. cows, poultry, &c ; woman to be a good cook and backs, and to flood the with an irre- south, on flr*t and Recoud floor·, to let with country pable of doing general housework.
    [Show full text]
  • New Perspectives on Antiwar Dissent in the American Civil War
    University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations December 2020 Houses Divided: New Perspectives on Antiwar Dissent in the American Civil War Mark Ciccone University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Ciccone, Mark, "Houses Divided: New Perspectives on Antiwar Dissent in the American Civil War" (2020). Theses and Dissertations. 2481. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/2481 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HOUSES DIVIDED: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON ANTIWAR DISSENT IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR by Mark Ciccone A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee December 2020 ABSTRACT HOUSES DIVIDED: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON ANTIWAR DISSENT IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR by Mark Ciccone The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2020 Under the Supervision of Professor Lex Renda Since the conclusion of the American Civil War, antiwar dissent in the Union and the Confederacy has predominantly been viewed through the lens of political treason alone, with limited exploration of other factors—judicial, social, economic, personal—which motivated its expression. Both explicitly and implicitly, the individuals and movements that advocated peaceful negotiations to end the conflict, or protested what they viewed as illegitimate or unjust war policies enacted by Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Coles County in the Civil War 1861-1865 Charles H
    Eastern Illinois University The Keep Eastern Illinois University Bulletin University Publications 7-1-1965 Bulletin 257 - Coles County in the Civil War 1861-1865 Charles H. Coleman Eastern Illinois University Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/eiu_bulletin Part of the Military History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Coleman, Charles H., "Bulletin 257 - Coles County in the Civil War 1861-1865" (1965). Eastern Illinois University Bulletin. 236. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/eiu_bulletin/236 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the University Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Eastern Illinois University Bulletin by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEDICATION "Coles County in the Civil War" IS DEDICATED TO DR. CHARLES HUBERT COLEMAN in recognition of his scholarship in the Civil War field and the great respect accorded him by fellow Lincoln scholars, former students and friends everywhere. Table Of Contents Coles County In The Civil War ------------------------------- 5 Coles County's Contribution To The War Effort --------------- 5 Brief Histories Of The Infantry And Cavalry Regiments In Which Coles County Men Served ------------ 24 Battle Of Atlanta (Letters Of James A. Connolly) ------------ 47 A Charleston Company Goes To War ------------------------- 63 Roster Of Company C, 8th Illinois Regiment ------------------- 74 The Charleston Riot ----------------------------------------- 78 Cover Picture Description The cover picture is of the color bearers of the Seventh Regiment of Illinois Volunteers. Illinois raised six regiments in the Mexican War. Out of deference to these, the numbers of the Civil War regiments started with seven.
    [Show full text]
  • Commemorating the Charleston Riot: Memory, Memorial, and Monetary Modernity*
    Commemorating the Charleston Riot: Memory, Memorial, and Monetary Modernity* Alex Scalise ommemoration is a difficult task for public historians C because it is tied to broader American cultural values and beliefs. Yet, with an abundance of so many different races, ethnicities, and ideologies, whose collective history should be remembered and memorialized? Historian David Thelen attempts to make clear the relationship between memory and history in “Memory and American History.” In the article, he connects historical study to individual and collective memory. He believes “the social dimensions of memory are more important than the need to verify accuracy.” But, whose historical interpretation is accurate? In a survey conducted with historian Roy Rosenzweig, concerning the uneasy link between memory and historical accuracy, Thelen states that, “in each construction of a memory, people…reorganize details from the past in an active and subjective way.” Individuals tend to recall their memories as truths, pitting them against the recollections of others. Also, most respondents preferred an interactive and collaborative approach to history. Particularly, the respondents prefer “to see history making as a more Alex Scalise, from Mokena, Illinois, earned his BA in history with a minor in anthropology in spring 2014. “Commemoration of the Charleston Riot: Memory, Memorial, and Monetary Modernity” was written for Dr. Debra Reid's Public History: Meaning and Method course in the fall of 2013. His paper was also featured in the Charleston Riot commemorations on campus this year. *This article contains no footnotes, as it was designed to use an annotated bibliography of the works central to its argument, and to discuss those works within the text, without using citations.
    [Show full text]