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Roles of C1A Peptidases During Barley Leaf Senescence Mediated by Abiotic Stresses

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Roles of C1A Peptidases During Barley Leaf Senescence Mediated by Abiotic Stresses UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA, ALIMENTARIA Y DE BIOSISTEMAS (CENTRO DE BIOTECNOLOGÍA Y GENÓMICA DE PLANTAS) Roles of C1A peptidases during barley leaf senescence mediated by abiotic stresses TESIS DOCTORAL BLANCA VELASCO ARROYO Licenciada en Ciencias Ambientales 2017 Departamento de Biotecnología y Biología Vegetal ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA, ALIMENTARIA Y DE BIOSISTEMAS CENTRO DE BIOTECNOLOGÍA Y GENÓMICA DE PLANTAS (CBGP, UPM-INIA) UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Tesis Doctoral Roles of C1A peptidases during barley leaf senescence mediated by abiotic stresses Autor: Blanca Velasco Arroyo, Licenciada en Ciencias Ambientales Directores: Isabel Díaz Rodríguez, Catedrática de Universidad Manuel Martínez Muñoz, Profesor Titular de Universidad 2017 UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Tribunal nombrado por el Magfco. y Excmo. Sr. Rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, el día de de 20 . Presidente: Secretario: Vocal: Vocal: Vocal: Suplente: Suplente: Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de Tesis el día de de 20 en el Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA). EL PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO ACKNOWDLEDGMENTS This Thesis has been performed in the Plant-Insect Interaction laboratory of “Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP UPM-INIA)”. This work has been supported by the Spanish “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)” through a grant “Formación del Personal Investigador (BES- 2012-051962)” associated to the project AGL2011-23650. My stay in the Centre for Plant Sciences at the Faculty of Biology, Leeds University (United Kingdom), was possible thanks to the fellowship for short stays granted by MINECO (EEBB-I-15-09251). My stay in the “Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE; UNLP-CONICET)” in La Plata, (Argentina), was possible thanks to the fellowship for short stays granted by MINECO (EEBB-I-16-11230) and to the “Premio a Jóvenes Excelentes 2015” granted by “Fundación Caja Burgos”. I greatly acknowledge Prof. Christine Foyer for bringing me the possibility to work in the “Redox Homeostasis, Signalling and Responses to Stress” group at the Centre for Plant Sciences in Leeds, learning new concepts and techniques and enjoying a wonderful experience. I greatly acknowledge Dr. Juan José Guiamet for bringing me the possibility to work in the “Aspectos bioquímicos, moleculares y celulares del desarrollo de plantas” group at INFIVE, in la Plata, learning new concepts and techniques and enjoying a wonderful experience. Likewise, I greatly acknowledge Dra. Lorenza Costa who patientlly guided me along this great stay, providing me with all information and methodologies. I would like to especially acknowledge my thesis supervisors, Prof. Isabel Díaz and Manuel Martínez, and all the Plant-Insect Interaction group members for training, technical assistance and helpful discussion. VII AGRADECIMIENTOS Cuando hace ya varios años empecé en el laboratorio a veces me preguntaba a mí misma cuántos días duraría una experta en Agroalimentación y Medio Ambiente en un ámbito tan nuevo para mí en aquel entonces como el de la Biología Molecular. Y digamos que precisamente no empecé con buen pie teniendo en cuenta que en mi primera semana hice desaparecer el microondas del laboratorio y casi escaldo a medio personal…Pero mis ganas eran tremendas, muy superiores a mi torpeza inicial. La principal razón de que hoy en día siga en esto se debe, prácticamente en su totalidad, al apoyo incondicional de mis directores. Isabel, tú siempre has depositado confianza en mí y me has sabido guiar cuando realmente necesitaba un ligero toque de atención, lo que me ha ayudado enormemente y me ha hecho madurar, no sólo en lo profesional, sino en lo personal. Gracias por tus reconocimientos y ánimos, y por saber decir las cosas sin reñir, muy pocos líderes cuentan con esa aptitud. Manu, gracias por estar siempre dispuesto a escuchar y a aconsejar. A los dos, os agradezco vuestro apoyo como directores, pero sobre todo aprecio que seáis como sois. Qué suerte tuve al caer en el 121. Y esa suerte no se debió al azar. Lola, tú eres la persona responsable de que yo cayera aquí. Siempre te estaré profundamente agradecida por abrirme de par en par la puerta que me conduciría a desarrollar la oportunidad de mi vida. A Jacinto, siempre tengo un recuerdo cariñoso y agradecido hacia ti. Me enseñaste a ser organizada y meticulosa en el laboratorio y ahora, siempre que enseño a alguien que se incorpora al 121, le digo: ¡esto me lo enseño mi Jacin! Me hiciste reír tremendamente en mis inicios, ¡conserva siempre esa gracia especial que te distingue! A Estrella, tu fuerza, arrojo y energía son admirables. Nunca tienes una queja de cansancio, eres puro esfuerzo y dedicación, por eso vas a conseguir todo lo que te propongas. Calla oh!! Se me olvidaba decir que, por supuesto, gracias por tu ayuda en tantas ocasiones, y mil gracias por tus historias diarias, contadas con esa gracia asturianina, que tanto me han hecho reír. A Ana, mi burgalesa del 121, cómo es el destino, ¿verdad? Nuestras enseñanzas han sido mutuas. Eres una trabajadora como pocas personas he conocido. El orden y limpieza, tan necesarios en una profesión como la nuestra, tienen tu firma con nombre y apellidos en el 121. Gracias Anita, te va a ir fenomenal. ¡¡Y qué Viva Burgos y su clima!!! A Merche, gracias por transmitirme tus conocimientos sobre proteínas, por tu paciencia durante horas con los cientos de western, por interesarte sobre mi estado de inquietud e incertidumbre cada vez que salía de la cámara oscura…`Pues parece que aquí se intuye una banda, ¿no?´ Y gracias por tu ayuda y consejos en muchos otros momentos, te deseo toda la suerte del mundo con todos tus proyectos profesionales y personales. Al resto de los miembros del 121: Pablo, gracias por tu paciencia en la sala de microscopía y por tus acertadas hipótesis sobre varios de mis resultados; Andrea, aunque nos conocemos hace poquito, te deseo lo mejor en esta tesis, le pones mucho esfuerzo e ilusión y te va a ir muy bien, todo mi ánimo y apoyo de cualquier índole; a los que hace tiempo os marchasteis, Inés, Isra, os recuerdo con cariño y os agradezco vuestra ayuda a lo largo de varios momentos iniciales de esta tesis. A Ana Laureano, ¡qué viva tu alegría!. Y a Miguelín, por favor no cambies nunca. Pocas personas tan transparentes como tú he conocido a lo largo de mi vida. Suerte a todos chicos. Y por supuesto, a Josico (José o José Domingo, como prefieras): mi compañero de “sentadillas” para hacer fotos de buena calidad en el módulo de transgénicos durante tu etapa en el 121, y, durante el día a día, mi compañero de comidas en el Centro de Empresas, ¡cómo nos gusta el buen comer y el paseíllo diario! Ana, nos abandonaste en este momento tan IX necesario para recuperar energías para las largas tardes de poyata. Esperamos reincorporación próxima. A la gente tan maja que he conocido en el CBGP, Laura Carrillo, Bea y Marta, Ana Castro, Marcela y Manuel, Jan. Y en especial a mi colombianita, “Pío”, la distancia no ha conseguido romper nuestra amistad. Y a muchos otros que me dejo en el tintero pero que también han conformado momentos de mi historia personal en este Centro, perdonad que no os nombre a todos. A Teresa, Dani y Viky, por ayudarme tanto durante mi estancia en Leeds. Compañeros y amigos. A Alicia, te convertiste en tres meses en una de mis mejores amigas, mi gran cariño hacia Argentina se debe a ti. Gracias, gracias y mil veces gracias. A Celes, Flavia y Lu, y al resto de los chicos del INFIVE, Santi, Pepe y los demás. A todos mis burgaleses, presentes o esparcidos por el mundo, en especial a Emma, no cambies nunca tu manera de pensar y estar en la vida, te admiro. A Rosa, otra de las mejores personas que conozco, gracias por ser tan buena. A Nachete, serio y divertido como pocos. A los dos, ánimo con esas oposiciones, lo conseguiréis. A mis amigas de la infancia, siempre juntas en tantas aventuras por nuestra preciosa tierra: Sofi, Cris y Laura. A mis amigos de Agrícolas, en especial Pili, ánimo preciosa. A mis amigos de Ambientales y de mi etapa en Salamanca, en especial a mis niñas: Vir, Lu, Lau, Nazita y Paula. ¡Ay mi Vir!, qué abandonada te he tenido este año. Prometo visita con las chicas a Tenerife. Os quiero y sois de lo mejor que me ha pasado, por tantos momentos compartidos. A mi prima y mejor amiga, María. Eres madura, buena y luchadora como poca gente de tu edad. Vas a conseguir lo que quieras, ya lo verás. A mis hermanos, Lidia, Gonzalo y Quique. En parte soy como soy gracias a la niñez tan feliz que pasé al tener hermanos mayores. Lidia, además de mi hermana, mi confidente y amiga. Os quiero por igual a los tres. A mi abuela, en muy poquito tiempo cumples un siglo, ¡qué afortunados de vivirlo a tu lado y qué bien te sienta el paso de los años Tita! Me siento afortunada por tener un libro vivo de historia, con tantas vivencias y tan bien explicado con tu potente chorro de voz. A mis padres, me habéis transmitido la pasión por la cultura, la naturaleza, el viajar, el buen comer y el saber dialogar en cualquier contexto, primando la escucha a la alabanza propia. Vosotros me lo habéis consentido todo pero con la mesura, la rectitud y el cariño que me han permitido llegar a ser lo que soy. Gracias por dejarme siempre elegir, por aguantar mis fallos, por alabar todos mis logros y por enseñarme el valor del esfuerzo.
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