Earth Simulator News
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Seasonal Fluctuations in the Surface Salinity Along the Coast of the Southern Part of Kalimantan (Borneo)
Mar. Res. Indonesia Vol.4, 1959: 1-25 SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS IN THE SURFACE SALINITY ALONG THE COAST OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF KALIMANTAN (BORNEO). by Miss SJARMILAH SJARIF. SUMMARY The westerly current of the Java Sea from the southeast is branched to the north, along the eastcoast of Kalimantan (Borneo) as far as Cape Mangkalihat. This current brings high saline water, over 34.0°/oo, and in- creases the salinity along the coast of the southern part of Kalimantan, working together with the decreasing rains. In the westmonsoon, when the westward current has retreated and the easterly current from the South China Sea has developed, the northerly current along the eastcoast is replaced by a southerly current, from ,the Pacific. Under influence of the increasing rains and the large outflow of the rivers in the southern part of Kalimantan the salinity decreases rapidly, until a minimum value. This minimum is found irregularly during the diffferent months of the westmonsoon or the succeeding transition period. The lowest values are found in Sukadana Bay (29.0°/oo) and off Bandjarmasin (± 24.0°/oo). The further from this place, the higher the values. The maximum salinity is found during the months September and October in accordance with the minimum rainfall. The highest values are found in the eastern part of the investigated area (34.5°/oo). To the west it is lower, the more it is mixed with the low-saline water of the Java Sea. The salinity in the Karimata Strait is about 33.0 to 33.5°/oo. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG. Der nach Westen fuhrende Strom der Java See zweigt von Sudosten kommend entlang der Ostkuste Kalimantan (Borneo) nach Norden ab und reicht bis Kap Mangkalihat. -
The Seasonal Variability of Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll-A Concentration in the South of Makassar Strait
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Environmental Sciences 33 ( 2016 ) 583 – 599 The 2nd International Symposium on LAPAN-IPB Satellite for Food Security and Environmental Monitoring 2015, LISAT-FSEM 2015 The seasonal variability of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration in the south of Makassar Strait Bisman Nababan*, Novilia Rosyadi, Djisman Manurung, Nyoman M. Natih, and Romdonul Hakim Department of Marine Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Lingkar Akademik, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Abstract The sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) variabilities in the south of Makassar Strait were mostly affected by monsoonal wind speed/directions and riverine freshwater inflows. The east-southeast (ESE) wind (May-October) played a major role in an upwelling formation in the region starting in the southern tip of the southern Sulawesi Island. Of the 17 years time period, the variability of the SST values ranged from 25.7°C (August 2004) - 30.89°C (March 2007). An upwelling initiation typically occurred in early May when ESE wind speed was at <5 m/s, a fully developed upwelling event usually occurred in June when ESE wind speed reached >5 m/s, whereas the largest upwelling event always occurred in August of each year. Upwelling event generally diminished in September and terminated in October. At the time of the maximum upwelling events (August), the formation of upwelling could be observed up to about 330 km toward the southwest of the southern tip of the Sulawesi island. Interannually, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) intensified the upwelling event during the east season through an intensification of the ESE wind speed. -
Length-Based Stock Assessment Area WPP
Report Code: AR_711_120820 Length-Based Stock Assessment Of A Species Complex In Deepwater Demersal Fisheries Targeting Snappers In Indonesia Fishery Management Area WPP 711 DRAFT - NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION. TNC-IFCP Technical Paper Peter J. Mous, Wawan B. IGede, Jos S. Pet AUGUST 12, 2020 THE NATURE CONSERVANCY INDONESIA FISHERIES CONSERVATION PROGRAM AR_711_120820 The Nature Conservancy Indonesia Fisheries Conservation Program Ikat Plaza Building - Blok L Jalan By Pass Ngurah Rai No.505, Pemogan, Denpasar Selatan Denpasar 80221 Bali, Indonesia Ph. +62-361-244524 People and Nature Consulting International Grahalia Tiying Gading 18 - Suite 2 Jalan Tukad Pancoran, Panjer, Denpasar Selatan Denpasar 80225 Bali, Indonesia 1 THE NATURE CONSERVANCY INDONESIA FISHERIES CONSERVATION PROGRAM AR_711_120820 Table of contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Materials and methods for data collection, analysis and reporting 6 2.1 Frame Survey . 6 2.2 Vessel Tracking and CODRS . 6 2.3 Data Quality Control . 7 2.4 Length-Frequency Distributions, CpUE, and Total Catch . 7 2.5 I-Fish Community . 28 3 Fishing grounds and traceability 32 4 Length-based assessments of Top 20 most abundant species in CODRS samples includ- ing all years in WPP 711 36 5 Discussion and conclusions 79 6 References 86 2 THE NATURE CONSERVANCY INDONESIA FISHERIES CONSERVATION PROGRAM AR_711_120820 1 Introduction This report presents a length-based assessment of multi-species and multi gear demersal fisheries targeting snappers, groupers, emperors and grunts in fisheries management area (WPP) 711, covering the Natuna Sea and the Karimata Strait, surrounded by Indonesian, Malaysian, Vietnamese and Singaporean waters and territories. The Natuna Sea in the northern part of WPP 711 lies in between Malaysian territories to the east and west, while the Karimata Strait in the southern part of WPP 711 has the Indonesian island of Sumatra to the west and Kalimantan to the east (Figure 1.1). -
Summary: This Manuscript Contributes a Reconstruction of Paleo Sea-Level Position at 24 Points in Time Throughout the Mid to Late Holocene
cp-2019-63 Review Feb. 2020 Late Holocene (0-6ka) sea-level changes in the Makassar Strait, Indonesia (Bender et al.) Summary: This manuscript contributes a reconstruction of paleo sea-level position at 24 points in time throughout the mid to late Holocene. Authors interpret the new sea-level index points from the age, elevation, and paleo-water depth interpretation of fossil fringing reefs across SE Sulawesi near Makassar, Indonesia. In contrast to other coral-based reconstructions of past sea- level changes, but in keeping with other Holocene reconstructions from the SW Pacific (e.g. Hallmann et al., 2018), authors evaluate fossil reef growth in a fascinating morphology – microatolls – highlighting the potential for reconstructing past sea-level in great detail using this approach. Additionally, authors combine new data with previous data from two other islands near Makassar (recalculated results of three previous studies to directly compare them), which demonstrate higher-than-present relative (local) sea-level (RSL) during the late Holocene. Results and methods described here underscore the importance of evaluating fossil microatolls in the context of nearby living microatolls. Authors directly compare the elevations of fossil microatolls with their modern counterparts to evaluate the relationship between highest living coral (HLC) and the tidal cycle. Similar to previous works, this study finds that this relationship varies greatly on small spatial scales. To reconstruct paleo sea-level from fossil microatoll elevation requires the assumption that the relationship between HLC and the tidal cycle at that site has remained the same since the microatoll formed. Wisely, this study does not attempt to “connect the dots” and provide an RSL curve, but instead provides sea-level index points that can be compared with other Holocene RSL reconstructions and RSL predictions from GIA modeling. -
Bay of Bengal: from Monsoons to Mixing Ocethe Officiala Magazinen Ogof the Oceanographyra Societyphy
The Oceanography Society Non Profit Org. THE OFFICIAL MAGAZINE OF THE OCEANOGRAPHY SOCIETY P.O. Box 1931 U.S. Postage Rockville, MD 20849-1931 USA PAID Washington, DC ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED Permit No. 251 OceVOL.29, NO.2,a JUNEn 2016 ography Register now to attend this conference for international scientific profes- sionals and students. Virtually every facet of ocean color remote sensing and optical oceanography will be presented, including basic research, technological development, environmental management, and policy. October 23–28, 2016 | Victoria, BC, Canada Registration is open! The oral presentation schedule is available on the conference website Submission of abstracts for poster presentation remains open through summer 2016. www.oceanopticsconference.org Bay of Bengal: From Monsoons to Mixing OceTHE OFFICIALa MAGAZINEn ogOF THE OCEANOGRAPHYra SOCIETYphy CITATION Susanto, R.D., Z. Wei, T.R. Adi, Q. Zheng, G. Fang, B. Fan, A. Supangat, T. Agustiadi, S. Li, M. Trenggono, and A. Setiawan. 2016. Oceanography surrounding Krakatau Volcano in the Sunda Strait, Indonesia. Oceanography 29(2):264–272, http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2016.31. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2016.31 COPYRIGHT This article has been published in Oceanography, Volume 29, Number 2, a quarterly journal of The Oceanography Society. Copyright 2016 by The Oceanography Society. All rights reserved. USAGE Permission is granted to copy this article for use in teaching and research. Republication, systematic reproduction, or collective redistribution of any portion of this article by photocopy machine, reposting, or other means is permitted only with the approval of The Oceanography Society. Send all correspondence to: [email protected] or The Oceanography Society, PO Box 1931, Rockville, MD 20849-1931, USA. -
VIII-16 Sulu-Celebes Sea: LME #37
VIII East Asian Seas 309 VIII-16 Sulu-Celebes Sea: LME #37 S. Heileman The Sulu-Celebes Sea LME is comprised of the Sulu and Celebes Seas, which are separated from each other by a deep trough and a chain of islands known as the Sulu Archipelago. The LME is bounded by northern Borneo (Malaysia), the southwest coast of the Philippines and Sulawesi Island (northern coast of Indonesia), but most of the LME falls within the archipelagic waters of either the Philippines or Indonesia. The LME covers an area of about one million km2, of which 1.03% is protected, and contains 6.17% and 0.22% of the world’s coral reefs and sea mounts, respectively (Sea Around Us 2007). A complex oceanography results from the Celebes’ strong currents, deep sea trenches, seamounts and active volcanic islands. The LME’s tropical climate is governed by the monsoon regime. During the southwest monsoon months, the northern and central parts of the region are affected by typhoons, which bring intense rains and destructive winds to coastal areas. There are more than 300 major watersheds and 14 major estuaries in the region. A report pertaining to this LME is UNEP (2005). I. Productivity The Sulu-Celebes Sea LME is considered a Class II, moderate productivity ecosystem (150-300 gCm-2yr-1). The tropical climate, warm waters, ocean currents and upwellings make this LME one of the world’s most biologically diverse marine environments. Located near the confluence of three major biogeographic zones and within the Indo- West Pacific centre of biodiversity, the region supports mega-diversity (Roberts et al. -
Origin of Marginal Basins of the NW Pacific and Their Plate Tectonic
Earth-Science Reviews 130 (2014) 154–196 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth-Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/earscirev Origin of marginal basins of the NW Pacificandtheirplate tectonic reconstructions Junyuan Xu a,⁎, Zvi Ben-Avraham b,TomKeltyc, Ho-Shing Yu d a Department of Petroleum Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China. b Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel c Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA d Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan article info abstract Article history: Geometry of basins can indicate their tectonic origin whether they are small or large. The basins of Bohai Gulf, Received 4 March 2013 South China Sea, East China Sea, Japan Sea, Andaman Sea, Okhotsk Sea and Bering Sea have typical geometry Accepted 3 October 2013 of dextral pull-apart. The Java, Makassar, Celebes and Sulu Seas basins together with grabens in Borneo also com- Available online 16 October 2013 prise a local dextral, transform-margin type basin system similar to the central and southern parts of the Shanxi Basin in geometry. The overall configuration of the Philippine Sea resembles a typical sinistral transpressional Keywords: “pop-up” structure. These marginal basins except the Philippine Sea basin generally have similar (or compatible) Marginal basins of the NW Pacific Dextral pull-apart rift history in the Cenozoic, but there do be some differences in the rifting history between major basins or their Sinistral transpressional pop-up sub-basins due to local differences in tectonic settings. Rifting kinematics of each of these marginal basins can be Uplift of Tibetan Plateau explained by dextral pull-apart or transtension. -
The Makassar Strait Tsunamigenic Region, Indonesia
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226929573 The Makassar Strait Tsunamigenic Region, Indonesia Article in Natural Hazards · November 2001 DOI: 10.1023/A:1012297413280 CITATIONS READS 16 274 3 authors, including: Willem Pieter de Lange The University of Waikato 238 PUBLICATIONS 904 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Identification of active faults in the Hamilton Basin View project Impacts of coastal dredging View project All content following this page was uploaded by Willem Pieter de Lange on 29 May 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. 1 Case Study I: Tsunami Hazards in the Indian Ocean The eastern Indian Ocean basin is a region of high earthquake and volcanic activity, so it should come as no surprise that tsunamis pose a threat to the Indian Ocean basin. (For example, the 27 August 1883 eruptions of Krakatoa produced a series of tsunamis that killed over 36,000 people in Indonesia.) However, most federal governments and international regarded the overall tsunami threat in the Indian Ocean as minor – prior to the 26 December 2004 event. Today we discuss the roots of this complacency and explore how it might be avoided as a consequence of the Mission 2009 design. Required Readings Tsunami Information, a basic web site, produced by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, that provides background information on the phenomenon and, specifically, the 26 December 2004 event: http://www.bom.gov.au/info/tsunami/tsunami_info.shtml#physics Prasetya, G. -
Indonesian Marine Fisheries Development and Strategy Under Extended Maritime Jurisdiction
East-West Environment and Policy Institute Research Report No. 13 Indonesian Marine Fisheries Development and Strategy under Extended Maritime Jurisdiction by Salvatore Comitini Sutanto Hardjolukito East-West Center Honolulu, Hawaii THE EAST-WEST CENTER is an educational institution established in Hawaii in 1960 by the United States Congress. The Center's mandate is "to promote better relations and understanding among the nations of Asia, the Pacific, and the United States through cooperative study, training, and research." Each year more than 1,500 graduate students, scholars, professionals in business and government, and visiting specialists engage in research with the Center's interna• tional staff on major issues and problems facing the Asian and Pacific region. Since 1960, more than 30,000 men and women from the region have participated in the Center's cooperative programs. The Center's research and educational activities are conducted in five institutes- Communication, Culture Learning, Environment and Policy, Population, and Re• source Systems—and in its Pacific Islands Development Program, Open Grants, and Center-wide programs. Although principal funding continues to come from the U.S. Congress, more than 20 Asian and Pacific governments, as well as private agencies and corporations, have provided contributions for program support. The East-West Center is a public, nonprofit corporation with an international board of governors. THE EAST-WEST ENVIRONMENT AND POLICY INSTITUTE was established in October 1977 to increase understanding of the interrelationships among policies designed to meet a broad range of human and societal needs over time and the nat• ural systems and resources on which these policies depend or impact. -
Structural Description of Adang Fault, Makasar Strait, Indonesia
IPA15-G-157 PROCEEDINGS, IDONESIAN PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION Thirty-Ninth Annual Convention & Exhibition, May 2015 STRUCTURAL DESCRIPTION OF ADANG FAULT, MAKASSAR STRAIT, INDONESIA Hesekiel Bernando Nainggolan* RM Iman Argakoesoemah* Indra Wahyudi *,** Andry Hidayat*,*** Muhammad Fikry Shahab* ABSTRACT the Adang Fault along the northern flank of the Paternoster Platform in the southern end of North The, presence of Adang Fault is critical to the Makassar Basin, (Figure 1). The 3D seismic cube development of overall Neogene depositions in the available just to the east of the fault is also interpreted southern part of North Makassar Basin. It is believed to support the presence of the fault. Some relatively that the fault has been one of the key players to many small size of the fault splays are also interpreted to deepwater depositional sequences toward the north- have been developed as the results of the Adang northeast. Hence, some of the provenances of Fault activities in the region. deepwaters have been interpreted to be derived from Paternoster Platform where Adang Fault located at The quality of 2D seismic lines across the Adang the northern border separating the platform from the Fault is sparse and relatively poor. This has impacted basin to the northeast. to the difficulty of interpretation to be precise. Hence, the interpretation is heavily based on the In subsurface, Adang Fault is descriptively defined subsidiary fault splays to reconstruct the presence using seismic lines partially crossing Paternoster and movement of the primary fault. Platform. It is a fault zone showing a group of series of relatively smaller branching faults in a very There are not many published papers discussed the similar strike towards northwest-southeast but have Adang Fault in detail available. -
Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports Volume 22
16. STRATIGRAPHIC-SEISMIC SECTION CORRELATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS TO BENGAL FAN HISTORY David G. Moore, Naval Undersea Research and Development Center Joseph R. Curray, Russel W. Raitt, and Frans J. Emmel, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California ABSTRACT Two drilling sites were proposed in the Bay of Bengal (Sites 217 and 218) in areas of anomalously thin section as determined by earlier seismic work. Although possibilities for characterizing the sediments in the normal thick section of the Bengal Fan were precluded, these holes were, nevertheless, successful in determin- ing the ages of two unconformity-refracting horizons which had been traced throughout the entire bay. These horizons, which subdivide the sedimentary section into three units, probably mark times of both plate-edge and mid-plate deformation. The oldest sediments in the Bay of Bengal were deposited on new sea floor formed after rifting of India from Antarctica and Australia, probably as a Cretaceous and Paleocene passive continental rise up to 12 km thick. First collision of India with the subduction zone lying off the southern margin of Asia occurred at the end of the Paleocene, causing both uplift of ancestral mountains in the eastern Himalayan region and defor- mation and unconformity across the bay. The first phase of Bengal Fan deposition was from middle Eocene into uppermost Miocene. At this time important further tectonism occurred, causing uplift of the modern Himalayas, deformation of the sea floor, and changes in sedimentation in the bay. Subsequent deposits of the modern Bengal Fan are largely undeformed. INTRODUCTION unconformably on apparently older deformed fan and pelagic deposits, and these in turn unconformably overlay The international Indian Ocean expeditions of 1960 to still older deposits of unknown origin. -
General Circulation in the Malacca Strait and Andaman Sea: a Numerical Model Study
American Journal of Environmental Science, 2012, 8 (5), 479-488 ISSN: 1553-345X ©2012 Science Publication doi:10.3844/ajessp.2012.479.488 Published Online 8 (5) 2012 (http://www.thescipub.com/ajes.toc) General Circulation in the Malacca Strait and Andaman Sea: A Numerical Model Study 1Syamsul Rizal, 2Peter Damm, 1Mulyadi A. Wahid, 2Jurgen Sundermann, 1Yopi Ilhamsyah, 3Taufiq Iskandar and 1Muhammad 1Jurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Institut fur Meereskunde, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstr. 53, 20146 Hamburg, Germany 3Jurusan Matematika, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia Received 2012-05-10, Revised 2012-08-11; Accepted 2012-08-11 ABSTRACT In the Andaman Sea and Malacca Strait, as in other parts of the Indian Ocean, the seasonal change of the wind plays a most important role: the south-west (hereafter SW) is monsoon active from June through September and the north-east (hereafter NE) monsoon is active from December through February. During the NE monsoon the winds are directed from the north and northeast to the south-west, and during the SW monsoon from the south-west to the north-east. Strong winds between June and September lead to maximum rainfall over most parts of the Indian subcontinent. These areas are also greatly influenced by the tides. The circulation in the Andaman Sea and the Malacca Strait is simulated with a three-dimensional baroclinic primitive equation model. In order to run the model, the HAMSOM model is used. The model is forced by tides at the open boundaries as well as by wind and heat flux.