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COMMERCIAL Commercial Services About Trinity House Trinity House is the General Lighthouse Authority (GLA) for England, Wales, the Channel Islands and Gibraltar. It provides and maintains more than 600 aids to navigation ranging from lighthouses and buoys through to the latest satellite navigation technology. dditionally, Trinity House Trinity House is also a major inspects over 11,000 local maritime charity, operating as Aaids to navigation provided a separate entity to the GLA. by port and harbour authorities, The charity is wholly funded and those positioned on offshore by its endowments. It spends structures. Increasingly Trinity approximately £6 million every House undertakes commercial work year on the welfare of mariners, helping to fund its obligations as education and training of future an aids to navigation provider. seafarers, promoting safety at sea and fulfilling its role as a Along with the other two GLAs Deep Sea Pilotage Authority. for the United Kingdom and Ireland, Trinity House is funded by the General Lighthouse Fund. The fund is supported by Light Dues, a fee levied on commercial shipping calling at ports in the United Kingdom and Ireland. How the GLAs are funded The General Lighthouse Authorities for the United Kingdom and Ireland are funded by a system called Light Dues. ight Dues rates for the UK are Most Light Dues are payable based set by the Secretary of State on the cargo capacity of a vessel Lfor Transport under Section (registered net tonnage) and 205 of the Merchant Shipping Act payable for the first nine visits to 1995. The Irish Government sets the a UK or Irish port per year. level of Light Dues in Ireland under The Commissioners of Irish Lights, the Merchant Shipping (Light Dues) the Northern Lighthouse Board and Act 1983. Trinity House Lighthouse Service Light Dues are payable by vessels are all funded from the General using a UK or Irish port and Lighthouse Fund which receives are collected by Trinity House no funding from the UK exchequer. Lighthouse Service electronically The Republic of Ireland Government and placed in a central account, make an annual contribution to the General Lighthouse Fund. meet the cost of maintaining aids to navigation in Ireland. A brief history of Trinity House Initially responsible for the welfare of decayed seamen and the Although its origins are lost to obscurity, it is clear that regulation of pilots on the Thames, when the ‘Masters, rulers and mariners of the King’s Navy the Brethren of Trinity House in the Thames and other places’ presented a petition to assumed a reputation for expertise King Henry VIII on 19 March 1513, this charitable Guild was in a great number of maritime already in possession of a well-established great hall and matters, and so their formal duties grew to include — among almshouses, close to the Naval Dockyard at Deptford on other things — the victualling and the River Thames. manning of the King’s ships and the dredging and sale of ballast from he petition — concerning the bed of the Thames river. the incorporation of that Queen Elizabeth I would soon fraternity “so that they might T recognise the achievements of this regulate the pilotage of ships in “company of the chiefest and most the King’s streams” — resulted in expert masters and governors of Henry granting a Royal Charter ships” with an Act of Parliament in on 20 May 1514 to ‘The Master 1565 allowing them to set up “so Wardens and Assistants of the Guild many beacons, marks, and signs for Fraternity or Brotherhood of the the sea… whereby the dangers may most glorious and undivided Trinity be avoided and escaped, and ships and of St. Clement in the Parish of the better come into their ports Deptford Strond, in the County of without peril.” Elizabeth would also Kent’, commonly referred to as the grant the Corporation its Coat of Corporation of Trinity House. Arms, in 1573. In 1604, the charter was amended by Navies and leading figures in responsibility for District Pilotage James I to reflect the significantly the shipping industry. Since 2011, was transferred to Port and Harbour expanding workload of the 13 HRH The Princess Royal has been Authorities under the 1987 Pilotage Brethren; the number of Brethren Master of Trinity House. Act, Trinity House was the Pilotage was increased to 31, who became the Authority for London and over 40 The same charter would also confer Elder Brethren, and the remainder other districts, including the major on Trinity House rights concerning became the Younger Brethren. ports of Southampton and Harwich. compulsory pilotage of shipping Today the Corporation is comprised and the exclusive right to license From 1594 until the last years of the of a fraternity of over 300 Brethren pilots in the River Thames. Until its 19th century, Trinity House earned drawn from the Royal and Merchant money for the welfare of distressed accounted for severe ship losses, many run privately for profit. The seamen and the local poor by notably around the sands between reliability of many of the private selling dredged material from the Lowestoft and Winterton. A petition lights left much to be desired and Thames to sailing vessels requiring for a lit seamark was drawn up so in 1836 legislation was passed ballastage after discharging their by shipowners of the east coast, placing all remaining privately- cargoes in the port of London. who claimed that “no doubte but owned lights under the management With the rapid growth of shipping, everyman that tradethe the North of Trinity House. ballastage was a very profitable partes will willingly contribute Over time, the function of building, business until the introduction of thereunto.” maintaining and manning seamarks steel ships capable of holding sea The resulting lighthouse was the evolved into the Lighthouse water ballast. first to be built by Trinity House: a Service, which required a Support Although the 1565 Seamarks Act pair of wooden towers at Lowestoft, Vessel Service, six district depots gave the Corporation the right to with candle illuminants, to act as around the coast and a fleet of as erect lighthouses and beacons, ‘leading lights’ “for the direction of many as 90 lightvessels. Trinity as well as the right to claim dues ships which crept by night”, erected House’s commitment to providing from ships passing them, it did in 1609. The King’s Privy Council an economical service to the not exercise this right until over allowed for a levy of four pence on mariner meant that, in the late 20th 40 years later. With the increase ships passing the light, to cover the century, the number of depots and in shipping along the Newcastle cost of maintenance and fuel. lightvessels were reduced, and the to London coal route, collisions lighthouses were switched over to The next two hundred years saw and the shoals along the coast had automatic operation. a proliferation of lighthouses, The lighthouses, lightvessels and buoys are now watched over from Harwich, Swansea and St. Just, and the headquarters at Tower Hill, London, which has stood since 1795. The Corporation continues its original role as a charity today, dispersing as much as £6 million annually for the welfare and education of mariners. In many ways the Corporation is still the same guild of Master Mariners that was incorporated in 1514, and to this day it operates from the renewed Royal Charter drafted by the Corporation’s Master Samuel Pepys in 1685. The Smeaton tower was lit by a lit by a was tower The Smeaton out poor which gave candelabra, than the better but was luminosity, used. oil lamp he had previously the oil the burning of The soot the object defeated off lamp gave Trinity a light. When having of in 1807 the tower House acquired with the candelabra it replaced lamps, the named after ‘Argand’ who Ami Argand inventor Swiss of placing that the effect discovered a burning oil wick in a glass tube was flame as the brighter a significantly the flame had meant confined space alight. keep air to in more draw to further improved This light was fuelled lamp was when the Argand sperm oil. by the cleaner-burning only to not reflectors The use of but intensity the light’s increase the light help differentiate to the was its neighbours from and improved breakthrough next the exhausted for navigation sheets in Bending brass seafarer. the light and helped refract arcs to Johan in the 19th century Swede making of a way devised Nordqvist turn using a clock-like the apparatus mechanism and pendulum creating The sources flashing lights. the first the light changed including of electricity in selected the use of 1800s the late lighthouses from from the paraffin and the use of 1900s.early came this the advances Following to improvements of in the form the glass lenses which concentrated a method beam, light in a horizontal be seen today. still which can sees the sources now Technology of electricity developed with with electricity developed of the 66 lighthouses under some of jurisdiction having House’s Trinity were also Smeaton (Eddystone) and and (Eddystone) also Smeaton were (Bell Rock in Scotland). Stevenson themselves while the towers Yet constructions impressive were of interlocking rock, interlocking of the light than much better wasn’t emitted shone. previously House lightvessel Trinity manned the last Channel station, predating even our first Royal Charter Royal our first even predating in a tradition the latest Kent, built at Walmer, new power systems reduce CO reduce systems new power Tynemouth Bay, Mary’s House lighthouse at St. Trinity a Trinity House’s first Rapid Intervention Vessel Rapid Intervention first House’s Trinity of service to the mariner service to of lighthouse House Trinity manned the last Foreland, operation powered solar to be converted House lighthouse to THV operation; automatic to be converted to rock lighthouse Trinity House the first operational becomes Lighthouse Authorities General by the provided (DGPS) network System The house is faithfully restored in 1953 restored The house is faithfully during the Blitz.
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