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Shared Register of Randomized Trials Comparing Comics to Embargo, Lexicon, Literature Or Other Comics (COLLECCTORS Register)

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Shared Register of Randomized Trials Comparing Comics to Embargo, Lexicon, Literature Or Other Comics (COLLECCTORS Register) Shared Register Of randomized Trials Comparing Comics to Embargo, Lexicon, Literature or Other Comics (COLLECCTORS register) Martin Vuillème12 August 10, 2021 Funding: No funding was received for this work. Data and materials: https://osf.io/34n6j/files/ Keywords: comics, graphic novel, manga, webcomic, fotonovela, living systematic review database, randomised controlled trial, experimental research Suggested citation: Vuillème, M. (August 10, 2021). Shared Register Of randomized Trials Comparing Comics to Embargo, Lexicon, Literature or Other Comics (COLLECCTORS register). Open Science Framework. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/34N6J Contributors: See the Contributions and Discussion sections. 1Independent author 2He/him Email: [email protected], Twitter: @ScienceOfCookie 1 | P a g e [Back to top] Latest online version: https://osf.io/34n6j/files/ Last updated: August 10, 2021 (7:54 PM CEST) DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/34N6J Table of Contents Introduction to the project and register ............................................................................................. 3 Criteria studies must meet to be included in the register: ................................................................. 4 A brief comment on the risk of bias assessments, list of studies assessed for inclusion and notes sections ................................................................................................................................................ 5 Risk of bias assessments (visual summary) ......................................................................................... 7 Comics assessed in the included trials .............................................................................................. 11 Data extraction tables (data extracted from the included studies) .................................................. 40 Included studies categorized by outcomes measured .................................................................... 158 Keywords related to comics ............................................................................................................ 168 How we search for comics trials (database searches, keywords used, search strategies) ............. 171 Keeping track of what was searched, when and by who (search tracker) ...................................... 178 Backward citation searches (references assessed for inclusion) .................................................... 180 Forward citation searches (articles citing included study assessed for inclusion) .......................... 182 Contacts with comics trial authors and comics researchers ........................................................... 189 Suggestions for future comics researchers ..................................................................................... 192 Project details that still need to be discussed (discussion section) ................................................ 194 How people are contributing to or contributed to the project....................................................... 195 Conflict of interests and funding statements .................................................................................. 196 How to contribute to the register ................................................................................................... 197 Potential uses of the register for research on research (meta-research) ....................................... 198 General guidance for researchers using comics in randomized trials............................................. 199 Things left to do ............................................................................................................................... 204 Articles yet to include ...................................................................................................................... 205 Notes and general thoughts ............................................................................................................ 208 Appendixes ...................................................................................................................................... 217 Standardized emails sent ................................................................................................................ 218 References ....................................................................................................................................... 220 References of almost-included studies ........................................................................................... 228 Including a new study (checklist) .................................................................................................... 229 Planned register updates ................................................................................................................ 230 2 | P a g e [Back to top] Latest online version: https://osf.io/34n6j/files/ Last updated: August 10, 2021 (7:54 PM CEST) DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/34N6J Introduction to the project and register This document is an ongoing register of experimental studies assessing the effects of reading comics or derivatives (such as mangas, graphic novels, manhwas, webcomics, fotonovelas, bandes dessinées, fanzines, etc.). In research jargon the methods used to maintain this register are akin to those of living systematic reviews. The aim is to look for, identify, collect, assess and categorize all such studies for the benefit of all interested stakeholders (researchers, patients, the public, artists, funders, etc.). To be included in the register experimental studies assessing comics or derivatives need to meet a certain number of criteria, found here. Only a certain type of studies are included (randomized controlled trials); this decision was made for feasibility reasons (there would be too many studies to cover otherwise) and because when well-designed and executed these studies are widely regarded in the field of medicine and health research as being among the most reliable tools to assess if a small to moderate effect (increased knowledge for instance) is due to an intervention (comics in this situation). Indeed, when effects are small they are easily confused with noise (chance, biases, people getting better over time by themselves, etc.) and well-designed randomized controlled trials can offer some protection against these issues. The original author of this register (VM) believes most comics cannot be assumed to have strong effects. Considering evidence showing that most social and educational interventions have small effects and most health interventions have small effects he believes most comics (with a few exceptions) are likely to lead to small effects too. People contributing to the project do not need to agree with this view and disagreement is welcome. The full register along with its methods are meant to remain freely available to all forever. History of the project This project was previously composed of “The effects of comics, as measured in randomized controlled trials: a rapid review” and “Potential studies found through abstract and title screening (deduplicated)“ and built upon “Une revue rapide des effets relatifs à la santé de la lecture de bandes dessinées chez les enfants, les adolescents et les adultes (in French)“. All of which were planned, conceived, executed and written by Martin Vuillème with help from a few contributors. The original study plan (protocol) is available here. Non-English readers, lecteurs francophones, lettori italiani, Deutschsprachige leser, … For non-English readers (français , italiano , deutsch , espanol , etc.) I suggest using DeepL or Google Translate to translate the documents. Feedback and suggestions can be sent to Martin Vuillème ([email protected]) (@ScienceofCookie). 3 | P a g e [Back to top] Latest online version: https://osf.io/34n6j/files/ Last updated: August 10, 2021 (7:54 PM CEST) DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/34N6J Criteria studies must meet to be included in the register: Study methods: Studies must compare what happens to two (2) or more groups of participants. Participants must be allocated to two or more groups using chance, for instance by using the flip of a coin or a computer algorithm (these studies are called randomised controlled trials). One group must receive and read (or be read) some kind of comic or part of a comic (for instance a comic book, fotonovela, webcomic or a graphic novel). The studies must also include one or more comparison group(s) where participants either: a) Receive no intervention (“treatment as usual”, no comics) b) Receive a different comic c) Receive a different version of the same comic (such as colored versus black & white) d) Receive textual documents with or without illustrations (such as a brochure, leaflet, etc.) If participants who receive the comic also get something else (for instance comic + DVD), the comparison group must receive the same thing (for instance a brochure + DVD). Length of the study: Any (eg. hours, days, months, years, decades) Study participants: Children, adolescents, adults or older people of any age from any setting in any country with or without health conditions Outcomes measured: Any Measurement tools: Any Note about outcomes: So called “negative” and “statistically non-significant” (p>0.05) results are welcome and equally included Study status: Published, unpublished, in preparation, ongoing, completed, under review or interrupted Publication type: Studies published in scientific journals or in the “grey literature” (which includes
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