Redstone Township

REDSTONE TOWNSHIP.

REDSTOSE,one of the western townships of Fay- / ing, for Spanish brown. Many of the red banks are now visi- ette, has for its boundaries Jefferson on the north, 1 ble; the most prominent one, perhaps, is that near the junction ~~~~ll~~G~~~~~ on the ~~~~kli~and of a creek with the Monongr~heln River, a short distance below Menallen on the east, and dun lap ill^ and L~~~~~~1 the fortifization, and which bears the name of Redstone, doubt- leas from the red appearance of the bank near its mouth." on the west. The total valuation of Redstone subject to county tax in 1881 was $660,948, or a decrease \ But the State geologist, in the third annual report from 1880 of $8895. Its population June, 1880, was on the geological survey of the State of Pennsplva- 1065. nia, gives a different account of the origin of the Redstone contains valuable coal deposits, but these ignition of the coal-banks, viz. : "In many places the lie deep in the earth in most localities. Upon the coal of the roofs has been precipitated by a slipping land of Robert Tate and in the contiguous region the of the hillside upon the lower part of the seam, in coal vein is rich and easy of development. The great which case the latter has often taken fire from the highway through Redstone is now the old National heat evolved by the chemical decomposition. This road (so called), but a line of railway (the Redstone ' has occurred particularly at the mouth of Redstone extension of the Pittsburgh, Virginia and Charleston I Creek, in Fayette County, where the overlaying slate Road) running along the northeastern border of the has been reddened by the combustion." township is now nearly completed and will prove of great benefit to the people of Redstone. The earliest settlements in what is now known as Innumerable water-courses traverse the township, thc township of Redstone were made west and south but Redstone and Dunlap's Creeks are the most notice- of the centre, although there was but little difference able and about the only ones having mill-power. The in point of time between settlements in that section surface of the country is uneven and in many places and in the country along the Redstone Creek. In- quite hilly. There are many valuable farms and ' deed, some authorities give the creek region the pre- I some rough ones, but generally considered the agri- I cedence, but the advantage upon either side was too cultural resources are quite up to the average. Oil ' slight to call for special investigation. Among the deposits have been found on Redstone Creek and in first who came into Redstone to stay, if not indeed other places. Oil-wells were sunk in 1870 by a com- the very first, was George Kroft, the ancestor in this pany styled the Farmers' and Mechanics' Oil Com- county of the now numerous Crafts, who through the pany, and in some cases to the depth of a thousand changes of time have Anglicized the spelling and feet, but operations were not satisfactorily pursued, pronunciation of the name from Kroft to Craft. Mr. although indications of more than ordinary promise Kroft came from Germany to America as a " redemp- were apparent. It is thought by many that profitable tiotter,"-that is, he sold himself to pay his passage. oil-wells will yet be sunk and operated in this town- Upon arriving in America he was indentured toSamuel ship. Grable, a farmer living on the Eastern Shore of Mary- The township received its name from that of the land. In 1771, Kroft found himself in the possession creek which forms its northeastern boundary. The of a family, some means, and an ambition to better season why the name was originally given to the his fortunes in a new country. Such a country he dis- creek is told in the "American Pioneer" (vol. ii. p. covered in Southwestern Pennsylvania, and in Fayette 55), as follows : County in the same year of 1771 he tomahawked a '.The hills.around abounded with bituminous coal, and along claim of eight hundred acres in the present township the wa.ter-courses, where the earth had been washed off, the coal of Redstone. The land lay near and north of the was left exposed. The intlammability of that mineral must site of the Dunlap's Creek Church, and near that site, have been known to the inhabitants at that early period, for not far from Dunlap's Creek, he put up his cabin. where those exposures happened fire had been communicated, In testimony of the wild and lonesome condition of and an ignition of the coal taken place, and probably continued the region in which he located, he used to relate that 10 burn until the compactness and solidity of the body and want of air caused its estinguishment. These fires in their course his nearest neighbor mas nine miles distant in Ger- cawe in contact with the surrounding earth and stone and gave man township, at a place called High House, and his theu~x red appearance; indeed, so completely burned were next nearest at Beesontown (now Uniontown). It they that when pulverized they have been substituted, in pnint- would appear from these declarations made by Mr. 723.

HISTORY OF FAPETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Kroft that he must have been at the time of his loca- of Indians neighboring inhabitants mould flee, to tion the only settler in what is now Redstone tomn- remain until the signs of danger were past. A story ship. In 1772, Mr. Kroft made a trip to Eastern told of a Nr. Wade, who lived on the present Fought Maryland for a supply of salt and other commodities, place, is to the effect that each night he used to send and upon his return brought a half-dozen young his wife and little ones to the fort at Broivnsville, apple-trees and set them out near his house. One of while lie himself would crawl into a hollowed log, the six apple-trees brought in by Mr. Kroft in 1772 and thus rest securely if not comfortably until morn- still bears fruit, and, beyond that distinction even, is ing, consoled with the reflection that if the savages claimed to be the largest apple-tree in Fayette should happen along there they mould never dream County. Sis inches from the ground it measures that an innocent-lorking log contained human pre!. two feet six inches in diameter, and it is said to hare Isaiah RatcliEe, a Quaker, was one of Redstone's borne one season seventy-five bushels of apples. pioneer blacksmiths. He set up his shop near Dun- This tree stands on George 31. Craft's farm. lap's Creek Church, but did not tarry long. He died Mr. Kroft (dying in 1806) had four sons, named before 1800. He had made the journey from the East Samuel, Benjamin, David, and John. Benjamin with Alexander Xelan, who made his settlement in lived and died on a portion of the old farm, Samuel Luzerne on the river. A son of Isaiah Ratcliffe died in Luzerne, John in Greene County, and David now lives in Bromnsville in his eighty-sixth year. on the old farm in 1837. Darid, who was the father William Colvin, mentioned in early accounts as of Mr. Elijah Craft, of Redstone, used to tell his son having been in the territory now called Redstone about the trials and privations that waited on pioneer township as early as 1768, was doubtless a settler life in Redstone, and among other things told how lie two years before that, or in 1766. He tomahawked and one of his brothers once rode twenty-five miles a claim to a large tract of land, and put up a log to a mill on the Youghiogheny to get a grist ground. cabin near what is now known as the Dunham place, For subsistence while they were gone they carried a not far from the Bath Hotel property. An old ac- mess of boiled corn, and when they got to the mill count-book kept by William Colvin, and now in the they found so many customers before them that by possession of Samuel Colvin, of Redatone, discloses the time their turn came they had eaten all their the fact that William Colvin traded in a small way boiled corn and spent a couple of days and nights in at his home near Brownsville as early as 1766. Un- waiting, so that when they started for home it was der that date he charged John Sarvil, John Wise- upon empty stomachs that landed them at the parental man, Xr. Hamer, David Cook, Jonathan Himer roof-tree in a condition bordering upon starvation. with such articles as fine combs, rum, broadcloth, David Croft, herein referred to, became the father of whisky, tobacco, egg-punch, egg-nog, vinegar, etc. thirteen children, and when his wife died the young- In 1767 charges appear against John Davis, Capt. est of the children was but three weeks old. David Colren, Andrew Grigen, James Bromn, Jacob Dri- bestowed watchful care upon them all, small as they nens, Richard Ashcraft, George Coran, George Moran, were, despite the exhaustive field of labor incident to George Martin, Morris Brady, Moses Henry, Charles his farming pursuits, and gave to each a good educa- Ferguson, Aaron Richardson, Moses Holladay, John tion. Of the thirteen children six were boys. Of the Jones, Alexander Bowlin, John Henderson, and six boys, Elijah Craft, of Redstone, is the only one John Martin. now living. His brother George, who died in Ohio Under date of 1768 appear upon Mr. Colvin's ac- in 1877 at the age of eighty-eight, rode when a boy count-book the names of Isham Barnett, Levi Col- with his father to Brownsville in the winter of 1799- vin, John Radcliff, Moses Holladay, Thomas Wig- 1800 to view the funeral ceremonies of Washington gins, Joel White, John Peters, Jeremiah McNem, there displayed. and William Lanfitt. Subsequently occur the names One of the daughters of old George Kroft married of Thomas Bandfield, Zachariah Brashears, Basil Peter Colley, one of Redstone's noted pioneers and a Brown, Robert Chalfant, James Crawford, William popular landlord of his day. George Kroft died in Butler, Alexander Armstrong, Isaac Stout, Jererniall 1806, but how old he was he did not know himself, Downa, Joseph Brashears, William Brashears, John for he was a man but little given to either learning, Craig, William Smith, Nathaniel Brown, Aaron reflecrion, or observation. George B. Craft, one of Richardson, Evan Williams, Moses Davison, John his grandsons, died in Redstone in 18'78, aged ninety- Matthew, Thomas Downs, Lucas Ives, Zela Rude, three. Another of his grandsons, George, was at one Samuel Jackson, James Stephens, Christopher Perky, time sheriff of Fayette County. Henry Tillen, Nathaniel Fleming, Francis Pursley, During the early period of George Kroft's residence Robert Shannon, John McGrew, John Dean, Rich- in Redstone settlers felt much apprehension concern- ard RlcGuire, John McCormickle, Anthony Tills, ing Indian ravages, and although no very serions Thomas Best, Adolph Iler, John Miller, Godfrey trouble came to them from that source, they were in Johnson, John Cummins, James Winders, William constant dread for a time. There was at Merrittstown Beard, Benjamin Caulk, John Cherry, Reuben Sti- a fort, whither at the first alarm of the near presence rers, John Scantlin, Robert Chalfant, Edward Elliot;

REDSTONE TOWNSHIP.

Jonathan Chambers, Patrick Lynch, John Casler, / enconnteringan experience that must have made him James Richey, Thomas Barker, Edward Jordan, 1 not only familiar and warmly welcome to the people, John NcConnell, John Bright, John Lynch, Xuael I but an experience that taught him valuable lessons in Hess, John Laughlin, Richard J. Waters, Edward / the school of pioneering, and toughened his own ' Brashears, Philip Fout, Charles Hickman, George ; nature to endure the rigors of the wilderness. What Bruner, John Matson, John Restine, Michael Lynch, , had seemed a predilection in favor of the country in James Lynch, Ezekiel Painter, Reuben Kemp, John 1765 was confirmed as he became acquainted with it, Detrich, Joseph Price, Hugh Laughlin, Caleb Gas- and in 1771, considering that the population had kill, Robert Adams, John Jackson, John Cartnell, then become numerous enough to warrant an effort Robert Martin, William Gmnon, John Fulton, John to make such a land settlemeut as he had long looked Rosemon, Henry Lancaster, and Aaron Dennis. for, he purchased a large tract of land upon Dunlap7s William Colvin lived in a log cabin, as mentioned, Creek, within the present limits of the townships of and as can best be gathered from the records he left, German, Redstone, and Menallen. To this land then ]nust have kept a trading-place and tavern as well as he returned the following year with his fourteen-year- a distillery. How long he remained after his first old son Ebenezer, a farm hand named Samuel Finley location cannot be told, but it is probable that he (not related to the Rev. James), and a number of withdrew from that region about 1771, frightened negro slaves. Philip Tanner, who bore Rer. James away, doubtless, by fears of Indian aggressions, since Finley company to Western Pennsylvania in 1765, it seems pretty well authenticated that when George located lands adjoining Finley's tract in 1770, and Kroft settled on Dunlap's Creek in 1771 his nearest doubtless made a settletnent about 1772 ; but details neighbor was nine miies away. Accepting that state- touching his residence in this county are so meagre ment as true, the conclusion follows that Colvin was that nothing can, with any degree of certainty. be not in the vicinity at that time. That his absence told concerning him except that he died on his Red- was not prolonged to any great extent is tolerably stone-farm in 1801. In 1502 his executors sold the certain. It is said that the floor of his cabin was farm to John Moore. As to Rev. James Finley, he composed of a single flat rock, which was at a late was at no time himself an actual resident of Fayette date broken up and used for house foundations in County, although his son lived and died in the county, Brownsville. William Colvin, grandson of the Wil- and left within it many descendants who have to this liam Colvin first named, was a surveyor of some note. day worthily maintained the name. Rev. James was He died in 1870 on the farm now occupied by his son settled in 1783 oyer Rehoboth Church, in Westmore- Samuel, the only son of William Colvin in the town- land County, and died in 1795. With this statement ship. Of eight sons six are, however, still living. his history may be considered closed as concerns this William Colvin's widow, aged seventy-six, still resides record of Fayette County, save the remarkthat from on the old homestead with her son Samuel. the time of his coming in 1765 to 1783, thirty-four The settlement of the Finleys in Redstone was one families, connected mainly with his congregation in of the conspicuous features of early local history, al- Cecil County, removed to Western Pennsylvania. though, as a matter of fact, the Finley settlement proper These families, it is said, intended to make their Penn- mas effected by a person who, although named Fin- sylvania settlements near each other, but coming out ley, was not akin to the actual owner of the land on in straggling detachments as circumstances allowed which he settled. To trace the thread of the story they found themselves unable to secure lands as they from the source, the declaration is made that in or desired, and thus they became scattered, although about 1763, Rev. James Finley, then a Presbyterian only so far that the area that included their homes minister living in Cecil County, upon the Eastern measured less than forty miles between extreme Shore of Maryland, came into Southwestern Penrrsyl- points. There was nevertheless a Providence in this vania on a tour of observation, which included not scattering of the families, for it was the instrument only a religious mission looking to the preaching of the through which Presbyterian Churches were estab- gospel to such settlers as he might find, but looking lished at least at five poilits, to wit: Chartiers, Cross for land locations where he might after a while make Creek, Rehoboth, Laurel Hill, and Dunlap's Creek. homes for his sons. Accompanying Mr. Finley was Of the thirty-four families named, twenty-two of the a Chester County farmer and fuller, by name Philip heads thereof became ruling elders of the churches Tanner, who was similarly in search of lands. Tan- named at their organization. ner and Finley made a wide circuit of the then almost Ebenezer Finley played a conspicuous part in a unbroken wilderness of country, and tarried perhaps perilous adventure with Indians near Fort Wallace a month, Finley preaching here and there as he in 1776. " Finleyl had gone from Dunlap7sCreek on found opportunity. He is said to have been the first a short tour of militia duty to the frontier as a substi- minister of the gospel (except army chaplains) who tute for Samuel Finley, then in charge of the Finley ever penetrated into Western Pennsylvania. Finley farm. While Finley was at Fort Wallace tidings came into the country again in 1767, and again in 1771, each time on a preaching tour, and each time 1 From " Old Redstoue."

726 HISTORY OF FAYI

I'IKDSTONE TOWNSHIP. 727

to each one u substantial reminder of his thoughtful "To Andrew Lynn, in right of Thomas Pearce, are for them. Laughlin was not only a kindly-dis- 1304 acres, called ' Purchase,' situated on the east side posed and gentle master to his s~rvants,but he was an of the Monongahela River, in the new purchase, earnest and faithful worshiper at the Dunlap's Creek Bedford County, and surveyed Aug. 26,1769, by order Church, despite the fact that he was not a member of survey 1768, dated April 3,1769." The first-named thereof. For a long time, however, it was the gener- survey was made by archibald McClean, deputy sur- ally-accepted belief that he was a member, and in- veyor, the last two by A. Lane, deputy surveyor. deed the church-members themselves mere so con- Some time before the year 1800, Benjamin Phillips vinced that he was one of them that they chose him (an ex-Revolutionary soldier) came with his wife s ruling elder. When they learned from his own from New Jersey, in company with Jonathan Hill, lips that he had never been in membership they were for whom he had agreed to drive a team across the surprised and disappointed. That one so devout and mountains. Among Hill's effects was a chest that regular in attendance upon church meetings could be contained-so relates Mr. Benjamin Phillips, of Red- without the circle did not once occur to them. stone-fully three bushels of silver and gold. The John Laughlin was as precise in his dress as in his chest mas in the pos~essionof 31r. Benjamin Phillips, mauners, and as famous almost for his knee-breeches, of Redstone, until within a few years, but where slippers, silver buckles, and perique as he was for his it is now is not known. Jonathan Hill located in simple and correct methods of speech and honorable Franklin, and built a mill upon the present Samuel dealings with his fellow-men. He followed the busi- Smock place. When he sold his property to Jonathan ness of distilling to a considerable extent, and kept Sharpless, in 1810, he moved to Virginia, and there his neighbprs as well as his own farm-hands well sup- died in a lunatic asylum. Benjamin Phillips rented plied with thejuice of the grain. An old manuscript a small place in Jefferson township of Bateman Goe, in the possession of Mr. Benjamin Phillips purports to and worked for the neighbors whenever he got the be an order from some person (signature missing) Ehance, for he was poor, and strove to get something upon John Laughlin for the delivery to John Miller laid by so that he could buy land for himself. He of two gallons of whisky '' the day he begins to reap, worked so hard that his health failed, and he spent a and not before." season in bed. His wife was, however, just the sort John Fulton, who located upon the present Samuel of a wife a man like him needed, for while her hus- Colvin farm about 1800, died there in 1818. One of band lay ill, and it was for some time, she not only the daughters of his son,. John L. Fulton, is Mrs. attended to her domestic duties, but worked their Benjamin Phillips. small farm, and did it all, too, without calling for The first survey of lands in Fayette County under assistance from the neighbors. After tarrying a few the law of 1769 appears to have been made to An- years in the present township of Jefferson, Benjamin drew Linn, Aug. 22, 1769. It lies in what are now Phillips moved to Redstone township, and located Redstone and Jefferson townships, upon the Redstone upon the old State road, near the Menallen line, Creek. The tract, including two hundred and forty- where he opened a tavern. Ultimately he changed four and one-half acres, was called Crab-Tree Bottom, his habitation to the farm whereon the widow of and is said to have had at one corner of the survey a David Phillips now lives, and there he died in 1831, plum-tree that was spoken of for a long time after- aged upwards of eighty-five. The only ones of his wards as a noted tree because it marked the beginning children now living are Mrs. Edward West, of Iowa; of the pioneer land survey. It stood upon a bank of Elijah Phillips, of Iowa, aged eighty-three ; and Ben- the creek, into which it was washed many ye'ars ago. jamin Phillips. of Redstone. Daniel C. Phillips died The tract named is now owned by J. M. Linn. At in 1878, aged seventy-five, and David Phillips in 1881, the point now occupied by J. M. Linn's mill a grist- aged eighty-five. mill was built by Andrew Linn's widow in 1796.' Mr. Benjamin Phillips remembers a story told to Additional surveys to the Linns in 1769 are quoted him by his mother of her trip with her husband to as follows : New Jersey upon horseback on a visit to her parents, "To William Lynn two hundred and ninety-three only a few years after they (the Phillipses) had come acres called 'Whiskey Mount,' situated on the east to Southwestern Pennsylvania. Mrs. Phillips carried side of the Monongahela River, in the new purchase, her babe before her upon her horse, while Mr. Phillips Bedford County, and surveyed Bug. 25,1769, by order had likewise a load, and thus on horseback they jour- of survey No. 2847, dated April 5,1569." neyed across the mountains by way of a road that for "To Andrew Lynn, in right of Nathan Lynn, a great part of the distance was no better than a mere 2924 acres,'called 'Contention,' situated on the east path through forests. Her experience had the effect side of the Monongahela River, in the new purchase, of urging her to forswear forever any more journeys Bedford County, and surveyed Aug. 25,1769, by order from Pennsylvania to New Jersey, and so she per- of survey 492, dated April 3, 1769." suaded her parents to remove westward, which they shortly did, much to their daughter's gratification. 1 See history of Jefferson tuwuship. In 1780. Thorns Gallagher came from east of the

728 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

...... ------mounta;ins with a wife and two children, and with I the David Fuller place. Mr. Frost was grandfather of them first found a home in the West in the loft of n / Mrs. W. R. Moore. Ae was married three times, and spring-house on Ebenezer Finley's hrm, in Redstone died in 1834 upon W. R. Moore's farm. His son, J. township. Mr. Gnllagher had bought the land known , L., who died in Redstone in 1869, had ten children. as the James Black tract, but the tenant upon the Eight are now living, and of the eight all save one place was not prepared to move out of the farm-house, I, live in Fayette County. Jacob Hibbs is supposed to arid so until the followillg spring Mr. Gallagher and 1 have come from Loudon County, Va., to Redstone as I his family had to get along as best they could. Thomas 1 early as 1780. Lacey, the only one of his sons to Gallagher was commissioned, Oct. 18, 1813, as adju- / make Redstone a permanent home, married Sallie, tant of the Ninety-first Regiment. He was taken ' daughter of George Kroft, and lived at first on the ill in service and came home to die. Gallagher oc- 1 farm now owned by Aaron J. Hibbs. He died in cupied a portion of a tract of six hundred acres taken 1819. He had five sons and three daughters. The up by Robert Evans. Nov. 23, 1771, the proprietors ' only son now living is Samuel C. Hibbs, of Redstone. of Pennsylvania patented to Robert Evans two hun- William Ball, one of Redstone's pioneer blacksmiths, dred and fifty acres in the forks of Dunlap7s Creek had a shop in 1809 near Redstone Creek. He died and Four-Mile Run, joining lands of John McKib- in 1865. His widow still lives in Redstone. bin's, and including a stony spring to the eastward of Philip Fought, a German, emigrated to America to Thomas Scott's cornfield, in the county of Bradford. escape the turmoil incident to a religious commotion Of Thomas Gallagher's grandsons now living, J. 31. i in Germany, and settled in Chester County, Pa. and W. K. are citizens of Redstone, and E. T. a resi- About 1780 he moved to Fayette County, and made dent of luzerne. J. M.Gallagher, now a farmer near a settlement ia Redstone township upon a sel-en-hun- Merrittstown, was a merchant in the last-named place dred-acre tract of land, now comprising the four farms from 1843 to 1856. His wife is a granddaughter of that are owned by James Fought, Daniel Craft, Sam Brady, famous in the olden time as a scout and Mathias Hess, and John L. Reisbeck. James Fought's Indian-fighter. place in Redstone, always owned by a Fought, is now Capt. John Moore, a famous figure in Redstone's in the third generation of succession in the name. early history, was a settler as early as 1770 in the Mr. Philip Fought, who was singular in his dress, and southern portion of the present township, upon a farm appeared invariably in attire fashioned in a peculiar until recently owned by John and William Moore. style of his own, established a wagon-shop, blacksmith- Capt. Moore came out to prospect, and lived six weeks shop, and plow-shop upon his farm, and carried on the in a hut. During that time he devoted himself to business with perseverance until old age ended his la- hunting and land-looking, and saw no human being bors. Of the elder Fought's family of six children there until one day at the end of six weeks he encountered were four sons,-James, William, George, and Philip. old Billy Davis, who was living in German township, George was a soldier under Mad Anthony Wayne at and who, like Moore, mas living in a hut alone while Stony Point, where he was wounded in the left arm, considering the matter of making a new home in the rendering it useless. Some time later he took a boat wilderness. Capt. Moore had a large family of chil- load of supplies down to New Orleans, where he died dren. Their names were George, John, Aaron, Rezin, of yellow fever. James and William died in Virginia. Ezekiel, Rachel, Hannah, and William. Rezin and Philip died on the old farm in Redstone in 1860, aged Williain settled in Redstone. William mas never eighty-two. married. Rezin had ten children. Of them living Joseph Gadd located in 1800 upon the S. C. Hagerty now are John M., Mrs. Samuel Herron, and William farm, a half-mile west from Tuckertown. He died in R. Capt. Moore served in the war of 1776, and won Redstone in 1852, aged seventy-nine. One of his a record for more than common bravery. Upon the daughters married William Hatfield. Isaiah Ste- old Moore place in 1778 he planted an apple-tree that phens was an early comer to the place now owned by still bears largely of fruit. He brought it over the Joseph Gadd, who married one of Stephens7 daugh- mountains along with a half-dozen others in his sad- ters. Thomas Hatfield, grandfather of Joseph Gadd, dle-bags. Capt. Moore died in Bedstone, and was fought under Jackson at New Orleans. The wife of buried on the old Moore farm. the elder Joseph Gadd (first named above) died Abraham Landers, a settler about 1790 in the on the present Joseph Gadd place in 1875, aged southern portion of Redstone, was one of the early ninety-six years. Isaiah Stephens died on the same sawyers at Ebenezer Finley's saw-mill. His children farm in 1814. numbered four. They were named Poily, Sallie, The McCormicks were among Redstone's early Abraham, and Jacob. Polly was the mother of Mrs. settlers, and among the most esteemed. James Mc- W. R. Moore. James Frost, to whom a place called Cormick settled in Jefferson in 1750, and died there " Lapland" was surveyed Feb. 5, 1784, was a promi- in 1847, aged eighty-five. John C. McCormick, one nent pioneer in Redstone. When but seven years of of his sons, mas born on Dunlap's Creek, where his age he came to the township with his step-father, father was at one time a settler. John C. mas a William Rose, who located on what is now known as house-carpenter as \\-ell as farmer. His farm, south

REDSTONE TOWNSHIP. 729

--- - .------of Cook's Mills, was cluriilg his posseAoi~ thereof ti which place they lived until their two children, regarded as a model. He was an ardent Presbyterian, Samuel and Elizabeth, mere born. Jonathan was a and with others founded the Central Presbyterian hcksmith by trade, having served an apprentice; Church of Menallen. He died in 1876. Of James ,hip of seven years. He settled on Big Redstone in McCormick's seventeen children the living are seven 1796, in which year the firm of Sharpless & Jackson in number. :rected the famous Redstone paper-mill, it being the Griffith Roberts, of Chester County, with a family irst paper-mill west of the mountains. and first lived of four children, traveled westward over the moun- In the Gillespie farm, where West Brownsville now tains in company with William Jeffries and family kands, but Jackson in a short time converted an old about the year 1800. Roberts made his home in ;table into a house on the paper-mill grounds. His Redstone township, on the farm now occupied by ;econd wife was.a daughter of Peter Miller, of Red- John Hibbs, in Pleasant Valley District, and bought itone. He died Jan. 20,1860, at the Redstone home- bp Robert9 of Anthony Sills. Jeffries settled in ;tead, in the ninety-third year of his age, his first wife Union township. Mr. Roberts was a stone-mason iaT-ing died in May, 1823, and of the death of his and plasterer by trade, and upon his settlement in ;econd wife we have no date. He left eleven chil- Redstone pursued that occupation with great indus- hen. Those who were living in 1870 were William, try. George Chalfant, a lad whom Roberts had Sabina, Edith (Mrs. Piersol), of Mehaska County, brought west with him, worked and lived with the Cowa, and Priscilla (Mrs. Morgan Campbell), of latter, and became a skillful mason. George Chal- jcottdale, TVestmoreland Co., Pa. fimt bought a farm in 1809 of Cavalier Wheaton. William Sharpless was born on the Redstone paper- There he died in 1858, aged seventy-six, ard there mill farm, Feb. 7, 1797. He was married to Mary his son Finley now lives. Mr. Roberts himself did Zolvin, Oct. 23, 182.3, who mas born Jan. 30, 1802, not live in a very magnificent house, for it was, as a md died Aug. 12, 1870. He had no children, and matter of fact, simply a log cabin with a clapboard ivas in the paper business most of his life. The pro- roof; but he constructed good houses for other peo- luct of his mill was widely known as the standard ple, and is said to have done his work exceedingly paper of the country. The old paper-mill was well. He plastered a house in Bridgeport about burned many years ago, and on the ground now seventy years ago, and the plaster is as firm and stands what is known as the Parkhill Bouring-mill. smooth now as it was when put on. Nr. Roberts He was long a member of the Baptist Church, and died in 1825, aged eighty years. His only son, Grif- the present edifice, well known as the Redstone Bap- fith, married a daughter of-~dwardMorris, who lived tist Church, was erected chiefly through his individ- in the Finley settlement. ual effort and means. He died Nov. 22, 1881, at the Edward Morris was especially noted for being a residence of Capt. S. C. Speers, Allen township, large man. His weight was three hundred and thirty Washington County. pounds, and that of his daughter, who married Grif- Among other prominent members of the sect in fith Roberts, Jr., three hundred and twenty. Morris that locality may be named Theodore Hoge, Peter moved from Redstone to the State of Ohio. Griffith Miller, James Veech, Samuel Vail, Joseph Wood- Roberts died in 1819. His son, Judge Griffith Rob- mansee, and Micajah Smith. These mere instrumen- erts, lives now in Bunker Eill District, Redstone tal in erecting a log meeting-house in what is now township. known as Centre School District,and there the Friends There was a pretty numerous settlement of Quakers regularly assembled for many years. By and by the along Redstone Creek where the stream separates ranks began to grow thin, and the number of Friends Redstone township from J'efferson and Franklin, and had dwindled away in 1856 to less than half a score. the members of this settlement, coming in about the In that year the meetings were discontinued, and year 1800, were located in each of the three town- with the death of Jonathan Sharpless, in 1860, passed ships named. Among these people the most promi- away about the only remaining evidence of the ex- nent personage was Jonathan Sharpless, who lived istence in the neighborhood of a community of first in Redstone, afterwards in Jefferson, and lastly Friends. A graveyard laid out by the Quakers at in Franklin, where he died. He was a quaint, blunt- the church is still used occasionally, though it is a spoken Quaker, who always said what he meant, and neglected spot, where broken and crumbling head- for whom his brother Quakers felt a very high esteem. stones and rankly growing weeds contribute to the The first of the family who emigrated to this country appearance of desolation. But few of the head- were John Sharpless and two brothers from Wales, stones bear any inscriptions, but simply initials rudely who came with William Penn. They took up a thou- cut. Two stones record the burials of " Mr. Sharp- sand acres of land in Chester County, about twenty less" and " Joseph Sharpless." Others are marked miles from Philadelphia. John had a son Joseph. W. P.; P. C., Esq.; C. M.; J. P.; D. C.; C.P.; He also had a son Joseph, who was the father oi E. S. F. ; and H. Jonathan, who emigrated to Fayette County. His In 1780, Samuel Grable came from the Eastern first wife was Edith Niccolls, of Wilmington, Del. Shore of Maryland and located a tract of about six

730 HISTOBY OF PAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. - hundred acres in the present township of Redstone. two are living,-Leonard in Fayette, and Philip in Mr. Grable's property mas known as the "Maiden's Westmoreland County. J. A. Noble, living now in Bower," and was patented to him in 1785. He lived Redstone, located in 1863 upon his present farm, on what is called the Beal place, and died there in which was patented in 1796 by Thomas Jones. Mr. 1811. His children numbered nine. His sons were Noble worked as a glass-cutter at the Albany Glass: David, Samuel, and Philip. David removed at an Works, on the Monongahela, in 1832. early day to Kentucky. Samuel, Jr., and Philip re- On the 28th of February, 1785, Alexander McClean,

mained on the old farm and died in the township. I deputy surveyor, surveyed a tract of land to Elizabeth Philip married a daughter of Jeremiah Downs, wl~o Briscoe, in trust, containing 297 acres. McClean de- in 1787 patented land lying in Redstone, upon the scribed the land as "situated on the north side of creek where William Norcross now lives. In 1795 Burd's road, and on the new road leading to Pearce's Philip bought of Peter Rothwell the place on which mill on the Redstone Creek, in Menallen township, Earhart Grable now lives, Rothwell himself living Fayette County." He adds this note to John Lukens, then where Thomas Canfield now resides. The Ear- Esq., surveyor-general : "This survey was made in hart Grable place Rothwell had got from Zelah Rude. order to give a proper representation of a controversy who was living on it in 1789. Two daughters of between Thomas McIlroy and Elizabeth Briscoe, in Philip Grable, aged respectively eighty-one and trust for her children. NcIlroy had obtained a war- eighty-two, are at present living with their brother, rant, which I had executed previous to this coming to Earhart Grable. hand, and which is caveated by her attorney, riz., Mentioning as among the early -settlers of Red- Jacob Beeson, It appears that all of McIlroy's pre- stone the names of Samuel Wheaton (now living in tensions to a right previous to the warrant was a pen the township at the age of ninety-three), Barig Bra- raised three log high and his name marked on a shears, John Tate (who died in 1799), James Winders, tree. Edward Todd also caveats the acceptance of Stephen Randolph, Timothy Smith, James Frost, the this survey as well as that of McIlroy's, alleging some Hibbs families, and Christopher Perkey, we come t.o kind of equitable right to a part of it." Samuel West, who established a wagon-shop near the William Price came to Fayette County from Wash- river in Luzerne township before 1800, and after gain- ington County, Pa., in 1797, having received a patent ing much fame and profit in the business moved over for his land June 27, 1796. Of his eight children the into Redstone, and located as a farmer near the place sons were Joel, William, Harmon, David, Isaac, now occupied by his son James. The last named has and Henry. Joel Price had six children. He died been constantly engaged since 1831 in the manufac- in Redstone, Nov. 4, 1864. His three sons-W. D., ture at his farm of wagons and carriages, in which T. B., and H. W.-are still living. business he is still largely employed. One of the early grist-mills of Redstone stood upon In 1809, Johnson Van Kirk (whose father, William, the Redstone Creek, just north of where the Baptist was a Revolutionary soldier) rented a piece of land Church stands, and upon land patented in 1794 by near Merrittstown, and farmed it,until 1816, when he John Gary, who was the mill proprietor. The mill- moved into the Finley settlement in Redstone, where site was occupied in 1836 by Levi Colvin, Morris he had purchased two hundred and thirty acres of Truman, Joseph Truman, and William Sharpless land of John Moore's heirs. This John Moore was with a paper-mill. When the floors were laid the a man of considerable note among the pioneers, and mill was dedicated by religious services by Rev. Mr. was especially famous as a skillful manufacturer Speer, in the presence of a large company of guests. of spinning-wheels. Johnson Van Kirk lived in the Sharpless & Co. continued the business until 1845, Finley settlement until his death in 1870, at the age when John Taylor bought out the Trumans, and as of eighty-three years. Three of his sons now reside then formed the partnership of Taylor, Sharpless & in Redstone. They are named Zenas, Theodore, and Colvin endured until 1850. William Sharpless then Elijah. Zenas lives on a place patented by Robert retired from the firm, but in 1860 pnrchased the en- Evans in 1775, and sold by Evans to Thomas Gallaher tire interest in the mill and became its sole proprie- in 1799. George Gallaher carried on at that place tor. He experimented in the manufacture of straw at one time a distillery of considerable importance. paper, but his venture was not successful, and after Leonard Lenhart, living now. on the pike in Red- a brief experience he abandoned the mill, which stone, settled on the place in 1860. His father, Michael stood idle from that time. Lenhart, came over the mountains about 1800, and The following tavern-keepers were licensed in Red- locating first on the Yough, remo'ved soon after to stone between 1798 and 1800 : John Bartlett, Amos Cookstown, where he set up as a wagon-maker. Wilson, Jonathan Hickman, Francis Griffith, Peter Nichael was drafted in 1814 into the military service, Kinney, in September, 1798; Elias Bayliss, Decem- but the war closed before he was called upon to go. ber, 1798 ; George Kinaear, September, 1799 ; Tobias Upon one of his periodical trading trips down the Butler and Samuel Salter, September, 1799; James Ohio he was taken ill and died near Cincinnati. Brown, December, 1799 ; John Richards and Herman He had twelve children ; five were sons, and of them Stidger, in June, 1800.

REDSTONE TOWNSHIP. 731

The National road traverses Redstone township, was there, a sign of a village. Johnson (who had, and in the days of its liveliest travel imparted much ' by the way, been landlord of the Green Tree tavern to that portion of the township lying along on the State road, and some years before that a hand its course. Previous to the days of the National road, in Jackson & Sharpless' paper-mill on the Redstone) however, there was a State road, over which a great built the stone tavern about 1816 or 1817. In 1814 deal of traffic passed, and upon which there were in 1there was nothing at Tuckertown but the black- Redstone several taverns This road entered the smith's shop and residence of George Wintermute. township near the site of the Menallen Cumberland In that year a twelve-year-old orphan lad named Presbyterian Church, and passing towards the west William Hatfield (born near Plumsock) tramped along by the place known as the old Colley tavern into Wintermute's shop and asked to be taken as an stand, traversed thence to Brow-nsville, about the apprentice. Wintermute rather fancied the lad, and course now pursued by the Xational road. One of not only agreed to take him as an apprentice but the earliest taverns on that highway in Redstone was soon adopted him as his son. Hatfield worked faith- a house kept by Benjamin Phillips before the year fully with Wintermute until 1826, and upon the lat- 1800. Morris Mahler kept a tavern a little south of ter's removal to Ohio purchased his shop and busi- Phillips' place, where a man named Green, and suc- ness at Tuckertown- (or Johnson's, as it n-as then ceeding him John Piersol and Robert Johnson, kept called). Hatfield carried on a good business as black- the Green Tree inn in a log house that stood upon smith and farmer until 1840, having in 1836 pro- the farm now occupied by Nathan Phillips. There vided the State with all the iron toll-gates erected 09 was also old Peter Colley's tavern farther along on the the pike within Fayette County. In 1842, Nr. Hat- State road, and still westward the Red House tavern, field bought of Robert Johnson the stone tavern stand on the present G. H. Bowman place, where Natthias which, as before observed, had been built (by Ran- Hess lives. Cuthbert Wiggins (known for short as dolph Dearth) for Johnson in 1817. After the sale " Cuddy") was the landlord of the Red House as far of. his Redstone tavern stand Johnson moved to back as 1810. That house is now and has been for Franklin township, where he died. as long as any one can remember the voting-place for By 1842 Johnson's tavern had become a famous Redstone township. The stone house in which Elijah place, and was well known the whole length of the Craft lives was built in 1817 by Wilkes Brown for a road. It was not only a stage-house, where the stages tavern, and a stanch, compact house it is even at this of the Good Intent Line changed horses and dined day. It stands a little back of the pike now, but passengers, but where throngs of travelers put up when built was upon the old State road. Wilkes every night. The great tavern-yard was always Brown, Thomas Brown, and Basil Brown mere early crowded with wagons and teams, and the roomy bar- comers to Fayette County, and in Brownsville and room with troops of drivers and travelers,. among vicinity, reaching into Redstone, owned a great whom the spirit of sociability made friends and boon deal of land. Taverns were also kept on the old companions of all hands. As an evidence of the road by William Hastings (where Leonard Lenhart amount of travel passing over this portion of the lives), and by some person on the Higinbotham place, National road in the early days, Mr. Johnson Van east of the Red House. There were indeed taverns in Kirk says that once, while journeying fiom Johnson's great abundance, such as they were, but they were at to Uniontomn, he counted no less than eighty great best nothing to boast of. Business was, however, brisk, freight-wagons, hauled by teams of six horses or more, for travel was lively, and besides freight traffic there besides stages and a miscellaneous assortment of four- were stages too, but the stage-houses were elsewhere wheeled vehicles. Arthur Wallace rented Johnson's than in Redstone. Tradition repeats tales of-robbery of Hatfield from 1842 to 1843, and in 1844 Charles and even murder when speaking of the old State road, Guttery was the landlord. In 1845, when James K. and refers especially to one old dreary wayside inn Polk, President-elect, passed over the pike to his where travelers mere often despoiled, and where a inauguration, he traveled by the Good Intent Stage peddler was once robbed and murdered; but such Line and dined at Johnson's. His progress had been stories ofttimes attach to the past of historic high: a sensation that drew in his train many curious sight- ways, and there is doubtless in them, as in this case, seers, and when he stopped at Johnson's for dinner a liberal amount of fiction. there was a numerous crowd in attendance to get a When the National road came into existence in good look at the man who had been chosen to be the 1818-20 the tide of travel, largely increased in vol- people's ruler. AnJrew Jackson stopped at Johnson's ume, was turned from the old State road into a new while making a trip over the road, and it is said also and broader channel, and as a consequence there that Henry Clay tarried there briefly one day. Land- came a demand for better taverns. The best of its lord Guttery reigned over the fortunes of Johnson's elass in Redstone was the stone house now occupied six years, and was followed by John Foster (1849 to by William Hatfield, at a piace called Tnckertown, 1851), and Hiram Holmes (from 1851 to 1852). In so named, it is said, by Col. Thomas B. Searight in a 1852, William Hatfield took charge of the tavern, and spirit of sport, for there is not at the spot, nor ever kept it open until 1855, when the openingof railways

732 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, YNNLUSYLVANIA.

! diverted traffic from the pike, closed the doors of the milling, and protested to his father that he would fanlous roadside taverns, and hushed the stir and an- make a sorry mess of it, but the old gentleman in- imation that had for gears made the old National ( sisted, and John determined then to do what he conld road a panorama of busy life. William Hatfield, who I to promptly master the situation. The first grist he had become by that time a man of means and a large , ground was a three bushel lot of wheet for Joseph land-owner, lived at Tuckertown until his death. He I Woodmansee, and out of it he got one hundred and served in Redstone township as justice of the peace twenty pounds of flour. John knew the quantity mas for the space of ten pears, and associate judge of the up to the standard, but he was not quite sure as to the Court of Quarter Sessions. There were besides quality, and with much solicitude he begged Mr. .Johnson's the taverns of Peter Colley and others on Woodmansee to report upon the flour after the family the pike within the limits of Rodstone township, but test had been made. Accordingly Mr. Woodmansee they were of no especial consequence, and came in happened at the mill three days afterwards, and, for only irregular and uncertain patronage. much to Cook's gratification, reported that the Richard Mills, an old man of more than ninety, flour was the best the Woodmansee family had ever still living in Minnesota, mas in his day a famous had in the house. Cook was delighted, and to this character in Redstone, and indeed a famous man from day refers with pleasure to the excellent luck he had one end of the National road to the other. He lived with his maiden grist. He got to be a successful and on a portion of the Hatfield place, and was known even famous miller, and did such a brisk business that far and near as a slave-trader. When the season per- he ground day and night on custom and merchant mitted it he traveled the road between Virginia points work. Sixteen barrels of flour was his average yield and the Monongahela in charge of gangs of slaves, for twenty-four hours. He bought wheat all over the purchased in the Old Dominion. The sight of Dick country from Uniontown to Belle Vernon, and shipped Mills marching a company of chained slaves was a Bour to Philadelphia, as well as to many customers common one in the olden time. along the line of the National road in Fayette County. Timothy Canfield, who emigrated from Ireland to For fifty -five years, or from 1812 to 1867, John Cook America in 1809, came to Fayette County in 1813, stuck faithfhlly to his post as the miller of Cook's and in 1820 took a contract to do a large amount of Mills, and during that extended term of service he work on the National road. In 1834 he bought a never lost a day while he had health and strength. farm in Redstone originally occupied by Joseph He is still living at Cook's Mills in his ninety-third Woodmansee. There he settled and lived until his year, and in the enjoyment of moderately good phys- death in 1874, aged ninety years. Three of his sons ical health and mental vigor. In 1832 he built a are still living,-Thomas on the old farm, John in new grist-mill, the one now carried on by his son Iowa, and Daniel in Kansas. Henry. From 1812 to 1881 the mill property has al- Cooks Mills, so called from the establishment at ways been in the hands and possession of a Cook. that point by Thomas Cook in 1812 of a saw-mill and The old log fulling-mill that had been operated by grist-mill, is a small hamlet lying on the Redstone in the Fallis brothers upon the present site of the Cook the northeastern corner of the township. The settle- Brothers' woolen-factory was leased by Thomas Cook ment at Cook's Mills was founded by John and Rich- to William Searight, ~vhomade the business so suc- ard Fal1is;who about the year 1800 built there a cessful that he had in a few years saved five thousand grist-mill and fulling-mill. They pursued the busi- dollars from it. He fulled as high as two hundred ness until 1813, when they sold out their interests to pieces of cloth in a year. Thomas Cook, previously living near Perryopolis, In 1829-30, Thomas Cook, Jr., built the present where he located in 1791, and carried on until 1812 woolen-factory, stocked it with valuable machinery, the business of general mechanic. With the mill and leased it to Ephraim Pilling, James Pilling, and property on the Redstone Cook acquired from the James Hamer, who were the first to manufacture Fallis brothers about seventy-five acres of land, and woolen cloths at Cook's Mills. Thomas Cook, Jr., building there a shop for the manufacture of plows, took possession of the factory business after a while, etc., he set himselfto the pursuit of that industry, while and carried it on until his death in 1873. His sons, he gave to his son John charge of the grist-mill, and Thomas and Playford Cook, are the present proprie- leased the fulling-mill to William Searight. The tors of the business, in which they manufacture blan- elder Cook was a skillful workman in iron, and in the kets, flannels, satinettes, cassimeres, jeans, and all manufacture of plows mas so famous that people came kinds of yarn. They use both steam- and mater- from afar to give him orders. He was, moreover, a power, and employ usually a force of six hands. millwright and carpenter, and until a few years before John Smith is believed to have opened the first store his death in 1842, at the age of eighty-seven, was in- at Cook's Mills, but when he opened it or how much dustriously en~ployedin mechanical pursuits at Cook's of a store he had are now not to be ascertained. Mills and the vicinity. Likewise Shadrach Negus did a small tanning busi- John Cook, whom his father placed in charge of the ness on the creek at Cook's Mills, but recollection of grist-mill, knew scarcely anything about practical him as well as of Smith is vague and uncertain. The

REDSTONE TOWNSHIP. - first store of any consequence was firat kept by David Brewer's; thence in a direction to intersect Thomas Cook, Jr. the Broad Ford road at the house of Andrew McKin- The store now at Cook's Mills was established there ney, the property of John Tate ; and thence with the by John S. Marsh in April, 1881. He was a store- said road to Redstone Creek, it is considered by the keeper at the place twenty years or more before that court that the said township be divided according to date, but in 1862 transferred his store just over the the prayer of the petitioners, and that the lower or creek into Jefferson township, in which year he mas western division thereof be called 'Redstone' town- appointed postmaster of Tippecanoe post-office. The ship, and that the upper or eastern part retain the old Tippecanoe post-office was established about 1856, at name." In Rovember, 1817, Brownsville township which time there was a sharp contest between the was erected from a portion of Redstone. residents of the respective localities of Cook's Mills The records of the elections in Redstone have not and the Sharpless paper-mill for a post-office. Mr. been well kept, and it is therefore impossible to ob- William Colvin, of Jefferson, acted on behalf of the tain a complete civil list of the township from the paper-mill location, and not only suggested the name ' time of its erection. A list of the principal officers of

as not borne by any other office in the State, but was i the township from 1840 to the present time is given mainly instrumental in securing the office location at below, viz : the mill. W. C. Johnson claims that he and Post- i JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. master Soan, of Brownsville, fixed upon the name of I IS40. William Hatfield. 1859. James J. Hastings. Tippecanoe, in remembrance of the old-time election John Brown. 1S60. James Craft. song of the Harrison campaign. John B. Patterson, ' 1S45. William K. Gallaher. 1864. 71'. P. Clifton. then keeping a store at the paper-mill, was appointed William Hatfield. 1 1865. R. Hagerty. P. Chalfant. the first postmaster, and was succeeded by William I 7S50. mil1iam C. Johnston. John Cunningham. I 1869. J. Armstrong. Strebig. In 1862, John Marsh was appointed, W. 8. 1 Gri6th Roberts. J. Craft. moved the office to Cook's Mills, and since that date I Uriah Higinbotham. I 1877. Jacob Gallaher.

has been the postmaster. I 1S55. Jame..q Craft. I 1880. George Krepps. Cook's Mills' first resident physicians were Dr. I lS59. William G. Patterson. 1881. T. H. Higinbotham. Washington Barras and his brother William, who ASSESSORS. practiced in partnership from 1862 until a short time 1S40. Daniel C. Phillips. 1861. Samuel W. Rammage. afterwards. Both are now dead, William being said 1S41. Washin&on Brashear. ,1 1862. Reason A. Moore. io have been blown up on a Southern steamboat. 1S42. Griffith koberts. 1S63. J. W. Linn. The next physician mas Dr. Houston Finley, who re- 1843. William Hastings. 1864. J. Radcliff. mained about three years. He resides now in Strea- 1844. Jacob Sbaclileton. 1865. A. Beal. tor, Ill. Dr. John Davidson, who came after him, 1845. Samuel Arison. 1866. W. Waggoner. stopped but two years. He is now in Perryopolis. 1846. William Colvin. . 1S67. J. W. Linn. Andrew Guiler, the present village physician, located 1847. John C. McCormick. 1568. W. T. Gribble. 0. here in 1879. A Dr. Baltz built a water-cure estab- 1848. William S. Hatfield. 1869. Brasher. 1849. Solomon Colley. 1Sil. R. Tate. lishment in Redstone in 1846, and conducted it to 1850. -George Wagoner. 1Si2. R. A. Frost. 1850, when, discouraged with his poor success, he 1851. James Colvin. 1S73. H. T. Roteruck. abandoned the enterprise. 1S52. James J. Hnstings. 1874. S. P. Chalfant. William Thornton, one of Redstone's early settlers, 1853. Alfred Dearth. 1875. R. 6. Smith. mas killed in 1853 by one Peter Kelly. They met on 1854. George N. Crable. 1876. R. P. Brashear. the Rational road, and in the heat of a controversy IS55. WiIliam Waggoner. 1877. J. D. Simpson. that mas but a renewal of an old feud Thowton was 1856. Elliott Hibbs. 187s. J. A. Beal. killed. Kelly was sentenced to a term of twelve years' 1857. William C. Johnston. 1879. J. A. Woodward. 1S5S. Nelson Randolph. ISSO. J. R. Van Kirk. imprisonment and served his full time. 1859. James Craft. 1SS1. J. E. Frost. 1860. John Irons. TOWNSHIP ORGASIZATIOS AND CIVIL LIST. AUDITORS. In March, 1797, certain citizens of Menallen town- 1840. Samuel P. Chalfant. 1853. Lorenzo D. McCormick. ship petitioned for the division of the township, 1841. George Colley. 1S54. Pinley Chalfant. whereupon the court ordered at the December term 1842. Samuel P. Chalfant. 1855. Benjamin Phillips. in 1797 as follows: "On the petition of sundry in- 1S43. Eli Abrams. 1S56. John Radcliff. habitants of Nenallen township praying a division of lS14: William K. Gallaher. 1S57. Andrew Linn. the same township, beginning at the corner of Ger- 1845. James Watson. 1555. George Craft. 18.59. Oliver P. Randolph. man township; thence with Dunlap's Creek to Eb- , lS4'. .IamesCraft. 1860. Thornton Randolph. enezer Linsley7ssaw-mill ; thence with the great road I 1S4T. I 1848 Daniel C. Phillips. 1861. Elijd~Van Kirk. to John Townsend's mill ; thence mith the new road I 1s49: Alexander Baird. 1S62. Abraham Garwood. leading to Brownsville to a draught or run at Thomas Abraham Garwood. 1S63. Samuel Baird. Fitz Randolph's; thence mith the said draught or I, 1~51.William B. craft. 1S64. W. CoIvin. run past Conrad Muller's to the forks of the same at ' 1852. William Ei. Gallaher. 1865. E. Grable. 47

731 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLSANIA.

1866. W. Colvin, Sr. 1Si5. John Armstrong. / Baird, William Riley, William Hanna, Eliza Jane lS67. E. Craft. 1 George N. Gallaher. Van Kirk, Elizabeth J. Porter, Ellen and Mary 186% G. Roberts. 1 1576. James Craft. Ewing,' Hannah and Phcebe Porter, Isabella and 1569. W. Sharpless. 1Si7. Alpheus Craft. Rebecca Laughlin, Martha J. Johnston, Martha Mc- 1SiO. A. Rush. I 187% Anderson Craft. 1 Knight, Mary McKnight, Susan Hadlep, Amanda 1871. S. Colvin. i lS'i9. J. F. Grable. 1Si2. C. N. Hatford. i 18SO. L. D. Craft. ~ffbfd,Anna Dearth, Erie, Eliza, Harriet. and Jane 1873. James Craft. I John Gallagher. Baird, Harriet and Hannah Riley, Virlinda J. Riley, 1Si4. Finley Chalfant. 1 1SS1. J. Palmer. Harriet and Mary Ann Meredith, Jane Dunlap, Mar- G. B. Clemmen. I pret Moulton, Mary J. Coulton, Miranda Van Kirk, Sarah J. Hibbs. The books used were the United SCHOOLS. States Speller, New Testament, English Reader, Mur- Brief mention only may be made of Redstone's ray's English Grammar, Smiley's Arithmetic and early schools before the organization of districts in Western Calculator, Goodrich's Geography. 1835, and less even about the schools at the last- Following is a list of school directors elected in mentioned date, since the school records beginning Redstone during the last forty years : then have disappeared. In 180'7 a log school-house stood in the Cent.re school district near the Quaker 1840. George Craft. 1562. John McCormick. Church, and in it the teacher that year was old Sammy Robert Finley. Parker McDonald. Lappan. In 1810, John Simpson taught school in a 1841. Samuel Lion. 1563. A. F. Dearth. Jacob Shackleton. W. B. Downs. log house that still stands in the Redstone District William K. Gallaher. 1564. A. 3. Dcarth. and is the residence of Aaron Hess. In 1812, John 1S42. John Roderick. A. Garwood. Hankinson taught in a house near the Green Tree John Craft. 1865. S. Ramage. tavern, and in 1813 there was a school-house in the 1843. William Hatfield. D. Hibbs. Bunker Hill District near Gallaher's, but who was Washington Brashear. S. McCormick. the first teacher is not known. In the Colvin neigh- 1844. William Hastings. 1866. T. Eimpson. borhood a, school was taught by a Mr. Walbridge in William B. Randolph. J. Linn. 1803. Of course schools were taught in Redstone 1845. Griffith Rcberts. 1867. J. Cook. some time before the earliest of the dates above given, John McCormick. S. B. Page. but the oldest inhabitants do not recollect any earlier 1846. William Hatfield. S. Cammarine. Samuel Linn. S. &I.Baird. particulars than those mentioned. William B. Craft. 186s. J. Thornton. In 1828 a hewn-log school-house was built upon 1847. John Hibbs. A. Beal. land donated by Robert Baird near the Luzerne line, Huston Todd. F. Chalfant. in Oak Hill District. It measured twenty-four by 1S4S. William K. Gallaher. 1869. J. Higinbotha.m. eighteen feet, having windows on three sides. Each Washington Shriver. J. Armstrong. window was nine feet long and two feet and a half lS49. Henry Cook. 1870. W. Norcross. high. Many years afterwards the fourth side was Eli Cope. Alexander Van Kirk. pierced for a window. Desks were fastened along 1550. Samuel Linn. 1871. S. M. Baird. Alexander Baird. J. Palmer. the wall below the windows, and upon slab benches 1S5l. Joel Vernon. 1872. J. C. Thornton. the children sat aud pursued their studies. Those Amos Woodwsrd. W. G. Higinbotham. concerned in the building of the house were Hon. 1S52. William Hastings. A. Dearth. Charles Porter, Robert Baird, Sr., Johnson Van Kirk, John Roderick. 1873. John Reisback. Aaron Baird, Maxwell Dearth, Alexander Baird, 1S53. W. S. J. Hatfield. Leonard Thompson. James E. Breading, and others. The carpenter was Daniel C. Phillips. Aaron Beal. Joseph Mahaffey. School was opened the second week 1854. David Hibbs. 1874. Paul Hough. of May, 1828. Sarah Henderson, the first teacher, Washington Shriver. Elliott Hibbs. t,aught there four years. Then she removed to Ohio, 1855. Isaac Linn. 1875. James Jackson. James Dunn. W. G. Higinbotham- where she died in 1834. H. J. Ritcnhour. 1S76. John Moore. The rolls of the pupils of this school for the years 1S56. Eli Cope. W. S. Clemmcr. 1828 and 1829 had upon them the names of Aaron Wilson Hill. 1877. Thomas Higinbotham- Langley, Alexander J. Baird, Jr., Allen Bird, Cnleb 1857. Samuel Linn. Isaac Lyons. Hibbs, Daniel &Knight, Enoch F. Baird, George G. Robert Finley. Solomon Cummins. Baird, Harrison Johnston, Hugh Laughlin, Jacob 1853. William Corbin. 1SiS. W. S. Hatfield. J. Porter, John Porter, James P. Baird, John Dearth, William Hopkins. W. I. Grable. Johnston V. Dearth, Jonah Dearth, Jacob Meredith, Uriah Higinbotham. 1879. John Simpson. 1359. John Radcliff. John Moore. John Coulter, C. W. Henderson, Joseph H. Coul- B. William Hastings. ISSO. J. B. Stephens. ter, John Smith, Levi Bunting, R. J. Baird, R. McC. 1860. John Kelly. T. C. Linn. Porter, Robert A. Baird, Samuel dllamon, Samuel William IIopkins. ISS1. T. W. Finley. M. Baird, Samuel N. Baird, Theodore Van Kirk, 1861. Robert Finley. W. Kefover. Thomas W. Porter, William I?. Baird, William J. Nelson Randolph. Thom;~sCoffman,

-- Chartiers (who preached at Dunlap7sin 1774 and 1775 Cll UKC IlES. in conjunction with Rev. Mr. Power); and Joseph DUHLAP'S CREEK PSESBYTERIAN CHURCH. - Smith, of Buffalo and Cross Creek. Presbyterian preaching, and perhaps preaching of Mr. Dunlap continued to be the pastor until 1789. any End, was first heard in Dunlap's Creek Valley In 1787 the church had a session of eight elders and in 1765, in which year Rev. James Finley, living on eighty-three members. The elders were Charles Mc- the Eastern Shore of Maryland, made an expedition Clean, Robert Baird, Ebenezer Finley, Samuel Tor- through that region. He preached wherever oppor- rance, Andrew Frazer, John Parker, William Frame, tunity offered, in tents, groves, school-houses, and and Daniel Reeder. The members included the fore- barns. He made similar tours in 1767, 1771, and going-named elders and their wives, toget.her with 1772. In the summer of 1774, Philip Tanner, a com- William Lynn, John and Jane Moore, Margaret panion with Rev. Mr. Finley in 1765, and a settler in Smith, William and Anne Norris, John Jones, Linn Redstone soon afterwards, agitated the subject of the Oliphant, Linn Gilillen, John and Sarah Miller, organization of a church in his neighborhood, and Widow McKinn, James and Margaret Adams, invited Rev. James Power, his son-in-law, to come Thomas and Ann Gallaher, Samuel and Agnes out from Chester County for the purpose. Mr. Power McKinley, Samuel Adams and wife, Jacob and responded promptly, and in September, 1774, he or- Eleanor Reeder, George Hill, William and Mary ganized the Dunlap's Creek Church at a meeting Grey, Stephen Reeder, Susanna Adams, James Brown, held in a sugar-grove on Mr. Tanner's farm. There David and Mary Reeder, Eliza and Jemima Reeder, were sixty-one constituent members, of whom the Nary Hubbell, William Rose and wife, Elizabeth ruling elders chosen were Charles McClean, Andrew -4dams, James and Susanna Frame, Richard and Frazer, Robert Baird, John Parker, Samuel Torrance, Elsie Watts, James Adams, Jr., Benjamin Adams, Daniel Reeder, Ebenezer Finley, and William Frame. George Smith, Sarah Wilson, Samuel and Elizabeth The large number of constituent members would Sprout, Mary Alton, Mary Wilson, John Baird, Wil- seem to indicate that nearly all, if not quite all, the liam Powell and wife, Eleanor McClain, Absalom church-going people in that region were Presbyterians. Little and wife, William Conwell and wife, Lewis The region tributary to the church organization soon Davidson and wife, Joseph Moss, Reuben winget, embraced not only Dunlap's Creek Valley, but Union- James and Agnes McLaughlin, James and Rebecca town, Brownsville, and the country known as the Red- Veech, Samuel Adams, Jr., and wife, Martha Work, stone settlement. Mr. Power preached two years, and George Lee. and then being requested to settle permanently among Between the date of the departure of Mr. Dunlap the people as pastor returned to Chester County for and 1792 the church depended upon supplies. In the his family, and with them Came over the mountains year last named Rev. Jacob Jennings was installed as in the fall of 1776 by way of Braddock's road. He pastor, and remained in the pastorate until 1811, when rode upon one horse, his wife and one child upon an- he resigned because of age and infirmities. He con- other, and his two other children upon a third in tinued his residence at Dunlap's Creek, and occupied baskets slung across theanimal's back. Shortly after the pulpit occasionally until his death in February, Mr. Power organized the church a log meeting-house 1813. Mr. Jennings was a physician as well as min- was built upon Mr. Tanner's hrm, and in that house ister, and during his entire pastorate pursued the -and occasionally in tents in the woods-the Dun- practice of his medical profession. lap's Creek congregation worshiped until 18i4, when In September, 1812, it was determined to secure the a new edifice was erected. Mr. Power was comfort- services as pastor of Rev. William Johnston. The ably settled with his family, and was promised a yearly pledge for support was signed by ninety persons, and salary of 3120 ($320). He remained, however, but read as follows : " We whose names are hereunto sub- three years, when he accepted a call to be the pastor scribed, desirous of having the means of grace statedly at Mount Pleasant, where he afterwards preached for administered at Dunlap's Creek meeting-house, and thirty years. Rev. James Dunlap was secured to having a prospect of obtaining, in connection with succeed Mr. Power at Dunlap's Creek. Mr. Dunlap Brownsville, the ministerial labors of Mr. William was the first installed pastor, for it was not until 1781 Johnston, at present a licentiate of the Ohio Presby- that the Redstone Presbytery was organized. The tery, do engage to pay for his support, and as an ac- Presbytery intended to take action that year upon knowledgment for one-half of his labors in the Dun- the call to Mr. Dunlap to be pastor at Dunlap's Creek lap's Creek congregation, the sums set opposite our and Laurel Hill, but the members did not assemble names per annurn in half-yearly payments." The because of prevailing Indian troubles, and so it was paper was dated Sept. --, 1812, and signed by Eben- not until Oct. 15,1782, that he was installed, although ezer Finley, George Gallaher, John McClean, Robert he had been officiating as pastor from 1'780. ,The Pres- Baird, John Moss, Enoch French, James McCormick, bytery consisted that year of the Revs. James Powers, James Adams, John Wallace, Jacob Walter, F. Lewis, of Sewickley and Mount Pleasant ; Thaddeus Dodd, Aaron Baird, Eucal Dod, John McCormick, Alexander of Ten-Mile; John McMillan, of Pigeon Creek and Baird, John Cunningham, Jr., William Ewing, Com-

736 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. ------fort Arnold, Thomas Davidson: Jeremiah Davidson, I Kirk, W. S. Craft, Joseph \Voodward, and Albert John Cunningham, Armstrong Porter, David Porter, McMullen. Johnson Van Kirk is superintendent of William Porter, Joshua Corey, Nathaniel Breading, the Dunlap's Creek Sunday-school. William Hazel, Alexander Wllson, Samuel Haney, / During the pastorate of Rev. Samuel Wilson the Jesse Brown, Joseph Sprott, Samuel Taggart, Violet 1 Dunlap7s Creek Presbyterial Academy was founded Hays, George Chalfant, John Moore, Maxwell Dearth, in 1849, partly by the churches of the Presbytery, but Henry Conkling, John Saladay, Joseph Willey, Easter chiefly by members of Dunlap's Creek Church. Rev. Landers, Jacob Moss, Robert Boyd, James Finley, I Samuel Wilson was the first principal, and John S. John McDougal, Charles Porter, William Linn, ) Craig the first tutor. The principals succeeding Rev. Ephraim Dilly, Joseph Green, Benjamin Ross, / Mr. Wilson were James Black, Joseph Power, Simon Thomas Gallaher, John Coulter, James Cunning- B. Mercer, Caleb B. Downs, George W. Chalfant, S. ham, William Cunningham, Joseph Dilly, L. B. Dod, / J. Craighead, T. D. Ewing, D. H. Sloan, R. B. Porter, John Fulton, Noah Le-cvis. Elijah Coleman, Johnston W. J. Burchinal, and William Fulton. The academy Van Kirk, Samuel Stanberry, John Luckey, Aaron was a very popular school in its day, and frequently Torrence, Elizabeth Ross, Nancy Crawford, Elizabeth had upwards of one hundred students on the rolls. In Mills, ~arnesCorbitt, David ~ackson,James Laug- 187Tit ceased to exist, because the support extended head and sons, Peter Hammon, William Ramsey, to it had become inadequate for its continuance. John Torreace, Jesse Ross, James Kelly, dndrem The Dunlap's Creek graveyard, in the centre of Clark, Hugh Laughlin, James Gilmore, Prettyman which stood the old Dunlap7s Creek log church, con- Conwell, James Gibson, Margaret Porter, Barbara tains within its weather-beaten and time-worn old Porter, A. Littell, William Mustard, Polly Englehart, stone-wall inclosure many reminders of the past and John Gallaher, Benjamin Barton, Thomas Scott. Of of those who were foremost among the pioneers. the foregoing not one is now living. The last who There are to be found in it many handsome monu- died was Armstrong Porter, who lived until 1879, and meuts, as well as neglected graves and broken tablets, reached his ninety-sixth year. which tell how apt the living are to forget the dead. In March, 1813, Rev. Mr. Johnston entered the pas- Many old tombstone inscriptions are defaced and torate, and continued therein until December, 1839. I. illegible, others are still easily read. Among the Soon after the commencement of his pastorate (in latter are those erected to the memories of Jane Moore, 1814) the handsome stone church now in use was who died Dec. 6,1787 ; Jane Findley, June 5,1793 ; built. Mr. Johnston's successor was the Rev. Sam- I Lewis Davidson, Nov. 16, 1793 ; " Elizabeth, ye wief uel Wilson, who was called Jan. 1,1840, and installed of Lewis ~avicison,"April 24, 1794; John Mackey, November 17th of that year. His pastorate lasted Nay 19, 1794 ; Samuel Torrance, 1797 ; Jacob Jen- until May 1, 1869, after which he moved to Illinois. 1 nings, 1796 ; Nary Hany, Jan. 10, 1802 ; Violet Find- When he began his labors at Dunlap's Creek the : ley, 1804; Jane Torrance, 1808 ; John Porter, 1812 ; church membership was eighty-two; when he closed Ann Porter, 1813; Margaret, consort of David Craft, them it was one hundred and eighty-three. Rev. J. ' 1812; William Wallace, 1804; Thomas Gallaher, P. Fulton, his successor, was the pastor from 1870 to 1806 ; Mary Cunningham, Oct. 23,1822 ; John Ful- 1879, when the present pastor, Re\-. W. G. Kevin, ton, 1825 ; John Gallaher, 1820 ; and David Bread- began his labors. ing, who died (aged 85) in 18%. Upon the tombstone In 1853, to accommodate the large number of mem- i of Elizabeth Baird, who died in 1826, is written, bers living in the neighborhood of New Salem, the I N.B. The deceased was consort of Robert Baird." society built at New Salem a substantial brick chapel, " Two of the pastors of Dunlap's Creek Church were where services are regularly held by the pastor of laid to rest in the old churchyard. They were the Dunlap's Creek. There is also at New Salem a I Revs. Jacob Jennings and William Johnston. The flourishing Sunday-school in connection with the tablet over Mr. Jennings' grave has the following: church. Of that school Ebenezer Finley has been " In memory of the Kcv. Dr. Jacob Jennings, who for twenty the superintendent twenty-eight years. He is, more- / years was pastor of this congregation. That he mas a. true fol- over, the oldest member of Dunlap's Creek Church, 1 lower as me11 as a faithful minister of the Lord Jesus Christ his period of connection therewith embracing fifty- i was testified by his long-continued works and labor of lo-ie in three years. For forty-seven years he has been a tyo arduous professions combined.1 He died in the faith of the ruling elder. Dunlap7s Creek Church enjoys much i gospel of Christ, and in the hope of that life and immortality prosperity. The membership in March, 1881, mas I which are therehy brought to light, Feb. 7, IS1.3, aged sixty- about two hundred and seventy-five. The church ( nine. 'And I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, property consists of two houses of worship, a parson- I Write, Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord. Tea, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labors, and their works do age, and twenty-six shares of bank stock, bequeathed follow them.' " by Mary Ann Gilmore, widow of Hugh Campbell, of Merrittstown. The elders are Finley Chalfant, A handsome shaft perpetuates the memory of Rev. William Johnston, and bears this inscription: Johnson Van Kirk, E. T. Gallaher, Hayden Baird, 1 - -- L- - --.- Ebenezer Finley. The trustees are Theodore Van 1 Physician and minister.

REDSTONE TOWNSHIP. 737 - .- -- .------. . "In memory of Rev. Willi.~mJohnston, who departed this Anna Brashears, Emanuel Stewart, Rebecca Stewart, life Dec. 31, 1541, in the fifty-eighth year of his age and thir- Hester Hess, Maggie Simpsou, -- Shook, W. 6. tieth of his ministry. In him tslents, intelligence, and those Hubbs, John Johnson, Levi Colley, Caroline Colley. Christian virtues which adorn thc relatioh of life were happily Those baptized at the first meeting mere George Hig- united and blended. 'They that be wise shall shine as the inbotham, Emma Higinbotham, Rachel Higin- brightness of the firmament, and they that turn many to right- eousness as the stars for ever and ever.' " botham, Louise Higinbotham, Dilworth Craft, Mary F. Craft, Hattie E. Craft, William Matthews, Mary A. Beneath the same stone lies Xartha, his wife, who Matthew, Aaron Hess, Lizzie McHenry, Rockey Mc- died June 9, 1860. In the old churchyard lies also Cune, Mary E. Eagle, David Shook, John Wilgus, Ebenezer Finley, one of the fathers of Redstone, and Mrs. B. E. Wilgus. One hundred and twenty per- by his side lie the four worthy women who were his sons have been received as members of the organiza- aires. tion to the present time (April, 1881), and of these REDSTOM? BAPTIST CHURCH. about sist'y remain. Baptist worship was held in Redstone before 1847, In 1875 the present house of worship (called the but until that time there was in the township neither Christian Chapel) was erected at a cost of $3500. church organization nor meeting-house connected The successive pastors have been Revs. S. F. Fowler, with the Baptist denomination. Brownsville was the J. W. Kemp, D. L. Kincaid, and - Sattedeld. point to which the Redstone Baptists journeyed to The.pastorate is at present vacant. The elders are church, although public services were sometimes held Clark Hess arid Solomon Cruxwine. The deacons in private houses and school-houses in the neighbor- are Robert Goe, John Colley, Otho Brashears, and hood of the creek. In 1847 a meeting was held at Levi Colley. the house of William Colvin to discuss the subject of building a church; and a lot being offered for the purpose as a donation from Levi and D. C. Colvin, BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. prompt action was taken by the appointment of Wil- liam Sharpless, William Colvin, and Elias Hutchin- son as a building committee to take charge of the ROBERT FINLEY. matter of erecting a house of worship. Assistance Robert Finley was born April 4, 1809, in Redstone being readily forthcoming, the house lvas built that township, and there died Oct. '7, 1874. He was of year near the junction of @olvin7sRnn and Redstone Scotch-Irish descent. His education was receired in Creek. An inscription upon the front of the structure the common schools, and was supplemented by exten- testifies that it is the "Regular Baptist Meeting- sive reading. He was a man of keen observation, House." At the dedication Rev. James Estep and was noted for the wonderful powers of his mem- preached the sermon. ory. He was married to Catharine Caruthers, of Rev. E. M. Miles and William Penny were engaged Sewickley, Jan. 23, 1833. There were six children. to supply the preaching, but no church organization Four died in infancy. Mary hl. married Jeremiah was effected until Mr. Penny came, when he and the Baird ; Samuel E. Finley married Sarah Burchinal; Rev. William Wood formed the church, with a con- Catharine died June 9, 1842. stituent membership of upwards of forty-five. Smong ' Robert was married again May 13, 1845, to Anne the pastors who served the church after the organiza- Hurford, of Luzerne township. They had five chil- tion may be named Revs. John Scott, William Hick- dren, two of whom are dead. The three living are man, Daniel Kelsey, and -Smith. The last pas- Thomas W., John E., married to Josephine Hazlett ; tor mas Rev. 0.O'Brien Strayer, who relinquished the Margaret A., married to James G. Wilson. charge in November, 1880. April, 1881, the mem- One who had known Mr. Robert Finley long and bership was thirty-eight. The deacons were D. E. intimately t.hus wrote of him, "Seldom are we called Whetzel and Earhart Grable; the trustees, Benja- upon to record a death which makes so sensible a breach min Phillips, Estq Colvin, and Alfred Cooper. in the church and community as that of Mr. Robert Finley. For forty-five years he was a member. and CHURCH OF CHRIST. for thirty-five an active and efficient trustee, of the Feb. i, 1874, Alanson Wilcox, an evangelist of the Presbyterian Church of Dunlap's Creek. He was Church of Christ, met with a company of persons at the youngest son of Ebenezer Finley, Sr., deceased the Redstone school-house, and by the advice and who had been a ruling elder for some seventy years ; a consent of Elder Wesley Lorimer, of Cookstown, grandson of Rev. James Finley, one of the first min- formed the Church of Christ in Redstoue. The or- isters of the gospel who crossed the Allegheny Moun- ganizing members mere Robert E. Goe, Hittje Goe, tains, and founder of Rehoboth, in the Presbytery of Catharine Goe, Dora Goe, Lizzie A. Higinbotham, Redstone, who mas a brother to Rev. Dr. Samuel Louisa Higinbotham, Stephen Phillips, Caroline Finley, president of Nassau Hall, New Jersey, an Phillips, D. R. Hazen, C. R. Hess, Emily R. Hess, ancestry in covenant with God. Mr. Finley pos- Otho Brashears, Lizzie Brashears, Lucy Brashears, sessed great vigor of constitution and energy of char-

HISTORY OF FAY ETTE COUNTY, YENNSY LVANIA. - acter, and marked success in business. He was a 1 ette County with him. They were all Quakers. Grif- judicious counselor, a genial friend and companion. fith, Sr., died in 1823, his wife a few years afterwards. He enjoyed life in the best sense, and loved to see 1 Hon. Griffith qoberts has no membership in any others enjoy it in like manner. His example of strict church, but has always been a liberal contributor to temperance, of industry, prudent economy, and gen- erous hospitality and wise counsel was of great value to young men. His benevolent spirit found pleasure in seeing all embrace the gospel, and be temperate, honest, industrious, peaceful, prosperous, and happy, but had little patience with laggards, tipplers, and spendthrifts. His charity mas genuine and espan- sive, embracing all classes an& denominations ; a lover of good men, whose society he greatly enjoyed, being in cordial sympathy with them in the love of Christ and his cause. "He left a large" circle of friends to lament his loss. His place mill not soon be filled. The church has i lost one of its pillars, the conlmunity one of its most 1 earnest, upright, and exemplary business men." "Help, Lord, for the godly man ceaseth !" I

HOK. GRIFFITH ROBERTS. Hon. Griffith Roberts mas born in Redstone township, Fayette Co., Pa., where he now resides, March 7, 1807. He is of Welsh stock, and mas educated in the common schools. His early life was spent upon his father's farm. He was married Dec. 14, 1826, to / Nancy Fought, of Redstone. He remained upon his ' father's farm one year after marriage, and then moved to a farm adjoining the one upon which he now lives, and I remained there twenty-five years, and then moved to his present place of abode. He has had four children, the various den~minat~ions.He rather leans to the -Hannah, married to James M. Cook ; George, mar- belief of his father. His morality is unquestioned. ried to Eliza Pranks ; Philip (now dead), married to He is well and favorably known in the county. He Eliza A. Balsinger ; Elizabeth, unmarried. The first is worthy of the confidence his friends have in him, o%ce Mr. Roberts ever held was that of captain of a and is a genial gentleman of the old school. militia company mhen a young man. He has held all the offices of the township, except that of constable. He was nominated and elected associate judge of Fay- ette County in 1876 by a flattering vote. He held the JAAIES MADISOX LIFK. office until it was abolished in 1881, discharging the The grandfather of James Madison Linn, Bndrex duties in a manner creditable to himself and satisfac- Linn, settled in Fa>-ette County at a very early date. tory to his constituents. He held the office of county He had his farm patented. He was a soldier in the commissioner for three yeam, 1866, 1867, 1868. His Revolutionary war, and mas one of the first settlers wife, Nancy, died Dec. 25, 1858. west of the Alleghenies. They were driven back east His father, Abraham Roberts, was born in Chester of the mountains several times by Indians. County, Pa. ; came to Fayette County when a young James X's father, Capt. Isaac Linn, was born upon man, and married Elizabeth Morris, of this county. the farm where his son now resides in 1774. He mas They had eight children,-four sons and four daugh- married on Oct. 22, 1796, to Jemima Voorhes. They ters. Griffith was the second, and is the only one re- had eight children. James IM. was the fifth. IsaacLinn siding in Fayette County. The others who are living was a soldier in the war of 1812. He mas captain of reside in the West. Abraham died in 1819; Eliza- an infantry company, and served during the war, beth died in 1845. going during his period of service into Canada. Mr. Roberts' grandfather, Griffith Roberts, came ' James ;Madison Linn mas born July 20,1808, upon from Wales mhen a young man and settled in Ches- the farm where he now resides, and was educated in ter County, Pa., where he married Rachel Jeffries. the common school, and studied the classics under a They had but one son, Abraham, and came to Fay- private tutor. He mas married May 13,1841, to Mary

I'LE~BTONE TOWNSHIP. 739

Linn, of Redstone township. They had eight chil- i Frances, who married Joseph Antram; Elizabeth, &en,--William T700rhes, now dead; Isaac, married ' married to Dr. J. P. Sangston; Harriet A., married Emma Stewart ; Syers, deceased ; Jemima A., to John F. Hess; Lucetta, George L., and John G., married to John C. Hanna; Samuel S. B., married to / unmarried. Florence A. Holnles ; Charlotte L., married to S. A. / Mr. Hibbs held the usual township offices intrusted Phillips; Alcinda C., not married; Mary E., married . to a careful business man, and was for three years a to 0. D. Porter. i member of the almshouse board. In all these posi- In the early portion of his life Mr. Linn was occu- ! tions he conducted the public business in a satis- pied as a clerk, and afterwards engaged in distilling. I factory manner. For many years he m-as a member For many years past he has followed farming and of the German Baptist Church, and held the office of milling, and has held important tomnship offices. He i elder for a number of years. His pecuniary start was is a menlber of the Old Redstone Baptist Church, as is I small. By industry and careful business management also his wife. He started in life with nothing, and he was able to leave his family in comfortable circum- gradually accumulated his considerable property, I stances. His success was due to his integrity, his in- which consists mostly of lands, but he has a good ; dustry, his devotion, his unselfishness, and charity. share of money also. These made his character great,--" the virtues are the forces and powers in life." He mas a qniet man, .- -. ------! ; made but little show, and did his duty as nearly as D.A\TID HIEBS. I he was able, and was content. The best legacy he The late David Hibbs, who died May 18, 1868, mas ' left his family was a good name. bcrn in Reilstol~etomnship, July 15, 1809. He mas - of English descent, and wnu educated in the common 1 SAMUEL C. HIBBS. schools. He was married April 18, 1S39, to Hannah : Walters, dsugilter of' Ephrainl Waltera, of Nicholson - Samuel C. Hibbs was born in Redstone tomnship, Feb. 14, 1802. He is of English stock, was educated in the common schools, and learned the business of farming, and has been engaged in it all of his life. He was married in January, 1533, to Elizabeth Beal, of Menallen tomnship. They had six children,-Ma- linda, married first to James Niccolls, again to Dr. King, of Bloomington, 111. ; John, married to Hannah Lackey ; Aaron, married to Margaret Weltner ; Ben- jamin, who was a soldier in the late --ar, was wounded at City Point and died there. His remains are buried in the Presbyterian Cemetery at New Salem. Robert, married Anna Davidson ; Elizabeth, married to James Finley. The sons are all farmers. Mr. Hibbs has long been a member of the Presbyterian Church. His wife, Elizabeth, died in 1871. He had a small start in the world in a pecuniary may. The fine farms which lie owns, or rather which he has given his children, thus sensibly starting them well in life, he made by his own industry. He is active for one of his age, and is evidently contented and happy. His moral status is excellent. Those who know him respect him a5 a citizen and a man. His father, Lacy Hibbs, was born east of the Alleghenies, and came to Fa)-ette County early in life and settled upon the farm where his grandson, Aaron, now resides. He married Sarah Craft, of Fayette County. They had eight children. Samuel was the sixth, and is the only one living. His ancestors were Quakers. township, and sister of Epllraim Walters, of Mason- town, German town~llip,and of Dr. Jefferson A. Walters, now living in Dayton, Ohio, a gentleman of THOMAS CAUFIELD. prominence, and :L considerable and careful contribu- Thomas Caufield is of Irish stock. His father, tor to genealogical liten~ture. They have had nine Timothy Caufield, mas born in County Galway, Ire- children. Two died in infancy. The seven liring land, in 1784, and migrated to America in 1810, are Jefferson W.. who married Elle:~Van Kirk; Mary lociting in Belmont County, Ohio. He married

740 HISTORY OF PAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. - .- - . -- .. Nancy Hynes, of that county, in 1826. Mrs. Cau- was born Feb. 13, 1807, and died Feb. 20, ISSO. He Eeld died in 1831, leaving three children, John, was of German stock, and was married in 1847 to Thomas, and Daniel. John resides in Clarke County, his cousin, Caroline E. Craft, of Redstone township. Iowa. Daniel was merchandising in Kansas during There were born to them nine children, seven of the struggle for supremacy there between the North- whom are living, five daughters and two sons,- ern and Southern political forces, and has not since Ellen L., married to Samuel Colvin ; Loretta, mar- been heard of by his fiiends in Pennsylvania. ried to Joseph 0. Miller; Hester B., married to Dr. Timothy Caufield moved from Belmont County, H. W. Brashear; Richard N., married to Rebecca Ohio, into Fayette County, Pa., in 1834. He was a Nutt; Hayden R., married to Laura Bell Colley ; contractor on the National pike, and spent much of Annie M., married to John R. Carotlicrs; Jessie Ben- his life in operating upon public works, building ton, single. roads, etc. He was married a second the in 1836. Mr. Craft was a justice of the peace in his native The maiden name of his second wife was Elizabeth township for about thirty years, and was not only a Detson, who died in 1872. Mr. Caufield died Dec. justice in every sense of the word, but was eminen+ 30, 1873. a man of peace, never failing, contrary to his own Thomas Caufield was born April 24, 1829, in Bel- pecuniary interest, to urge upon litigants a peaceful mont County, Ohio, and removed with his father to settlement of their difficulties. As nearly as possible Fayette County, Pa., in 1834. He was educated in he followed the golden rule. Under the preachiug the common schools, and has spent nearly all his life of the pioneers of the Cumberland Presbyterian upon the farm where he now resides. He was mar- Church,-Morgan, Bryan, Sparks, and others,-he ried July 15, 1574, to Maggie L. Lynn, of Millsboro', became a member of the Hopewell branch of that Washington Co., Pa. Her great-grandfather, Wil- communion. When the final hour came he expressed liam Lynn, was one of the pioneers of Fayette himself as ready and willing to die, "having full as- County, settling in Redstone township, on a farm ad- surance of a blessed immortality." joining her husband's, about the time the county was Mr. Craft was educated in common and select organized. The farm remained in the name for three schools. He cultivated a taste for the higher grades generations. Mr. and Mrs. Caufield have had four of literature, and had great admiration and love for children, three of whom are living,-John Gibson, the English classics, a high appreciation for Camp- Carrie Lynn, and Mary Edna. bell, Gray, and others of the British poets, and was Mr. Thomas Caufield has never held or sought po- able to quote many of their finest productions. litical office. He is a well-informed gentleman, hav- In early years he showed a proficiency in music. ing read much, particularly of history, remembering While quite a boy he became the leader of the cele- well what he reads, and applying the result,s of his brated military band which discoursed music for Capt. study to practical purposes, much more than it is eus- Geisey's company of Brownsville, and Capts. Trevor tomary for farmers to do. His neighbors esteem him and Beeson's companies of Uniontown. This band for his honesty and fair dealing. made the music at the reception of Marquis de La- fayette in Uniontown in 1825, and rvas urged by him and the celebrated Albert Gallatin to accompany them to the home of the latter on the ~onongahela JAMES W. CRAFT. above New Geneva, and partake of the festivities of James W. Craft's grandfather, George Craft, came his visit there, but were obliged to decline the flatkr- from Germany, and lived in Maryland, near where ing compliment. the battle of Antietam was fought, until the year This band, under the leadership of Mr. Craft, fur- 1771, when he removed with his family to Western nished music for all the Masonic and military parades ~enrk~lvania,and settled on the farm on which his of Uniontown, Washington, Brownsvi)le, and many descendants have ever since resided. David Craft, other places from 1824 to about 1835. So good was the father of James W. Craft, was born in 1763, and its music that Gen. Jackson said it surpassed any married, in l'iS8, Margaret Woodrow, who died in martial music he had ever heard. So great was Xr. 1812, leaving him a family of thirteen children, only Craft's fondness for music that he continued to play two of whom are now living,-Elijah Craft, of this on his two filvorite instruments, the flute and the county ; and Elizabeth Sproat, of Guernsey County, clarionet, up to the hour of his last sickness. SO Ohio. noble and gentle was Mr. Craft during his whole life David Craft approved of the cultivation of the that it is safe to say that no man in the wide region minds of his children. He wit11 some of his neigh- throughout which he was known was ever more bors engaged a graduate of the University of Oxford missed after death than he, or his loss more sincerely to teach a select school, in which he placed his sons. felt. The old Craft homestead is one mile east of Mer- rittstown, Fayette Co., Pa.

The late James TV. Craft, of Redstone town~llip,8

SALT LICK TOWNSHIP. _. LEONARD LEXHART. of his life in the -family of Mr. Lenhart, his son-in- Leonard Lenhart is of German descent. His father, law. Mr. Eberhart was a man of great energy and Michael Lenhart, was a native of Carlisle, Pa. He of enterprise as a business man; was at one time an married Martha Kline, and soon after his marriage extensive manufacturer of glass. In the days of his located in Fayette City, Fayette Co. He was a wagon- thrift he was open and liberal with his means, ready maker by trade, and followed his vocation for some t.o assist others. But a reverse came to his good- for- time in Fayette City, and then removed to a farm in tunes at last in the destruction by a devastating fire Washington County, Pa., near Greenfield. He died at Cincinnati of several thousand boxes of glass which in 1823. His wife, Martha, died in 1860, aged eighty- , belonged to him. From this misfortune he never three. They had twelve children. There are four of ; recovered, but his assist,ance was sought by other them LOW living,-Philip, in his eighty-second year; I manufacturers, and he was engaged actively in manu-

Mary Ferry, Sarah Kendall, and Leonard. 8 facturing until old age pushed him into retirement. Leonard Lenhart was born in January, 1809, in 1 Hewas kind in spirit, possessed fine colloquial powers, Fayette City, Fayette Co., and was educated in the was very social, and, above all, honest in purpose. common schools. He was married April 83, 1828, to Of his latter marriage- Mr. Lenhart has three Hannah Baldmin, of Fayette City. They had eleven I children,-Lizzie Bell, Charles E., and Leonard H. children,-Michael, married to Maggie Dodson ; Mr. Lenhart began life as a boat-builder in Fayette Martha, married to George IV. Clarke ; James S., un- City. In 1831 he worked in John S. Pringle's yard married ; George, married to Sarah Chatland ; Laura in Brownsville. Several years after he went there he J., married to William Guiker, Esq., who are living ; was made foreman of the yard. In 1846 he engaged William B., Maria, John R., Mary F., who was mar- as a partner in the business with Mr. John Cock, and ried to William S. Hatfield; Catharine, and Philip, continued with him until 1859. In 1860 he moved to are all dead. the farm where he now resides, and has been engaged Mrs. Hannah Lenhart died Aug. 2, 1858, and on in farming ever since. July 24, 1860, Mr. Lenhart married Mrs. Elma Nic- He had no pecuniary start. He has made all he colls, a daughter of William Eberhart, Esq., of Red- has by his own labor. He has held a number of im- stone township, who died Feb. 23,1882, in the eighty- portant township offices. He enjoys the respect of second year of his age. his neighbors, has a pleasant home, and is surrounded And here a few words concerning Mr. Eberhart by more comforts than farmers are usually supplied mill not be out of place. He spent the last few years with.

SALT LICK TOWNSHIP.

OCCGPYING the extreme northeast portion of the fed by numerous springs it has considerable volume, county is the township of Salt Lick, which has for its whose constancy, although .affected.by the summer northern boundary Westmoreland County, for its heat, bears favorable comparison with other mater- eastern Somerset County, from which it is separated courses of like size in the western part of the State. by Laurel Hill. On the south is the township of The larger tributaries are Back, Poplar, and Cham- Springfield, and on the west is the Chestnut Ridge, pion Runs, each having affluent brooks. The former which cuts it off from Bullskin. The surface is heads in the Laurel Hill range, and after flowing mountainous. Rising above the general level are southwest unites with Indian Creek a mile above the high hills which constitute a plateau in the western Springfield line. Champion Run rises in the Chest- part. Along the streams are deep valleys, in some 1 'nut Ridge, near the northwest corner, thence flowing I localities possessing considerable width and noted for I southeast till it loses its waters in the Indian Creek fertility. In other parts of the township the soil is 1 north of the centre of the township. Poplar Run thin and only fairly productire. Limestone is abun- ' also rises in the Chestnut Ridge, near the southwest dant, and coal of a good quality crops out along the corner, which it drains, then flows out of the town- streams. Iron ore and other minerals abound, but , ship into Springfield. On these streams are a number have not yet been developed. Centrally, flowing / of good water-powers, which have been utilized from through the township from northeast to southwest, is / the first settlement of the country. Salt Lick was the chief stream, Indian Creek, which was known originally heavily timbered, and many parts are yet in emly times as the Great Salt Lick Creek. Being covered with fine forests, free of undergrowth, adapt-

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