DOCSLIB.ORG

8. Aletta Henriëtte Jacobs 1854 –1929

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
8. Aletta Henriëtte Jacobs 1854 –1929 8. Aletta Henriëtte Jacobs 1854 –1929 ‘Fighting for what is right, makes life worth living’. Zo kennen we haar, een vrouw die kracht uitstraalde, aandacht en liefde, en die zichzelf niet spaarde. Aletta is in Nederland bekend als de eerste vrouwelijke huisarts. Zij vocht voor de rechten en de gezondheid van vrouwen in een tijd waarin deze onder rechteloosheid, armoede en slechte gezondheid leden. Vanaf het begin van haar loopbaan ontwikkelde zij een groot talent voor de omgang met gezaghebbende kringen, die haar politieke en sociale doelen zouden kunnen steunen. Als overtuigd voorvechtster voor het vrouwenkiesrecht vervulde zij een belangrijke rol in de (inter)nationale beweging. In die kring nam zij in 1914, na het uitbreken van de Eerste Wereldoorlog, het besluit de vrouwenstrijd te verbinden met het verzet tegen de oorlog. De kiesrechtvrouwen konden voor hun congres niet in Berlijn terecht, maar toen dat helemaal afgezegd werd nam zij het voortouw, samen met Rosa Manus en geïnspireerd door Chrystal Macmillan. Zij nodigde alle vrouwen uit naar Den Haag te komen voor een Congres of Women, dat door de Nederlandse afdeling georganiseerd zou worden. ‘In the dreadfull times, in which so much hate has been spread among the different nations, the women have to show that we at least retain our solidarity and that we are able to maintain mutual friendship’. De doelstelling was duidelijk: oproepen tot vrede, met internationale solidariteit en vrouwelijke kracht. Op 28 april 1915 sprak Aletta de openingsrede uit, Jane Addams werd de presidente. Het werd een goed congres. Aletta en Rosa Manus bleven tot 1919 zorgen voor het internationale werk. Aletta bleef tot 1922 actief in missies en acties, het laatst naar de Volkenbond in Berlijn en Parijs. Velen heb- ben haar keuzen bewonderd. Zij stond met de andere vrouwen midden in de problemen van haar tijd én zij waren met hun optiek van reconciliation in practice hun tijd ver vooruit. Na haar sterven schreef Carrie Chapman Catt: ‘The world is always a little more lonesome when a good friend goes’. 8. Aletta Henriëtte Jacobs 1854 –1929 “Fighting for what is right, makes life worth living.” That is how we know her, a woman beaming with power, attention to detail and love; placing the need of others before herself. Aletta is known in the Netherlands as the first female general practitioner. She fought for the rights and wellbeing of women in a time in which they suffered of rightlessness, poverty and poor health conditions. From the start of her career she developed a great talent for mingling within powerful circles that would come to support her political and social goals. As a confident advocate for women’s voting rights she played a prominent role in the international movement. Amid those circles in 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, she decided to conjoin her efforts for women with protesting against the war. The women for voting rights were not al- lowed to come together at their congress in Berlin and when this was canceled complete- ly, she took the lead alongside of Rosa Manus, and inspired by Chrystal Macmillan. She invited all of the women to come to The Hague for a Congress of Women, to be organized by the Dutch section. “In the dreadfull times, in which so much hate has been spread among the different nations, the women have to show that we at least retain our solidarity and that we are able to maintain mutual friendship.” The purpose was clear: to call for peace, in an atmosphere of international solidarity and female strength. On 28 April 1915, Aletta deliv- ered the inaugural address, after which she transferred her chairmanship to Jane Addams. The congress was a great success. Aletta and Rosa Manus took care of the international work until 1919. Aletta remained active in missions and actions until 1922, which included trips to the League of Nations in Berlin and Paris. Many have admired her choices. She was, among other women, in the center of the issues of her time and with their view of reconciliation in practice far beyond their time. After she died Carrie Chapman Catt wrote: “The world is always a little more lonesome when a good friend goes.” 5. Anita Augspurg 1857 – 1943 Anita Augspurg gehörte zu den 28 deutschen Delegierten für den Haager Kongress. Als Mitglied des Internationalen Komitees war sie außerdem Co-Organisatorin zur Ausrichtung des Internationalen Friedenskongresses. In der Debatte um Resolution 8 „Demokratische Kontrolle der Außenpolitik“ hielt sie eine brillante Rede, in der sie ihre Überzeugung vertrat, dass Krieg so gut wie unmöglich sein würde, wenn das Volk über die Beziehungen der eigenen Regierung zu anderen Regierungen entscheiden könnte. Zusammen mit anderen Friedensaktivistinnen gründete sie die deutsche Sektion der WIL- PF unmittelbar nach dem Haager Kongress. Im politischen Klima von Nationalismus und Militarisierung der 1920er Jahre bildete sich die deutsche WILPF als eine radikale Frauen Friedensorganisation heraus. Anfang der 1930er Jahre waren mehr als 2000 Frauen in fast 100 kleinen und größeren Städten aktiv: Gemeinsam setzten sie sich für die politische und gleichberechtigte Teilhabe von Frauen ein, forderten eine friedliche Lösung von Konflikten, einen andauernden Frieden und die Sicherung von Freiheit. Mit ihrer Lebensgefährtin Lida Gustava Heymann gründete sie die feministisch-pazifistische Zeitschrift „Die Frau im Staat“. 1933, nach der Machtübernahme der Nationalsozialisten unter Hitler, emigrierten beide Frauen in die Schweiz. Nach 47 Jahren enger Freundschaft starb Anita im Dezember 1943 im Züricher Exil, nur fünf Monate nach Lida Gustava. 5. Anita Augspurg 1857 – 1943 Dr Anita Augsburg was one of the 28-strong German delegation at The Hague. She was also a member of the International Committee that organized the Congress. She gave a brilliant speech in the debate on Resolution 8: Democratic Control of Foreign Policy, when she spoke up for her conviction that if people could vote on the question to start a war or not, they would firmly decide against war. Along with other women peace activists she set up WILPF Germany immediately after the congress. Amongst the political atmosphere of nationalism and militarism in Germany during the 1920s, the section established itself as a radical peace and feminist organization. In the early 1930s there were more than 2,000 members in almost 100 towns and smaller places. In joint actions they campaigned for equal political participation of women, claiming peaceful solutions of conflicts and enduring peace and freedom. With her partner Lida Gustava Heymann she founded the pacifist-feminist newspaper “Die Frau im Staat”. In 1933 both women emigrated to Switzerland due to the rise of Hitler. After 47 years of a lasting relationship and still in exile Anita died in December 1943, only five months after Lida Gustava. 11. Anna Kleman 1862 –1940 Anna Kleman föddes 1862 i Karlskrona, i södra Sverige. Hennes föräldrar var Kommendörkapten Karl Kleman och Augusta Grahm. Hon var syster till Ellen Kleman. Anna Kleman var en aktiv förespråkare för Fred och var en av 16 svenska kvinnor som del- tog på kongressen i Haag 1915, som en del av den Svenska kommittén, för vilken hon var ordförande. Mellan 1915-1918 var hon den svenska representanten i den ‘Internationella styrelsen’. Under denna period arbetade hon också för ‘Rädda barnen’ och var ett tag dess ordförande. Anna Kleman ägnade mycket av sin tid åt välgörenhetsarbete och arbetade på försäkringsbolaget Thule för att försörja sig. Innan hennes engagemang i IKFF var hon aktiv inom Kvinnliga rösträttsrörelsen och deltog på den ’Internationella rösträttskongressen’ i Stockholm 1911. Hon blev senare medlem i ’Internationella kvinnorådet’ och bjöds in till dess kongress i Washington 1925 och rapporterade därifrån för tidningen Hertha. Hon avled 1940. 11. Anna Kleman 1862 – 1940 Anna Kleman was born in 1862 in Karlskrona, Southern Sweden. Her parents were Commander Karl Kleman and Augusta Grahm. She was the sister of Ellen Kleman. Anna Kleman was an active advocate for peace and one of 16 Swedish women who partic- ipated in den Haag 1915. She was elected chair of the Swedish section of the International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace from 1915 to 1918 and a Swedish delegate to 1919 Congress in Zürich. Anna Kleman devoted much of her time to charity work and worked for the insurance company Thule in order to support herself. During World War One, she worked for ‘Save the Children’ and for a period acted as the chair. Active in women’s suffrage movement, she published The Woman’s Civil Rights in 1908 and participated in the ‘International Suffrage Congress’ in Stockholm in 1911. She later became a member of the “International Council of Women” and was invited to their congress in Washington 1925, from where she sent reports for the journal Hertha. 9. Chrystal Macmillan 1872 – 1937 Chrystal Macmillan campaigned all her life for full citizenship rights for women. The first female science graduate from the University of Edinburgh, she campaigned for women’s right to vote and spoke in House of Lords in 1908 to demand the same right for female graduates as male graduates to the vote under the University franchise. As secretary of International Woman Suffrage Alliance [IWSA], she became the organiser of the International Women’s Relief Committee soon after WWI hostilities commenced in August 1914. The following year she worked with Dutch women to organise the Women’s International Congress, where 1,136 women from Europe and North America gathered to discuss the root causes of war and how women might influence political leaders toward peace. Chrystal was one of five envoys elected by Congress, to travel back and forward across war-torn Europe and to USA, meeting with political leaders, urging them to use mediation to negotiate an end to war.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gulnara Shahinian and Democracy Today Armenia Are Awarded the Anita Augspurg Prize "Women Rebels Against War"
    Heidi Meinzolt Laudatory speech, September 21 in Verden: Gulnara Shahinian and Democracy today Armenia are awarded the Anita Augspurg Prize "Women rebels against war". Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends, dear Gulnara, We are celebrating for the second time the Anita Augspurg Award "Women rebels against war". Today, exactly 161 years ago, the women's rights activist Anita Augspurg was born here in Verden. Her memory is cherished by many dedicated people here, in Munich, where she lived and worked for many years, and internationally as co-founder of our organization of the "International Women's League for Peace and Freedom" more than 100 years ago With this award we want to honour and encourage women who are committed to combating militarism and war and strive for women’s rights and Peace. On behalf of the International Women's League for Peace and Freedom, I want to thank all those who made this award ceremony possible. My special thanks go to: Mayor Lutz Brockmann, Annika Meinecke, the city representative for equal opportunities members of the City Council of Verden, all employees of the Town Hall, all supporters, especially the donors our international guests from Ukraine, Kirgistan, Italy, Sweden, Georgia who are with us today because we have an international meeting of the Civic Solidarity Platform of OSCE this weekend in Hamburg and last but not least Irmgard Hofer , German president of WILPF in the name of all present WILPFers Before I talk more about our award-winner, I would like to begin by reminding you the life and legacy of Anita Augspurg, with a special focus on 1918, exactly 100 years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • T.He Women's Manifesto
    NEUTRAL CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS No. 2. T.HE WOMEN'S MANIFESTO A CLEAR AND CONCISE EXPOSITION Of THE INCEPTION AND DEVEL­ OPMENT Of THE PLAN fOR A NEUTRAL CONfERENCE fOR CON­ TINUOUS MEDIATION. IT CON­ TAlNS, WITH BRIEf EXPLANATORY INTRODUCTION, THE fULL TEXT Of A MANIfESTO ISSUED IN NEW YORK CITY, OCTOBER 15, 1915, BY ENVOYS Of THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS Of WOMEN AT THE HAGUE J STOCKHOLM NEUTRAL CO~fERENCE fOR CONTINUOUS MEDIATION 191 6 NEUTRAL CONfERENCE DOCUMENTS l. Continuous Mediation, by julia Grace Wales. 2 The Women's Manifesto. 3. Projet international de mediation continue, (Expose sommaire) par julia Grace Wales. 4. a Resolution of the Henry ford Peace Expedition (in English) 4. b ditto (in Swedish) 4. c ditto (in french) PRINTED BY TRYCKERI A.-B. THULE D~OTTNINGOATAN 47, STOCKHOLM. HE International Congress of Women, which met at TThe Hague last April, appointed two groups of envoys, one to the belligerent governments, and to Holland and Switzerland; the other to Russia and the Scandinavian eountries. The reports of these embassies form the basis for theannouneement. The statement is signed by Dr. Jacobs, of Holland; Miss Chrystal Macmillan, of Great Britain; Mme. Rosika Schwimrner, of Hungary; Prof. Emily Greene Balch, of Wellesley College, and Miss Jane Addams, of Hull House, Chicago. The envoys were received by the following, among others: Prime Minister Asquith and Foreign Minister Sir Edward Grey, in London. Chancellor von Bethmann-Hollweg, and For­ eign Minister von J agow, in Berlin. Prime Minister Stuergkh, Foreign Minister Bu­ rian, in Vienna; Prime Minister Tisza, in Budapest. Prime Minister Salandra and Foreign Minister Sonino, in Rome.
    [Show full text]
  • *Schwimmer Rosika V1.Pages
    Early WILPF Women Name: Rosika Schwimmer Dates: 11 September 1877 – 3 August 1948 Born: Budapest, Hungary Education: Brief schooling in Budapest, convent school in town of Temesvár (modern-day Timisoara, Romania). Languages spoken: Hungarian, German, French and English. In addition Rosika could read Dutch, Italian, Norwegian and Swedish. 1896 Began work as a book-keeper. Founded the National Association of Women Office Workers in 1897 and was their President until 1912. Founded the Hungarian Association of Working Women in 1903. 1904 Founded the Hungarian Council of Women. 1904 Addressed the International Women's Congress in Berlin. Moved to London to take up the post of Press Secretary of the International Women's Suffrage Alliance. 1913 Organised the 7th Congress of the Woman Suffrage Alliance and was elected corresponding secretary. 1914 Went to the USA to urge Woodrow Wilson to form a conference of neutral countries to negotiate an end to the war. 1915 Helped form the Women's Peace Party. 1915 Attended the International Women's Conference in The Hague 1915. Rosika was a member of one of the delegations to meet politicians and diplomats to encourage peaceful mediation to end the war. After meeting with Prime Minister, Cort van der Linden in The Hague, she travelled to: Copenhagen, Christiana and Stockholm. After the Armistice Rosika became Vice-President of the Women's International League (from 1919 the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom). When international leaders refused to take action on mediation, Rosika began making plans for an unofficial, privately sponsored international meeting. In November 1915, Henry Ford, the leading American automobile manufacturer, agreed to back Rosika's plan.
    [Show full text]
  • Università Degli Studi Della Tuscia Di Viterbo
    UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DELLA TUSCIA DI VITERBO DIPARTIMENTO DI STORIA E CULTURA DEL TESTO E DEL DOCUMENTO Corso di Dottorato di Ricerca Storia d’Europa: società, politica, istituzioni (XIX e XX sec.) XXIV ciclo L’Associazionismo internazionale delle donne tra diritti, democrazia, politiche di pace 1888-1939 M-STO/04 Dottoranda: Elda Guerra Tutor: Prof. Leonardo Rapone Coordinatrice: Prof.ssa Gabriella Ciampi 1 Indice Introduzione 3 I.L’Associazionismo internazionale delle donne nel passaggio di secolo 12 1. La tessitura della rete 12 2. Tra vecchio e nuovo mondo 16 3. Alla vigilia del nuovo secolo: Londra 1899 22 4. Pace e arbitrato internazionale 27 5. Un problema aperto: il voto politico 33 6. La nascita dell’International Woman Suffrage Alliance 36 7. Di fronte alla guerra: posizioni differenti 46 8. Alle origini del femminismo pacifista: percorsi teorici e azione politica 55 II.Un nuovo scenario per un’agenda politica transnazionale 64 1. Il contesto post-bellico: il voto e non solo 64 2. Ritessere la rete: un nuovo internazionalismo 68 3. Due percorsi 75 4. Da Zurigo a Vienna: l’internazionalismo femminile pacifista 83 5. Alla ricerca di politiche per gli anni Venti tra innovazione e continuità 94 6. Il dialogo con la Società delle Nazioni: convergenze e limiti 105 III.Un movimento per la pace 114 1. Un problema di analisi storica e lessico storiografico 114 2. L’avvio di un processo: la conferenza su “The Prevention of the Causes of War” 116 3. Differenze e convergenze nel discorso sulla pace 132 4. Un complesso percorso di cambiamento 139 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovative Means to Promote Peace During World War I. Julia Grace Wales and Her Plan for Continuous Mediation
    Master’s Degree programme in International Relations Second Cycle (D.M. 270/2004) Final Thesis Innovative Means to Promote Peace During World War I. Julia Grace Wales and Her Plan for Continuous Mediation. Supervisor Ch. Prof. Bruna Bianchi Assistant supervisor Ch. Prof. Geraldine Ludbrook Graduand Flaminia Curci Matriculation Number 860960 Academic Year 2017 / 2018 ABSTRACT At the breakout of World War I many organizations for promoting peace emerged all over the world and in the United States as well, especially after the subsequent American declaration of war in April 1917. Peace movements began to look for new means for settling the dispute, and a large contribution was offered by women. World War I gave women the chance to rise their public acknowledgment and to increase their rights through war-related activities. The International Congress of Women at The Hague held in April 1915, demonstrates the great ability of women in advocating peace activities. Among the resolutions adopted by Congress stands out the Plan for Continuous Mediation without Armistice theorized by the Canadian peace activist Julia Grace Wales (see Appendix II). This thesis intends to investigate Julia Grace Wales’ proposal for a Conference of neutral nations for continuous and independent mediation without armistice. After having explored women’s activism for peace in the United States with a deep consideration to the role of women in Canada, the focus is addressed on a brief description of Julia Grace Wales’ life in order to understand what factors led her to conceive such a plan. Through the analysis of her plan and her writings it is possible to understand that her project is not only an international arbitration towards the only purpose of welfare, but also an analysis of the conditions that led to war so as to change them for avoiding future wars.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender and Colonial Politics After the Versailles Treaty
    Wildenthal, L. (2010). Gender and Colonial Politics after the Versailles Treaty. In Kathleen Canning, Kerstin Barndt, and Kristin McGuire (Eds.), Weimar Publics/ Weimar Subjects. Rethinking the Political Culture of Germany in the 1920s (pp. 339-359). New York: Berghahn. Gender and Colonial Politics after the Versailles Treaty Lora Wildenthal In November 1918, the revolutionary government of republican Germany proclaimed the political enfranchisement of women. In June 1919, Article 119 of the Versailles Treaty announced the disenfranchisement of German men and women as colonizers. These were tremendous changes for German women and for the colonialist movement. Yet colonialist women's activism changed surprisingly little, and the Weimar Republic proved to be a time of vitality for the colonialist movement. The specific manner in which German decolonization took place profoundly shaped interwar colonialist activism. It took place at the hands of other colonial powers and at the end of the first "total" war. The fact that other imperial metropoles forced Germany to relinquish its colonies, and not colonial subjects (many of whom had tried and failed to drive Germans from their lands in previous years), meant that German colonialists focused their criticisms on those powers. When German colonialists demanded that the Versailles Treaty be revised so that they could once again rule over Africans and others, they were expressing not only a racist claim to rule over supposed inferiors but also a reproach to the Entente powers for betraying fellow white colonizers. The specific German experience of decolonization affected how Germans viewed their former colonial subjects. In other cases of decolonization, bitter wars of national liberation dismantled fantasies of affection between colonizer and colonized.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction: Women's International Activism During the Inter-War Period
    Introduction: women’s international activism during the inter-war period, 1919-1939’ SHARP, Ingrid and STIBBE, Matthew <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-8183> Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/12317/ This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version SHARP, Ingrid and STIBBE, Matthew (2016). Introduction: women’s international activism during the inter-war period, 1919-1939’. Women's History Review, 26 (2), 163-172. Copyright and re-use policy See http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://shura.shu.ac.uk Introduction: Women’s International Activism during the Inter-War Period, 1919-1939* Ingrid Sharp and Matthew Stibbe* This article explains why women’s international activism in the inter-war period should be a subject of scholarly interest, and also discusses the myriad and vibrant forms it could take. For some women campaigners, international work – whether through .established national women’s movements or via separate, radical pacifist organisations – was crucial for the prevention of war and the maintenance of world peace. However, this was not the only motivation. Others were interested in the scientific or professional advantages of combining knowledge at international or transnational level. Others still were keen to exploit international links in order to further political objectives closer to home, such as the achievement of women’s suffrage, the encouragement of inter-cultural understanding between women from different ethnic, religious or linguistic backgrounds, or the promotion of conservative values, anti-communism or physical fitness within particular national or multi-national settings.
    [Show full text]
  • Split Infinities: German Feminisms and the Generational Project Birgit
    This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Oxford German Studies on 15 April 2016, available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00787191.2015.1128648 Split Infinities: German Feminisms and the Generational Project Birgit Mikus, University of Oxford Emily Spiers, St Andrews University When, in the middle of the nineteenth century, the German women’s movement took off, female activists/writers expressed a desire for their political work to initiate a generational project. The achievement of equal democratic rights for men and women was perceived to be a process in which the ‘democratic spirit’ was instilled in future generations through education and the provision of exceptional role models. The First Wave of the women’s movement laid the ground, through their writing, campaigning, and petitioning, for the eventual success of obtaining women’s suffrage and sending female, elected representatives to the Reichstag in 1919. My part of this article, drawing on the essays by Hedwig Dohm (1831–1919) analyses how the idea of women’s political and social emancipation is phrased in the rhetoric of a generational project which will, in the short term, bring only minor changes to the status quo but which will enable future generations to build on the foundations of the (heterogeneous, but mostly bourgeoisie-based) first organised German women’s movement, and which was intended to function as a generational repository of women’s intellectual history. When, in the mid-2000s, a number of pop-feminist essayistic volumes appeared in Germany, their authors expressed the desire to reinvigorate feminism for a new generation of young women.
    [Show full text]
  • Living War, Thinking Peace (1914-1924)
    Living War, Thinking Peace (1914-1924) Living War, Thinking Peace (1914-1924): Women’s Experiences, Feminist Thought, and International Relations Edited by Bruna Bianchi and Geraldine Ludbrook Living War, Thinking Peace (1914-1924): Women’s Experiences, Feminist Thought, and International Relations Edited by Bruna Bianchi and Geraldine Ludbrook This book first published 2016 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2016 by Bruna Bianchi, Geraldine Ludbrook and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-8684-X ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-8684-0 CONTENTS Introduction .............................................................................................. viii Bruna Bianchi and Geraldine Ludbrook Part One: Living War. Women’s Experiences during the War Chapter One ................................................................................................. 2 Women in Popular Demonstrations against the War in Italy Giovanna Procacci Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 26 Inside the Storm: The Experiences of Women during the Austro-German Occupation
    [Show full text]
  • Resolutions Adopted
    INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF WOMEN THE HAGUE - APRIL 28TH TO MAY 1ST 1915 RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED '. International Congress of Women THE HAOUE = THE NETHERLANDS. APRIL 28th TO MAY 1st. 1915. PRESIDENT OF THE CONGRESS: JANE ADDAMS. International Committee of the Congress: LEOP. KULKA, ~ Austria. OLGA MISAR, EUGENIE HAMER, ~ B I. MARGUERITE SARTEN, ~ e glUm. THORA DAUGAARD, ~ D k enmar • CLARA TYBJERG, Dr. ANITA AUGSPURG, ~ Germany. LIDA GUSTAVA HEYMANN, Secretary& Interpreter, CHRYSTAL MACMILLAN, Secretary, ~ Great Britain and Ireland. KATHLEEN COURTNEY, Interpreter, ~ VILMA GLUCKLICH, ~ Hungary. ROSIKA SCHWIMMER, ~ ROSE GENONI, Italy. Dr. ALETTA JACOBS, l' HANNA VAN BIEMA-HYMANS, Secretary, Netherlands. Dr MIA BOISSEVAIN, Dr. EMILY ARNESEN, l N LOUISA KEILHAU, l orway. ANNA KLEMAN, ~ S d we en. EMMA HANSSON, JANE ADDAMS, President, U.S.A. FANNIE FERN ANDREWS, SOME PARTICULARS ABOUT THE CONGRESS. How the Congress was called. The scheme of an International Congress of Women was formulated at a small conference of Women from neutral and belligerent countries, held at Amsterdam, early in Febr. 1915. A preliminary programme was drafted at this meeting, and it was agreed to request the Dutch Women to form a Com­ mittee to take in hand all the arrangement for the Congress and to issue the invitations. Finance. The expenses of the Congress were guaranteed by British, Dutch and German Women present who all agreed to raise one third of the sum required. Membership. Invitations to take part in the Congress were sent to women's organisations and mixed organisations as well as to individual women all over the world. Each organisation was invited to appoint two delegates.
    [Show full text]
  • IAW Centenary Edition 1904-2004
    Centenary Edition Congress Rome 1923 International Alliance of Women Equal Rights - Equal Responsibilities 1904-2004 Alliance International des Femmes Droits Égaux - Responsabilités Égales Centenary Edition: Our Name 1904-1926 First Constitution adopted in Berlin, Germany, June 2 & 4, 1904 Article 1 - Name: The Name of this organization shall be the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (IWSA) Alliance Internationale pour le suffrage des Femmes Weltbund für Frauen-stimmrecht 1926-1949 Constitution adopted in Paris, 1926 Article 1 - Name: The name of the federation shall be the International Alliance of Women for Suffrage and Equal Citizenship (IAWSEC) Alliance Internationale pour le suffrage des Femmes et pour l’Action civique et politique des Femmes 1949-2004 The third Constitution adopted in Amsterdam, 1949 Article 1 - Name: The name of the federation shall be the International Alliance of Women, Equal Rights - Equal Responsibilities (IAW) L’Alliance Internationale des Femmes, Droits Egaux - Responsabilités Égales (AIF) Centenary Edition:Author Foreword Foreword My personal introduction to the International Alliance somehow lost track of my copy of that precious document. of Women happened in dramatic circumstances. Having Language and other difficulties were overcome as we been active in the women’s movement, I was one of those scrounged typewriters, typing and carbon paper, and were fortunate to be included in the Australian non-government able to distribute to all of the United Nations delegations delegation to Mexico City in 1975. our
    [Show full text]
  • Seventy-Five Years of International Women's Collecting: Legacies
    S E ss ION 5 0 6 Seventy-Five Years of International Women’s Collecting: Legacies, Successes, Obstacles, and New Directions Rachel Miller, Danelle Moon, and Anke Voss Abstract These three papers investigate the establishment and trajectories of three institutions devoted to the documentation of women’s history: the World Center for Women’s Archives in New York, the International Archives of the Women’s Movement (now known as the Aletta Institute for Women’s History) in Amsterdam, and the International Museum of Women in San Francisco. The panelists detail the challenges faced by each institution and discuss the key founding personalities. Introduction Danelle Moon his retrospective analysis of two women’s archives and one women’s museum Tilluminates the projects’ attendant successes and obstacles, which speak to the historical, national, professional, and interpersonal contexts in which they were each founded. The authors also chart out the projects’ legacies and their transmutations into the digital realm. We will evaluate the impact that the Session 506 at the 75th Annual Meeting of the Society of American Archivists, Chicago, Illinois, Saturday, 27 August 2011. Danelle Moon chaired this session and speakers were Rachel Miller, Anke Voss, and Danelle Moon. The American Archivist, Vol. 74 ( 2011/ Supplement) : 506:1–20 506:1 T HE A MERIC A N A RCHIVIS T O NLINE S UPPLEMEN T individual founders, largely comprised in 1935 and 1936 of suffragists and historians, of the New York–based World Center for Women’s Archives and the Amsterdam-based Aletta Institute for Women’s History, had on the early development of women’s collections.
    [Show full text]