Envelope 1, Document 1

Courtesy of the University of Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/atlas_texas/tex_mex_forces_1836.jpg

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources

Envelope 1, Document 2

Map of the Alamo showing the "Ground plan compiled from drawings by Capt. B. Green Jameson, Texan Army, January, 1826,Col. Ignacio de Labastida, Mexican Army, March, 1836, Capt. Ruben M. Potter, Army, 1841." http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth30285/m1/1/

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/texas-maps-1.htm Envelope 2, Document 3

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources

Defenders of the Alamo - http://www.thealamo.org/history/the-1836-battle/the-defenders/index.html

Envelope 2, Document 4 Juan Abamillo, James W. Garrand, La. James Nowlan, Ireland R. Allen James Girard Garrett, Tenn. George Pagan, Miss. Mills DeForrest Andross, Vermont John E. Garvin Christopher Parker, Miss. Micajah Autry, N.C. John E. Gaston. Ky. William Parks, N.C. Juan A. Badillo, San Antonio James George Richardson Perry Peter James Bailey, Ky. John Camp Goodrich, Tenn. , Mass. Isaac G. Baker, Ark. Albert Calvin Grimes, Ga. John Purdy Reynolds, Pa. William Charles M. Baker, Mo. Jose Maria Guerrero, Laredo, Tex. Thomas H. Roberts John J. Ballentine James C. Gwynne, England James Robertson, Tenn. Richard W. Ballantine, Scotland James Hannum Isaac Robinson, Scotland John J. Baugh, Va John Harris, Ky. James M. Rose, Va. Joseph Bayliss, Tenn. William B. Harrison, Ohio Jackson J. Rusk Ireland John Blair, Tenn. Charles M. Haskell (Heiskell), Tenn. Joseph Rutherford, Ky. Samuel C. Blair, Tenn. Joseph M. Hawkins, Ireland Isaac Ryan, La. William Blazeby, England John M. Hays, Tenn. Mial Scurlock, N.C. James Butler Bonham, S.C. Patrick Henry Herndon, Va. Marcus L. Sewell, England Daniel Bourne, England William D. Hersee, England Manson Shied, Ga. , Tenn Tapley Holland, Ohio Cleveland Kinlock Simmons, S.C. Jesse B. Bowman Samuel Holloway, Pa. Andrew H. Smith, Tenn. George Brown, England William D. Howell, Mass. Charles S. Smith, Md. James Brown, Pa. Thomas Jackson, Ireland Joshua G. Smith, N.C. Robert Brown William Daniel Jackson, Ireland William H. Smith James Buchanan, Ala. Green B. Jameson, Ky. Richard Starr, England Samuel E. Burns, Ireland Gordon C. Jennings, Conn. James E. Stewart, England George D. Butler, Mo Damacio Jimenes, Tex. Richard L. Stockton, Va. Robert Campbell, Tenn. Lewis Johnson, Wales A. Spain Summerlin Tenn John Cane, Pa. William Johnson, Pa. William E. Summers Tenn William R. Carey, Va. John Jones, N.Y William D. Sutherland, Ala. Charles Henry Clark, Mo Johnnie Kellog Edward Taylor, Tenn. M.B. Clark James Kenney, Va. George Taylor, Tenn. #5 Daniel William Cloud, Ky. Andrew Kent, Ky. James Taylor, Tenn. Robert E. Cochran, N.J. Joseph Kerr, La. William Taylor, Tenn. George Washington Cottle, Tenn. George C. Kimball (Kimble), N.Y. B. Archer M. Thomas, Ky. Henry Courtman, Germany William P. King Henry Thomas, Germany Lemuel Crawford, S.C. William Irvine Lewis, Va. Jesse G. Thompson, Ark. David Crockett, Tenn. William J. Lightfoot, Va. John W. Thomson, N.C. Robert Crossman, Mass. Jonalhan L. Lindley, IL. John M. Thruston, Pa. David P. Cummings, Pa. , Mass. Burke Trammel, Ireland Robert Cunningham, N.Y. Jose Toribio Losoya, San Antonio William Barret Travis, S.C. Jacob C. Darst, Ky. George Washington Main, Va. George W. Tumlinson, Mo. John Davis, Ky. William T. Malone, Va. James Tylee, N.Y. Freeman H. K. Day William Marshall, Tenn. Asa Walker, Tenn. #5 Jerry C. Day, Mo. , Rhode Island Jacob Walker, Tenn. Squire Daymon, Tenn. Edward McCafferty William B. Ward, Ireland William Dearduff, Tenn. Jesse McCoy, Tenn. Henry Warnell, Ark. Stephen Dennison, England William McDowell, Pa. Joseph G. Washington, Tenn. Charles Despallier, La. James McGee, Ireland Thomas Waters, England Almeron Dickinson, Tenn. John McGregor, Scotland William Wells, Ga. John H. Dillard, Tenn. Robert McKinney, Ireland Isaac White, Ky. James R. Dimpkins, England Eliel Melton, Ga. Robert White Lewis Duel, N.Y. Thomas R. Miller, Tenn. Hiram J. Williamson, Pa. Andrew Duvalt, Ireland William Mills, Tenn. William Wills Carlos Espalier, San Antonio Isaac Millsaps, Miss. David L. Wilson, Scotland Gregorio Esparza, San Antonio Edward F. Mitchusson, Va. John Wilson, Pa. Robert Evans, Ireland Edwin T. Mitchell #5 Anthony Wolfe, England Samuel B. Evans, N.Y. Napoleon B. Mitchell Claiborne Wright, N.C. James L. Ewing, Tenn Robert B. Moore, Va. Charles Zanco, Denmark William Fahbaugh, Ala. William Moore, Miss. John, Negro John Flanders, Mass. Robert Musselman, Ohio Dolphin Ward Floyd, N.C. Andres Nava, San Antonio John Hubbard Forsyth, N.Y. George Neggan, S.C. Antonio Fuentes, San Antonio Andrew M. Nelson, Tenn. Galba Fuqua, Ala. Edward Nelson S. C. #5 William H. Furtleroy, Ky. George Nelson S.C. William Garnett, Tenn. James Northcross, Va.

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources

Envelope 2, Document 5

Survivors of the Alamo

• , wife of Capt. Almeron Dickinson o Angelina Dickinson, their 15-month old daughter • Joe, Travis' slave • Gertrudis Navarro, 15, sister by adoption to James Bowie's wife, Ursula Bowie • Juana Navarro Alsbury, 28, sister of Gertrudis Navarro o Alijo Perez, 18-month-old son of Juana Alsbury • Ana Esparza, wife of Gregorio Esparza, and their four children: o Enrique o Francisco o Manuel o Maria de Jesus Castro

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Envelope 3, Document 6

February 24, 1836

To the People of Texas & All Americans in the World:

Fellow citizens & compatriots—I am besieged, by a thousand or more of the Mexicans under Santa Anna—I have sustained a continual Bombardment & cannonade for 24 hours & have not lost a man. The enemy has demanded a surrender at discretion, otherwise, the garrison are to be put to the sword, if the fort is taken—I have answered the demand with a cannon shot, & our flag still waves proudly from the walls. I shall never surrender or retreat. Then, I call on you in the name of Liberty, of patriotism & everything dear to the American character, to come to our aid, with all dispatch—The enemy is receiving reinforcements daily & will no doubt increase to three or four thousand in four or five days. If this call is neglected, I am determined to sustain myself as long as possible & die like a soldier who never forgets what is due to his own honor & that of his country—Victory or Death.

William Barret Travis

Lt. Col. comdt

P.S. The Lord is on our side—When the enemy appeared in sight we had not three bushels of corn—We have since found in deserted houses 80 or 90 bushels & got into the walls 20 or 30 head of Beeves.

Travis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William B. Travis

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources

Envelope 4, Document 7 11 March 1836

To Col. Fannin, Commanding at Goliad:

Sir:---On my arrival here this afternoon (in Gonzales) the following intelligence Paragraph 1 was received through a Mexican, supposed to be friendly, though his account has been contradicted in some parts by another, who arrived with him. It is therefore only given to you as a rumor though I fear a melancholy portion of it will be found true. Anselmo Borgara states that he left the Alamo on Sunday the 6th inst. and is six days from Arroche's ranch; that the Alamo was attacked on Sunday morning at the dawn of day, by about two thousand three hundred men, and carried a short time before sunrise by a loss of five hundred and twenty-one Mexicans killed and as many wounded.

Col. Travis had only one hundred and fifty effective men, out of his entire force Paragraph 2 of one hundred and eighty-seven. After the fort was carried seven men surrendered, and called for Santa Anna, and for quarter. They were murdered by his order. Col. Bowie was sick in bed and was also murdered. The enemy expected a reinforcement of fifteen hundred men under Gen. Cordelle, and a reserve of fifteen hundred to follow them. He also informs us that Ugartechea had arrived with two millions of specie for the payment of the troops.

The bodies of the Americans were burned after the massacre. Alternate layers of wood and bodies were laid together and set on fire. I have little doubt but that Paragraph 3 the Alamo has fallen whether the above particulars are all true may be questionable.

Sam Houston

Sam Houston to letter, March 11, 1836. http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/goliadofficial.htm#houstonfan11mar

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources

Envelope 5, Document 8

Sunday, March 20, 1836

…Joe was sleeping in the room with his master when the alarm was given. Paragraph 1 Travis sprang up, seized his rifle and sword, and called to Joe to follow him. Joe took his gun and followed. Travis ran across the Alamo and mounted the wall, and called out to his men, "Come on boys, the Mexicans are upon us." He discharged his gun; so did Joe. In an instant Travis was shot down. He fell within the wall, on the sloping ground, and sat up. The enemy twice applied their scaling ladders to the walls, and were twice beaten back. But this Joe did not well understand, for when his master fell he ran and ensconced himself in a house, from which he says he fired on them several times, after they got in. On the third attempt they succeeded in mounting the walls, and then poured over like sheep. The battle became a melee. Every man fought for his own hand, as best he might, with butts of guns, pistols, knives, etc. As Travis sat wounded on the ground General Mora, who was passing him, made a blow at him with his sword, which Travis struck up, and ran his assailant through the body, and both died on the same spot. This was poor Travis' last effort.

Bowie is said to have fired through the door of his room, from his sick bed. He Paragraph 2 was found dead and mutilated where he lay. Crockett and a few of his friends were found together, with twenty-four of the enemy dead around them.

There were in the fort several Mexican women who were spared and restored to Paragraph 3 their father, D. Angel Navarro of Bejar. Mrs. Dickenson, wife of Lieut. Dickenson, and child, were also spared, and have been sent back into Texas.

After the fight was over, the Mexicans were formed in hollow square, and Santa Paragraph 4 Anna addressed them in a very animated manner. They filled the air with shouts. Joe describes him as a slender man, rather tall, dressed very plainly-- somewhat "like a Methodist preacher," to use his own words.

Santa Anna questioned Joe about Texas, and the state of its army. Asked if Paragraph 5 there were many soldiers from the United States in the army, and if more were expected, and said he had men enough to march to the city of Washington. The

American dead were collected in a pile and burnt.

Joe, William B. Travis’ slave; as recorded by William Fairfax Gray,

March 20, 1836

William Fairfax Gray. The Diary of William Fairfax Gray, from Virginia to Texas, 1835-1837. Dallas: Southern Methodist University, 1997, pp. 128-129.

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources

Envelope 6, Document 9

Paragraph 1

Paragraph 2

Paragraph 3

Paragraph 4

Paragraph 5

Benjamin Briggs Goodrich (1799-1860), Signer of Texas Declaration of Independence. Letter to his brother Edmund H. Goodrich, 15 March 1836.

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources

Envelope 7, Document 10

On the morning of , the Mexican troops were stationed at 4 o'clock, Paragraph 1 A.M., in accord with Santa Anna's instructions. Darkness and the disposition made of the troops which were to attack the four fronts at the same time. At the sound of the bugle they could no longer doubt that the time had come for them to conquer or to die. Had they still doubted, the imprudent shouts for Santa Anna given by our columns of attack must have opened their eyes.

As soon as our troops were in sight, a shower of grape and musket balls was Paragraph 2 poured upon them from the fort, the garrison of which at the sound of the bugle, had rushed to arms and to their posts. The three columns that attacked the west, the north, and the east fronts, fell back, or rather, wavered at the first discharge from the enemy, but the example and the efforts of the officers soon caused them to return to the attack. The columns of the western and eastern attacks, meeting with some difficulties in reaching the tops of the small houses which formed the walls of the fort, did, by a simultaneous movement to the right and to left, swing northward till the three columns formed one dense mass, which under the guidance of their officers, endeavored to climb the parapet on that side.

Our loss was very heavy. Colonel Francisco Duque was mortally wounded at the Paragraph 3 very beginning, as he lay dying on the ground where he was being trampled by his own men, he still ordered them on to the slaughter. Our own men were exposed not only to the fire of the enemy but also to that of our own columns attacking the other fronts; and our soldiers being formed in close columns, all shots that were aimed too low, struck the backs of our foremost men. The greatest number of our casualties took place in that manner; it may even be affirmed that not one fourth of our wounded were struck by the enemy's fire, because their cannon, owing to their elevated position, could not be sufficiently lowered to injure our troops after they had reached the foot of the walls. Nor could the defenders use their muskets with accuracy, because the wall having no inner banquette, they had, in order to deliver their fire, to stand on top where they could not live one second.

The official list of casualties, made by General Juan de Andrade, shows: officers Paragraph 4 8 killed, 18 wounded; enlisted men 52 killed, 233 wounded. Total 311 killed and wounded. A great many of the wounded died for want of medical attention, beds, shelter, and surgical instruments.

The whole garrison was killed except an old woman and a negro slave for whom Paragraph 5 the soldiers felt compassion, knowing that they had remained from compulsion alone. There were 150 volunteers, 32 citizens of Gonzales who had introduced themselves into the fort the night previous to the storming, and about 20 citizens or merchants of Bexar."

Vicente Filisola

A retrospective account of the battle written in 1849, by Vicente Filisola, one of Santa Anna’s soldiers. http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/alamo.htm

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources

Envelope 8, Document 11 Facts about the Alamo

1. The Texans weren't San Antonio was captured by rebellious Texans in December, 1835. General Sam supposed to be at the Alamo. Houston felt that holding San Antonio was impossible and unnecessary, as most of the settlements of the rebellious Texans were far to the east. Houston sent Jim Bowie to San Antonio: his orders were to destroy the Alamo and return with all of the men and artillery stationed there. Once he saw the fort's defenses, Bowie decided to ignore Houston's orders, having become convinced of the need to defend the city. 2. The defenders died believing Lieutenant Colonel Travis sent repeated requests to Colonel James Fannin in reinforcements were on the Goliad (about 90 miles away) for reinforcements, and he had no reason to suspect way. that Fannin would not come. Every day during the siege, the defenders of the Alamo looked for Fannin and his men, who never came. Fannin had decided that the logistics of reaching the Alamo in time were impossible. 3. There were many Mexicans It’s a common misconception that the Texans who rose up against were among the defenders. all settlers from the USA who decided on independence. There were many native Texans – Mexican nationals referred to as Tejanos – who joined the movement and fought every bit as bravely as their Anglo companions. It is estimated that of the nearly 200 defenders who died at the Alamo, about a dozen were Tejanos dedicated to the cause of independence. 4. They didn’t know exactly Many of the defenders of the Alamo believed in independence for Texas…but what they were fighting for. their leaders had not declared independence from Mexico yet. It was on March 2, 1836, that delegates meeting in Washington-on-the-Brazos formally declared independence from Mexico. Meanwhile, the Alamo had been under siege for days. When it fell early on March 6, the defenders did not know that independence had been formally declared by the delegates.

http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/TexasIndependence/tp/Ten -Facts-About-The-Battle-Of-The-Alamo.htm

Fort Worth ISD Social Studies Department 2013, Texas History Unit 5 resources