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The Spider Crabs of America

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The Spider Crabs of America « SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bulletin 129 THE SPIDER CRABS OF AMERICA BY MARY J. RATHBUN Associate in Zoologyy United Stales National Museum WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1925 ADVERTISEMENT The scientific publications of the United States National Museum consist of two series, the Proceedings and the Bulletins. The Proceedings, the first volume of which was issued in 1878, are intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original, and usualty brief, papers based on the collections of the National Museum, presenting newly acquired facts in zoology, geology, and anthropology, including descriptions of new forms of animals and revisions of limited groups. One or two volumes are completed annually and copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed, as soon as published, to libraries and scientific organizations, and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. The date of publication is recorded in the table of contents of the volume. The Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, consist of a series of separate publications comprising chiefly monographs of large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occa- sionally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, and catalogues of type-specimens, special collections, etc. The majority of the volumes are octavos, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. Since 1902 a series of octavo volumes containing papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum, and known as the Con- tributions from the National Herbarium, has been published as bulletins. The present work forms No. 129 of the Bulletin series. WILLIAM DEC. RAVENEL, Administrative Assistant to the Secretary, In Charge of the United States National Museum. WASHINGTON, D. C„ April 15, 1925. IT TABLE OF CONTEXTS Page Introduction 1 Explanation of measurements and abbreviations used 1 The spider crabs or Oxvrhyncha of America 5 Analogous species on opposite sides of the continent 7 Species on both sides of the continent S Systematic discussion 9 Keys to subtribes, superfamilies, families, and subfamilies 9 Superfamily Oxyrhyncha 10 Family Majidae 10 Subfamily Inachinae 11 Genus Stenorynchus 13 Stenorvnchus seticornis 13 debilis IS Genus Metoporhaphis 19 Metoporhaphis calcarata 21 Genus Anomalothir 23 Anomalothir furcillatus 24 frontalis 25 Genus Achaeopsis 21 Achaeopsis thomsoni 29 Genus Podocbela 31 Podochela riisei 33 sidneyi 39 algicola 41 vestita 42 margaritaria 43 macrodera 44 grossipes 45 gracilipes 47 hemphillii 49 curvirostris 50 lamelligera 52 barbarensis 54 latimanus 56 lobifrons 57 Genus Inachoides 59 Inachoides microrhynchus 60 laevis 61 Genus Anasimus 64 Anasimus fugax 64 latus 6f> Genus Erileptus 6S Erileptus spinosus 68 Genus Oregonia 70 Oregonia gracilis 71 bifurca 79 in IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Supcrfamily Oxyrhyncha—Continued. Family Majidae—Continued. Subfamily Iuachinae—Continued. Page Genus Eurypodius SO Eurypodius latreillii _ SO longirostris _ . 83 Genus Eucinetops S4 Eucinetops lueasii 85 rubellula 86 panamensis 87 blakian.i S8 Genus Arachnopsis 89 Arachnopsis filipes S9 Genus Aepinus 92 Aepinus septemspinosus 92 Genus Euprognatha 95 Euprognatha l'astcllifera 96 rastellifera martliac 96 rastellifera acuta 90 gracilipes 101 bifida 103 granulata 104 Genus Collodes 105 Collodes granosus 106 trispinosus 107 * obesus 109 nudus 110 rostratus 110 tenuirostris 113 robustus 114 leptocheles 117 inermis 119 levis 120 tumidus 121 armatus 122 Genus Batrachonotus 122 Batrachonotus fragosus 123 nicholfii 127 Genus Pyromaia 127 Pvromaia cuspidata 129 arachna 131 tuberculata 133 Genus Dasygyius 137 Dasygyius gibbosus 138 depressus 138 Subfamily Acantlionychinae 140 Genus Acanthonyx 141 Acanthonyx petivcrii 142 Genus Epialtus 144 Epialtus bituberculatus __ 148 brasiliensis . 149 sulcirostris 150 longirostris 151 longirostris forma portoricensis 151 V TABLE OF CONTENTS Superfamily Oxyrhyncha—Continued. Family Majidae—Continued. Subfamily Acanthonychinac—Continued. Genus Epialtus—Continued. Tape Epialtus kingslevi - 152 dilatatus - 153 dilatatus forma elongata 154 minimus 155 liiltoni 150 peruvianus 157 crcnulatus 15S Genus Mocosoa - - 15S Mocosoa crcbripunctata - - 159 Genus Eupleurodon - 160 Eupleurodon trifurcatus - 160 peruvianus 161 Genus Taliepus 162 Taliepus nuttallii 162 marginatus - 164 dentatus 165 Genus Pugettia 167 Pugettia producta . 167 gracilis 172 richii 176 dalli 17S venetiac ISO Genus Mimulus 1S2 Mimulus foliatus 1S2 Genus Leucippa 184 Leucippa pentagona 184 Genus Sphenocarcinus 1 So Sphenocarcinus corrosus 1S7 agassizi 1SS Genus Menaethiops 189 Menaethiops portoricensis 190 Genus Esopus 191 Esopus crassus - - 192 Subfamily Pisinae 193 Genus Scyra 195 Scyra acutifrons 195 Genus Loxorhynchus - 19S Loxorhynchus grandis 19S crispatus 200 Genus Chorilia 202 Chorilia longipes 203 longipes turgida — — — 203 Genus Rochinia 204 Rochinia crassa - — 210 hystrix -. - — - 214 tanneri — 216 cornuta -- 217 gracilipes 21S occidentalis 220 vesicularis --.- - 221 umbonata - — - 222 VI TABLE OF CONTENTS Superfamily Oxyrhyncha—Continued. Family Majidae—Continued. Subfamily Pisinae—Continued. Page Genus Libidoclaea 223 , Libidoclaea granaria 224 smithii 226 Genus Oplopisa 228 Oplopisa spinipes 228 Genus Trachvmaia 229 Traehj'inaia eornuta 229 Genus Leurocyelus 230 Leurocyclus tubereulosus 230 gracilipes 231 Genus Chionoecetes 232 Chionoecetes opilio 233 opilio elongatus 233 bairdi 235 tanneri 243 angulatus 247 Genus Hyas 252 Hvas araneus 253 eoarctatus 258 eoarctatus alutaceus 258 coarctatus ursinus 258 lvratus 270 Genus Pelia 275 Pelia mutiea 278 rotunda 279 tumida 281 pacifiea 283 pulehella 284 Genus Pisoides 284 Pisoides edwardsii 285 Genus Notolopas 287 Notolopas lamellatus 287 brasiliensis 288 Genus Nibilia 289 Nibilia antilocapra 290 Genus Lepteces 292 Lepteces ornatus 292 Genus Herbstia 293 Herbstia eamptacantha 294 parvifrons 296 depressa 298 tumida 299 edwardsii 300 pyriformis 301 pubescens 302 Genus Micropisa 303 Mieropisa violacea 303 Genus Chorinus 304 Chorinus heros 305 Genus Holoplites.. 307 Holoplites armata 307 TABLE OF CONTEXTS VII Superfamily Oxyrhyncha—Continued. Family Majidae—Continued. Subfamily Pisinae—Continued. Page Genus Chorilibinia 309 Chorilibinia angusta 309 Genus Libinia 310 Libinia emarginata 311 dubia 313 erinacea 321 rhomboidea 323 ferreirae 324 spinosa 325 setosa 327 mexicana 328 rostrata 329 Genus Lissa 331 Lissa bicarinata 332 aurivilliusi 333 tuberosa 333 brasiliensis 335 Subfamily Majinae 335 Genus Maiopsis 337 Maiopsis panamensis 338 Genus Paramithrax 338 Paramithrax backstromi 339 Genus Temnonotus 340 Temnonotus granulosus 341 simplex 342 Genus Thersandrus 343 Thersandrus compressus 343 Genus Hemus 345 Hemus cristulipes 345 analogus 347 Genus Thoe 347 Thoe puella 348 sulcata 349 panamensis 351 erosa 351 aspera 352 Genus Picroeeroides 353 Picroceroides tubularis 354 Genus Pitho 355 Pitho aculeata 357 picteti 359 quinquedentata 361 lherminieri 362 mirabilis 366 sexdentata 367 anisodon 368 quadridentata 369 laevigata 372 dispar 374 Genus Leptopisa 375 Leptopisa setirostris 375 XIV TABLE OF CONTENTS Superfamily O.xyrhyncha—Continued. Family Majidae—Continued. Subfamily Majinae—Continued. Page Genus Anaptychus 377 Anaptychus cornutus 378 Genus Mithrax 379 Subgenus Mithrax 383 Mithrax spinosissimus 383 rostratus 386 cornutus 386 acuticornis 388 spinipes 391 holderi 392 bahamensis 393 pilosus 394 hemphilli 395 orcutti 397 armatus 399 verrucosus 400 bellii 403 braziliensis 404 pygmaeus 406 hispidus 406 caribbaeus 409 pleuracanthus 411 tortugae 417 tuberculatus 418 sinensis 419 laevimanus 419 (?) leucomelas 421 sp. indet 421 Subgenus Mithraculus 421 Mithrax sculptus 422 coryphe 426 denticulatus 428 nodosus 429 forceps 1 431 ruber 432 areolatus 433 cinctimanus 438 Genus Teleophrys 440 Teleophrys cristulipes 441 tumidus 442 pococki 443 ornatus 444 Genus Coelocerus 446 Coelocerus spinosus 446 Genus Stenocionops 44S Stenocionops furcata 449 furcata coelata 450 contigua 451 spinosissima 455 spinimana 457 ovata 459 macdonaldi 460 triangulata 461 TABLE OF CONTEXTS IX Superfamily Oxyrhyncha—Continued. Family Majidae—Continued. Subfamily Majinae—Continued. Page Genus Macrocoeloma 4G3 Macrocoeloma trispinosum 466 trispinosum, variety 468 trispinosum nodipes 468 camptocerum 469 heptacanthum 473 septemspinosum 477 diplacanthum 478 subparallelum 480 villosum 482 laevigatum 483 eutheca 484 intermedium 486 concavum 487 Genus Microphrys 488 Microphrys bicornutus 489 weddelli 496 platysoma 497 antillensis 498 aculeatus 500 branchialis 502 interruptus 504 triangularis 505 Genus Tyche 507 Tvehe lamellifrons 508 emarginata 508 Family Parthenopidae 510 Subfamily Parthenopinae 510 Genus Parthenope 511 Subgenus Parthenope 513 Parthenope agonus 513 hyponca 514 Subgenus Platylambrus 516 Parthenope serrata 516 pourtalesii 521 exilipes 523 depressiuscuhi 524 guerini 525 fraterculus 525 Subgenus Pseudolambrus 528 Parthenope triangula 52S excavata 529 Genus Tutankhamen 530 Tutankhamen cristatipes 530 Genus Thyrolambrus 531 Thyrolambrus astroides 532 erosus 533 5487—25t 2 X TABLE OF CONTENTS Superfamily Oxyrhyncha—Continued. Family Parthenopidae—Continued. Subfamily Parthenopinae—Continued. Page Genus Solenolambrus 534 Solenolambrus typicus 537 arcuatus — 538 portoricensis 539 decemspinosus 540 tenellus 541 Genus Leiolambrus 543 Leiolambrus punctatissimus 543 nitidus 545 Genus Mesorhoea 546 Mesorhoea sexspinosa 547 bellii 548 Genus Aethra 550
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