Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

INDEX OF TREE-RING DATED BUILDINGS IN COUNTY LIST approximately in chronological order, revised to VA51 (2020). © Vernacular Architecture Group 2021 These files may be copied for personal use, but should not be published or further distributed without written permission from the Vernacular Architecture Group. Always access these tables via the VAG website. Unauthorised copies released without prior consent on search engines may be out of date and unreliable. Since 2016 a very small number of construction date ranges from historical sources have been added. These entries are entirely in italics. Before using the index you are recommended to read or print the introduction and guidance, which includes a key to the abbreviations used on the tables.

YORKSHIRE Separate tables for East Riding, North Riding, West Riding and York

East Riding

County – Felling date Placename Address VA ref Description / keywords NGR Historic range HE ref and later Other refs YksER 1226 -51 Beverley The Old Friary, Friars 49.131 Notm Dominican. Over the ‘common room’ a ‘common rafter’ roof ‘using a substantial TA 038393 (YksE) Lane amount of re-used timber.’ YksER 1234 -59 Beverley Minster 49.133 Notm Re-used and redundant timbers in choir and transept roofs. TA 037392 (YksE) YksER 1330 Beverley The Old Guildhouse, 49.131 Notm Primary range originally jettied. 6 trusses with tiebeams, crown posts with down- TA 032397 (YksE) 19 -21 Ladygate braces to tiebeam and up-braces to collar purlin. Raking struts from tiebeams to principals. YksER 1336 Beverley 49 - 51 North Bar 49.132 Notm Originally a lodging or part of a row? 6 bays, 2 storeys, jettied to front and one end. TA 030398 (YksE) Within Braces from wall posts to tiebeams. Crown post with braces up to collar purlin. YksER 1348 + and Beverley St Mary’s Church 49.132 Notm 1st-floor priest’s room and annex. Purlins in shallow pitch roof over annex. TA 034398 (YksE) 1335 -60 YksER 1402 -27 Beverley The Guildhall 49.131 Notm Substantial re-roofing in 1762/64 incorporated re-used timbers of 1402-07 and TA 034394 (YksE) 1441. YksER 1431 Beverley 15 Flemingate 49.130 Notm 4 bays, 2½ storeys. Wall posts with splayed heads, tiebeams, crown posts with TA 038392 (YksE) splayed heads, down-braces. YksER 1591 Beverley Monk’s Walk, 19 49.131 Notm Front range originally of 3 bays, now also with 2 wings. Upper floor was open to TA 036393 (YksE) Highgate roof and probably jettied. Date is for a tiebeam, but much of the rest replaced with softwood. YksER 1662 /63 Cottingham Southwood Hall, 49.133 Notm Roof over main range includes common rafters with upper and lower collars. Every TA 038322 (YksE) South Field Court 4th pair has upper collars with ½-dovetail lap joints; purlins clasped. YksER 1670 Thwing and Octon Glebe Farm 39.131 DCL 3 bays, 1½ storeys, 2 cruck trusses with saddles, collars, apex type C, ridge purlin. TA 032698 (YksE) ‘Cruck House’ YksER 1674 Beverley 7 – 9 North Bar Within 49.132 Notm Common rafters and purlins in a much-renewed roof. TA 031397 (YksE) YksER 1719 /20 Sancton All Saint’s Church 41.84 MB Bellframe and belfry floor. SE 899392 (YksE) 1720 YksER 1735 /36 & Beverley Minster 49.132 Notm Nicholas Hawksmoor restoration included roof over choir. 15 trusses with TA 037392 (YksE) 1736 /37 tiebeams, principals, collars, queen (struts?) and king (struts?)

Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

North Riding

County – Felling date Placename Address VA ref Description / keywords NGR Historic range HE ref and later Other refs YksNR 1283 Helmsley Canons Garth Notm 46.101 3-bay vicar’s open hall. Base cruck trusses with double tiebeams clasping the SE 612839 (YksN) RRS 39/2014 (1) arcade plates. Passing braces. Crown posts halved across both tiebeams and (2) arch-braced to collar plates. Coupled rafters, collar plates, soulaces, collars. (For inserted floor see 1622 -39, for SW wing roof see 1551 -71, and for W wing roof see 1622). YksNR 1288 Foulbridge Knights Templars 15.68 Notm (3) Aisled hall: rebuilt. Interpreted as having had arch-braced arcade plates and SE 914795 (YksN) (nr. Stainton) strainer beams, crown posts with four-way upward braces, collar purlin. YksNR 1308 Baxby Baxby Manor Farm 25.43 Notm Hall. Crown posts, braces, soulaces, collar, common rafters. SE 513753 (YksN) YksNR 1420 -49 Sinnington Old Chapel 30.126 Sh Date obtained for ‘original internal elements of chapel, the roof of which is of 1508- SE 746861 (YksN) AML 22/99 38 (qv). YksNR 1444 /45 Yarm Tom Brown’s Hse, 23.59 Notm Truncated principal trusses; side purlins held between the principals and the NZ 419131 (YksN) 114 High St common rafters [clasped?]. YksNR 1488 c. & Knaresborough St John’s House 48.88 Aisled on W side. Gritstone to ground floor, timber framed above, close-studded SE 347573 (YksN) 1490 /91 2 Church Lane HGJH/33/16 with large curved down braces, jowled posts. Herringbone framing in end gables. (Formerly crown post?) Cranked tiebeams, purlins are secondary. YksNR 1478 /79 Malton York House, 39.114 Timbers in E wing. Those in W wing dated 1468 /9. SE 785716 (YksN) 1488 -1521 41 Yorkersgate MAYH/06/07 YksNR 1512 Thornton-le-Dale Cruck Cottage, 39.131 IT One partial cruck frame survives with a saddle or upper collar. SE 833825 (YksN) Malton Gate YksNR 1516 /17 Sinnington Old Chapel 32.90 Sh Re-sampling produced this more precise felling date for the roof. The east doorway SE 746861 (YksN) lintel was dated to after 1442. Also see 1508 -38. YksNR 1517, 1518 Craven ‘Great Tythe Barn’, 47.80 Notm Aisled barn, hipped roof. Braces from arcade posts to tiebeams and to arcade SE 072538 (YksN) Bolton Abbey RRS 48/2015 plates, and from wall posts to aisle ties. King posts. 2 tiers of side purlins [& presumably a ridge piece]. Intermediate trusses. YksNR 1508 -33 Danby Danby Castle 44.95 Notm Tiebeam surviving from court room roof. (Also see 1525 -50). NZ 717072 (YksN) YksNR 1508 -38 Sinnington Old Chapel 30.126 Sh Date obtained from roof: tiebeams and principals: but see 1516 /17. (Also see 1420 SE 746861 (YksN) AML 22/99 -49). Yks NR 1527 Long Preston Guys Villa Barn 45.113 Notm Laithe. Re-used timbers. SD 831583 YksNR 1525 -50 Danby Danby Castle 44.95 Notm SE tower 4-bay roof, gabled, has hammer beam trusses. Also see 1508 -33. NZ 717072 (YksN) YksNR 1530 -57 Harome Harome Hall 19.44 Sh Stone. 3 full cruck trusses with tiebeams, extended collars, saddles, lodged side SE 644820 (YksN) (now at ) purlins. YksNR 1551 -71 Helmsley Canons Garth Notm 46.101 SW wing roof with tiebeams, principals, single tier of side purlins. (For vicar’s open SE 612839 (YksN) RRS 39/2014 (4) hall with base cruck and crown post roof see 1283. For first floor inserted into open (5) hall see 1622 -39. For W wing roof see 1622). YksNR 1567 Ingleby Greenhow Ingleby Manor 25.43 Notm Principals, collar: no other details. NZ 585057 (YksN) YksNR 1565 -70 c. Ingleby Greenhow Ingleby Manor 24.45 Notm Stone ‘hall range’ with arch-braced collar trusses. NZ 585057 (Yks N) YksNR 1570 Harome The Manor House 30.100 Oxf The date is for a floor inserted into the solar end of what was originally a single- SE 644820 (YksN) storey 4-bay cruck-framed manorial court house. The building was moved to Ryedale Folk Museum, (and the crucks have been dated to 1530-75 qv). Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

YksNR 1583 Norton Conyers Norton Conyers Hall 25.43 Notm Tiebeam & collar. Dais beam. SE 318764 (YksW) YksNR 1570 – Coxwold Shandy Hall, 24.45 Notm Various forms of the truncated principal roof type: dated timbers include a king SE 532774 (YksW) 1608 c. High Street post. YksNR 1584 -1620 Thornton le Dale Roxby Farm Cottage, 40.121 DCL Cruck truss, saddle, collar, ridge purlin standing on king post (Apex type F1). SE 833828 (YksN) Malton Gate YksNR 1594 -1617 Thornton le Street Calvis Hall 51.130 Rear block, stone. Ceiling beam. (Also a re-used collar of 1466d). SE 420845 (YksN) YksNR 1622 Helmsley Canons Garth Notm 46.101 W wing roof – tiebeams, principals, king struts? [apparently not crown-posts as in SE 612839 (YksN) RRS 39/2014 (6) VA], raking struts. W wing fireplace 1629. (For vicar’s open hall with base cruck (7) and crown post roof see 1283. For first floor inserted into open hall see 1622 -39. For SW wing roof see 1551 -71). YksNR 1627 c. Bellerby Old Hall, Main Street 48.88 3-storey L-plan central chimney house with rubble walls, ashlar dressings, slate SE 115929 (YksN) DLOH/34/16 roof. Storeyed porch. Tiebeam and collar trusses. YksNR 1622 -39 Helmsley Canons Garth Notm 46.101 First floor inserted into open hall. Floor also retains timber dated 1546 -71. (For SE 612839 (YksN) RRS 39/2014 (8) vicar’s open hall with base cruck and crown post roof see 1283. For SW wing roof (9) see 1551 -71, and for W wing roof see 1622). Yks NR 1664 Longcliffe Lower Winskill Farm 45.113 Notm In a linear farmstead the E barn contains re-used cruck timbers of various dates SD 827664 (10) including 1483-1508, 1560-85 and 1664. YksNR 1671 -1689 Cowesby nr Former Almshouses 12.40 Sh (11) (Now a dwelling). Stone walls, pantile roof orig. with dormers. 1 storey + attic. SE 467898 (YksN) Thirsk Large scantling purlins; common rafters with occasional rafter collars. Yks NR 1722 Kirkleatham near Kirkleatham Hall 45.112 Notm Stable block. Oak floor beams in E range include 1 with felling date of 1722. NZ 594219 Redcar RRS 53/2013 Timber in S range floors 1701+. ( For roofs see 1780+). YksNR 1764 /65 Hovingham Hovingham Hall 33.118 Sh Country house / mansion. Tree-ring dates for several structures: SE 666756 (YksN) Riding School roof 1764 /5 Ballroom roof 1758 /9 Ionic room east roof 1773 /4 Dining room roof 1765 -85 Hunting hall NW roof 1739 -70 Hunting Hall SW roof 1748 -84 Yks NR 1780 + Kirkleatham near Kirkleatham Hall 45.112 Notm Stable block. Replacement low-pitched pine roof with hipped ends over east range. NZ 594219 Redcar RRS 53/2013 Tiebeams, rafter struts with gunstock heads, and linked by interrupted collars, straight braces: single tier of staggered side purlins secured to principals by through-tenons with face pegs, ridge board. One timber in S range roof felled 1782. (For 1st & 2nd floors see 1722).

West Riding

County – Felling date Placename Address VA ref Description / keywords NGR Historic range HE ref and later Other refs YksWR 1183 + Kirkburton All Hallows Church 39.128 Not Timber in roof of North aisle, rebuilt 1825. Also see 1233, 1487 -1512, 1633 SE 198125 (YksW) YksWR 1183+ Conistone with Crag Cottage, 51.134 Notm 17thC roof contains re-used timbers of various dates including 1183+, 1370, 1454- SD 973678 (YksN) Kilnsey Mastiles Lane 79, 1493-1518. YksWR 1233 Kirkburton All Hallows Church 39.128 Notm South aisle roof contained timber with the felling dates 1023 after, 1154, 1201 and SE 198125 1233. Also see 1183 after, 1487 -1512, 1633. YksWR 1233 -52 Whiston The Long Barn, 33.117 Sh (12) Aisled barn. Arcade posts without jowls, but in normal assembly. Arcade braces SK 447901 Chaff Lane joined to arcade plates by notched lap-joints. Passing braces with notched lap joints. (One timber dated to 1214 + in VA 19.44) Substantially remodelled (in 1640-45? qv). YksWR 1259 Horton in Beckdale Barn, 51.136 Notm The earliest of several dated re-used timbers which also included one of 1504 -29. SD 815716 (YksN) Ribblesdale Brackenbottom Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

YksWR 1342 /43 Scotton Manor Farm 33.117 Sh Originally a timber-framed aisled hall with in-line solar and un-floored SE 325593 (YksW) (agricultural?) low end [inf J Deadman]. YksWR 1404 Cleckheaton Westroyd, 44.96 Notm Main range – 3 trusses with arch-braced tiebeams, king posts & principals. Curved SE 189272 (YksS) Hunsworth Lane braces down to tiebeam & up to ridge beam. (For wing see 1606). YksWR 1423 Morley Howley Hall Farm 45.114 Notm Cartshed. 7 trusses: tiebeams, [king posts, queen posts?] with struts to principals, SE253255 2 tiers of side purlins. (For cottage see 1635, barn see 1462-87). Yks WR 1412 /13 to Almondbury The Barn House 45.105 4-bay barn. Jowled posts, arch-braces, tiebeams, king-post roof with single tier of SE 155145 1428 /29 HDBH/10/13 staggered trenched purlins. Stock-piled timber? (N.b. older than cruck-framed annex of 1484 qv). YksWR 1420 -55 Ledston 50m E of Sheepcote 32.91 Sh Barn. Aisled. Arcade posts. 3 different types of trusses inc. a king-post but SE 439304 (YksW) Farm,Selby Rd evidence of steeper gable in end wall. YksWR 1445 Bailiff Bridge Whitwood Farm 42.104 Notm Barn. 7 bays, single-aisled. 2 trusses have king posts, 2 have ‘queen posts’ SE 155253 (YksW) [queen struts?], 3 trusses have crown posts. [Are all the trusses coeval?]. For farmhouse see c.1548. YksWR 1430 -55 Consitone with Chapel House, High 51.135 Notm In outshot, timbers re-used as purlins are interpreted as former cruck blades. (For SD 976664 (YksN) Kilnsey Laithe barn, replacement barn roof see1840). YksWR 1432 -1458 Wakefield John Bunn’ys House 19.45 Sh Tiebeam. SE 336205 (YksW) YksWR 1448 Normanton Hanson Hall 40.121 DCL House. Stone. 2 storeys. Fire damaged. Cranked tiebeams, splayed king posts, SE 388224 (YksW) ridge plate. (For barn see 1455). YksWR 1453 Netherhall Barn, 39.128 Notm Barn. Box-framed. Aisled. Arch-braced arcade plate has stop-splayed scarfs with SE 165177 (YksW) Dalton RDR 45/2007 diminished bridled butts, 2 edge pegs and 1 face key. Upper roof details not clear. YksWR 1455 Normanton Hanson Hall 40.121 DCL Barn. Cranked tiebeams, splayed king posts, ridge plate. For house see 1448. SE 388224 (YksW) YksWR 1465 + Barnsley 1 - 5 Church Street 30.127 Sh And 1557 after. Unidentified samples from demolished building. SE 344064 (YksS) Yks WR 1452 -77 Liversedge Bullace Trees Farm 44.96 Notm Barn, aisled. Posts on stone pads, braces up to arcade plates & tiebeams. Raking SE 192233 (Yks W) struts, king posts, principals, single tier of side purlins + ridge beam. YksWR 1455 -79 Barnsley 41 & 43 Church Street 33.117 Sh Hall and wing might be nearly contemporary – felling dates in wing are 1457 /8 SE 344067 (YksS) and 1463 /4, with king post trusses. YksWR 1468 + Bradfield Dale Hallfield House 12.40 Sh Barn. Cruck. SK 234914 (YksS) YksWR 1448 -1490 Leeds Stank Hall Barn 23.46 Sh Barn. Aisled. SE 285294 (YksW) AML 19/91 YksWR 1468 /69 Stainland Ellistones Farm, 38.116 DCL Barn. Originally box-framed. 5 bays: aisled. SE 078195 (YksW) Stainland Rd YksWR 1470 + Doncaster 41-2 High St 13.49 Sh Also c.1480. No roof details. SE 575035 (YksS) YksWR 1470 + Sheffield Bishop’s House, 11.22 Sh Floorboard. Also 1570 after 1615 after. Stone and timber-framed storeyed hall SK 353839 (YksS) Norton Lees Lane range and wing. Close studding with curved braces, large panels with herringbone (Museum) framing. Coved jettied gables. King-posts with up- and down herringbone. YksWR 1473 /74 Horbury Horbury Hall 23.54 Notm ‘2-bay hall with decorative roof’ SE 295184 (YksW) YksWR 1474 c. Tadcaster The Old Vicarage, off 26.50 Notm Arch-braced collar trusses over hall and wing: trusses over dais & lower end have SE 485434 (YksW) Kirkgate truncated principals. Truss dividing kitchen from storeyed bay has ‘strutted purlins’. YksWR 1462 -87 Morley Howley Hall Farm 45.114 Notm Barn. Tiebeams, principals, [king posts?], raking struts, 2 tiers of side purlins. (For SE 253255 (YksW) cartshed see 1423, for cottage & mistal see 1635). YksWR 1475 /76 Ecclesfield 2-6 Townend Rd 19.44 Sh 4-bay cruck house. SK 355939 (YksS) Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

YksWR 1476 Leeds First White Cloth Hall, 51.133 Notm Ex-situ (salvaged) timbers from king-post roof trusses. SE 304334 (YksW) 100 Kirkgate RRS 52/2019 YksWR 1478 Wakefield Horbury Hall 14.61 Sh (13) 2 bay open hall. Close studded with girding beam, upward curved braces. Arch- SE 295183 (YksW) braced collar open trusses with saddles, double side purlins with cusped wind braces (up and down), ridge plate on saddle. (Aisled) spere truss had arch-braced tiebeam and king post with curved ridge brace. YksWR 1470 -1488 Wellgate Old Hall 12.40 Sh (14) Roof destroyed. Re-used timber. SK 431925 (YksS) YksWR 1457 -1502 Kirkburton Shelley Woodhouse 19.45 Sh Open hall, king post roof. (Alterations made 1592-3). SE 217109 (YksW) YksWR 1481 Huddersfield Peny’s Hey, 39.128 Notm Re-used timbers. SE 158153 (YksW) 43 Hey Lane, Lowerhouses YksWR 1480 /81 Nostell Priory Nostell Priory 30.128 Sh Brewhouse. Original roof trusses. (Also see 1536 /37). SE 406172 (YksW) AML 20/98. Yks WR 1483 /84 Almondbury The Barn House 45.105 Cruck-framed ‘annex’ to barn. L1 apex. Staggered trenched purlins, curved SE 155145 HDBH/10/13 windbraces. (For main barn of see 1428 /29). Yks WR 1484 Bradfield Old Hall Farmhouse, 46.101 RRS 2 cruck trusses, 1 of them smoke blackened. Yoke, collar. SK 290951 (Yks S) Brightholmlee 44-2014 YksWR 1487 /88 Liversedge Headlands Hall 32.91 Sh U-shaped plan. This date is for West Range with jowled king-post trusses, SE 202233 (YksW) trenched purlins. South range dated ‘after 1481’. East range dated 1486? YksWR 1485 -95 Calverley Hall (nr. Leeds) 14.61 Sh Chapel & hall roof contemporary. SE 208368 (YksW) YksWR 1486 -95 Barnsley Houndhill Barn 21.44 Sh Stone, possibly originally domestic. SE 337040 (YksS) YksWR 1494 / Rotherham Netherfold Farmhouse 12.40 Sh (15) Timber-framed (now stone). Hipped. Curved and straight braces up to tiebeams, SK 384952 (YksS) 1495 raked struts rise to clasped purlins. Common rafters have high collars. YksWR 1495 /96 Dungworth Hall Broom Farm 24.44 Notm Barn. Cruck apex C: former living bay at one end. (Also see 1647). SK 270896 (YksS) YksWR 1498 + Sheffield Broomhall 11,23 Sh 1st phase roof king post. (Also 1614 replacement side purlins). SK 342866 (YksS) YksWR 1487 -1512 Kirkburton All Hallows Church 39.128 Notm Nave roof primary timbers. King posts with ridge braces. Panelled ceiling ribs with SE 198125 (YksW) RDR 49/2007 a felling date of 1519. Also see 1183 after, 1233, 1633. YksWR 1501 /2 Bolton Percy Gatehouse 19.45 Sh Tiebeam SE531422 (YksN) YksWR 1489 -1514 Horton in The Shaws, Selside 51.136 51.86 Former farmhouse. Purlins. SD 784756 (YksN) Ribblesdale Notm YksWR 1502 + Elland Elland Old Hall 15.69 Sh And 1562+ for replacement timbers. SE 105215 (YksW) YksWR 1503 + Nesfield with West Hall 14.61 Sh King post (inf. B Hutton) SE 085501 (YksN) Langbar YksWR 1487 -1523 Barnburgh Barnburgh Hall 32.90 Sh Stone. Octagonal. Conical roof. SE 487034 (YksS) Dovecote 542/2000 YksWR 1491 -1516 Austwick Dam House Bridge 51.137 51.87 Stone barn. Lintel. [The report argues that this may have come from a former SD 779694 (YksN) Barn, Wharfe Notm cruck phase]. YksWR 1505 c. Bradfield Hallfield House, 27.83 Notm This date supersedes 1468+ in VA 12.40. Barn. Stone. Cruck: 4 trusses, 3½ SK 234915 (YksS) Lanehead Rd, bays. Also see 1617 -10+15. YksWR 1503 -10 Sheffield Old Queens Head, 23.54 Notm Jettied SK 358873 (YksS) Pond Hill Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

YksWR 1509 /10 Nostell Nostell Priory, (NT) 30.128 Sh Refectory. Main construction phase. Also see 1515/16. SE 406172 (YksW) Doncaster Road AML 20/98 YksWR 1502 +: Huddersfield Bay Hall, Birkby 30.127 Sh Wing of after 1502 and aisled hall of after 1513 are possibly contemporary. Hall SE 141178 (YksW) 1513 + re-roofed (see 1678). YksWR 1512 /13 Liversedge 9, 11 Halifax Rd, 44.90 Now largely stone but originally close-studded. 3 framed trusses (but later re- SE 198238 (YksW) 1513 Haigh Hall WFHH/09/12 roofed with king-posts). YksWR 1516 + Scriven Oak View 12.40 Sh (16) Brace in [former?] wall frame was dated. Sooted rafters and a smoke bay. SE 348586 (YksN) Originally large panel wall frame but now 18C brick. YksWR 1515 /16 Nostell Nostell Priory, (NT) 30.128 Sh Refectory. Inserted tiebeam: another dated 1536/8. Also see 1748/9 SE 406172 (YksW) Doncaster Road YksWR 1516 /17 Ripon Thorpe Prebend 30.126 Sh Timber-framed. Hall and two wings. This date for east wing roof, having coupled SE 316714 (YksN) House rafters with collars (?) (Also see 1583 /84). YksWR 1520 + Rotherham Old Three Cranes 11.23 Sh Side purlins, heavy curving braces [to king-post?] SK 429928 (YksS) YksWR 1522 c. Leeds Crag House Farm, 43.94 Notm Barn. Aisled. Posts, braces up to tiebeams and to arcade-plates, principals. Truss SE 245412 (YksW) Cookridge 3 – raking struts from tiebeam to principals. Truss 4 – king post. 2 tiers of purlins trenched across main principals but ‘threaded’ at intermediate trusses. (Modifications c.I 1602). YksWR 1522 + Worsbrough Swaithe Hall 32.91 Sh Farmhouse. Stone facing to ground floor, timber-framed above. King post truss. SE 374044 (Yks S) Queen struts. (Also see 1597/98). YksWR 1513 -37 Wakefield, Westgate End House, 48.103 Notm Demolished. Hall range with king post roof trusses. (For north wing see 1534 -52 SE 322205 (YksW) Kemps Bridge, RRS 28-2015 and for later wing see 1592-97 d). YksWR 1530 + Stannington 110-12 Uppergate Rd 11.23 Sh ‘Cruck house’ SK 300885 (YksS) YksWR 1530 + Elland Elland Old Hall 15.69 Sh Various dates include 1555+ in hall: queen strut: aisle principal from hall outshot SE 105215 (YksW) dated to 1606±9. (Also see 1502). YksWR 1518 -43 Apperley Bridge Shaw House Farm, 48.102 Notm Re-used timbers (possibly from an aisled barn). Also see 1695. SE 196377 (Bradford) Parkin Lane YksWR 1515 -48 Dunford Carlcotes Hall, Brook 50.98 3½ bay main range, possibly once including an end smoke bay. Bressumer at N SE 178033 (YksS) (Barnsley) Hill Lane SHCH/19/18 end. (Also see 1673 -1706). YksWR 1528 -1546 Cawthorne The Golden Cross 14.61 Sh No roof details. SE 285081 (YksS) YksWR 1536 /37 Nostell Nostell Priory, (NT) 30.128 Sh Brewhouse. Intermediate trusses inserted into roof of 1480 /1 (qv). (Later repairs SE 406172 (YksW) Doncaster Road AML 20/98 of 1727/8). YksWR 1533 -41 ? Langcliffe Springs Wood field 51.136 51.83 Timber re-used as purlin, principals, tiebeam, plausibly from former cruck building. SD 822645 (YksN) barn Notm 1516-41d & 1533-58 with possible common felling date range 1533-41. YksWR 1540 + Brampton Bierlow Hall 16.41 Sh Central truss in hall block 1536+ SW aisle post 1540+. Hood bressumer 1546+ SK417013 (YksS) (nr Barnsley) upper purlin 1576/7 YksWR 1540 Wakefield Kirkgate 13.49 Sh Also 1633. No roof details. ? (YksW) YksWR 1541 Sheffield Hangram Lane Farm 11,22 Sh Re-used timbers from a cruck bldg: see VA 9 (1978) 32-33 SK 299842 (YksW) YksWR 1542 /43 Nether Poppleton Rupert’s Barn 30.126 Sh Barn. Aisled. Arcade posts, arcade plates. Tiebeams, principals. SE 565551 (YksN) YksWR 1534 -52 Wakefield, Westgate End House, 48.103 Notm Demolished. North wing had a raised cruck frame with curved blades, collar SE 322205 (YksW) Kemps Bridge, RRS 28-2015 carrying short king post under ridge purlin. (Later wing of 1592-97 d). YksWR 1521+ Bailiff Bridge Whitwood Farm 42.104 Notm Farmhouse. 6 bays. Tiebeams, king posts. For barn see 1445. SE 155253 (YksW) 1548 c. YksWR 1535 -60 Horton in Borrins, Selside 51.136 Notm Principals in house and lintel in barn? SD 783747 (YksN) Ribblesdale Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

YksWR 1548 + Rothwell Manor House 11,23 Sh Floorboards dated in addition to house of 1487 (doc). SE 342283 (YksW) YksWR 1551 Bradfield Manor Farm, 27.82 Notm Cruck. (Also a pair of cruck blades with yoke which dated to 1540). SK 214996 (YksS) Upper Midhope YksWR 1551 + Stannington Pond Farmhouse 11.23 Sh Cruck, rebuilt with re-used timbers after fire (VA23,29). SK 306886 YksWR 1552 Bradfield Hoyles Farm, 25.42 Notm Barn 1, 250m SW of farmhouse. Gritstone. 3 full cruck trusses with collars. Single SK 237903 (YksS) Blindside Lane tier side purlins + ridge purlin (LB descn). (For barn 2 see 1612 -13). YksWR 1559 Sheffield Stumperlowe Cottage 48.99 Cottage with 3 cruck trusses; tiebeams and collars, single tier of side purlins, wind SK 308857 (YksS) Stumperlowe Hall Rd NTRLD 2017 braces. (Adjoining former barn has a further cruck truss of timber felled 1568+ qv). YksWR 1560 -87 Upper Denby Gunthwaite Barn 25.25 Sh Barn. Aisled, with king post roof trusses. SE 238066 (YksS) YksWR 1542 -73 Ripon St Agnes Lodge, High 38.115 DCL Stands S of Minster. N-S range with 3 king post trusses. There is also a cruck SE 315710 (YksN) Saint Agnesgate range of 1625 -41 (qv) YksWR 1550 -67 Bilton in Ainsty Syningthwaite Priory 36.82 Sh Monastic but function uncertain. Post-Dissolution roof. SE 462487 (YksN) YksWR 1558 / 59 Doncaster 54-5 Market Place 13.49 Sh No roof details. (SE575035 ?) (YksS) YksWR 1561 + Ecclesfield 41 High St 14.61 Sh 1 bay timber-framed cottage SK 355939 (YksS) YksWR 1554 -72 Sheffield Jordanthorpe Barn 14.61 Sh Re-used cruck blades. SK 361817 (YksS) YksWR 1544 -69 Austwick Whitbeck Barn, 51.136 51.83 Various dates. Tiebeams, principals & other timbers re-used from former cruck SD 771694 (YksN) 1564 Crumack Dale Notm building. YksWR 1565 c. Bradfield Well Bank Farm, 25.42 Notm Barn, [presumably cruck as apex types A/H are cited]. SK 217996 (YksS) Upper Midhope YksWR 1568+ Sheffield Stumperlowe Cottage 48.99 Former barn retaining one cruck truss attached to earlier cottage with 3 cruck SK 308857 (YksS) Stumperlowe Hall Rd NTRLD 2017 trusses (of timber felled 1559d qv). YksWR 1574 Leeds 143 Briggate 43.93 Notm Various timbers discovered during redevelopment of building. SE 303335 (YksW) (RDRS 21/2012) YksWR 1563 -86 Clapham cum Clapdale Low Barn 51.137 51.87 Barn. Principals made from former cruck blades. SD 751708 (YksN) Newby Notm YksWR 1575 + Wakefield Haselden Hall 13.49 Sh No roof details. SE 331212 (YksW) Yks WR 1565 -90 Garsdale Dandra Garth 46.97 Notm (Transferred to Cumbria 1974) Main range roof – 2 (re-assembled?) trusses inc. SD 753897 (Cumbria) RRS 22/2014 tiebeams, principals, arched collars, 2 tiers of side purlins. (Ridge board probably later) (Undated cut-off blades of an earlier upper cruck. (Also see 1633 & 1635). YksWR 1541 -66 & Horton in Battersby Barn, Lodge 51.137 51.87 Barn, possibly originally with house to west. Fdrs of re-used timbers from former SD 781778 (YksN) 1567 -92 Ribblesdale Hall, Ribblehead Notm cruck. YksWR 1580 Northowram Lands Head Farm 28.146 Sh Aisled hall. No roof details. SE 106278 (YksW) YksWR 1582 Selby Abbot’s Staith 51.131 Notm H-plan, 2 storeys. Joists, trimmer, lintel in south wing. (For central range see SE 615325 (YksW) Buildings, Water Lane 1683). YksWR 1583 +0 Birstall Oakwell House 22.41 Notm Tiebeams, king posts: also see 1586/87. SX 260566 (YksW) (17) YksWR 1583 ? Thornton Headley Hall Farm, 32.92 Sh West Barn. Three aisled king post trusses. (Also see 1605). SE 097321 (YksW) Upper Headley YksWR 1583 /84 Ripon Thorpe Prebend 30.126 Sh Originally timber-framed. ‘Central’ hall has roof with tenoned purlins. West wing SE 316714 (YksN) House AML 2/98 same date. (Also see east wing of 1516 /17). YksWR 1586 /87 Birstall Oakwell House 22.41 Notm Map Room in west wing: no roof details. SX 260566 (YksW) Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

YksWR 1590 c. Conistone with Laithe, Renard Close 51.135 51.80 Constructed c. 1590 (doc.). Re-used cruck blade 1588-1613d. (Other dendro. SD 971674 (YksN) Kilnsey Notm dates obtained include 1451-76, 1635-60, 1664). Yks WR 1590 Crigglestone Red Gables Cottage, 44.96 Notm Felling date for timber in ceiling. SE 322155 (Yks S) Chapelthorpe YksWR 1590 c. Pontefract 11 -13 Cornmarket 48.103 Notm 1 roof truss includes king posts and braces up to ridge, single tier side purlins. SE454219 RRS 74/2015 YksWR 1593 Bradfield Raynor House, 25.42 Notm Barn. Cruck, yoke, apexes A / D: originally framed walls. SK 274956 (YksS) Rocher Lane YksWR 1594 Huddersfield Thorpe Farm Barn 30.127 Sh Walls half-height stone topped by timber frame. Stone slate roof. Single-aisled SE 174154 (YksW) Finthorpe Lane, cruck-framed barn. 5 bays. Tiebeams, collars, spurs. ‘Joints similar to notched lap Almondbury joints’ YksWR 1592 -97 Wakefield, Westgate End House, 48.103 Notm Demolished. Later wing. (For hall range see 1513-37, for raised cruck in north SE 322205 (YksW) Kemps Bridge, RRS 28-2015 wing see 1534 -52). YksWR 1591 + 9 Stannington Well House Farm 12.40 Sh Barn. Cruck SK 301882 (YksS) YksWR 1588 -1606 Whiston Guilthwaite Grange 11.23 Sh Roof rebuilt, but arguably a late open hall. (Also see VA11,28) SK 451890 (YksS) YksWR 1597 /98 Worsborough Swaithe Hall 32.91 Sh Farmhouse. Samples from N-S range. Also see 1522 after. SE 374044 (YksS) YksWR 1599 Rotherham Wellgate Old Hall - 11,23 Sh 3-bay barn, much-rebuilt. SK 431925 (YksS) barn YksWR 1599 Sheffield Grange Farm, Norton 38.113 Notm Cruck-framed, 2 bays. SK 370812 (YksS) YksWR 1600 + Arksey Stockbridge Farm 11,22 Sh Farmhouse, no roof details. SE 574066 (YksS) YksWR 1582 -1623 Wakefield Little Westgate 23.46 Sh Timbers from demolished building. SE 332208 (YksW) YksWR 1591 -1616 Conistone with Scar Laithe 51.135 Notm Stone barn. 4 roof trusses all have redundant joints indicating re-use of up to 5 SD 975680 (YksN) Kilnsey cruck trusses. (Other dates in this entry – 1504+, 1724). YksWR 1605 Thornton Headley Hall Farm 32.92 Sh East Barn. Stone. Three bays. King post roof. (Also see 1583). SE 097321 (YksW) Upper Headley CfA 10/2001 YksWR 1606 Cleckheaton Westroyd, Hunsworth 44.96 Notm Wing. Tiebeam, king post, principals, single tier side purlins + ridge beam. (For SE 189272 (YksS) Lane main range see 1404). YksWR 1596 -1621 Horton in Stubbing Barn, Low 51.136 51.84 Purlins in a roof containing re-used former crucks. SD 798768 (YksN) Ribblesdale Birkwith Notm YksWR 1612 -13 Bradfield Hoyles Farm, 25.42 Notm Barn 2 near farmhouse. Gritstone. 3½ bays + single aisle. 4 full cruck trusses on SK 238904 (YksS) Blindside Lane padstones. Tiebeams, collars, single tier side purlins + ridge purlin, wind braces + purlin to aisle (LB desc). Apex type A. (Also see 1552 for barn 1). YksWR 1615 c. + Hoyland Swaine Kidfield House 12.40 Sh Firehood. SE 253054 (YksS) YksWR 1604 -29 Markenfield Markenfield Hall 33.113 Notm Moated. Manorial. Gatehouse. Stone, gabled, 3 shallow pitch tiebeam trusses with SE 295673 (YksN) CfA 59/2002 principals (no collars); tenoned side purlins, no ridge-piece. YksWR 1605 -30 Austwick Cat Hole Barn, Feizor 51.137 51.88 Purlins, arguably from former cruck barn. (Other timbers dated to 1774). SD 784677 (YksN) Notm YksWR 1605 -30 Pontefract 3, Cornmarket 48.102 Notm Front range roof (1605-30) has tiebeam and collar roof with 2 tiers of side purlins. SE 454219 1606 -30 RRS 74/2015 Rear range roof (1606-30) has ‘tiebeam and principal’ roof trusses with 2 tiers of staggered side purlins. YksWR 1607 -32 Nr Sheffield Hallfield House, 27.83 Notm Cruck barn of 1505 c. (qv) also has inserted cruck blades of 1617 -10+15. SK 234915 (YksS) Bradfield Dale YksWR 1624 Brampton-en-le- Old Hall Farm 11,23 Sh ‘Collar-rafter roof’ SK 486884 (YksS) Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

YksWR 1602 -46 Eckington Old Kent House, 21.44 Sh No roof details. Also see 1646 -47. SK 403818 (YksS) Ridgeway YksWR 1625 Halifax Raw End Barn, Raw 46.102 Notm Aisled, timber-framed barn. 2 king-post trusses. SE 384143 (YksS) End Rd., Warley YksWR 1627 Dodworth Lane Head Farm 37.107 Sh Demolished. Wall frame of widely-spaced posts with slightly curved braces up to a SE 316061 (YksS) wall-plate with bridled and halved scarf joints. YksWR 1627 + Stannington, Whitehouse Farm 14.61 Sh ? ? (YksS) Sheffield YksWR 1625 -41 Ripon St Agnes Lodge, High 38.115 DCL E-W range of 5 cruck trusses. (There is also a king-post range of 1542 -73 qv). SE 315710 (YksN) Saint Agnesgate YksWR 1632 -33 Bradfield Fair Flats Farm, 25.42 Notm ‘Post and truss’ barn. SK 279917 (YksS) Kirk Edge Road YksWR 1617 -49 Bradford Old Manor House, 41.90 DCL Stone hall, and wing with king post truss. SE 150347 (YksW) Rosebery Road’ Manningham YksWR 1634 Bank Newton Newton Hall 39.131 IT Barn. 5 bays with broad aisles. Arch-braced aisle ties. Straight braces [struts?] SD 909531 (YksN) from aisle ties to aisle principals, which carry 3 tiers of purlins. In the nave, arch- braced tiebeams, king posts, raking struts from tiebeams to principals, 2 tiers of purlins + a ridge purlin. YksWR 1634 Wakefield 89 Station Road, 46.102 Notm Barn. 4 primary timber-framed bays. Jowled posts, tiebeams, principals, 2 tiers of SE 384143 (YksS) Ryhill side purlins + ridge piece. Yks WR 1624 -43, Garsdale Dandra Garth 46.97 Notm (Transferred to Cumbria 1974). Plank and muntin screens, first-floor and attic floor SD 753897 (Cumbria) 1633 & -35 RRS 22/2014 frames. (For main range roof see 1565-90). YksWR 1635 Morley Howley Hall Farm 45.114 Notm Cottage, 5 bays. Tiebeams, principals, king posts, struts, braces up to ridge-piece: SE253255 single tier of trenched side purlins. Also ‘mistal’ (byre), same date, 4 bays, similar roof. (For cartshed see 1423, for barn see 1462-87). YksWR 1640 -45 Whiston The Long Barn, 33.117 Sh First built with timber felled 1233 -52 (qv), but an extension, and the entire roof SK 447901 (YksW) Chaff Lane may derive from this later phase, employing 3 different forms of truss. YksWR 1646 -47 Eckington Old Kent House, 21.44 Sh No roof details. (Also see 1602 -46). SK 403818 (YksS) Ridgeway YksWR 1647 -52 Sheffield Hall Broom Farm, 24.44 Notm Floor inserted into cruck barn. SK 270896 (YksS) Dungworth YksWR 1652 /3/5 Appleton Roebuck Nun Appleton Hall 39.108 Notm Timbers in south range. Others in N range dated 1656 /7. SE 556399 (YksN) YksWR 1656 Pontefract Pontefract Castle 37.116 Notm Secondary roof over ‘the Main Guard’: shallow pitch tiebeam and collar, principals, SE 460222 (YksW) CfA 48/2005 two tiers of tenoned side purlins. YksWR 1658 + Halifax 3-5 Woolshops 19.44 Sh Timber-framed town house. SE 094252 (YksW) AML 4688 YksWR 1659 Leeds Moseley Farm, 37.108 Sh Barn. 3 walls of stone, timber-framed aisle (secondary?) to S. 4 king post trusses SE 234406 (YksW) Cookridge with slightly curved braces to the principals and to the ridge-plate. YksWR 1660 Morley Stubley Farm 40.121 DCL East barn (demolished). S end of stone, 2 bays, single-aisled. Also see 1674 -98. SE 260282 (YksW) YksWR 1663 Sheffield Ash House Farm, 36.82 Sh N-W building (demolished). Box-framed. Single-storey. Queen struts. The SW SK 361849 (YksS) Myrtle Road building provided date range of 1654-1666 (also demolished). YksWR 1678 Huddersfield Bay Hall, Birkby 30.127 Sh Re-roofing of hall of 1502 +: 1513 +. (qv). SE 141178 (YksW) YksWR 1683 Selby Abbot’s Staith 51.131 Notm Beams in central range of H-plan building. (For south wing see 1582). SE 615325 (YksW) Buildings, Water Lane YksWR 1680 + 5 Thorne 6 Silver St 13.49 Sh Demolished: no roof details. ‘…main joist…’ sampled. SE 688132 (YksS) Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

YksWR 1674 -98 Morley Stubley Farm 40.121 DCL East barn (demolished). N end had king post trusses with ‘large’ tiebeams. Also SE 260282 (YksW) see 1660. YksWR 1687 Wakefield Blacker Hall 51.133 Notm Malt house, kiln attached. 3 king-posts with ridge purlin. SE 300157 (YksS) Farmhouse RRS 206/2020 YksWR 1675 - Featherstone Church 11,23 Sh Bell-frame. SE 422221 (YksW) 1700 YksWR 1673 -1706 Dunford Carlcotes Hall, Brook 50.98 Two-bay wing (now only one). Saw-tooth decoration on joists. (For main range SE 178033 (YksS) (Barnsley) Hill Lane SHCH/19/18 see 1515 -48). YksWR 1695 Apperley Bridge Shaw House Farm, 48.102 Notm Barn. Tiebeam and king post; tiebeam and queen struts. 2 tiers side purlins. (For SE 196377 (YksW) (Bradford) Parkin Lane re-used timbers see 1518 -43). YksWR 1712 -16 c. Rathmell Cappleside Barn, 49.128 RRS 10- Stone barn, L-shaped plan. Datestone 1714. Raking struts from tiebeams to SD 804592 (YksN) Hollow Gill Brow 2018 principals, short king posts on high collars. Two tiers trenched side purlins + ridge piece. YksWR 1719 + Grafton Beck Farm 12.40 Sh (18) Farmhouse. Brick and cobble. 1½ rooms deep, 2-cell, direct entry. Tiebeam, SE 416635 (YksN) curved raked struts directly to clasped purlins. A-frame with collar and clasped purlins. Wall-plate was dated. YksWR 1733 /34 Barnburgh Barnburgh Hall 32.91 Sh Stables. Sandstone. Tiebeam trusses. SE 487034 (YksS) 1734 /35 YksWR 1744 Doncaster Hickleton Hall 11, 22 Sh (19) Country house / mansion. SE 483052 (YksS) YksWR 1748 /49 Nostell Nostell Priory (NT) 30.128 Sh Refectory. (Repairs to roof of 1509/10 qv). SE 406172 (YksW) Doncaster Road AML 20/98 YksWR 1804 -10 c. Sheffield Crucible Works, 34.101 Sh South Norwegian pine roof with king post and ridge-plate: asymmetrical bracing. SK 358879 (YksS) Wicker Lane YksWR 1832 + Barnsley Worsborough Mill 11,23 Sh Main drive shaft. SE 350033 (YksS) YksWR 1833 + Stocksbridge Wortley Top Forge 23.45 Oxf Water-powered helm hammer. SK 294999 (YksS) YksWR 1840 Consitone with Chapel House, High 51.135 Notm Inscribed date. Shouldered short king posts, queen posts?, diagonal braces. (For SD 976664 (YksN) Kilnsey Laithe barn, re-used timbers in outshot see 1430-55).

YORK

County – Felling date Placename Address VA ref Description / keywords NGR Historic range HE ref and later Other refs Yks 1151 + York St Mary’s Bishophill 23.45 Sh Original timbers but re-used. SE 602514 York 1294 -1318 York 32 Goodramgate 45.113 Notm Numerous felling dates include re-used timber with lmrd of 1136. Timbers In SE 604521 (20) ‘building 2’ include a crown post brace with lmrd 1293 & a rafter felled 1298, but jetty joist felled 1308: main date range cited as 1294-1318. (For building 3 see 1583 -1608). Yks 1311 1315 York Lady Row, 64-72 43.94 Notm (21) Row of renters, originally of 11 bays. Tiebeams, tall unjowled crown posts braced SE 605521 1316 Goodramgate down to tiebeams & up to collars, & with raking struts from tiebeams to principals. Corroborative documentary date 1316 Yks 1322 /23 York 60 Stonegate 31.127 Sh Urban. Shop (sunken?) Box-framed. Three storeys. Jettied, with dragon beams. SE 602521 The roof has been rebuilt, but a damaged crown post in 58 Stonegate. Also see 1645. Yks 1359 /60 York 2 Coffee Yard 23.54 Notm Open hall. Crown post. SE 603520 (Barley Hall) Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

Yks 1358 -87 York Merchant Adventurers 23.60 Notm Central timber arcade, important roof having truncated principals of two types, SE 606516 Hall, Fossgate crown posts Yks 1398 York Church Cottages, 31 44.95 Notm Jettied on S & E sides, dragon beam. Main roof has crown posts, curved braces SE 600517 North St, 1 & 2 All down to tiebeam & up to collar purlin. Hall roof has crown post braced down to Saints Lane tiebeam, but no braces to collar purlin. Yks 1410 -13 York Merchant Taylor’s 44.95 Notm Supersedes entry in VA 23.60. 5-bay guildhall. NW end wall has posts with splayed SE 605515 Hall, Aldwark (22) heads, tall rectangular panels, tiebeam and crown post flanked by intersecting curved braces, collar purlin. In trusses 2-6, principals & deep arch-braced collars originally with spandrel struts. Short curved windbraces above & below single side purlins. Tiebeams inserted c.1567 (doc). (For Little Hall see 1425-34). Yks 1413 York Merchant Taylor’s 23.60 Notm 5-bay guildhall. NW end wall has tiebeam and crown post flanked by intersecting SE 605515 Hall, Aldwark (23) curved braces, collar purlin. Open trusses are deep arch-braced collars. Side purlins. Tiebeams inserted c.1567 (doc). Yks 1395 -1440 York 35, 36 Shambles 19.44 Sh (24) 1st-floor open hall [?] Arch-braced cranked tiebeam, splayed head of crown post SE 603519 (Margaret Clitheroe clasps collar purlin and is flanked by intersecting braces. Hse), YksWR 1425 -34 York Little Hall, Merchant 44.95 Notm Down-braces in side wall. 4 tiebeam trusses, 1 with arch-braces. Truss 4 has triple SE 605515 Taylor’s Hall, Aldwark (25) struts. Rafter struts. (For Merchant Taylor’s Hall see 1410 -13). Yks 1435 -59 York St Anthony’s Hall, 41.101 Notm Guildhall. Nine aisled bays. West trusses - tiebeams, crown posts, collar purlins SE 607520 Peasholme Green (26) plus truncated principals, side purlins; common rafters with collars. Six eastern RDR 48/2009 trusses – same phase – deep arch-braced collars, two tiers of side purlins, curved wind braces up and down. Yks 1495 -1510 York Bishopsthorpe 41.102 Notm Brick with stone dressings. North range reputedly built 1480-1500. E. end has one SE 597478 Palace, RDRS 57/2008 arch-braced cambered collar truss, 2 tiers of (tenoned?) side purlins. (For SW wing Bishopsthorpe see 1539-64). Yks 1539 -64 York Bishopsthorpe 41.102 Notm Coupled rafter roof with collars over SW range. (Also see 1495-1510). SE 597478 Palace, RDR 57/2008 Bishopsthorpe Yks 1565 + York Walmgate Bar 23.45 Sh AML No roof timbers. SE 611514 41/91 York 1583 -1608 York 32 Goodramgate 45.113 Notm In roof over ‘building 3’, collars dated 1583 -1608 are morticed & pegged into SE 604521 corresponding rafter couples in a roof which also contains numerous re-used timbers. (For roof over building 2 see 1294-1318). Yks 1645 York 60 Stonegate 31.127 Sh Repairs / remodelling (of a building of 1322 /3 qv). SE 602521 Yks 1794 York Bishopsthorpe Palace 41.102 Notm North range east roof (pine) 1794 and later. (For earlier roof see 1495-1510). SE 597478 RDRS 57/2008

Acknowledgements to Dr Nat Alcock, Alison Arnold, Robert Howard, Dr Adam Menuge and Jayne Rimmer for helpful comments and amendments.

REFERENCES

1 B Harrison and B Hutton Vernacular houses in North and Cleveland (1984), 20-23. 2 P. Ryder Canons Garth, Helmsley: an historic building assessment (2012). 3 R Hook, ‘Medieval roofs in the north of England’, in J Walker (ed.) The English medieval roof: crownpost to kingpost (2011), 115. 4 B Harrison and B Hutton Vernacular houses in and Cleveland (1984), 20-23. 5 P. Ryder Canons Garth, Helmsley: an historic building assessment (2012). 6 B Harrison and B Hutton Vernacular houses in North Yorkshire and Cleveland (1984), 20-23. 7 P. Ryder Canons Garth, Helmsley: an historic building assessment (2012). 8 B Harrison and B Hutton Vernacular houses in North Yorkshire and Cleveland (1984), 20-23. 9 P. Ryder Canons Garth, Helmsley: an historic building assessment (2012). Tree-ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

10 YVBSG rep. no.1625 (2002). 11 W Yorks, & Cleveland Vernacular Bldgs. Study Grp. Rep. 685. 12 D Michelmore The Long Barn, Whiston Hall, in P F Ryder Timber framed buildings in S Yorks County Archaeol Monograph 1 (1979), 112-113. 13 VAG 1989 Spring Conference programme, , 36. 14 P F Ryder T Fr Bldgs in S Yorks (1979), addendum (unpaginated). 15 P F Ryder T Fr Bldgs in S Yorks (1979), 62-9. 16 B Harrison & B Hutton Vernacular houses in North Yorkshire and Cleveland (1984), 31, 35, 76. 17 RCHME Rural houses of West Yorkshire 1400-1830 HMSO 1986 18 B Harrison & B Hutton Vernacular houses in North Yorkshire and Cleveland (1984), 169-170. 19 Yorks Archaeol J 51 (1979), 159-161. 20 M. Johnson 32 Goodramgate, York: building recording report York Archaeol. Trust rep 2013/28 (2013). 21 P. Short ‘The 14th-century rows of York’ Archaeol. J. 137 (1979), 86-137. 22 RCHME An inventory of the historical monuments in the City of York 5 The central area (1981), 88-91. 23 RCHME An inventory of the historical monuments in the City of York 5 The central area (1981), 88-91. 24 RCHME An inventory of the historical monuments in the City of York 5 The central area (1981), 217-8. 25 RCHME An inventory of the historical monuments in the City of York 5 The central area (1981), 88-91. 26 RCHME An inventory of the historical monuments in the City of York 5 The central area (1981), 91-93; VAG Spring Conference York 2004, 32-3.