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The Jurassic Fossil Wood Diversity from Western Liaoning, NE China
Jiang et al. Journal of Palaeogeography (2019) 8:1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42501-018-0018-y Journal of Palaeogeography RESEARCH Open Access The Jurassic fossil wood diversity from western Liaoning, NE China Zi-Kun Jiang1,2, Yong-Dong Wang2,3*, Ning Tian4,5, Ao-Wei Xie2,6, Wu Zhang7, Li-Qin Li2 and Min Huang1 Abstract Western Liaoning is a unique region in China that bears diverse types of Jurassic plants, including leaves, fern rhizomes, and wood, providing significant proxy for vegetation and palaeoenvironment reconstruction of the well-known Yanliao Flora in East Asia. In particular, the silicified wood is very abundant in the fossil Lagerstätte of the Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation in Beipiao, western Liaoning. Previous and recent systematic investigations documented a high diversity of the Jurassic wood assemblages. These assemblages are dominated by conifers, followed by cycads and ginkgoaleans. In total, about 30 species belonging to 21 genera of fossil wood have been recorded so far, which are represented by Cycadopsida, Ginkgopsida, Coniferopsida, and Gymnospermae incertae sedis. The evolutionary implications of several distinctive fossil wood taxa as well as palaeoclimate implications are summarized based on their anatomical structures and growth ring patterns. This work approaches the vegetation development and evolutionary significances of the wood taxa and their relatives, and provides clues for the further understanding of the diversity of the Jurassic Yanliao Flora in East Asia. Keywords: Fossil wood, Diversity, Evolution, Tiaojishan Formation, Jurassic 1 Introduction 2004;Wangetal.,2009). Among these localities, western Fossil floras are a significant record for the vegetation Liaoning is a well-known fossil Lagerstätte with diverse and for the palaeoenvironment reconstructions of the and well-preserved fossil plant foliages and wood (Zhang Mesozoic. -
The Geology, Paleontology and Paleoecology of the Cerro Fortaleza Formation
The Geology, Paleontology and Paleoecology of the Cerro Fortaleza Formation, Patagonia (Argentina) A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Victoria Margaret Egerton in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy November 2011 © Copyright 2011 Victoria M. Egerton. All Rights Reserved. ii Dedications To my mother and father iii Acknowledgments The knowledge, guidance and commitment of a great number of people have led to my success while at Drexel University. I would first like to thank Drexel University and the College of Arts and Sciences for providing world-class facilities while I pursued my PhD. I would also like to thank the Department of Biology for its support and dedication. I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Kenneth Lacovara, for his guidance and patience. Additionally, I would like to thank him for including me in his pursuit of knowledge of Argentine dinosaurs and their environments. I am also indebted to my committee members, Dr. Gail Hearn, Dr. Jake Russell, Dr. Mike O‘Connor, Dr. Matthew Lamanna, Dr. Christopher Williams and Professor Hermann Pfefferkorn for their valuable comments and time. The support of Argentine scientists has been essential for allowing me to pursue my research. I am thankful that I had the opportunity to work with such kind and knowledgeable people. I would like to thank Dr. Fernando Novas (Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales) for helping me obtain specimens that allowed this research to happen. I would also like to thank Dr. Viviana Barreda (Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales) for her allowing me use of her lab space while I was visiting Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. -
Gimnospermas Permineralizadas Do Permiano Da Bacia Do Paranaíba (Formação Motuca), Nordeste Do Brasil
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOCIÊNCIAS GIMNOSPERMAS PERMINERALIZADAS DO PERMIANO DA BACIA DO PARANAÍBA (FORMAÇÃO MOTUCA), NORDESTE DO BRASIL FRANCINE KURZAWE ORIENTADOR – Prof. Dr. Roberto Iannuzzi CO-ORIENTADORA – Profa. Dra. Sheila Merlotti Volume I Porto Alegre – 2012 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOCIÊNCIAS GIMNOSPERMAS PERMINERALIZADAS DO PERMIANO DA BACIA DO PARANAÍBA (FORMAÇÃO MOTUCA), NORDESTE DO BRASIL FRANCINE KURZAWE ORIENTADOR – Prof. Dr. Roberto Iannuzzi CO-ORIENTADORA – Profa. Dra. Sheila Merlotti BANCA EXAMINADORA Profa. Dra. Alexandra Crisafulli - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura UNNE y Centro de Ecologia Aplicada del Litoral CONICET, Argentina Profa. Dra. Rosemarie Rohn – Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Rio Claro Profa. Dra. Tânia Lindner Dutra – Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Departamento de Geologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos Tese de doutorado apresentada como requisito parcial para a obtenção do Título de Doutor em Ciências Porto Alegre - 2012 Dedico esta tese aos meus pais, Rose e Herbert, que sempre me apoiaram em meus estudos, desde antes do tempo da graduação. Agradecimentos Ao meu orientador Roberto Iannuzzi que possibilitou os recursos necessários para a realização desta tese, tanto os físicos, como o microscópio, como os conhecimentos passados. À minha querida co-orientadora e amiga, Dra. Sheila Merlotti, que foi quem me iniciou nos caminhos da paleobotânica e sempre esteve do meu lado. À Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, que proporcionou o espaço físico utilizado e também o corpo docente qualificado, extremamente necessário para a busca de conhecimentos. -
X Congreso Argentino De Paleontología Y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano De Paleontología La Plata, Argentina - Septiembre De 2010
X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología La Plata, Argentina - Septiembre de 2010 Financian Auspician 1 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología La Plata, Argentina - Septiembre de 2010 2 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología La Plata, Argentina - Septiembre de 2010 3 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología La Plata, Argentina - Septiembre de 2010 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía y VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología Resúmenes/coordinado por Sara Ballent ; Analia Artabe ; Franco Tortello. 1a ed. - La Plata: Museo de la Plata; Museo de la Plata, 2010. 238 p. + CD-ROM; 28x20 cm. ISBN 978-987-95849-7-2 1. Paleontología. 2. Bioestratigrafía. I. Ballent, Sara , coord. II. Artabe, Analia, coord. III. Tortello, Franco, coord. CDD 560 Fecha de catalogación: 27/08/2010 4 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología La Plata, Argentina - Septiembre de 2010 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología Declarado de Interés Municipal, La Plata (Decreto N° 1158) 5 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología La Plata, Argentina - Septiembre de 2010 6 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología La Plata, Argentina - Septiembre de 2010 X Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología Prólogo Una vez más el Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía y el Congreso Latino- americano de Paleontología se realizan de manera conjunta. -
Xxvi Jornadas...Qxd
AMEGHINIANA Revista de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina RESÚMENES TOMO 46 Número 4 BUENOS AIRES REPÚBLICA ARGENTINA 2009 Se deja constancia que el presente suplemento se halla desprovisto de validez para propósitos nomenclaturales Disclaimer: this supplement is not deemed to be valid for nomenclatural purposes El Comité Editor de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina deja constancia que solamente se incluyen en este Suplemento los resúmenes enviados por los organizadores de las diferentes reuniones. AMEGHINIANA 46 (4) Suplemento, 2009-RESÚMENES XXIV JORNADAS ARGENTINAS DE PALEONTOLOGÍA DE VERTEBRADOS RESÚMENES 4 al 7 de mayo de 2009 Museo de Historia Natural de San Rafael (MHNSR), San Rafael, Mendoza COMISIÓN ORGANIZADORA Presidente Marcelo S. de la Fuente (MHNSR) Secretarias Analía Forasiepi (MHNSR) Juliana Sterli (MHNSR) Vocales Miriam Ayala (MHNSR) René Biglione (DGE-Mendoza) Sergio Dieguez (CNEA) Gladys García (Universidad Champagnat) Miguel Giardina (MHNSR) Adolfo Gil (MHNSR) Gustavo Neme (MHNSR) Clara Otaola (MHNSR) Nuria Sugrañes (MHNSR) Financiado por ANPCyT, CONICET y Fondo Provincial de la Cultura de la Pcia. de Mendoza. Auspiciado por Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, Museo de Historia Natural de San Rafael y Municipalidad de San Rafael (Mendoza). AMEGHINIANA 46 (4) Sumplemento, 2009-RESÚMENES 4R CONFERENCIAS Origen de la ictiofauna marina y continental de América del Sur Austral A.L. CIONE1 La ictiofauna neotropical continental es la más rica en especies del mundo. Su mayor riqueza se localiza en las áreas intertropi- cales, un paralelo de lo que sucede con otros organismos. Se calcula que pueden existir 8.000 especies de peces continentales, un cuarto de la totalidad de los conocidos en todo el mundo en ambiente marino o continental. -
Coniferous Wood of Agathoxylon from the La Matilde Formation, (Middle Jurassic), Santa Cruz, Argentina
Journal of Paleontology, page 1 of 22 Copyright © 2018, The Paleontological Society 0022-3360/15/0088-0906 doi: 10.1017/jpa.2017.145 Coniferous wood of Agathoxylon from the La Matilde Formation, (Middle Jurassic), Santa Cruz, Argentina Adriana C. Kloster,1 and Silvia C. Gnaedinger2 1Área de Paleontología, Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CECOAL-CCT CONICET Nordeste-UNNE). 〈[email protected]〉 2Área de Paleontología, Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CECOAL-CCT CONICET Nordeste-UNNE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (FaCENA-UNNE). Casilla de Correo 291, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina, 〈[email protected]〉 Abstract.—In this contribution, four species of Agathoxylon are described from the La Matilde Formation, Gran Bajo de San Julián and central and south-western sectors of Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Agathoxylon agathioides (Kräusel and Jain) n. comb., Agathoxylon santalense (Sah and Jain) n. comb., Agathoxylon termieri (Attims) Gnaedinger and Herbst, and the new species Agathoxylon santacruzense n. sp. are described based on a detailed description of the secondary xylem. In this work, it was possible to construct scatter plots to elucidate the anatomical differences between the fossil species described on quantitative anatomical data. Comparisons are made with other Agathoxylon species from Gondwana. These parameters can be used to discriminate genera and species of wood found in the same formation, as well as to establish differences/similarities between other taxa described in other formations. Some localities contain innumerable “in situ” petrified trees, which allowed us to infer that these taxa formed small forests, or local forests, or small forests within a dense forest, which is a habitat coincident with the extant Araucariaceae. -
Challenges in Indian Palaeobiology
Challenges in Indian Palaeobiology Current Status, Recent Developments and Future Directions © BIRBAL SAHNI INSTITUTE OF PALAEOBOTANY, LUCKNOW 226 007, (U.P.), INDIA Published by The Director Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany Lucknow 226 007 INDIA Phone : +91-522-2740008/2740011/ 2740399/2740413 Fax : +91-522-2740098/2740485 E-mail : [email protected] [email protected] Website : http://www.bsip.res.in ISBN No : 81-86382-03-8 Proof Reader : R.L. Mehra Typeset : Syed Rashid Ali & Madhavendra Singh Produced by : Publication Unit Printed at : Dream Sketch, 29 Brahma Nagar, Sitapur Road, Lucknow November 2005 Patrons Prof. V. S. Ramamurthy Secretary, Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India Dr. Harsh K. Gupta Formerly Secretary, Department of Ocean Development, Govt. of India Prof. J. S. Singh Chairman, Governing Body, BSIP Prof. G. K. Srivastava Chairman, Research Advisory Committee, BSIP National Steering Committee Dr. N. C. Mehrotra, Director, BSIP - Chairman Prof. R.P. Singh, Vice Chancellor, Lucknow University - Member Prof. Ashok Sahni, Geology Department, Panjab University - Member Prof. M.P. Singh, Geology Department, Lucknow University - Member Dr. M. Sanjappa, Director, Botanical Survey of India - Member Dr. D. K. Pandey, Director (Exlporation), ONGC, New Delhi - Member Dr. P. Pushpangadan, Director, NBRI - Member Prof. S.K. Tandon, Geology Department, Delhi University - Member Dr. Arun Nigvekar, Former Chairman, UGC - Member Dr. K.P.N. Pandiyan, Joint Secretary & Financial Adv., DST - Member Local Organizing Committee Dr. N. C. Mehrotra, Director - Chairman Dr. Jayasri Banerji, Scientist ‘F’ - Convener Dr. A. K. Srivastava, Scientist ‘F’ - Member Dr. Ramesh K. Saxena, Scientist ‘F’ - Member Dr. Archana Tripathi, Scientist ‘F’ - Member Dr. -
New Gymnosperm Wood Fossils, a Seed-Ovule
Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, 21(1):47–62, Janeiro/Abril 2018 A Journal of the Brazilian Society of Paleontology doi:10.4072/rbp.2018.1.03 NEW GYMNOSPERM WOOD FOSSILS, A SEED-OVULE STRUCTURE, AND A NEW GENERIC AFFINITY TO CEDROXYLON CANOASENSE RAU FROM THE PERMIAN AND TRIASSIC–JURASSIC OF SOUTHERN BRAZIL ALEXANDRA CRISAFULLI Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste y CECOAL-CONICET Ruta 5, km 2,5 - 3400, Corrientes, Argentina. [email protected] †RAFAEL HERBST Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica-CONICET, Las Piedras 201 7º/B - 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. TANIA LINDNER DUTRA Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, Av. Unisinos 950, 93022-000, Brazil. [email protected] ABSTRACT – Two new species of gymnosperm wood from the Triassic–Jurassic of Brazil are here described [Lobatoxylon kaokense Kräusel and Chapmanoxylon jamuriense (Maheswari) Pant & Singh], and a new age and generic anity are proposed forCedroxylon canoasense Rau. To the latter, originally considered as Triassic, an early Permian age is proposed based on its lithological relationships and the location of its discovery. Additionally, a seed-ovule structure linked to Kaokoxylon zalesskyi (Sahni) Maheswari wood materials, is illustrated and analyzed. All materials were identiied in the sedimentary rocks exposed ni the central E-W belt (Central Depression) of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, South Brazil, where is exposed the Gondwana Sequence of Paraná Basin. The new wood taxa here described increase the number of known genera in the Triassic–Jurassic of southern Brazil. Nevertheless, the arboreal vegetation of gymnosperms remains impoverished when compared with that present in the Permian deposits. -
In-Situ Late Triassic Fossil Conifer Woods from the Fluvial Channel Deposits of the Soturno River (Caturrita Formation, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil)
9(1):37-46, jan/jun 2016 Unisinos - doi: 10.4013/gaea.2016.91.03 In-situ Late Triassic fossil conifer woods from the fluvial channel deposits of the Soturno River (Caturrita Formation, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Alexandra Crisafulli Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste y CECOAL-CONICET. Ruta Provincial 5, km 2,5 – 3400, Corrientes, Argentina. [email protected] Rafael Herbst Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica-CONICET. Las Piedras 201 7º/B, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. [email protected] Tânia Lindner Dutra Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia. Av. Unisinos, 950, Cristo Rei, 93022-750, São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil. [email protected] ABSTRACT Three new fossil gymnosperm woods are described from a new outcrop exposed on the margins of the Soturno River, State of Rio Grande do Sul, eastward located in relation to other well-known petrified forests from São Pedro do Sul and Mata, in South Brazil. The interest of their study lays on the in situ condition of the woods and its inclusion in the fluvial deposits of the Caturrita Formation, at Faxinal do Soturno County, from where such kind of fossil material were known only recently. The analysis allows to assign it to the conifers Agathoxylon africanum (Bamford) Kurzawe and Merlotti, Megaporoxylon kaokense Kräusel and Chapmanoxylon sp. cf. C. jamuriense Pant and Singh. Previously known mainly from Permian localities of Gondwana (Namibia, India and South America), and with few Triassic representatives, the field relations and stratigraphic context suggest a Late Triassic age and a life around low sinuosity river systems under the influence of climatic seasonal dry conditions. -
Pérmico Superior) De Paraguay
8(2):67-81, jul/dez 2012 © Copyright 2012 by Unisinos - doi: 10.4013/gaea.2012.82.04 Guavirá, una nueva localidad con maderas fósiles de la Formación Tacuary (Pérmico Superior) de Paraguay Valeria Leiva Verón, Alexandra Crisafulli Centro de Ecología Aplicada (CECOAL- CONICET y Universidad Nacional del Nordeste). Ruta 5 km 2.5, Corrientes, Argentina. [email protected], [email protected] Rafael Herbst Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica (INSUGEO- CONICET). Las Piedras 201, 7º/B, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. [email protected] Víctor Filippi, Sonia Molina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Asunción (FACEN-UNA). Ruta Mariscal Estigarribia, km 11, San Lorenzo, Paraguay. [email protected] RESUMEN Se describen maderas silicifi cadas provenientes de Guavirá, una nueva localidad de la Formación Tacuary, del Pérmico Superior de Paraguay. Los taxones identifi cados incluyen: Coniferales Agathoxylon semibiseriatum (Pant & Singh) Leiva Verón & Crisafulli comb. nov. y Kaokoxylon riocla- rense ex Mussa, in Crisafulli & Leiva Verón (este trabajo); Polysolenoxylon whitei (Maniero) Kräusel & Dolianiti, Chapmanoxylon jamuriense Pant & Singh, y Baieroxylon cicatricum, Prasad & Lele, que se asocia generalmente a las Ginkgoales. El hallazgo de esta nueva asociación tiene interés paleoambiental y paleogeográfi co ya que permite asociar por primera vez a la Formación Tacuary con otras de las secuencias gondwánicas coetáneas de Sud América portadoras de maderas con médulas solenoide, y realizar así comparaciones más precisas. Palabras clave: anatomía, maderas, Pérmico Superior, Formación Tacuary, Paraguay. ABSTRACT GUAVIRÁ, A NEW LOCALITY WITH FOSSIL WOODS FROM THE UPPER PERMIAN TACUARY FORMATION OF PARAGUAY. The article describes gymnospermous fossil woods from Guavirá, a new locality exposing rocks from the Upper Permian Tacuary Formation in Paraguay. -
TRIASSIC WOOD from the GORDON VALLEY, CENTRAL TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS, ANTARCTICA By
IAWA Journal, Vol. 16 (2),1995: 111-126 TRIASSIC WOOD FROM THE GORDON VALLEY, CENTRAL TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS, ANTARCTICA by Georgina M. Dei Fueyol, Edith L. Taylor2, Thomas N. Taylor2 & N. Ruben Cuneo3 SUMMARY Wood from an in situ permineralized forest from the Middle Triassic of Gordon Valley (Queen Alexandra Range, central Transantarctic Moun tains) in Antarctica is described as a new taxon, Approximately 100 trunks in growth position are present at the site; they range from 13-61 cm in diameter and suggest that some of the trees were up to 20 m tall, Pits in the radial walls of the tracheids are of the abietinean type, Rays are uniseriate and 1-9 cells high; cross fields include one to two pits that appear to be simple, Axial parenchyma is absent. Pith and cortex are not preserved. The Antarctic wood is compared with existing fossil wood types from Antarctica and other parts of Gondwana. Although the fossil wood shares a number of characteristics with the Podocarpaceae, it differs from any existing genera and is described as a new taxon, JejJersonioxylon gordonense. Key words: Petrified forest, anatomy, Triassic, Antarctica, Podocarpaceae, wood, gymnosperms. INTRODUCTION Petrified gymnosperm woods from the southern hemisphere are common in strata rang ing from the late Paleozoic to the Tertiary. Numerous taxa have been described from Triassic rocks in all parts of Gondwana, inc1uding India (e.g., Sahni 1931), South Africa (e.g., Kräusel 1949; Giraud & Hankel 1986), Argentina (e.g., Bonetti 1966), New Caledonia (e. g, Lanteaume 1950; Salard 1968), Madagascar (e. g., Loubiere 1938), Australia (e.g., Shirley 1898; Burges 1935), and New Zealand (Stopes 1916). -
Coniferales, Taxales, and Ginkgoales) from the Upper Permian Tacuary Formation, Eastern Paraguay
Palaeobio Palaeoenv (2009) 89:95–109 DOI 10.1007/s12549-009-0005-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Gymnospermous woods (Coniferales, Taxales, and Ginkgoales) from the Upper Permian Tacuary Formation, Eastern Paraguay Alexandra Crisafulli & Rafael Herbst Received: 12 March 2009 /Revised: 20 May 2009 /Accepted: 20 May 2009 /Published online: 29 July 2009 # Senckenberg, Gesellschaft für Naturforschung and Springer 2009 Abstract Six gymnosperm woods from the Upper woods show well-marked growth rings which reflect Permian Tacuary Formation from Eastern Paraguay are favorable climatic conditions. An analysis of the anatom- described. Protophyllocladoxylon dolianitii Mussa, has ical characters shows evolutionary intermediate stages been recorded in the Lower Permian Rio Bonito Forma- between the more primitive (araucarioid) Paleozoic and tion from Brazil and the Mount Glossopteris Formation of the more advanced (mixed to abietoid) Mesozoic wood Antarctica; Podocarpoxylon paralatifolium Vozenin-Serra taxa. Except for the numerous species of Podocarpoxylon, and Grant Mackie is similar to this species from the Lower Protophyllocladoxylon, Prototaxoxylon and Baieroxylon Triassic Arawi Formation of New Zealand and the Upper which have more extended biochrons, Australoxylon and Triassic Laguna Colorada Formation (El Tranquilo Group) Bageopitys are exclusive Upper Paleozoic (Permian) taxa. from Santa Cruz province (Argentina); Austaloxylon teixeirae Marguerier has been recorded from the Raniganj Keywords Gymnosperms . Anatomy. Upper Permian . Formation (India), the Karroo System (Mozambique), and Paraguay the Yaguary Formation (Uruguay) all of Upper Permian age; Bageopitys herbstii Crisafulli, from the Yaguarí Formation of Uruguay; and Prototaxoxylon brasilianum Introduction KräuselandDolianiti,awoodassignedtotheTaxales,has been recorded in the Upper Permian Estrada Nova Fossil plants from the Permian of the Paraná Basin in Formation of Brazil.