Cindy Milstein on Mending the World As Jewish Anarchists

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cindy Milstein on Mending the World As Jewish Anarchists 40 of 40 The Final Straw is a weekly anarchist and anti-authoritari- an radio show bringing you voices and ideas from struggle around the world. Since 2010, we’ve been broadcasting from AN INTERVIEW WITH occupied Tsalagi land in Southern Appalachia (Asheville, NC). We also frequently feature commentary (serious and humors) by anarchist prisoner, Sean Swain. CINDY MILSTEIN ON MENDING THE WORLD AS JEWISH ANARCHISTS You can send us letters at: The Final Straw Radio PO Box 6004 Asheville, NC 28816 USA Email us at: [email protected] or [email protected] To hear our past shows for free, visit: https://thefinalstrawradio.noblogs.org THE FINAL STRAW RADIO - Aired On June 20, 2021 2 of 40 39 of 40 TFSR Could you introduce yourself for the listeners? Your name and pro- liberatory. Queer liberation. Jewish liberation sounds weird. But I nouns and any other information that you’d like people to know about you? do want like a liberatory-ness within our Judaism and our Jewish- ness as radicals and anarchists and queers, you know? I wanted it to Cindy Milstein First, I really want to thank you for having me on the be bold and beautiful, and assertive in a way of beauty. But not just Final Straw and preparing so well ahead of time for this. My name for Jews, I really, I hope. I’ve been really happy. Because one thing I is Cindy Milstein. And I use they or he for pronouns. And yeah... was trying to do with this was to not just have this be something for prior to the pandemic, I was doing a lot of anarchist organizing, Jews, to have the anthology really show interconnections of strug- including anarchist summer school, and was part of the Montreal gles and identities. Jews are all colors, all languages, all places, there Bookfair Collective. And I focus a lot on doing care, solidarity and are no borders within Judaism. If we don’t see that enough, we push grief projects. And I also do books! So I’m on the show today about ourselves harder. I’m not saying that it’s perfect at all. But there is no homogeneous Jew. And that points to this beauty of “we are all the latest anthology I just did. things across all borders.” And including beyond just Judaism. So TFSR Yeah, I was really excited about this book: “Nothing So Whole as a I hope... I feel like it touches people on this other level outside of Broken Heart - Mending the World as a Jewish Anarchist” which is out being a Jewish anarchist. with AK Press. Particularly for me as like a queer anarchist Jew to see But I’m also really, really appreciative. I feel the same way. I all this writing that you put together by people who are navigating those really want to acknowledge and thank all the 40 or more people that things being queer, anarchist, and Jewish. And I think the book provides a really beautiful take on all the kinds of feelings that I’ve tried to work contributed to it. I’ve been really touched by how many people are through for myself, and my relationship to Jewishness, and the book reading it and saying “Oh wow. I feel. I feel seen for what I’ve been as a whole makes a case for how Jewishness fits into queerness and struggling with as a queer, feminist, non binary Jewish anarchists.” anarchism... As an ethical, political way of living in this world, which is Who is trying to be part of this resurgent, beautiful, bold new thing also the way that I’ve heard you define anarchism before that I find really that’s been coming out and creating this of anarchism with other helpful. But before we dive into some of the stuff in the book, I want to just talk... mention, you know, the recent widespread attention given to Israel’s anarchists that are coming to their senses of who they are togeth- violent occupation of Palestine. It always comes up now and again, in the er. And it’s just really touching to see people. That’s what I want. I mainstream media, but we know that this is an ongoing thing... the state’s want us all to see ourselves. The fullness of ourselves more. That’s genocidal treatment of Palestinians. So I wanted to ask for your thoughts the title. There’s Nothing So Whole as a Broken Heart. We’re all so on how Jewish anarchist specifically can speak out and respond to the brokenhearted by this world because we should be. But I want us ongoing Palestinian struggle for liberation. to be whole in that too. So I’m loving that you and other people are responding to it that way. Cindy Yeah, I also wanted to start off and saying that my heart is really heavy with all the Palestinians who are having to deal with... TFSR Well, thank you so much. yet again, massive amounts of death and destruction. It’s too bad this keeps happening. And I was thinking about how as Jewish Cindy Thank you so much for having me on this. anarchists, you know... maybe this plays into, in a way, why the anthology came out too... And why there’s a resurgence of sort of Jewish anarchism... I was thinking about a lot of people that were anarchists or anarchistic who did something called the Internation- al Solidarity Movement. Was that like 20 years ago or something? Mostly? And people would go to the occupied territories and help The Final Straw Radio / Cindy Milstein & Mending The World As Jewish Anarchists The Final Straw Radio / Cindy Milstein & Mending The World As Jewish Anarchists 38 of 40 3 of 40 enough. They’re outside of the... so it’s too bad that we have to take with olive harvests and be there as, you know, bodies in solidar- on that sort of self doubt about ourselves. ity doing both contributing through to helping Palestinians with It does become hard to sustain them sometimes. I really things they needed, also being bodies against the Israeli state. hope with this Anthology, and almost everything I do to really Anarchists Against The Wall was another project. Again, emphasize, like, all we really have is each other in the solidarity not everyone was anarchists in it, but it was Israeli, including more than anything to me is... if we don’t stick by each other, we anarchist Jews. So there has been a tradition of Jewish anarchists don’t have anything else with each other. Maybe we’ll feel more of engaging in really tangible direct action and solidarity in Palestine, enough if we try harder to be there for each other in ways in the and the State of Israel. And then you kind of flash forward and the fullness of who we are. I don’t know. For me, I want to hear other past few years... I was thinking about this a lot. It’s not, again, by at people point out antisemitism, so it isn’t just Jews. I want to hear all anarchists but some Jewish anarchists have been really involved people that are not queer. I want everyone to not have to be their in groups like “If Not Now”, and “Jewish voices for Peace” and other own advocate, as it were. So maybe that’s another way we don’t feel groups like that. And that have been doing a lot of work within Jew- enough because we all just feel sort of invisibilized by each other, ish institutional structures in larger Jewish communities on Turtle which I think is sad, you know? Island, and other places to try to switch away from this conflation If we were more acknowledged, like, celebratory of each of Judaism with Zionism and there’s been a lot of groundwork. other. But I think it’s really going in that direction. I really do. I feel So then we come to this moment. I don’t know, it’s just like the last few years there’s been so much collective trauma, so felt really powerful to watch! It’s been really moving. The solidar- quickly, targeting so many people. Like every day now almost. The ity demonstrations are massive. They were instantaneous and in past few years if you think how many white supremacist murders, so many places. But just the one I went to, which wasn’t huge, in assaults on people. They pretty much have killed now every cate- Pittsburgh. I felt this even there with a few 100 people. It was, you gory of humanity except themselves.. I think we’re all starting to know... Muslims, Jews, Palestinians, Christians, anarchists. And it go into spaces, each time, unfortunately. I don’t want that to hap- felt so much a deeper form of solidarity, where it wasn’t as unusual pen, for us to see that. Then I start realizing we’re like, “Oh, we are in a way for there to be people coming there with the fullness of enough because we start seeing each other. We are enough because who they were in a solidarity. It just felt really moving. And myself we’re there for each other.” So, yeah, maybe we’ll start getting past included in that I and a couple other queer Jewish anarchist de- that. When we all try to be more of ourselves to each other too. cided to make some banners and one of them we made there was “Solidarity With Palestine.
Recommended publications
  • Thinkacting Through Liberatory Frames: (Re)Imagining the Academy Beyond by Michela Marie Pirruccio
    Thinkacting through liberatory frames: (re)imagining the academy beyond by Michela Marie Pirruccio A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Health Science in Recreation and Leisure Studies Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2021 ©Michela Marie Pirruccio 2021 Author’s Declaration I herby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revision, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract After being burnt down by the liberal politics of the university, I call for a (re)imagining of its structure that can offer hope for those seeking a home in academia. This thesis asks the question, “how can we thinkact differently?” by engaging with a plurality of frames that offer grass-roots possibilities for the students, researchers, staff, and faulty members whose identities and politic are often targeted by the reproduction of status quo. I suggest a reaching out unto anarchist, abolitionist, and Indigenous liberatory frames as means of moving beyond the traditions of the neo liberal university, towards emotional, just, and actionable futurities. iii Acknowledgements I acknowledge that the work of this thesis is largely credited to the continuum of hearts that joined me in my ongoing process to becoming. Lisbeth, you are a shinning star. Thank you for housing me in your constellation with love for the last two years—you are a human I could not imagine doing this without.
    [Show full text]
  • Human-Computer Insurrection
    Human-Computer Insurrection Notes on an Anarchist HCI Os Keyes∗ Josephine Hoy∗ Margaret Drouhard∗ University of Washington University of Washington University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA Seattle, WA, USA Seattle, WA, USA [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT 2019), May 4–9, 2019, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. ACM, New York, NY, The HCIcommunity has worked to expand and improve our USA, 13 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300569 consideration of the societal implications of our work and our corresponding responsibilities. Despite this increased 1 INTRODUCTION engagement, HCI continues to lack an explicitly articulated "You are ultimately—consciously or uncon- politic, which we argue re-inscribes and amplifies systemic sciously—salesmen for a delusive ballet in oppression. In this paper, we set out an explicit political vi- the ideas of democracy, equal opportunity sion of an HCI grounded in emancipatory autonomy—an an- and free enterprise among people who haven’t archist HCI, aimed at dismantling all oppressive systems by the possibility of profiting from these." [74] mandating suspicion of and a reckoning with imbalanced The last few decades have seen HCI take a turn to exam- distributions of power. We outline some of the principles ine the societal implications of our work: who is included and accountability mechanisms that constitute an anarchist [10, 68, 71, 79], what values it promotes or embodies [56, 57, HCI. We offer a potential framework for radically reorient- 129], and how we respond (or do not) to social shifts [93]. ing the field towards creating prefigurative counterpower—systems While this is politically-motivated work, HCI has tended to and spaces that exemplify the world we wish to see, as we avoid making our politics explicit [15, 89].
    [Show full text]
  • Lifestyle Politics and Radical Activism
    Lifestyle Politics and Radical Activism LLifeife sstyle.indbtyle.indb i 66/28/2013/28/2013 110:41:060:41:06 AAMM CONTEMPORARY ANARCHIST STUDIES A series edited by Laurence Davis National University of Ireland, Maynooth Uri Gordon Arava Institute for Environmental Studies, Israel Nathan Jun Midwestern State University, USA Alex Prichard London School of Economics, UK Contemporary Anarchist Studies promotes the study of anarchism as a framework for understanding and acting on the most pressing problems of our times. The series publishes cutting edge, socially-engaged scholarship from around the world — bridging theory and practice, academic rigor and the insights of contemporary activism. The topical scope of the series encompasses anarchist history and theory broadly construed; individual anarchist thinkers; anarchist- informed analysis of current issues and institutions; and anarchist or anarchist-inspired movements and practices. Contributions informed by anti-capitalist, feminist, ecological, indigenous, and non-Western or global South anarchist perspectives are particularly welcome. So, too, are manuscripts that promise to illuminate the relationships between the personal and the political aspects of transformative social change, local and global problems, and anarchism and other movements and ideologies. Above all, we wish to publish books that will help activist scholars and scholar activists think about how to challenge and build real alternatives to existing structures of oppression and injustice. International Editorial Advisory
    [Show full text]
  • Taking Sides
    Epigraph All you see are demographics All you hear is “systems” Without undressing me down to the sum of my parts you cannot achieve that checking-your-privilege erection. You defend dogma ’cuz it’s all you’ve got left But Humanity won’t fit into data bars or scripted syllabi And won’t stick around when you can no longer see it. Undressing us all with your politics you become the most correct And also an entity you’d probably hate— could you escape for a moment. You steal our dignity and undermine our friendship When the dots connect And I see you seeing me through the activist gaze. I’m not the beating heart I feel Your eyes just reflect a female queer blob of color. Rakhee Devasthali We are nothing if we walk alone; we are everything when we walk together in step with other dignified feet. Subcomandante Marcos Contents 1 Prologue by Cindy Milstein 7 Brave Motherfuckers: Reflections on Past Struggles to Abolish White Supremacy by Michael Staudenmaier 30 The Poor Person’s Defense of Riots: Practical Looting, Rational Riots, and the Shortcomings of Black Liberalism by Delio Vasquez 40 Decolonize Together: Moving beyond a Politics of Solidarity toward a Politics of Decolonization by Harsha Walia 48 Dangerous Allies by Tipu’s Tiger 64 A Critique of Ally Politics by M. 85 Accomplices Not Allies: Abolishing the Ally Industrial Complex by Indigenous Action Media 97 Coconspirators by Neal Shirley and Saralee Stafford 102 Outside Agitators by J. B. 106 We Are All Oscar Grant(?): Attacking White Supremacy in the Rebellions and Beyond by Finn Feinberg
    [Show full text]
  • Ak Press Summer 2010 Catalog
    ak press summer 2010 catalog AK PRESS 674-A 23rd Street Oakland, CA 94612 www.akpress.org WELCOME TO THE 2010 SUMMER SUPPLEMENT! Hello dear readers, About AK Press. ............................ 3 History .......................................... 17 Acerca de AK Press ..................... 4 Kids ............................................... 19 Thanks for picking up the most recent AK Friends of AK Press ...................... 28 Labor ............................................ 19 Press catalog! This is our Summer 2010 Media ........................................... 19 supplement; in it, you’ll find all of the new AK Press Publishing Non-Fiction.................................. 19 items we’ve received (or published) in the New Titles....................................... 5 Poetry ........................................... 21 past six months ... it’s all great stuff, and Politics/Current Events ............. 21 you’re sure to find a ton of items you’ll want Forthcoming ................................... 6 Recent & Recommended ............. 8 Prisons/Policing ......................... 22 to grab for yourself or for your friends and Punk.............................................. 22 family. But, don’t forget: this is only a small AK Press Distribution Race ............................................. 22 sampling of the great stuff we have to offer! Situationist .................................. 23 For our complete and up-to-date listing of Spanish ........................................ 23 thousands more books, CDs, pamphlets,
    [Show full text]
  • Utopianism and Prefiguration
    This item was submitted to Loughborough's Research Repository by the author. Items in Figshare are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. Utopianism and prefiguration PLEASE CITE THE PUBLISHED VERSION https://cup.columbia.edu/book/political-uses-of-utopia/9780231179591 PUBLISHER © Columbia University Press VERSION AM (Accepted Manuscript) LICENCE CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 REPOSITORY RECORD Kinna, Ruth. 2019. “Utopianism and Prefiguration”. figshare. https://hdl.handle.net/2134/19278. Utopianism and Prefiguration Ruth Kinna For anarchists, utopias are about action. As Uri Gordon argues, utopias are “umbilically connected to the idea of social revolution”.1 The kind of action utopia describes is a matter of debate. This essay examines how utopian thinking shapes anarchist thought and highlights some recent shifts in the political uses of utopia. Utopianism is not treated as an abstract concept or method, nor as a literary genre or place – because that is not how anarchists have understood the idea. Utopia, Gordon notes, “has always meant something more than a hypothetical exercise in designing a perfect society”. As a revolutionary idea, utopia is instead linked to the principle of prefiguration. Prefiguration has been identified as a core concept in contemporary anarchist thinking and it is increasingly invoked to highlight the distinctiveness of anarchist practices, actions and movements. In 2011, two months after the start of Occupy Wall Street, David Graeber identified prefigurative politics as one of the movement’s four characteristically anarchist principles, the other three being direct action, illegalism and the rejection of hierarchy. Hinting at the utopianism of the concept, he described Occupy as a genuine attempt “to create the institutions of the new society in the shell of the old”.
    [Show full text]
  • Rebellious Mourning / the Collective Work of Grief
    REBELLIOUS MOURNING / THE COLLECTIVE WORK OF GRIEF EDITED BY CINDY MILSTEIN AK PRESS PRAISE FOR REBELLIOUS MOURNING In a time when so many lives are considered ungrievable (as coined by Judith Butler), grieving is a politically necessary act. This evocative collection reminds us that vulnerability and tenderness for each other and public grievability for life itself are some of the most profound acts of community resistance. —HARSHA WALIA, author of Undoing Border Imperialism Before the analysis and the theory comes the story, the tale of the suffering and the struggle. Connecting mothers demanding justice for their children killed by the police, to neighbors monitoring the effects of radiation after Fukushima, to activists bringing water to immigrants crossing the borderlands, or fighting mountaintop removal in West Virginia, or keeping the memory alive of those who died of AIDS, Rebellious Mourning uncovers the destruction of life that capitalist development leaves in its trail. But it’s also witness to the power of grief as a catalyst to collective resistance. It is a beautiful, moving book to be read over and over again. —SILVIA FEDERICI, author of Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body, and Primitive Accumulation Our current political era is filled with mourning and loss. This powerful, intimate, beautiful book offers a transformative path toward healing and resurgence. —JORDAN FLAHERTY, author of No More Heroes: Grassroots Challenges to the Savior Mentality Rebellious Mourning offers thoughtful, artful essays by resisters on the meanings and uses of grief and mourning. This collection encourages us as people and organizers to understand the Phoenix-like power of these emotions.
    [Show full text]
  • Anarchism, Class Struggle and Political Organisation
    First, the aim of libertarian socialism is organisation become dependent on them. Zabalaza Books’ AgitProp Series #1 that the masses themselves should This was part of the process that led to achieve power, through mass direct bureaucratization of unions in the USA. democracy, not that a leadership group Thus working to make rank and file should do so through a party gaining con- self-management effective requires that trol of a state. Reflecting this, the aim of we have conscious programs and methods Anarchism, Class the libertarian Left activists should be to for democratizing knowledge, doing popu- encourage self-management of move- lar education, nurturing people as organ- ments/organisations. isers, developing skills from writing to Struggle and Political After the October 1917 revolution in public speaking to theorizing one’s experi- Russia, most of the world’s libertarian ence. For example, local worker schools syndicalist labour organisations... which that draw on the experience of activists Organisation then had a membership of 3 to 4 million... and organisers who teach, or share their affiliated tentatively to the new labour experiences with, classes. international initiated by the Russian In the ‘30s in Spain the Mujeres Libres Communist Party. However, at the actual activists talked about a process of capac- founding conference the libertarian syndi- itacion – developing the capacities of by Tom Wetzel calists were confronted by Communist ordinary people. This was the focus of Party officials insisting that the union their organising of working class women. organisations should be mere “transmis- They created literacy classes, public sion belts” of the Communist Parties in speaking classes, and circles to study their respective countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Anarchism.Pdf
    Changing anarchism Changing anarchism Anarchist theory and practice in a global age edited by Jonathan Purkis and James Bowen Manchester University Press Manchester and New York distributed exclusively in the USA by Palgrave Copyright © Manchester University Press 2004 While copyright in the volume as a whole is vested in Manchester University Press, copyright in individual chapters belongs to their respective authors. This electronic version has been made freely available under a Creative Commons (CC-BY-NC- ND) licence, which permits non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction provided the author(s) and Manchester University Press are fully cited and no modifications or adaptations are made. Details of the licence can be viewed at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Published by Manchester University Press Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9NR, UK and Room 400, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for ISBN 0 7190 6694 8 hardback First published 2004 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Typeset in Sabon with Gill Sans display by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Manchester Printed in Great Britain by CPI, Bath Dedicated to the memory of John Moore, who died suddenly while this book was in production. His lively, innovative and pioneering contributions to anarchist theory and practice will be greatly missed.
    [Show full text]
  • “For a World Without Oppressors:” U.S. Anarchism from the Palmer
    “For a World Without Oppressors:” U.S. Anarchism from the Palmer Raids to the Sixties by Andrew Cornell A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Social and Cultural Analysis Program in American Studies New York University January, 2011 _______________________ Andrew Ross © Andrew Cornell All Rights Reserved, 2011 “I am undertaking something which may turn out to be a resume of the English speaking anarchist movement in America and I am appalled at the little I know about it after my twenty years of association with anarchists both here and abroad.” -W.S. Van Valkenburgh, Letter to Agnes Inglis, 1932 “The difficulty in finding perspective is related to the general American lack of a historical consciousness…Many young white activists still act as though they have nothing to learn from their sisters and brothers who struggled before them.” -George Lakey, Strategy for a Living Revolution, 1971 “From the start, anarchism was an open political philosophy, always transforming itself in theory and practice…Yet when people are introduced to anarchism today, that openness, combined with a cultural propensity to forget the past, can make it seem a recent invention—without an elastic tradition, filled with debates, lessons, and experiments to build on.” -Cindy Milstein, Anarchism and Its Aspirations, 2010 “Librarians have an ‘academic’ sense, and can’t bare to throw anything away! Even things they don’t approve of. They acquire a historic sense. At the time a hand-bill may be very ‘bad’! But the following day it becomes ‘historic.’” -Agnes Inglis, Letter to Highlander Folk School, 1944 “To keep on repeating the same attempts without an intelligent appraisal of all the numerous failures in the past is not to uphold the right to experiment, but to insist upon one’s right to escape the hard facts of social struggle into the world of wishful belief.
    [Show full text]
  • Anarchist Panther
    Reflections on Race and Anarchism in South Africa, 1904-2004 By Lucien van derWalt The developing itarian response to racial domination and white supremacy is ,j jng anarchists today. We must create of a m can be and also reevaluatetrj The fol encounter </ The South approaches to South Africa domination, anarchists c ;killed, fnture and mine and ntractin rhich his &&''••'* cans were fhoolingwas ited African ' i W I 'W the tribal «i;>?H>-''i-\n internal ed to African ig jobs, were often t in (segregated) itical and civil rights, irly easily, to :dgingly conceded in tilled "poor White" fed Afrikaner peasant farmers) also existed w 960s. Continued on page 14.... Black Anarchism By Ashanti Alston Many classical anarchists regarded anarchism as a body of elemental truths that merely needed to be revealed to the world and believed people would become anarchists once exposed to the irresistible logic of the idea. This is one of the reasons they tended to be didactic. Fortunately the lived practice of the anarchist movement is much richer than that. Few "convert" in such a way: it is much more common for people to embrace anarchism slowly, as they discover that it is relevant to their lived experience and amenable to their own insights and concerns. The richness of the anarchist tradition lay precisely in the long history of encounters between non-anarchist dissidents and the anarchist framework that we inherited from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Anarchism has grown through such encounters and now confronts social contradictions that were previously marginal to the movement.
    [Show full text]
  • CZ)B Capitalism, Marxism, and the Black Radical Tradition: An
    Contents Spring 1999 The Institute for I A S U p d a t e . 2 Anarchist Studies S t u d y G r o u p s . 3 What's Happening: Books & Events ... 4 Interview with Sam Mbah ... 9 Capitalism, Marxism, and the Black Radical Tradition: CZ)b An Interview with Cedric Robinson It is the task of the radical critic to illuminate what what has been known in order to achieve greater is repressed and excluded by the basic mechanisms clarification and effectiveness. Just as Thucydides of a given social order. It is the task of the believed that historical consciousness of a people politically engaged radical critic to side with the in crisis provided the possibility of more virtuous excluded and repressed: to develop insights gained action, more informed and rational choices, so do I. in confrontation with injustice, to nourish cultures At the time I was writing Black Marxism and of resistance, and to help define the means with Black Mass Movements I felt strongly that Black which society can be rendered adequate to the full nationalism as it was beings pursued by breadth of human potentialities. spokespersons like Stokely Carmichael and Louis Cedric Robinson has embraced these tasks. Farrakhan was a failed enterprise. As a peevish His work explores the relationship between our and perverse inversion of the political culture and social order and its negations, particularly racialism which had been used to justify the worst Marxism and the Black Radical Tradition. He has excesses of the exploitation and oppression of examined this relationship in historical, political, Black people, it served as a fictive radicalism, a and philosophical terms with an orientation that is surrogate mirage of the Black struggle.
    [Show full text]