The Geography of Gardening the Geography of Gardening
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Introduction to Short-Season Gardening in Idaho by Stephen L
SHORT-SEASON, HIGH-ALTITUDE GARDENING BULLETIN 857 Introduction to short-season gardening in Idaho by Stephen L. Love, Kathy Noble, and Stuart Parkinson INTRODUCTION Many of us who garden in Idaho face the challenges brought on by lack of summer warmth, spring and fall frost, extreme winter cold, or desiccation from frequent wind. Growing beautiful and productive plants in the high CONTENTS desert or mountain regions of Idaho requires unique approaches and an attention to detail that are rarely discussed in popular garden guides. INTRODUCTION . 1 DEFINING THE SHORT-SEASON, HIGH-ALTITUDE This publication introduces the Short-Season/High-Altitude Gardening series ZONE . 1 specifically designed to provide effective, comprehensive ideas for gardening IDAHO’S THREE SHORT-SEASON CLIMATES . 2 where Idaho’s unique combination of extreme climate, weather, geology, and NUANCES OF MICROCLIMATE . 4 Rural vs. Urban . 4 geography presents obstacles to successful gardening. Subsequent publications Slope and Aspect . 4 provide details on managing specific kinds of plants in the short-season garden. Local Weather Patterns . 4 DEFINING THE SHORT-SEASON, HIGH-ALTITUDE ZONE The Short-Season/High-Altitude Gardening series is for gardeners living within Idaho’s harshest climates, specifically those rated USDA hardiness YOU ARE A SHORT-SEASON, HIGH-ALTITUDE GARDENER IF: zone 4 or colder, situated at an elevation above 4,500 feet, or with a frost- free period of fewer than 110 days. Although many locales throughout the You live in Idaho at an elevation above 4,500 feet, OR state experience these conditions, they are most common in the upper Snake Your USDA hardiness zone is 4 or lower, OR River Valley, the southeastern and southern highlands, the high deserts north You have a frost-free growing season of 110 days or less of the Snake River, the central mountains, and the coldest valley and moun- tain locations in the northern panhandle. -
Manipulation of Benzyl Acetate and Jasmone Content of Jasminum Sambac L
AsPac J. Mol. Biol.Biol. Biotechnol. Biotechnol. 2015 Vol. 23 (1), 2015 253 Vol. 23 (1) : 253-256 Methods: Manipulation of Benzyl Acetate and Jasmone Content of Jasminum sambac L. Using Modified Murashige and Skoog Medium on Callus Explant Dwie Retna Suryaningsih*, Sri Arijanti Prakoeswa and Ribkahwati Faculty of Agriculture, University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Received 3rd February 2015/ Accepted 30th June 2015 Abstract. Jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.) is a flowering plant that grows in shrub form. Jasmine flowers have been extensively used as ornamental and for the production of fragrances, flowers, tea and essential oils. The amount of essential oil that can be collected from jasmine petals is very small relative to the material required, but is valued as the raw material for natural perfume and aromatherapy treatments. This study attempted to improve propagation from explant to manipulate essential jasmine oil production. Modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, produced from carbohydrate precursor compounds (MS + 20 % fructose, MS + 20 % glucose and MS + 20 % sucrose), was used to produce explants from young leaves and calluses. Essential oil (benzyl acetate and jasmine) content was highest in jasmine explant calluses grown on MS + 20 % sucrose. The content of benzyl acetate reached 1.27 % and jasmone content reached 1.15 % in 12 weeks old calluses. Keywords: Benzyl acetate, Explant, Jasminum sambac L., Jasmone, Precursor. INTRODUCTION Jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.) is an ornamental plant metabolites induced from calluses can be improved by extensively used in perfumery and religious purposes, a shrub changing the content of the components in the tissue herb which produces white flowers with a very pleasant culture medium or by adding precursor compounds into the fragance (Davallo, 2014). -
Phytophthora Ramorum Sudden Oak Death Pathogen
NAME OF SPECIES: Phytophthora ramorum Sudden Oak Death pathogen Synonyms: Common Name: Sudden Oak Death pathogen A. CURRENT STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION I. In Wisconsin? 1. YES NO X 2. Abundance: 3. Geographic Range: 4. Habitat Invaded: 5. Historical Status and Rate of Spread in Wisconsin: 6. Proportion of potential range occupied: II. Invasive in Similar Climate YES NO X Zones United States: In 14 coastal California Counties and in Curry County, Oregon. In nursery in Washington. Canada: Nursery in British Columbia. Europe: Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Poland, Spain, France, Belgium, and Sweden. III. Invasive in Similar Habitat YES X NO Types IV. Habitat Affected 1. Habitat affected: this disease thrives in cool, wet climates including areas in coastal California within the fog belt or in low- lying forested areas along stream beds and other bodies of water. Oaks associated with understory species that are susceptible to foliar infections are at higher risk of becoming infected. 2. Host plants: Forty-five hosts are regulated for this disease. These hosts have been found naturally infected by P. ramorum and have had Koch’s postulates completed, reviewed and accepted. Approximately fifty-nine species are associated with Phytophthora ramorum. These species are found naturally infected; P. ramorum has been cultured or detected with PCR but Koch’s postulates have not been completed or documented and reviewed. Northern red oak (Quercus rubra) is considered an associated host. See end of document for complete list of plant hosts. National Risk Model and Map shows susceptible forest types in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. -
NEW PLANT SELECTIONS for 2021 ANNUALS Year of the Sunflower the Sunflower Is One of the Most Popular Genera of Flowers to Grow in Your Garden
NEW PLANT SELECTIONS FOR 2021 ANNUALS Year of the Sunflower The Sunflower is one of the most popular genera of flowers to grow in your garden. First-time to experienced gardeners gravitate to these bold, easy to grow flowers. Sunflowers originated in the Americas and domestic seeds dating back to 2100 BC have been found in Mexico. Native Americans grew sunflowers as a crop, and explorers eventually brought the flowers to Europe in the 1500s. Over the next few centuries, sunflowers became increasingly popular on the European and Asian continent, with Russian farmers growing over 2 million acres in the early 19th century (most of which was used to manufacture sunflower oil). How to Grow and Care for Sunflowers: Sunflower seeds can be direct sown after the risk of frost has passed or started indoors. Seeds should be sown ¼” to ½” deep and kept moist. Taller, larger sunflower varieties have a large taproot to keep them rooted and do not do well when they are transplanted so direct sowing of those varieties is recommended. Choose a site, or a container, in full sun, with average fertility and good drainage. https://ngb.org/year-of-the-sunflower/ Proven Winners 2021 Annual of the Year – Supertunia Mini Vista® Pink Star Meet the newest star in our annual lineup! Take a closer look at Supertunia Mini Vista® Pink Star petunia to find ideas for incorporating it into your garden and learn what it needs to thrive. There’s no denying the popularity of Supertunia Vista® Bubblegum® petunia, and we know you are going to love her “little sister” – Supertunia Mini Vista® Pink Star. -
Tasmannia Lanceolata
ASPECTS OF LEAF AND EXTRACT PRODUCTION from Tasmannia lanceolata by Chris Read, B. Agr.Sc. Tas. Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Tasmania, Hobart December 1995 ' s~, ... ~~ \ ·'(11 a_C\14 \t\J. \I ' This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any University, and to the best of my knowledge, contains no copy or paraphrase of material previously written or published by any other person except where due reference is given in the text. University of Tasmania HOBART March 1996 This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968 University of Tasmania HOBART March 1996 Abstract This thesis examines several aspects of the preparation, extraction and analysis of solvent soluble compounds from leaf material of Tasmannia lanceolata and reports a preliminary survey of extracts of some members of the natural population of the species in Tasmania. A major constituent of these extracts, polygodial, was shown to be stored within specialised idioblastic structures scattered throughout the mesophyll, and characterised by distinctive size and shape, and a thickened wall. The contents of these cells were sampled directly, analysed and compared with the composition of extracts derived from ground, dry whole leaf. This result was supported by spectroscopic analysis of undisturbed oil cells in whole leaf tissue. In a two year field trial, the progressive accumulation of a number of leaf extract constituents (linalool, cubebene, caryophyllene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, cadina-1,4 - diene, aristolone and polygodial) during the growth flush was followed by a slow decline during the subsequent dormant season. -
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S. M. El Naggar & N. Sawady Pollen Morphology of Malvaceae and its taxonomic significance in Yemen Abstract El Naggar, S. M. & Sawady N.: Pollen Morphology of Malvaceae and its taxonomic signifi- cance in Yemen. — Fl. Medit. 18: 431-439. 2008. — ISSN 1120-4052. The pollen morphology of 20 species of Malvaceae growing in Yemen was investigated by light (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The studied taxa belong to 9 genera and three different tribes. These taxa are: Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus trionum, H. micranthus, H. deflersii, H. palmatus, H. vitifolius, H. rosa-sinensis, H. ovalifolius, Gossypium hirsutum, Thespesia populnea (L.) Solander ex Correa and Senra incana (Cav.) DC. (Hibiscieae); Malva parviflora and Alcea rosea (Malveae); Abutilon fruticosum, A. figarianum, A. bidentatum, A. pannosum, Sida acuta, S. alba and S. ovata (Abutileae). Pollen shape, size, aperture, exine structure and sculpturing as well as the spine characters proved that they are of high taxonom- ic value. Pollen characters with some other morphological characters are discussed in the light of the recent classification of the family in Yemen. Key words: Malvaceae, Morphology, Yemen. Introduction Malvaceae Juss. (s. str.) is a large family of herbs, shrubs and trees; comprising about 110 genera and 2000 species. It is a globally distributed family with primary concentrations of genera in the tropical and subtropical regions (Hutchinson 1967; Fryxell 1975, 1988 & 1998; Heywood 1993; La Duke & Doeby 1995; Mabberley 1997). Due to the high economic value of many taxa of Malvaceae (Gossypium, Hibiscus, Abelmoschus and Malva), several studies of different perspective have been carried out, such as those are: Edlin (1935), Bates and Blanchard (1970), Krebs (1994a, 1994b), Ray (1995 & 1998), Hosni and Araffa (1999), El Naggar (1996, 2001 & 2004), Pefell & al. -
Hollyhock Rust Caroline Jackson and Josephine Mgbechi-Ezeri
Sample of the week: Hollyhock rust Caroline Jackson and Josephine Mgbechi-Ezeri Have strange orange and brown bumps plagued your flower beds this year? The prolonged cool temperatures and heavy precipitation this spring have allowed fungal pathogens to flourish. Here is one heavy infestation of Hollyhock rust, a disease that is caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia malvacearum. Common hosts include Alcea rosea, (hollyhock), Abutilon spp. (flowering maple), Malvaceae spp. (rose mallow), Figure 1. Yellow spots on upper leaf surface Photo Credit: and common weed mallow. It is Caroline Jackson, University of Missouri Plant Diagnostic Clinic one of the most common diseases of hollyhock. Symptoms of the disease include the yellow to red spots on upper leaf surface, and brown pustules that appear blister-like occur on lower leaf surface and stem. Leaves that are heavily infected often wilt, turn brown and die. This disease is the most common of hollyhock and can spread rapidly from leaf to leaf. The fungus overwinters in the infected plant materials, and in the spring produce spores that are dispersed by wind to initiate infection on new plants. Figure 2. Orange brown pustules on underside of leaf Photo Credit: Caroline Jackson, University of Missouri Plant Diagnostic Clinic For appropriate diagnosis, the MU Plant Diagnostic Clinic can help you confirm if your plant has this disease. Please visit our website http://plantclinic.missouri.edu/ and follow the instructions for collecting, packaging and shipping samples to the clinic. More Resources about Hollyhock Rust: http://www.missouribotanicalgarde n.org/gardens-gardening/your- garden/help-for-the-home- gardener/advice-tips- Figure 3. -
Of 3 Exochorda Simplified Standard Protocol
Exochorda Simplified standard protocol: SSP/EXH/4.rev ___________________________________________________________________ Botanical taxon: Exochorda racemosa (Lindl.) Rehder Common Name (when known): Pearl-bush Date of preparation of SSP: 2008 Date of revision of SSP: 17-10-2021 SSP revised by: W.A. Wietsma Sample to be examined: VEGETATIVE Number of growing cycles: 1 year Closing date for applications: 1/12 Submission date/period: 1/3 - 31/3 Seed/Plant Quantity: 10 young plants Able to show all their characteristics in the first year of examination Special conditions sample: None Test station address: Naktuinbouw, Sotaweg 22, 2371 AA, Roelofarendsveen Name: Team Support Variety Testing Department E-mail: [email protected] List of grouping characteristics: NO, (if yes put as annex) Minimum number of plants in trial: Vegetative: 8 Seed: not appl. Minimum number of plants observed by measuring or counting: Vegetative: 1 Seed: not appl. Give description of when observations on the flower should take place: At full flowering Give description of when/where observations on the leaf should take place: At full flowering Give description of when/where the other observations should take place: At full flowering Test will take place: OUTDOORS Uniformity: A population standard of 1% with an acceptance probability of at least 95%. Number of Off-types allowed: one off-type allowed in a sample size of 10 Table of characteristics: PRESENT (see annex) (if present, please annex the table of characteristics and explanations) Literature: PRESENT (when -
Centre of Arts and Nature
CENTRE OF ARTS AND NATURE EXHIBITIONS AND INSTALLATIONS 04 APRIL 01 NOVEMBER 2015 WWW.DOMAINE-CHAUMONT.FR PHONE. +33(0)254 209 922 VAL DE LOIRE DOMAINE DE CHAUMONT-SUR-LOIRE CONTENTS Introduction Page 3 I. Visual arts Page 5 Centre-Loire Valley Region special commission Page 6 Gabriel Orozco Annual commissions Page 11 Tunga El Anatsui Gerda Steiner and Jörg Lenzlinger Antti Laitinen Christian Lapie Cornelia Konrads II. Photography Page 29 Edward Burtynsky Naoya Hatakeyama Alex MacLean Xavier Zimmermann Jean-Christophe Ballot Melik Ohanian Gérard Rancinan III. Lasting installations Page 45 IV. The Centre of Arts and Nature Page 51 1. A multifaceted mission 2. A range of objectives 3. The Park and Domaine metamorphosed 4. New areas in 2015 5. The Domaine’s key players 6. Major projects 2008 - 2014 7. 2015 Cultural programming V. Useful information Page 61 VI. Selection of visuals available for the press Page 63 1 INTRODUCTION n Domaine de Chaumont’s 2015 programme, fifteen or so new artists, visual artists Iand photographers will be lending their own interpretation to the atmosphere that reigns here. 2015 will mark the second phase in the work of the great Mexican artistGabriel Orozco, who is working on a special commission for the Centre-Loire Valley Region with new, huge and altogether unusual “phantom flowers”, inspired by the old tapestries in the long-abandoned bedrooms of the Château’s princely apartments. Trees and their mysteries will feature prominently in the programme of the Chaumont- sur-Loire Centre of Arts and Nature, with the exceptional “fossilised tree” by renowned Brazilian artistTunga - a magnificent grey and blue marbled stone trunk harking back to the dawn of time, set up in the Stables Indoor Ring - as well as the ”armour” tree knight by Finnish artist Antti Laitinen, and the majestic giant figures by Christian Lapie. -
Amaryllis – Hardy Scientific Name: Hippeastrum Johnsoni Common
Name: Amaryllis – Hardy Scientific name: Hippeastrum johnsoni Common Names: Cluster Amaryllis, Hurricane Lily, Magic Lily, Spider Lily, Stone Garlic. Life Cycle: Hardy bulb. Height: 12 to 36 inches (30 to 90 cm). Native: Asia. Growing Region: Zones 7 to 10. Flowers: Late summer through to autumn. Flower Details: White, red, pink, orange, yellow. Lily- like. Umbel; four to eight flowers. Foliage: Slender. Long. Grow Outside: Usually grown from bulbs or vegetatively propagated plants as seed grown plants can take up to 12 years to bloom. Bulbs: 3 to 8 inches (8 to 20 cm) depending upon species. End of summer Requirements and care: Full sunlight or partial shade. Good drainage. Acidic to neutral soil. Rich soil, moist soil. Regular watering to maintain soil moisture. Requires a feed every two years; do this during the growing season. Propagate: by planting bulblets once blooming has finished. Source: http://www.plant-biology.com/Lycoris-Hardy-Amaryllis.php http://www.brecksbulbs.ca/product/Hardy-Amaryllis-Mixture/Summer_Bulbs Extension programs service people of all ages regardless of socioeconomic level, race, color, sex, religion, disability, or national origin. The Texas A&M University System, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the County Commissioners Courts of Texas Cooperating A member of The Texas A&M University System and its statewide Agriculture Program. Common Name: Artemesia - Powis Castle Botanical name: Artemesiax Powis Castle Plant Type: Perennial Light Requirement: High Water Requirement: Low Hardiness/Zone: 4 - 8 Heat/Drought Tolerance: High Height: 3 ft Width/Spacing: 3ft Flower Color: Yellow Blooming Period: Rarely flowers Plant Form or Habit: Evergreen woody perennial, or shrub Foliage Color and Texture: Leaves are finely dissected like filigreed silver lacework. -
By Susan Shelton Mural Imagery Key Top Section
“Nurturing the Dream” By Susan Shelton Mural Imagery Key Top Section: The quotes reflect the overall theme of the mural: the importance of finding a balance between the work we do as students, workers, activists, and caregivers, and the time needed for reflection, nourishment of the spirit and restoration of strength. The large rectangular tiles on pillars A, B, C, D are inspired by Wangari Maathai’s “I Will be a Hummingbird” story. This folk tale poignantly illustrates the importance of doing one’s best, no matter how insignificant our efforts may feel at times, in the face of a seemingly insurmountable task. Pillars: The mural pillars showcase the conceptual and artistic participation of the students and staff of the Student Community Center, and other members of the university community, who were invited to contribute their suggestions for the imagery featured, and who also participated in painting the individual tiles. The tiles represent the various identities, paths, goals, causes and struggles of the students: academic, social, personal and political. Pillar A: 1. World View: North and South America 2. Wi-Fi Symbol/Connectivity 3. Power Symbol in the Digital Age 4. Hands Holding Seedling: Cultivating Hope/Justice/Stewardship 5. Filipino Sun 6. Irish Symbol: Love, Loyalty and Friendship 7. Love, Pride and Celebration of African Heritage 8. Lotus: Ancient Asian Polyvalent Symbol 9. Raised Fist with Olive Branch: Nonviolent Protest/Activism 10. Study of Astronomy/Astrophysics 11. Study of Enology/Viticulture 12. Study of Music/Music Bringing People Together 13. McNair Scholarship Program 14. Salaam: Peace/Peace Be With You (written in Amharic) 15. -
(12) United States Plant Patent (10) Patent No.: US PP23,329 P3 Ranney (45) Date of Patent: Jan
USOOPP23329P3 (12) United States Plant Patent (10) Patent No.: US PP23,329 P3 Ranney (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 15, 2013 (54) PEARLBUSH PLANT NAMED “BLIZZARD (51) Int. Cl. (50) Latin Name: Exochorda serratifoliaxmacrantha AOIH 5/00 (2006.01) (racemosaxkorolkowi) (52) U.S. Cl. ....................................................... Pt./226 Varietal Denomination: Blizzard (58) Field of Classification Search ................... Plt./226, (75) Inventor: Thomas G. Ranney, Arden, NC (US) PtF263.1 See application file for complete search history. (73) Assignee: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC (US) Primary Examiner — Kent L Bell (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Michael Best & Friedrich patent is extended or adjusted under 35 LLP U.S.C. 154(b) by 110 days. (57) ABSTRACT (21) Appl. No.: 12/927.738 Blizzard is a new pearlbush plant particularly distinguished (22) Filed: Nov. 22, 2010 by its compact habit, Smaller plant height and width, larger (65) Prior Publication Data flower diameter, and larger genome size. US 2012/O13171OP1 May 24, 2012 2 Drawing Sheets 1. 2 Genus and species: Exochorda Serratifoliaxmacrantha 4. A polyploid cytotype with a relative 2C genome size of (racemosaxkorolkowii). approximately 2.2 pg. Variety denomination: Blizzard. DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS BACKGROUND OF THE NEW PLANT 5 This new pearlbush variety is illustrated by the accompa The present invention comprises a new and distinct variety nying photographs which show the plants form, foliage and of Exochorda, botanically known as Exochorda, and herein flowers. The colors shown are as true as can be reasonably after referred to by the variety name Blizzard.