DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 13 Muscular Analysis of Trunk and Lower Extremity Exercises

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter 13 Muscular Analysis of Trunk and Lower Extremity Exercises Muscular Analysis of Trunk & Lower Extremity Exercises • Strength, endurance, & flexibility of the lower extremity, trunk, & abdominal muscles are very important in skillful physical performance & body maintenance Chapter 13 • Whether the muscle is lengthening or shortening during movement determines Muscular Analysis of Trunk and contraction type – Muscles may shorten or lengthen in the absence of Lower Extremity Exercises a contraction through passive movement caused by other contracting muscles, momentum, gravity, or Manual of Structural Kinesiology external forces such as manual assistance R.T. Floyd, EdD, ATC, CSCS machines © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-1 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-2 Muscular Analysis of Trunk & Lower Muscular Analysis of Trunk & Lower Extremity Exercises Extremity Exercises • Concentric contractions • Quadriceps contracts eccentrically when – shortening contraction of muscles against the body slowly lowers in a weight- gravity or resistance bearing movement through lower extremity action • Eccentric contraction – functions as a decelerator to knee joint – muscle lengthens under tension to control flexion in weight-bearing movements by the joints moving with gravity or resistance contracting eccentrically to prevent too rapid of a downward movement • slow descent is eccentric & ascent from the squatted position is concentric © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-3 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-4 Muscular Analysis of Trunk & Lower Free Weight-Training Exercises Extremity Exercises • Quadriceps function in squatting • Exercise with weights is a commonly used – descent at the same speed as gravity, means of developing & maintaining muscular essentially under no muscular control, the strength in young people & adults muscle lengthening would be passive • When using free weights it is important to • movement & change in muscle length would be ensure that one group of muscles is not caused by gravity, not by active muscular overdeveloped and another is underdeveloped contraction – Thorough knowledge of muscles being used is essential © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-5 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-6 1 Sit-up, bent knee Sit-up, bent knee Curling phase to sitting-up position Rotating to right phase • Participant lies on back, forearms crossed Joint Action Agonists Action Agonists and lying across chest, with knees flexed Cervical Flexion Cervical spine flexors Maintenance Cervical spine flexors 90 degrees & feet about hip-width apart spine Sternocleidomastoid of cervical (isometric contraction) • Hips & knees are flexed in this manner to flexion Sternocleidomastoid reduce hip flexor length, thereby reducing Trunk Flexion Trunk flexors Right lumbar Right lumbar rotators their contribution to sit-up & allow more Rectus abdominis rotation R) Rectus abdominis emphasis on abdominals External oblique L) External oblique abdominal abdominal • Participant curls up to a sitting position, Internal oblique R) Internal oblique rotates trunk to right, touches left elbow to abdominal abdominal right knee R) Erector spinae • Returns to starting position Hip Flexion Hip flexors Maintenance Hip flexors (isometric • Rotate to left on next repetition Iliopsoas of hip flexion contraction) Rectus femoris Iliopsoas Pectineus Rectus femoris © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-7 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Pectineus 13-8 Sit-up, bent knee Alternating Prone Extensions Return phase to sitting-up position Return phase to starting position Joint Action Agonists Action Agonists • Participant lies prone position, Cervical Maintenance Cervical spine flexors Extension Cervical spine flexors spine of cervical (isometric contraction) (eccentric contraction) with the shoulders fully flexed flexion Sternocleidomastoid Sternocleidomastoid in a relaxed position lying in Trunk Left lumbar Right lumbar rotators Extension Trunk flexors (eccentric front of the body rotation to (eccentric contraction) contraction) neutral R) Rectus abdominis Rectus abdominis • Participant raises head, upper position L) External oblique External oblique abdominal abdominal trunk, & thighs from the floor R) Internal oblique Internal oblique • Knees are kept in full abdominal abdominal R) Erector spinae extension Hip Maintenance Hip flexors Extension Hip flexors (eccentric • Then return to starting position of hip flexion Iliopsoas contraction) Rectus femoris Iliopsoas Pectineus Rectus femoris © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Pectineus 13-9 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-10 Alternating Prone Extensions Joint Action Agonists in Lifting Action Agonists in Lowering Squat Shoulder Flexion Shoulder joint flexors Extension Shoulder joint flexors (eccentric Pectoralis major contraction) (clavicular head or upper Pectoralis major (clavicular head • Participant places a barbell on fibers) or upper fibers) Deltoid Deltoid the shoulders behind the neck Coracobrachialis Coracobrachialis and grasps it with palms- Biceps brachii Biceps brachii forward position of hands Shoulder Adduction Shoulder girdle adductors Abduction Shoulder girdle adductors (eccentric girdle Trapezius contraction) • Participant squats down until Rhomboids Trapezius Rhomboids thighs are parallel to floor, Trunk Extension Trunk extensors Flexion Trunk & cervical spine extensors keeping back straight Erector spinae (return to (eccentric contraction) Splenius neutral Erector spinae • Return to starting position relaxed Quadratus lumborum Splenius position) Quadratus lumborum • Ensure that the shins remain Hip Extension Hip extensors Flexion Hip extensors (eccentric contraction) as vertical Gluteus maximus (return to Gluteus maximus Semitendinosus neutral Semitendinosus relaxed Semimembranosus Semimembranosus position) © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. AllBiceps rights reserved. femoris Biceps femoris 13-11 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-12 2 Squat Dead Lift Joint Action Agonists in Lowering Action Agonists in Lifting Hip Flexion Hip extensors (eccentric Extension Hip extensors • Participant begins in hip flexed contraction) Gluteus maximus position, keeping arms, legs, & Gluteus maximus Semimembranosus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus back straight, and grasps the Semitendinosus Biceps femoris barbell on the floor Biceps femoris • Move to standing position is Knee Flexion Knee extensors Extension Knee extensors made by extending the hips (eccentric contraction) Rectus femoris Rectus femoris Vastus medialis • Lumbar extensors must be Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius utilized as isometric stabilizers Vastus intermedius Vastus lateralis of the low back while the hip Vastus lateralis extensors perform the majority Ankle Dorsiflexion Plantar flexors Plantar Plantar flexors (eccentric contraction) flexion Gastrocnemius of the lift in this exercise Gastrocnemius Soleus © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rightsSoleus reserved. 13-13 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-14 Dead Lift Dead Lift Joint Action Agonists in Lifting Joint Action Agonists in Lowering Wrist & hand Flexion Wrist & hand flexors (isometric contraction) Wrist & hand Flexion Wrist & hand flexors (isometric contraction) Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Palmaris longus Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor pollicis longus Flexor pollicis longus Trunk Maintenance of Trunk extensors (isometric contraction) Trunk Maintenance of Trunk extensors (isometric contraction) extension Erector spinae (sacrospinalis) extension Erector spinae (sacrospinalis) Quadratus lumborum Quadratus lumborum Hip Extension Hip extensors Hip Flexion Hip extensors (eccentric contraction) Gluteus maximus Gluteus maximus Semimembranosus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Semitendinosus Biceps femoris Biceps femoris Knee Extension Knee extensors (quadriceps) Knee Flexion Knee extensors (quadriceps) (eccentric contraction) Rectus femoris Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Vastus intermedius © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-15 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-16 Vastus lateralis Vastus lateralis Isometric Exercises Abdominal Contraction • An exercise technique in which there is • Participant contracts contraction of muscle groups with no anterior abdominal region appreciable muscle shortening muscles as strongly as – not as productive in terms of overall possible without moving strength gains as isotonics the trunk or hips – an effective way to build & maintain – Rectus abdominis muscular strength in a limited range of – External oblique abdominal motion – Internal oblique abdominal • Contractions should be held approximately 7- 10 seconds for a training effect – Transversus abdominis © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-17 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 13-18 3 Leg Lifter Joint Action Agonists in Right – Action Agonists in Left – Resisting Leg Lifter Attempting Upward Upward Ankle Dorsiflexion Ankle dorsiflexors Plantar Plantar flexors Tibialis anterior Flexion Gastrocenemius • Participant sits on a Extensor hallucis longus Soleus bench or chair with Extensor
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Vastus Medialis: a Reappraisal of VMO and VML
    J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 24: 475–479, 2012 Vastus Medialis: a Reappraisal of VMO and VML EMILY J SKINNER1), PHILIP J ADDS1) 1) Division of Biomedical Sciences (Anatomy), St. George’s, University of London: Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, U.K. TEL: +44 208-7255208, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. [Purpose] The morphology and innervation pattern of the vastus medialis (VM) were investigated to determine if there was an anatomical distinction between the oblique (VMO) and longus (VML) parts. [Subjects and Methods] Forty lower limbs were dissected. The innervation pattern was observed in 39 specimens. Muscle length and fibre angles of 14 specimens were recorded. [Results] In 22 specimens there was a distinct separation between the VML and VMO (change in fibre angle, fibrofascial plane, vasculature or nerve branch). The mean fibre angle of VMO was 52°, and the mean VML fibre angle was 5° (relative to the shaft of the femur). Ten limbs (25.6%) had separate innervation to the VML. The separation between VMO and VML was found to be more proximal than expected, with the VMO on average accounting for 70% of the VM, in contrast to the much more distal point of separation reported elsewhere, leading us to raise the possibility that VML and vastus intermedius may have been misidentified in some previous studies. [Conclusions] In conclusion the VML/VMO division (when present) is much more proximal than has been previously reported, and there is no consistent pattern of innervation to the two parts of the muscle. Key words: Fibre angle, Vastus medialis, VML, VMO (This article was submitted Nov.
    [Show full text]
  • Muscle Activation and Kinematic Analysis During the Inclined Leg Press Exercise in Young Females
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Muscle Activation and Kinematic Analysis during the Inclined Leg Press Exercise in Young Females Isabel Martín-Fuentes 1 , José M. Oliva-Lozano 1 and José M. Muyor 1,2,* 1 Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; [email protected] (I.M.-F.); [email protected] (J.M.O.-L.) 2 Laboratory of Kinesiology, Biomechanics and Ergonomics (KIBIOMER Lab.), Research Central Services, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-950214429 Received: 24 October 2020; Accepted: 20 November 2020; Published: 23 November 2020 Abstract: Knee joint muscle activation imbalances, especially weakness in the vastus medialis oblique, are related to patellofemoral pain within the female population. The available literature presents the leg press as an exercise which potentially targets vastus medialis oblique activation, thus reducing imbalances in the quadriceps muscles. The main aim of the present study was to compare thigh muscle activation and kinematic parameters under different conditions during the inclined leg press exercise in a young female population. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 10 young, trained females. Muscle activation of the vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and gluteus medialis was analyzed under five different inclined leg press conditions, modifying the feet rotation (0–45◦ external rotation) and the stance width (100–150% hip width) on the footplate. All the conditions were performed at two different movement velocities: controlled velocity (2” eccentric–2” concentric) and maximal intended velocity. Mean propulsive velocity, maximum velocity and maximum power were also assessed. The results show that both controlled velocity conditions and maximal intended velocity conditions elicited a similar muscle activation pattern with greater activation during the concentric phase (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.96).
    [Show full text]
  • Organization of the Lower Limb Audrone Biknevicius, Ph.D
    www.thestudio1.co.za Organization of the Lower Limb Audrone Biknevicius, Ph.D. Dept. Biomedical Sciences, OU HCOM at Dublin Clinical Anatomy Immersion 2015 LIMB FUNCTION choco-locate.com blog.coolibar.com Mobility versus Body weight support Dexterity Locomotion Equilibrium & Stability 2 Pectoral Girdle Pelvic Girdle Mobility versus Body weight support Dexterity Locomotion Equilibrium & Stability 3 Arm – forearm – hand Thigh – leg – foot 4 CORRECTED SLIDE #5 The upper and lower limbs are innervated by: A. Posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nn. B. Anterior (ventral) rami of spinal nn. 50% 50% Posterior (dorsal) rami of spin.. Anterior (ventral) rami of sp... 5 Week 5 RULE #1 Limbs are outgrowths of the ventral body wall Upper limb: C5-T1 trunk segments Lower limb: L2-S3 trunk segments (morphogenesis ~1-2 days later) 6 Week 7 RULE #1 (continued) Limbs are outgrowths of the ventral body wall that undergo distal growth, differentiation and rotation 7 Before rotation en.wikipedia.org • Pollex and hallux both preaxial • Anteriomedially-directed palms and soles 8 Post rotation embryology.med.unsw.edu.au Upper limb rotates 90◦ laterally: Lower limb rotates 90◦ medially: -Extensor mm. on posterior surface -Extensor mm. on anterior surface -Future elbow directed posteriorly -Future knee directed anteriorly -Supine hand in anatomical position -Foot fixed in prone position -Pollex positioned laterally -Hallux positioned medially 9 RULE #2: Innervation of lower limb mm. established in early embryogenesis – resulted in dedicated nerve-compartment relationships Spinal nerve Dorsal primary ramus Ventral primary ramus (L2-S3) Anterior (ventral) division Posterior (dorsal) division limb axis 10 Stern Essential of Gross Anatomy “Roots of BP” Brachial Plexus (=ventral rami) (right side; simplified) C5 Trunks C6 Divisions U C7 Cord M C8 Lat L Terminal T1 Branches Post Musculocutaneous n.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of and Relationship Between Hamstring and Quadriceps Muscle Myofascial Trigger Points in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
    The role of and relationship between Hamstring and Quadriceps muscle myofascial trigger points in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. By Karen Louise Frandsen Smith A mini-dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic at the Durban University of Technology I, Karen Louise Frandsen Smith, declare that this dissertation is representative of my own work in both conception and execution (except where acknowledgements indicate to the contrary). _______________________ ________________ Karen Louise Frandsen Smith Date Approved for Submission _______________________ ________________ Dr Brian Kruger (supervisor) Date M. Tech. Chiro., C.C.S.P. Dedication I dedicate this work to everyone who loves me and have supported me throughout these years of studying and all the difficult times. It is thanks to you that I have reached my dream. Dad, you would be so proud. i Acknowledgements Thank you to the DUT staff, patients, and supervisor, Dr Brian Kruger for making this happen. Thanks to my class mates for making the years fly by, and creating lifelong memories. This dissertation would not have been completed without supportive, generous and helpful people. Special thanks to you, Dr Danella Lubbe for motivating me and thank you so much Dr Charmaine Korporaal for “picking me up” and helping me finish. Endless gratitude goes to you Damon, Cherine, Mom and Viggo. You are / were all my anchors in the storm, and without your belief in me, I would be nowhere. ii Abstract Purpose: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome is a common condition in all age groups, with a multi- factorial etiology.
    [Show full text]
  • Quadriceps and Hamstrings Coactivation in Exercises Used in Prevention And
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/574210; this version posted March 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Quadriceps and hamstrings coactivation in exercises used in prevention and 2 rehabilitation of hamstring strain injury in young soccer players 3 Gonzalo Torres1¶; David Chorro1¶; Archit Navandar2¶; Javier Rueda1¶; Luís 4 Fernández3¶; Enrique Navarro1*¶ 5 6 1Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 7 2Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 8 3Medical Services of Atlético de Madrid, Club Atlético de Madrid, Madrid, Madrid, 9 Spain. 10 11 12 *Corresponding author 13 E-mail: [email protected] (EN) 14 15 ¶These authors contributed equally to this work. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/574210; this version posted March 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 25 Abstract 26 This study aimed to study the co-activation of hamstring-quadriceps muscles 27 during submaximal strength exercises without the use of maximum voluntary isometric 28 contraction testing and compare (i) the inter-limb differences in muscle activation, (ii) the 29 intra-muscular group activation pattern, and (iii) the activation during different phases of 30 the exercise.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 10 the Knee Joint
    The Knee Joint • Knee joint – largest joint in body Chapter 10 – very complex The Knee Joint – primarily a hinge joint Manual of Structural Kinesiology Modified for Prentice WE: Arnheim’s principles of athletic training , ed 12, New R.T. Floyd, EdD, ATC, CSCS York, 2006, McGraw-Hill; from Saladin, KS: Anatomy &physiology: the unity of forms and function , ed 2, New York, 2001, McGraw- Hill. © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 10-1 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 10-2 Bones Bones • Enlarged femoral condyles articulate on • Fibula - lateral enlarged tibial condyles – serves as the attachment for • Medial & lateral tibial condyles (medial & knee joint lateral tibial plateaus) - receptacles for structures femoral condyles – does not articulate • Tibia – medial with femur or patella – bears most of weight – not part of knee joint Modified from Anthony CP, Kolthoff NJ: Textbook of anatomy and physiology , ed 9, St. Louis, 1975, Mosby. © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 10-3 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 10-4 Bones Bones • Patella • Key bony landmarks – sesamoid (floating) bone – Superior & inferior patellar poles – imbedded in quadriceps – Tibial tuberosity & patellar tendon – Gerdy’s tubercle – serves similar to a pulley – Medial & lateral femoral in improving angle of condyles pull, resulting in greater – Upper anterior medial tibial mechanical advantage in surface – Head of fibula knee extension Modified from Anthony CP, Kolthoff NJ: Textbook of anatomy and physiology , ed 9, St. Louis, 1975, Mosby. © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 10-5 © 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • A Thesis Entitled Relationship Between Hamstring Strength And
    A Thesis entitled Relationship Between Hamstring Strength and Agonist-Antagonist Co-Activation by Meghan Gregoire Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Exercise Science with a Concentration in Athletic Training ___________________________________________ Grant Norte, PhD, AT, ATC, CSCS, Committee Chair ___________________________________________ Neal Glaviano, PhD, AT, ATC, Committee Member ___________________________________________ Amanda Murray, PT, DPT, PhD, Committee Member ___________________________________________ Lucinda Bouillon, PT, DPT, PhD, Committee Member ___________________________________________ Cyndee Gruden, PhD, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo May 2019 Copyright 2019, Meghan Gregoire This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of Relationship Between Hamstring Strength and Agonist-Antagonist Co-Activation by Meghan Gregoire Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Exercise Science The University of Toledo May 2019 Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is common among females due to several neuromuscular risk factors. Decreased hamstrings to quadriceps (H:Q) ratio is one neuromuscular factor that place females at an increased risk of ACL injury. Increased activation of the hamstrings during functional tasks help assist the static stabilizes of the knee, decrease strain on the ACL and reduce anterior tibial translation. Objectives: The objective of this study was to (1) identify the relationship between H:Q strength and co- activation ratio in the medial and lateral compartments of the knee during the stance phase of walking gait as well as (2) compare H:Q ratio between high and low groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Tibialis Anterior Tendon Rupture: a Case Report
    CHAPTER 32 Tibialis Anterior Tendon Rupture: A Case Report James Uh, DPM Cameron Barr, MD INTRODUCTION weave technique. This patient had a predisposing factor that may have contributed to her rupture, which was the use of Closed rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon is a rare injury. local corticosteroids. However, she had no history of acute Bruning fi rst described it in 1905 and there have been fewer trauma to the area of her tibialis anterior tendon or any than 120 cases reported in literature since (1). The rupture other systemic factors that could have been attributed to can be a result of a direct, closed trauma without ankle her tibialis anterior tendon rupture. motion. However, it is more commonly associated with forced ankle plantarfl exion against resistance (1). It has also been CASE REPORT established that a normal tendon rarely ruptures. Conditions that increase the likelihood of rupture are systemic lupus A 70-year-old female presented to our clinic with complaint erythematosus, hyperparathyroidism, and psoriasis (2). Other of vague pain and weakness of 1 month duration that was factors may contribute to tibialis anterior tendon ruptures localized to the anterior aspect of her right ankle. She denied including metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, gout, any history of trauma to the area. However, she did recall rheumatoid arthritis, or after local injections or chronic use that while walking normally that she felt a discomfort that of corticosteroids (1). The typical patient is a male older than was present to the anterior aspect of her ankle that presented the age of 45 years with a complaint of slapping of the foot as a popping type of sensation.
    [Show full text]
  • Reviewing Morphology of Quadriceps Femoris Muscle
    Review article http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.053513 Reviewing morphology of Quadriceps femoris muscle CHAVAN, S. K.* and WABALE, R. N. Department of Anatomy, Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, At.post: Loni- 413736, Tal.: Rahata, Ahmednagar, India. *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Purpose: Quadriceps is composite muscle of four portions rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis and vatus lateralis. It is inserted into patella through common tendon with three layered arrangement rectus femoris superficially, vastus lateralis and vatus medialis in the intermediate layer and vatus intermedius deep to it. Most literatures do not take into account its complex and variable morphology while describing the extensor mechanism of knee, and wide functional role it plays in stability of knee joint. It has been widely studied clinically, mainly individually in foreign context, but little attempt has been made to look into morphology of quadriceps group. The diverse functional aspect of quadriceps group, and the gap in the literature on morphological aspect particularly in our region what prompted us to review detail morphology of this group. Method: Study consisted dissection of 40 lower limbs (20 rights and 20 left) from 20 embalmed cadavers from Department of Anatomy Rural Medical College, PIMS Loni, Ahmednagar (M) India. Results: Rectus femoris was a separate entity in all the cases. Vastus medialis as well as vastus lateralis found to have two parts, as oblique and longus. Quadriceps group had variability in fusion between members of the group. The extent of fusion also varied greatly. The laminar arrangement of Quadriceps group found as bilaminar or trilaminar.
    [Show full text]
  • Tendon Variations of the Peroneal Musculature in Man David C
    Yale University EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library School of Medicine Spring 5-31-1973 Tendon Variations of the Peroneal Musculature in Man David C. Johnson Yale Follow this and additional works at: http://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ymtdl Part of the Body Regions Commons Recommended Citation Johnson, David C., "Tendon Variations of the Peroneal Musculature in Man" (1973). Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library. 2. http://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ymtdl/2 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Medicine at EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. It has been accepted for inclusion in Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library by an authorized administrator of EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. For more information, please contact [email protected]. rn YALE MEDICAL LIBRARY TENDON VARIATIONS OF THE PERONEAL MUSCULATURE IN MAN David C. Johnson Augustus A. White, M, D,, Adviser CONTENTS Introduction Evolution Mechanism of Variation Normal Anatomy and Variations Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis leroneus Tertlus Accessory Peroneal Musculature Peroneus Digiti Minimi Peroneus Digiti Quart! Peroneus Quartus Peroneus Brevis II Anatomic Studies Specimens Dissections Results Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Digiti Minimi Peroneus Digiti Quart! CONTENTS (cont. ) Peroneus Quartus page 35 Peroneus Accessorlus 36 Discussion 36 Tables #1 Composite Results of Study 44 #2
    [Show full text]
  • (SJAMS) Anatomical Study of Peroneus Tertius Anatomy
    Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS) ISSN 2320-6691 (Online) Abbreviated Key Title: Sch. J. App. Med. Sci. ISSN 2347-954X (Print) ©Scholars Academic and Scientific Publisher A Unit of Scholars Academic and Scientific Society, India Anatomy www.saspublisher.com Anatomical study of Peroneus tertius Dr. Jaideo Manohar Ughade1, Dr. Poorwa Baburao Kardile2* 1Associate professor, Late Lakhiram Agarwal Memorial Government Medical College, Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India 2Assistant Professor, Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded, Maharashtra, India Abstract: Peroneus tertius is an evolutionary muscle of anterior compartment of leg Original Research Article found exclusively in human being due to their erect posture. The aim of present study is to highlight the variations of Peroneus tertius from academic, phylogenetic and clinical *Corresponding author point of view. We dissected both the lower limbs of 100 embalmed apparently normal Dr. Poorwa Baburao cadavers. Any variations in Peroneus tertius if observed were meticulously noted. Kardile Absence of Peroneus tertius was seen in 16 cases. Peronius tertius was replaced by additional slip from Extensor digitorum longus in 5 cases. Extensive origin was seen in Article History 44 cases. Extended insertion was noted in 4 cases upto the shaft of fifth metatarsal. Received: 12.08.2018 Insertion to base of fifth metatarsal & medial slip to shaft of forth metatarsal was noted Accepted: 25.08.2018 in 3 cases. Knowledge of such variations is important in various surgical procedures as Published: 30.08.2018 peroneus tertius may be used for tendon transplantations, its correlation with stress fracture and treatment of ankle laxity. DOI: Keywords: Peroneus tertius, Extensor digitorum longus, variations.
    [Show full text]
  • Variation in Pattern of Insertion of Peroneus Brevis and Peroneus Tertius in Middle Aged Male Cadaver
    IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 15, Issue 6 Ver. V (June. 2016), PP 37-39 www.iosrjournals.org Case Report: Variation in Pattern of Insertion of Peroneus Brevis and Peroneus Tertius in Middle Aged Male Cadaver Dr. Shobha Kumari1, Mrs. Atulya Prasad1, Mr. Jacquesbritto1, Dr. Rita Kumari1, Dr. Subratanag2 1Department of Anatomy, AIIMS Patna, Bihar, India 2HOD, Department of Anaesthesiology, NMCH, Rohtas, Bihar, India Abstract: Variations in insertion pattern of different tendon of dorsum of foot are not very common. Bifurcation of tendon of peroneus brevis and peroneus tertius was reported by some authors recently. In my present study we found that tendon of peroneus brevis was inserting on the base of fifth metatarsal and some part of the tendon is extending distally and ultimately inserted over the base of proximal phalanx of little toe. In the same cadaver we also found that some of tendon of extensor digitorum longus are joining the tendon of peroneus tertius and peroneus tertius is inserted over the lateral surface of shaft of fifth metatarsal.These variations are very important for anatomist, anthropologist, surgeons, orthopedicians and sports medicine clinicians. The elongated tendons can be used for reconstructive surgery of tendons and retinacula in cases of trauma. Keywords: Peroneus brevis, Peroneus tertius, Tendons, Metatarsal. I. Introduction Lateral compartment of leg contains only two muscles that is Peroneus (Fibularis) longus and Peroneus brevis.Peroneus brevis arises from lower two third of lateral surface of fibula and anterior and posterior intermuscular septum(1). Muscle fibres pass vertically downward and end in tendon which runs behind lateral malleolus within synovial sheath.
    [Show full text]