Technical Report: Delineation And

European Union Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+): Results 2 and 3

ENI/2016/372-403

TECHNICAL REPORT: DELINEATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SURFACE WATER BODIES AND DESIGN OF A SURFACE MONITORING NETWORK FOR THE KURA UPSTREAM OF THE MINGACHEVIR DAM RIVER BASIN DISTRICT IN AZERBAIJAN

Final Version. EUWI-EAST-AZ-05; December 2019

Responsible EU member state consortium project leader

Alexander Zinke, Umweltbundesamt GmbH (AT) EUWI+ country representative in Azerbaijan

Rafig Verdiyev (AZ) Responsible international thematic lead expert

Alexander Zinke, Umweltbundesamt GmbH (AT) Georg Wolfram, independent consultant, DWS (AT) Responsible Azerbaijani thematic lead expert

Vafadar Ismaylov (AZ) Authors

Vafadar Ismaylov, Period LLC Ramil Ibrahimov, Period LLC

Disclaimer: The EU-funded program European Union Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+ 4 EaP) is implemented by the UNECE, OECD, responsible for the implementation of Result 1 and an EU member state consortium of Austria, managed by the lead coordinator Umweltbundesamt, and of France, managed by the International Office for Water, responsible for the implementation of Result 2 and 3. This document was produced by the EU member state consortium with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union or the Governments of the Eastern Partnership Countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of, or sovereignty over, any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries, and to the name of any territory, city or area.

Imprint

Owner and Editor: EU Member State Consortium Umweltbundesamt GmbH Office International de’l Eau (IOW) Spittelauer Lände 5 21/23 rue de Madrid 1090 Vienna, Austria 75008 Paris, FRANCE

Responsible IOW Communication officer: Yunona Videnina [email protected]

December 2019

Technical Report on SW Delineation - Azerbaijan

CONTENTS

1 Executive summary ...... 6 2 Introduction ...... 7 3 Description of the main river catchments ...... 8 3.1 Overview ...... 8 3.2 Climate ...... 10 3.2.1 Sub-basin Central Kura (including Gabirri) ...... 10 3.2.2 Sub-basin Ganikh / Alazan river ...... 10 3.3 Human activities and water uses ...... 11 3.3.1 Population density ...... 11 3.3.2 Agriculture ...... 11 3.3.3 Industry and mining ...... 11 3.3.4 Hydropower generation ...... 12 4 Methodology ...... 14 5 Typology ...... 16 6 Significant human pressures ...... 19 7 Delineation of surface water bodies ...... 23 7.1 Overview ...... 23 7.2 Provisional heavily modified water bodies ...... 24 7.3 Artificial water bodies ...... 26 7.4 List of surface water bodies in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 28 8 Risk assessment ...... 31 9 Current monitoring situation ...... 34 10 Open issues and data gaps ...... 36 11 Bibliography ...... 37 12 Annexes ...... 38

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List of Tables Table 1. System A: Rivers and Lakes ...... 15 Table 2. Typology of rivers following System A (including additional criteria) and number of surface water bodies per type in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 16 Table 3. Typology of lake water bodies in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD...... 18 Table 4. Level of significance of anthropogenic pressures on surface water in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD. Numbers of pressures see text...... 19 Table 5. Number and total length of river water bodies of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 23 Table 6. Number and total area of lake water bodies in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 23 Table 7. SWB and typology in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD...... 28 Table 8. Risk assessment of the surface water bodies in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD. 1 = not at risk (N), 2 = possibly at risk (PR), 3 = at risk (R)...... 31

List of Figures Figure 1. Map of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir Dam RBD...... 9 Figure 2. Map of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir Dam RBD...... 9 Figure 3. River types of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 17 Figure 4. Settlements in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 21 Figure 5. Population density in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 22 Figure 6. Lakes and provisional HMWB in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 25 Figure 7. AWBs In the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD ...... 27 Figure 8. Sampling sites in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD during the joint field survey (JFS) ...... 35

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Abbreviations BMO Basin Management Organization CEPA Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement CORINE Coordination of Information on the Environment DG NEAR Directorate-General for Neighborhood and Enlargement Negotiations DSS Decision Support System DWB Delineation of Water Body EC European Commission EEA European Environment Agency ENI European Neighborhood Instrument ENP European Neighborhood Policy EU European Union EUR Euro EUWI European Union Water Initiative GIS Geographic Information Systems GWB Groundwater Body GWL Groundwater level IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management LTD Limited Company N Natural NGO Non-Governmental Organization PR Possible at risk R Risk RBD River Basin District RBMP River Basin Management Plan SEIS Shared Environment Information System SWB Surface water Body SWB Surface Water Body USSR Union of the Soviet Socialistic Republics WB Water Body WBPR Water Body Possible at risk WBR Water Body at Risk WFD Water Framework Directive WUA Water Users’ Association

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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The support of the project “European Union Water Initiative Plus” (EUWI+) concerns various ongoing works in different fields of water management in Azerbaijan. This includes harmonization between national legislation and methodologies and EU requirements, in particular related to the EU Water Frame- work Directive (WFD). A key issue of WFD is the application of a basin approach for better planning and management of the river basin areas. River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) are required planning tools that give the overall orientation for water management in the basin, notably the objectives to be reached and the priorities in the actions to be developed. In Azerbaijan, the River Basin sub-District (RBD) of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir Dam has been selected as pilot area for the EUWI+ project. The specific objective of this contract was to assist the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (MENR) of Azerbaijan in identifying, delineating and characterising surface water bodies in the RBD of the Kura upstream the Mingachevir Dam in line with WFD principles and approaches. This work was based on the provisions laid down in the WFD and the methodologies given in various Guidance documents of the EU Common Implementation Strategy (CIS) for the WFD. This water body delineation in Azerbaijan was done in three steps: i) identification of surface water categories (rivers, lakes, transitional waters, coastal waters, artificial and heavily modified water bodies); ii) identification of the types for each category, which allows to define groups of surface waters with common reference conditions and to anchor the ecological classification; iii) identification of significant changes in ecological and/or chemical status or hydomorphology of water bodies on the basis of monitoring data. This approach also helped to identify heavily modified water bodies. Initially, because of absence of information on status, only data from the pressure and impact assessment was partly used in addition to the river and lake typology. A summary of the obtained results for the surface water body delineation in the RBD of the Kura upstream the Mingachevir Dam is presented in the following table:

WB Delineation Ganikh Kura Rivers Lakes Rivers Lakes No. of types 7 1 9 6

Total no. of SWB 49 1 51 7 Natural SWB 49 1 46 7 not pHMWB 48 0 45 1 pHMWB 1 1 1 6 AWB 0 0 5 0

Natural river WB [excl. HMWB] SWB at risk 19 n.a. 22 n.a. SWB possibly at risk 9 n.a. 7 n.a. SWB not at risk 20 n.a. 16 n.a.

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2 INTRODUCTION

Identification, delineation and typology of the water bodies in the RBD Upstream of the Mingechavir reservoir dam was implemented based on the River Basin Analysis, which is a first step of the River Basin Management Plan (RBMP). To achieve the objectives, the following tasks have to be carried out: identification of surface water bodies in the Pilot RBD, determination of the typology of identified surface water bodies, delineation and mapping of surface water bodies, including natural and artificial water bodies (AWB) as well as heavily modified water bodies (HMWB). The technical implementation of the above-described activities was based on the practical application of elements of the WFD and CIS documents, particularly the CIS Guidance Document #2 “Identification of Water Bodies” and CIS Guidance Document #4: "Identification and Designation of Heavily Modified and Artificial Water Bodies".

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3 DESCRIPTION OF THE MAIN RIVER CATCHMENTS

3.1 Overview

The Kura upstream of the Mingachevir Dam RBD is located in the area upstream of the Mingachevir reservoir and dam, which is an earth-fill embankment dam (length 1,550 m, width 16 m, height 80 m) on the Kura River north of the city of Mingachevir in Azerbaijan. The dam serves the purposes of hydroelectric power production and water storage for irrigation [1–5]. The Mingachevir reservoir supplies water to the Upper Garabag and Upper Shirvan Channels which help irrigating about 1,000,000 ha of farmland in the country. The reservoir was built in 1953 on a long section of Kura River. The main hydro-morphological characteristics are: Volume 15.73 km3 Surface area 605 km2 Filling capacity 83 m Length 70 km Width 18 km Maximum depth 75 m Average depth 26 m The main rivers feeding the Mingachevir reservoir are transboundary with Georgia: Ganikh (Alazan), Gabirri (Iori) and Kura. In general, the RBD Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam covers two sub basins:

 Central Kura (including Gabirri river) located in Ganja-Gazakh economic region, and  Ganikh/Alazan located in Sheki-Zagatala economic region. As the Central Kura and Gabirri river basins are located in one Economic Region and Gabirri has no large basin area on the territory of Azerbaijan, they are presented under one single sub-basin in this report. Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the location of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD in Azerbai- jan.

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Figure 1. Map of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir Dam RBD.

Figure 2. Map of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir Dam RBD.

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3.2 Climate

3.2.1 Sub-basin Central Kura (including Gabirri)

The Ganja-Gazakh region has dry and warm climate in the plains, temperate-warm and steppe-dry winter climate in the lowlands, and cold and humid climate in the mountain areas. The temperature in winter changes from –5 °C to –20 °C (or even lower in mountain areas) in the winter and from +20 °C to +35 °C (or higher in plain areas) during summer. The average annual temperature varies from 11.8 to 14.5 °C. The average temperature in July is 23–28 °C, with absolute maxima of 37– 42 °C. Winters are warm: the average temperature in January is 0 °C. The frost-free period lasts 220– 250 days, but the snow cover period is short [6–8]. The average annual precipitation ranges from 250 to 550 mm and increases with altitude.

3.2.2 Sub-basin Ganikh / Alazan river

The Ganikh/Alazan Basin belongs to the transition zone from sub-tropical continental climate to the humid climate. The average annual amount of the atmospheric precipitation varies between 300–4,500 mm in Georgia and 500–1,300 mm on the Azerbaijan side. The average annual air temperature lies between 9/10 °C and 13/14 °C, the minimum air temperature is 0.5 ºC in January, while the maximum temperature reaches 23.6 ºC in July. Like in all mountain regions, temperature falls with increasing altitude: The annual mean temperature is 14–16 °C in plain areas but descends to 0 °C in high mountain zones. The average annual relative air humidity is around 70%, fluctuating over the season from 60 to 85%. Maximum annual precipitation falls at an altitude of 2,400–2,600 m (1,400 mm) in the southern slopes of Greater Caucasus. The amount of precipitation changes varies at 900–1,200 mm in the southern slope of the high mountain zone. Precipitation in the Ganigh-Ayrichay valley remains at 550–850 mm. At present, there are 18 hydrological observation points of the National Hydrometeorology Department (NHD) in the basins of Ganja-Gazakh, located at different altitudes. 14 sites are located on rivers in the region, which flow into Kura River, three on Kura River itself and one on Iori River. Water resources of the Kura River at the Mingachevir station is about 15–17 km3 (which corresponds to 475–540 m3/s. The mean discharge of Gabirri river is 15.9 m3/s, most of it comes from the territory of Georgia (15.5 m3/s), a minor part comes from the territory of Azerbaijan (0.44 m3/s). For the feeding of Ganikh river underground water (45–60%), rain and snow water play a great role. The main discharge in the river and its branches happens during spring, however, heavy rain can cause floods also during summer [9–12]. The average annual flow is 3,942.5 million m3 (1,876 million m3 coming from Georgia, 1,216 million m3 in Azerbaijan). Though Ganigh river is situated in a rich humid zone, it is used for irrigation during summer in Georgia. The water of this river plays a great role for the Mingachevir reservoir and for the water balance of Kura river.

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3.3 Human activities and water uses

3.3.1 Population density

According to information of the State Statistics Committee, the number of inhabitants in the Central Kura river sub-basin was 1,161,490 at the beginning of 2018, which is about 90% of the population of the Ganja-Gazakh economic region and 11.7% of the total population of the Azerbaijan Republic [13–14]. According to the same data source, 467,300 people live in the Ganikh/Alazan river sub-basin area, which is about 75% of the population of the Sheki-Zagatala economic region and 4.72% of the total population of the Azerbaijan Republic.

3.3.2 Agriculture

Central Kura river sub basin Of the total land used for agricultural purposes in Azerbaijan, 13% is located in Ganja-Gazakh, as well as 15% of the total cattle number and 28% of all vineyards in the country [8, 15–17]. The main agricultural products are potatoes, grain and wine. Cotton is cultivated only in Goranboy, while the Gazakh, Agstafa, Shamkir and Samukh regions are specialized on wine production; potatoes prevail in Gadabay, Shamkir and Tovuz, grain in Goranboy. Horticulture, the production of fruits and vegetable as well as cattle-breeding are also developed in the Ganja-Gazakh economic region.

Ganikh/Alazan river sub-basin Agriculture is the most developed sector in the economic region of Ganikh/Alazan and covers an area of 1.1 million ha, 17.2% of which (or 179,000 ha) is a sowing area. After an agrarian reform during recent years the structure of agricultural land has significantly changed. At present, more than 40% of the basin area suitable for agriculture belongs to municipalities, about 30% to the state and about 30% to private persons and farmers. In total, 44.1% of the land is suitable for agriculture, 22.5% is pasture land and 26.4% is forest. Irrigated of grain plantations was developed in the lowland (plain) regions and plays an important role in the Sheki-Zagatala region. Fodder crops for cattle are also planted in the region, including barley, maize, sunflower, sugar beet, etc. The second main developed leading field is cattle-breeding. Cattle-breeding is represented mainly by cattle-breeding, poultry-keeping, pig-breeding, apiculture and sericulture. Of the total cattle in the country 12.5% of cow and buffalo, 10.2% of sheep and goat and 62.4% of pig, fall into this part in the Re- public. The characteristics of this area – subalpine and alpine meadows, winter hut, long-term fodder crops and convenient natural climatic condition – offer a great opportunity to a sustainable development of cattle-breeding. Mass construction of water reservoirs in Azerbaijan started in the 1950s, primarily for irrigation purposes [3]. There are the Shamkir, Yenikend , Mingachevir reservoirs on the Kura and some other reservoirs on small rivers of the Central Kura and Ganikh basins. Water from these reservoirs are distributed to agricultural lands via irrigation canals.

3.3.3 Industry and mining

Central Kura river sub basin

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The main mineral and rock resources of the area are sulphuric pyrites, cobalt, barite, iron ore, alunite, stone marble, gypsum, zeolite, bentonite, crude cement, gold, copper, and limestone. Ganja-Gazakh is the second most important industrial region in the Republic. Its share of the total industrial production in Azerbaijan is 12–13%. The region of Dashkasan plays a significant role for metallurgy and mining industries. It is located near the Koshkarchay River basin. The region is rich in natural resources and provides e.g. iron ore, cobalt, alunite, marble and limestone. At present, there are three iron ore fields in this region: Dashkasan, South Dashkasan and Demir. The total volume of discovered iron ore resources exceeds 250 million tons. Machinery: This includes the production of devices, supply for communications, vehicle repair and production of agricultural equipment. Power industry: In operation are the Ganja, Shamkir and Enikend hydro-power plants (HPP). Chemical industry: Plants operate in Ganja for the production of sulphuric acid and potash fertilizers. Light industry is mostly based on the processing of local raw materials: cotton in Dalimamedli, and cotton, wool and carpet production in Ganja, Gazakh, and Dashkasan Agriculture: Enterprises in the food industry process produce meat, dairy, tinned products, wine, cognac, etc. Construction: Plants exist for the production of wide panels, ferro-concrete, brick, marble, etc.

Ganikh/Alazan river sub basin The industry of this economical region is mainly based on manufacturing agricultural products. At present 103 industrial enterprises work in this area. Though industrial enterprises are superior, in general the production is below previous years: While in the year 2000, Sheki-Zagatala provided 2% of all industrial production, it has decreased to 0.3% today. 15.4% of it falls to the private sector. Also the number of industry workers has decreased by 41% (1,730 people). Industry is represented mainly by food industry, manufacturing and partly by construction enterprises. Food industry gives more than 70% of all industry production in the economical region. Meat, butter, cheese, fruits, vegetables, canning factory, tobacco enterprises, different kinds of sweets producers represent the food industry in the economical city centre. Over the last years, the production of non- alcoholic drinks based on mineral waters, mineral and aerated water has increased. Manufacturing refers to 5% of the productive capacity of the region (Sheki silk enterprises).

3.3.4 Hydropower generation

Ganja Gazakh river sub basin In the 1930s to 1940s, small hydroelectric power plants (HPPs) were built on rivers in Ganja-Gazakh. The HPP on Koshkarchay River is located below Zavala’s village, 63 km from the river mouth. It has a capacity of 50 KW. The length of the ferro-concrete dam is 15 m, the width of the crest is 1.5 m, and the water depth is 3 m. Below the dam, a canal branches off from the river toward the hydropower station. It discharges back to the Koshkarchay River downstream. The HPP on Ganjachay River was constructed at Zurnabad village in 1927. The length of dam is 25 m, its width 3 m and height of water 1 m. The volume of the reservoir is 900 m3. The used water goes back into the Ganjachay River. When in 1953 the Mingachevir HPP was built on Kura River, small HPPs became unprofitable and had to terminate their operation.

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At present, the construction of new non-polluting power sources is promoted by planning small HPPs, which utilize the hydraulic power capacity of small rivers.

Ganikh river sub basin The potential power of the hydropower reserve in the Ganikh river basin is 913,000 kW. The potential energy is 8 × 109 kWh, but it is almost not used at present. Energy is provided to all settlements situated along the Kur river from the Mingachevir HPP. Apart from the operating Sheki HPP, there are 3 HPPs out of operation on the Ganigh river basin: Zagatala, Balakan and Gax HPPs. Sheki HPP was built in 1936 on Kish river. The defined power of the HPP is 1,650 kW, the average annual long-term output is 6.30 million kWh. At present, only one aggregate works in the station. This HPP supplies nearly 500 houses with electric power. The Balakan HPP was built in 1925. At present it is out of operation. The defined power is 280 kW, the average long-term output is 1.32 million kWh. The Zagatala HPP was built in 1945 but stopped working on 15 August 1966. The defined power was 200 kW. At present, the station building, the canal system and other hydro-technical installation are closed. The construction of the following HPPs is planned for the future: 1. Ganikh HPP with 200 MW 2. Katekh HPP with 60 MW.

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4 METHODOLOGY

Under the term surface waters, we considered all inland water objects, including rivers, canals, lakes, reservoirs and ponds. For the purpose to assess the ecological status of all surface waters and for planning and implementing programs of measures, rivers and lakes were divided into discrete volumes, or bodies of surface water (SWB). According to the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD), each “water body” should be a coherent sub-unit in the river basin, to which the environmental objectives of the directive must apply. This refers to discrete and significant elements of surface water, which differ from each other by their specific natural characteristics, the nature of human pressure and other essential parameters. The process of delineation and identifying surface water bodies consisted of a division of water bodies into sections and parts according to agreed parameters and criteria. Each surface water body is subject to regular assessment of status and measures for improving and maintaining the status of water bodies. The method used for the SWB delineation involves an identification of the location and boundaries of surface water bodies and their initial characterization in accordance with the methodology described below.

 The SWB within the river basin/sub-basin were identified as falling within one of the following surface water categories — rivers, lakes, artificial or heavily modified surface water bodies. For each surface water category, the relevant SWB within the river basin/sub-basin was differentiated according to a type. These types are defined using the system A of the WFD in accordance with the ToR of the Project (

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 Table 1).

 Each SWB within the river basin/sub-basin was differentiated by the relevant ecoregion in accordance with the geographical areas. The pilot basin under this review belongs to the ecoregion 24 (Caucasus).

 For heavily modified water bodies the differentiation was undertaken in accordance with the descriptors, to which-ever the surface water categories (rivers or lakes) most closely resembles.

 Artificial water bodies are those built at sites, where before no natural water existed. In addition to the typology, surface water bodies should be delineated according to the following factors (CIS Guidance):

 Significant hydro-morphological characteristics;

 Significant pressures  Change of ecological or chemical status  Optionally: protected areas; Due to the lack of information about hydro-morphology, pressures (at regional or local scale) and status could only be partly attributed to the present SWB status.

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Table 1. System A: Rivers and Lakes

Fixed RIVER LAKE typology Descriptors Descriptors Ecoregion 24 (Caucasus) 24 (Caucasus) Type Altitude Altitude

 lowland: <200 m  lowland: <200 m  mid-altitude: 200 to 800 m  mid-altitude: 200 to 800 m  high: >800 m  high: >800 m Size typology based on catchment area Size typology based on surface area

 small: 10 to 100 km2  0.5 to 1 km2  medium: >100 to 1 000 km2  1 to 10 km2  large: >1 000 to 10 000 km2  10 to 100 km2  very large: >10 000 km2  >100 km2 Depth typology based on mean depth

 <3 m  3 to 15 m  >15 m Geology Geology

 Calcareous  Calcareous  Siliceous  siliceous  organic  organic

All rivers with a river basin of over 10 km2 and lakes (reservoirs) with a surface area of over 0.5 km2 were considered for the purpose of establishing and identifying surface water bodies. Rivers with catchment areas smaller than 10 km2 were categorized as individual water bodies in respect to their significance. However, all small rivers are included in larger drainage basins, which serve as the basis for the management of all water bodies. The establishment of surface water bodies was based on types of water bodies in natural conditions. The type of water body under natural conditions was identified for each surface water body.

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5 TYPOLOGY

The type of a water body depends on a set of natural properties of a water body or its parts. The identification of the river types is mainly based on the geographical and morphological character. The following typology follows the System A, as defined in the Annex II of the EU WFD. Based on the ecoregion, geology, catchment area and altitude 9 river types were distinguished (Table 2, Figure 3; R1 does not occurr in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD).

Table 2. Typology of rivers following System A (including additional criteria) and number of surface water bodies per type in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD

Descriptor Type

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10

Ecoregion 24

Geology Siliceous

Catchment area km²] 10–100 100–1,000 1,000–10,000 >10,000

Altitude [m asl] <200 200– >800 <200 200– >800 <200 200– <200 200– 800 800 800 800

No. of SWB 0 1 10 7 36 20 10 5 4 2

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Figure 3. River types of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD

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The typology for 8 lake water bodies is also based on geographical and morphological characteristics. Based on ecoregion and geology, all lake water bodies upstream the Mingechavir dam belong to one single type, while by the surface area size, altitude and the mean depth lakes fall into six types (Table 3).

Table 3. Typology of lake water bodies in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD.

Descriptor Type L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 Ecoregion 24 Geology Siliceous Surface area [km2] 0.5-1 1-10 10-100 10-100 100-1,000 100-1,000 Altitude [m asl] >800 200-800 <200 200-800 <200 200-800 Depth [m] 3-15 >15 3-15 3-15 >15 >15 Number of LWB 1 2 1 2 1 1

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6 SIGNIFICANT HUMAN PRESSURES

For a general overview of land use, agriculture and industry, please see Chapter 3.3. In total, over 15 types of pressures in the selected pilot area are grouped by the level of impact on water resources, being: (1) very significant, (2) significant, and (3) not significant (Table 4). Hydrological alterations 1. Water abstraction 2. Water abstraction for communal-household purposes 3. Water abstraction for irrigation purposes 4. Water abstraction for industrial purposes 5. Hydropower plants Pollution 6. Point sources of pollution 6.1. Urban wastewater discharge, including wastewater wells 6.2. Discharge from industrial and mining activities 7. Diffused source of pollution 7.1. Processing of agricultural crops and use of fertilizers 7.2. Animal husbandry and overgrazing 8. Automobile transport (car washing in rivers) 9. Solid wastes Morphological alterations 10. Physical morphological changes of water bodies

Table 4. Level of significance of anthropogenic pressures on surface water in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD. Numbers of pressures see text.

River section 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.1 6.2 7.1 7.2 7 8 9 10

Agstafachay -

Armenia territory and city of Gazakh in 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 Azerbaijan

Armenia territory and Musakoy reservoir 1 3 1 3

Armenia territory, Musakoy village & city of 2 Gazakh in Az.

Ayrichay

Ayrichay reservoir 1 3 1 2

Bash Dashagil 3 -

Below mouth of Kishchay 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Belokanchay

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River section 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.1 6.2 7.1 7.2 7 8 9 10

above Belokan city 3 -

near Belokan city 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Ganjachay

residential areas along the river betw. Zurnabad 2 & Samukh

Zurnabad-Samukh 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Zurnabad-Topalhasanli 1 3 1 3 3

Goshgarchay (Above the city of Goygol) 3 - 1 - 2 2 2 2

Kichchay

above Sheki city 3 3

near Sheki city 2 3 2 1 2 - 2 2 2 2 2 2

Kurmukchay (Gakh city) 2 3 2 3 - 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Qoshqarchay (above the city Goy Gol) 1 3

Shamkirchay -

above the city of Shamkir 1 3 -

after the Shamkirchay reservoir 1 2

residential areas along the river 2 2 - 2 2 2 2 2 2

Talachay

above Zagatala city 3 -

near the Meshlesh village of Zagatala city 2

near Zagatala city 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2

Tovuzchay -

Armenia territory and Azerbaijan above Oysuzlu 1 3 1 3

Armenia territory and residential areas in 2 Azerbaijan

Armenia territory & the city of Tovuz & above in 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 Azerbaijan

Zayamchay

after the Yanigli village of Tovuz rayon 1 3

after Yanigli 3 0 2 2 2 2 2 2

The following maps illustrate the distribution of settlements and the population density in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD (Figure 4, Figure 5).

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Figure 4. Settlements in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD

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Figure 5. Population density in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD

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7 DELINEATION OF SURFACE WATER BODIES

7.1 Overview

Surface water bodies (SWB) are classified into natural and artificial water bodies, in addition among the natural SWB those which are heavily modified. The delineation of surface water bodies and the identification of heavily modified water bodies is based on several guidelines and an agreed methodology, as described below. As outlined above, at present the delineation of the SWB is based mainly on the river and lake types, since the information on pressures cannot be localised to individual water sections with sufficient confi- dence. The same is true for the information of chemical and ecological status. In the next cycle of the RBMP and based on new monitoring data, a review of the SWB will be undertaken. At present, only a rough risk assessment is provided and was taken into consideration for the delineation of the SWB (see 8). Based on the existing information, 95 natural SWB were identified on the rivers of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD. Two of them are defined as provisional HMWB. In addition, five river-like water bodies (irrigation canals) were identified as artificial (Table 5). Eight lake water bodies are located on the territory of the RBD. Seven of them (reservoirs) were identified as provisional heavily modified water bodies (Table 6).

Table 5. Number and total length of river water bodies of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD Total nr. of natural water bodies Heavily modified water bodies Artificial water bodies Number Length, km Number Length, km Number Length, km 95 2793.8 2 11.4 5 107.68

Table 6. Number and total area of lake water bodies in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD Total nr. of natural water bodies Heavily modified water bodies Artificial water bodies Number Length, km Number Length, km Number Length, km 8 788.7 7 788.1 0 0

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7.2 Provisional heavily modified water bodies

In accordance with the EU WFD, a HMWB is defined as “a body of surface water which, as a result of physical alterations by human activity, is substantially changed in character” (CIS, Guidance Document #4). At the present stage, the HMWBs were preliminarily designated (provisional or candidate HMWB, ab- breviated as pHMWB). This HMWB designation process aims to justify why the SWB should be classified as HMWB and therefore should have less stringent objectives in terms of ecological status improve- ments. Ten water bodies (7 lake WB and 2 river WB) were identified as HMWB in the Pilot Area (Figure 6). The criteria for assigning the 7 reservoirs as pHMWB were:

 Large surface area of the reservoirs (at least 0.5 km2)  High public interest in irrigation and drinking water supply Two rivers were assigned as pHMWB based on the following criteria:

 Artificial change of the bed of the channel by concrete walls (altogether over 11 km) Following the initial establishment of pHMWB, the final establishment will be conducted after analyzing the gaps based on field survey materials as well as on results of the risk assessment for the surface water bodies. The final establishment will consist of verifying the validity of the criteria used to qualify a water body as a HMWB.

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Figure 6. Lakes and provisional HMWB in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD

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7.3 Artificial water bodies

Five canals were identified as artificial water bodies (AWB, Figure 7). The length of all canals in the Azerbaijan Republic is 47,058 km. The area irrigated by these canals is 1.4 million ha. Among these canals in the pilot area, five were identified as artificial water bodies (AWB) with a total length of 109 km and an irrigated area of 37,667 ha. The main irrigation canal of the pilot basin is the Agstafachay canal from the Agstafachay Reservoir that has served the irrigation tract Ganja-Qazakh since 1969. The right arm of this canal is named Shamkir canal (Kur016-1-AWB001). This canal is 58 km long and has a water discharge capacity of about 27 m3/s. Shamkir canal serves 24,000 ha of the irrigation area. The left arm of Agstafachay canal is named Salahli canal (Kur016-2-AWB002). It is 11 km long and has a water discharge capacity of about 12 m3/s. The irrigation area is 12,000 ha. The Kosalar canal (Kur016-3-AWB003) of 10.5 km long and was constructed in 1955. The irrigation starts in the area downstream of the Agstafachay reservoir near the Gazakh city area. The land area irrigated by this channel is 272 ha, the water discharge capacity is 0.35 m3/s. These three canals were identified as artificial water bodies in the Agstafachay River Basin [2–5, 18–21]. The Dallar and Konullu canals start from the Shamkirchay River. The Dallar canal (Kur013-2-AWB005) is 14.5 km long. It was constructed in 1928. The Dallar canal serves 439 ha of the irrigation area and has a water discharge capacity of about 0.8 m3/s. The Konullu canal (Kur013-1-AWB004) of 14.8 km long and was constructed in 1916. The area irrigated by this canal is 956 ha and the canal has a water discharge capacity of 2.5 m3/s.

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Figure 7. AWBs In the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD

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7.4 List of surface water bodies in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD

Table 7. SWB and typology in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD.

DelName DelCode Altitude, Geol- Length, Area, Type m asl ogy km km2 Ganikh river system 1 Ganikh Gan10-1-WB001 <200 Siliceous 42 36 R9 2 Dashagilchay Gan1011-1-WB002 >800 Siliceous 49.3 102 R6 3 Dashagilchay Gan1011-2-WB003 200-800 Siliceous 21 65 R5 4 Ayrichay Gan101-1-WB004 200-800 Siliceous 21.7 60 R5 5 Kungutchay Gan1012-1-WB005 >800 Siliceous 34.1 75 R3 6 Kungutchay Gan1012-2-WB006 200-800 Siliceous 42.6 108 R5 7 Ayrichay Gan101-2-WB007 200-800 Siliceous 76.9 195 R5 8 Kishchay Gan1013-1-WB008 >800 Siliceous 47.5 102 R6 9 Kishchay Gan1013-2-WB009 200-800 Siliceous 3.2 20 R5 10 Kishchay Gan1013-3-WB010 200-800 Siliceous 2.7 35 R5 11 Kishchay Gan1013-4-WB011 200-800 Siliceous 14.5 90 R5 12 Shinchay Gan1014-1-WB012 >800 Siliceous 54.8 187 R6 13 Shinchay Gan1014-2-WB013 200-800 Siliceous 40 130 R5 14 Ayrichay Gan101-3-WB014 200-800 Siliceous 20.7 35 R8 15 Ayrichay Gan101-4-WB015 <200 Siliceous 12.9 16 R7 16 Junutchay Gan1015-1-WB016 200-800 Siliceous 33 130 R5 17 Ayrichay Gan101-5-WB017 <200 Siliceous 35.1 35 R7 18 Ganikh Gan10-2-WB018 <200 Siliceous 13.3 15 R7 19 Kurmukhchay Gan102-1-WB019 >800 Siliceous 43.9 215 R6 20 Kurmukhchay Gan102-2-WB020 200-800 Siliceous 4.9 15 R5 21 Kurmukhchay Gan102-3-WB021 200-800 Siliceous 18.8 150 R5 22 Kurmukhchay Gan102-4-WB022 <200 Siliceous 3.5 20 R4 23 Ganikh Gan10-3-WB023 <200 Siliceous 4.2 11 R7 24 Kumchay Gan1031-1-WB024 >800 Siliceous 7 35 R3 25 Kumchay Gan1031-2-WB025 200-800 Siliceous 37.5 161 R5 26 Kapuchay Gan103-1-WB026 <200 Siliceous 20 32 R4 27 Ganikh Gan10-4-WB027 <200 Siliceous 34 45 R7 28 Karachay Gan104-1-WB028 >800 Siliceous 49.5 164 R6 29 Dabaltchay Gan1041-1-WB029 >800 Siliceous 28.9 63 R3 30 Karachay Gan104-2-WB030 200-800 Siliceous 13.2 51 R5 31 Karachay Gan104-3-WB031 200-800 Siliceous 24.1 150 R5 32 Karachay Gan104-4-WB032 <200 Siliceous 7 40 R4 33 Ganikh Gan10-5-WB033 <200 Siliceous 14.9 27 R7 34 Tlachay Gan1051-1-WB034 >800 Siliceous 51.4 125 R6 35 Tlachay Gan1051-2-WB035 200-800 Siliceous 19.6 120 R5 36 Muganlichay Gan105-1-WB036 200-800 Siliceous 15.3 155 R5 37 Ganikh Gan10-6-WB037 <200 Siliceous 40 65 R7 38 Katekhchay Gan106-1-WB038 >800 Siliceous 70 175 R6 39 Katekhchay Gan106-2-WB039 200-800 Siliceous 10.3 68 R5 40 Katekhchay Gan106-3-WB040 200-800 Siliceous 20.4 120 R5 41 Katekhchay Gan106-4-WB041 <200 Siliceous 14.8 22 R4 42 Balakenchay Gan107-1-WB042 >800 Siliceous 54.1 133 R6 43 Balakenchay Gan107-2-WB043 200-800 Siliceous 28.8 149 R5

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DelName DelCode Altitude, Geol- Length, Area, Type m asl ogy km km2 44 Balakenchay Gan107-3-WB044 <200 Siliceous 6.5 17 R4 45 Ganikh Gan10-7-WB045 <200 Siliceous 11.5 20 R7 46 Mazimchay Gan108-1-WB046 >800 Siliceous 16.8 38 R3 47 Mazimchay Gan108-2-WB047 200-800 Siliceous 40.2 92 R5 48 Mazimchay Gan108-3-WB048 200-800 Siliceous 21.7 123 R5 49 Ganikh Gan10-8-WB049 <200 Siliceous 22 33 R7 Kura river system 1 Kura Kur01-1-WB001 <200 Siliceous 12.2 39 R9 2 Ganjachay Kur011-1-WB002 >800 Siliceous 58.6 210 R6 3 Destefurchay Kur0111-1-WB003 >800 Siliceous 27 75 R3 4 Ganjachay Kur011-2-WB004 >800 Siliceous 33.4 121 R6 5 Ganjachay Kur011-3-WB005 200-800 Siliceous 14.1 30 R5 6 Ganjachay Kur011-4-WB006 200-800 Siliceous 8.7 11 R5 7 Ganjachay Kur011-5-WB007 200-800 Siliceous 10.3 11 R5 8 Ganjachay Kur011-6-WB008 <200 Siliceous 23.7 46 R4 9 Kura Kur01-2-WB009 <200 Siliceous 19.9 56 R9 10 Qoshqarchay Kur012-1-WB010 >800 Siliceous 34.4 101 R3 11 Qoshqarchay Kur012-2-WB011 >800 Siliceous 68 199 R6 12 Xeyrachay Kur0121-1-WB012 200-800 Siliceous 24.2 71 R2 13 Qoshqarchay Kur012-3-WB013 200-800 Siliceous 22.7 28 R5 14 Qoshqarchay Kur012-4-WB014 <200 Siliceous 14.9 31 R4 15 Kura Kur01-3-WB015 <200 Siliceous 5 10 R9 16 Shamkirchay Kur013-1-WB016 >800 Siliceous 162 451 R6 17 Shamkirchay Kur013-2-WB017 >800 Siliceous 17.4 54 R6 18 Gedebeychay Kur0131-1-WB018 >800 Siliceous 29 82 R3 19 Shamkirchay Kur013-3-WB019 >800 Siliceous 2.5 7 R6 20 Emirvar Kur0132-1-WB020 >800 Siliceous 52.8 87 R3 21 Shamkirchay Kur013-4-WB021 >800 Siliceous 68 181 R6 22 Shamkirchay Kur013-5-WB022 200-800 Siliceous 37.7 56 R5 23 Shamkirchay Kur013-6-WB023 200-800 Siliceous 35.6 61 R5 24 Inekboganchay Kur0141-1-WB024 >800 Siliceous 71 213 R6 25 Bacanka Kur0142-1-WB025 >800 Siliceous 84.5 209 R6 26 Zayamchay Kur014-1-WB026 >800 Siliceous 31.2 204 R6 247 Kilisesuyu Kur0143-1-WB027 >800 Siliceous 13.9 32.5 R3 28 Zayamchay Kur014-2-WB028 200-800 Siliceous 11.7 55.1 R5 29 Badachay Kur0144-1-WB029 >800 Siliceous 25.1 79 R3 30 Zayamchay Kur014-3-WB030 200-800 Siliceous 37.8 165 R5 31 Tovuzchay Kur015-1-WB031 >800 Siliceous 49.5 175 R6 32 Tovuzchay Kur015-2-WB032 200-800 Siliceous 8.2 45 R5 33 Akhinjachay Kur0151-1-WB033 200-800 Siliceous 11.6 50 R5 34 Tovuzchay Kur015-3-WB034 200-800 Siliceous 12.5 38 R5 35 Asrikchay Kur0152-1-WB035 >800 Siliceous 24.3 175 R6 36 Asrikchay Kur0152-2-WB036 200-800 Siliceous 22.2 47 R5 37 Tovuzchay Kur015-4-WB037 200-800 Siliceous 11.1 26 R5 38 Kura Kur01-4-WB038 200-800 Siliceous 50.5 120 R10 39 Akstafachay Kur016-1-WB039 200-800 Siliceous 15.7 64 R8 40 Akstafachay Kur016-2-WB040 200-800 Siliceous 9.4 40 R8 41 Coqaschay Kur0161-1-WB041 200-800 Siliceous 23.7 77 R5 42 Coqaschay Kur0161-2-WB042 200-800 Siliceous 28.6 54 R5 43 Akstafachay Kur016-3-WB043 200-800 Siliceous 14.8 45.2 R8 44 Akstafachay Kur016-4-WB044 200-800 Siliceous 16.4 78 R8 45 Kura Kur01-5-WB045 200-800 Siliceous 37.9 60 R10

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DelName DelCode Altitude, Geol- Length, Area, Type m asl ogy km km2 46 Gabirli Gab017-1-WB046 <200 Siliceous 80.3 120 R7 AWB Shamkir canal Kur016-1-AWB001 200-800 Siliceous 56.6 56.6 R2 Salahli canal Kur016-2-AWB002 200-800 Siliceous 11.2 11.2 R2 Kosalar canal Kur016-3-AWB003 200-800 Siliceous 10.5 10.5 R2 Konullu canal Kur013-1-AWB004 200-800 Siliceous 14.8 14.8 R2 Dallar canal Kur013-2-AWB005 200-800 Siliceous 14.5 14.5 R2 Lakes and reservois (HMWB) Mingachevir Reservoir Kur01-1-HMWB001 <200 Siliceous 26 605 L5 Yenikend Reservoir Kur01-2-HMWB002 <200 Siliceous 6.8 23.2 L3 Shamkir Reservoir Kur01-3-HMWB003 200-800 Siliceous 23.2 115 L6 Zincirli Lake Kur013-1-LB004 >800 Siliceous 11.5 0.60 L1 Shamkirchay Reservoir Kur013-2-HMWB005 200-800 Siliceous 7 25 L4 Tovuzchay Reservoir Kur015-1-HMWB006 200-800 Siliceous 13 1.6 L2 Aghstafachay Reservoir Kur016-1-HMWB007 200-800 Siliceous 19.0 6.30 L2 Ayrichay Reservoir Gan101-1-HMWB008 200-800 Siliceous 7.5 12 L4 area = catchment area for rivers, surface area for lakes/reservoirs

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8 RISK ASSESSMENT

Table 8 summarises the impact of point and diffuse source of pollution for all water bodies of the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD. Assessment of single pressures is combined to a final score as a cumulative impact. It is calculated following the one-out-all-out principle. Categories of risk assessment: R … at risk N … not at risk PR … possibly at risk No risk assessment was made for pHMWB and AWB.

Table 8. Risk assessment of the surface water bodies in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD. 1 = not at risk (N), 2 = possibly at risk (PR), 3 = at risk (R).

Pollution impact

Level of

confi- River Name SWB Code dence

Point sources Diffusion from agriculture Diffusion from Livestock Final score Risk Ganikh river system 1 Ganikh Gan10-1-WB001 3 2 3 3 R High 2 Dashagilchay Gan1011-1-WB002 1 1 1 1 N High 3 Dashagilchay Gan1011-2-WB003 1 1 1 1 N High 4 Ayrichay Gan101-1-WB004 1 1 1 1 N High 5 Kungutchay Gan1012-1-WB005 1 1 1 1 N High 6 Kungutchay Gan1012-2-WB006 1 1 1 1 N High 7 Ayrichay Gan101-2-WB007 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 8 Kishchay Gan1013-1-WB008 1 1 1 1 N High 9 Kishchay Gan1013-2-WB009 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 10 Kishchay Gan1013-3-WB010 3 3 3 3 pHMWB High 11 Kishchay Gan1013-4-WB011 3 3 3 3 R High 12 Shinchay Gan1014-1-WB012 1 1 1 1 N High 13 Shinchay Gan1014-2-WB013 1 1 1 1 N High 14 Ayrichay Gan101-3-WB014 3 3 3 3 R High 15 Ayrichay Gan101-4-WB015 3 3 3 3 R High 16 Junutchay Gan1015-1-WB016 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 17 Ayrichay Gan101-5-WB017 3 3 3 3 R High 18 Ganikh Gan10-2-WB018 3 2 3 3 R Low 19 Kurmukhchay Gan102-1-WB019 1 1 1 1 N High 20 Kurmukhchay Gan102-2-WB020 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 21 Kurmukhchay Gan102-3-WB021 3 3 3 3 R High 22 Kurmukhchay Gan102-4-WB022 3 3 3 3 R High 23 Ganikh Gan10-3-WB023 3 3 3 3 R High 24 Kumchay Gan1031-1-WB024 1 1 1 1 N High 25 Kumchay Gan1031-2-WB025 1 1 1 1 N High

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26 Kapuchay Gan103-1-WB026 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 27 Ganikh Gan10-4-WB027 3 1 3 3 R Medium 28 Karachay Gan104-1-WB028 1 1 1 1 N High 29 Dabaltchay Gan1041-1-WB029 1 1 1 1 N High 30 Karachay Gan104-2-WB030 1 1 1 1 N High 31 Karachay Gan104-3-WB031 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 32 Karachay Gan104-4-WB032 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 33 Ganikh Gan10-5-WB033 3 1 3 3 R Medium 34 Tlachay Gan1051-1-WB034 1 1 1 1 N High 35 Tlachay Gan1051-2-WB035 2 3 3 3 R Medium 36 Muganlichay Gan105-1-WB036 3 3 3 3 R High 37 Ganikh Gan10-6-WB037 3 3 3 3 R High 38 Katekhchay Gan106-1-WB038 1 1 1 1 N High 39 Katekhchay Gan106-2-WB039 1 1 1 1 N High 40 Katekhchay Gan106-3-WB040 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 41 Katekhchay Gan106-4-WB041 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 42 Balakenchay Gan107-1-WB042 1 1 1 1 N High 43 Balakenchay Gan107-2-WB043 2 3 3 3 R Low 44 Balakenchay Gan107-3-WB044 3 3 3 3 R High 45 Ganikh Gan10-7-WB045 3 3 3 3 R Medium 46 Mazimchay Gan108-1-WB046 1 1 1 1 N High 47 Mazimchay Gan108-2-WB047 1 1 1 1 N Hihj 48 Mazimchay Gan108-3-WB048 3 3 3 3 R Medium 49 Ganikh Gan10-8-WB049 3 1 3 3 R Medium Kura river system 1 Kura Kur01-1-WB001 3 3 3 3 R Medium 2 Ganjachay Kur011-1-WB002 1 1 1 1 N High 3 Destefurchay Kur0111-1-WB003 1 1 1 1 N High 4 Ganjachay Kur011-2-WB004 1 1 1 1 N High 5 Ganjachay Kur011-3-WB005 3 3 3 3 R Medium 6 Ganjachay Kur011-4-WB006 3 3 3 3 pHMWB Medium 7 Ganjachay Kur011-5-WB007 3 3 3 3 R High 8 Ganjachay Kur011-6-WB008 3 3 3 3 R High 9 Kura Kur01-2-WB009 3 3 3 3 R Medium 10 Qoshqarchay Kur012-1-WB010 1 1 1 1 N High 11 Qoshqarchay Kur012-2-WB011 2 2 3 3 R Low 12 Xeyrachay Kur0121-1-WB012 1 1 1 1 N High 13 Qoshqarchay Kur012-3-WB013 3 3 3 3 R Hugh 14 Qoshqarchay Kur012-4-WB014 3 3 3 3 R High 15 Kura Kur01-3-WB015 3 3 3 3 R Medium 16 Shamkirchay Kur013-1-WB016 1 1 1 1 N High 17 Shamkirchay Kur013-2-WB017 1 1 1 1 N High 18 Gedebeychay Kur0131-1-WB018 3 3 3 3 R Medium 19 Shamkirchay Kur013-3-WB019 2 1 2 2 PR Medium 20 Emirvar Kur0132-1-WB020 1 1 1 1 N High 21 Shamkirchay Kur013-4-WB021 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 22 Shamkirchay Kur013-5-WB022 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 23 Shamkirchay Kur013-6-WB023 3 3 3 3 R Medium

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24 Inekboganchay Kur0141-1-WB024 1 1 1 1 N High 25 Bacanka Kur0142-1-WB025 1 1 1 1 N High 26 Zayamchay Kur014-1-WB026 1 1 1 1 N High 27 Kilisesuyu Kur0143-1-WB027 1 1 1 1 N High 28 Zayamchay Kur014-2-WB028 1 1 1 1 N High 29 Badachay Kur0144-1-WB029 1 1 1 1 N High 30 Zayamchay Kur014-3-WB030 3 3 3 3 R Medium 31 Tovuzchay Kur015-1-WB031 1 1 1 1 N High 32 Tovuzchay Kur015-2-WB032 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 33 Akhinjachay Kur0151-1-WB033 3 3 3 3 R Medium 34 Tovuzchay Kur015-3-WB034 3 3 3 3 R Medium 35 Asrikchay Kur0152-1-WB035 1 1 1 1 N High 36 Asrikchay Kur0152-2-WB036 2 2 2 2 R Medium 37 Tovuzchay Kur015-4-WB037 3 3 3 3 R Medium 38 Kura Kur01-4-WB038 3 3 3 3 R Averag 39 Akstafachay Kur016-1-WB039 3 1 3 3 R Medium 40 Akstafachay Kur016-2-WB040 3 3 3 3 R High 41 Coqaschay Kur0161-1-WB041 2 1 2 2 PR Medium 42 Coqaschay Kur0161-2-WB042 2 2 2 2 PR Medium 43 Akstafachay Kur016-3-WB043 3 3 3 3 R Medium 44 Akstafachay Kur016-4-WB044 3 3 3 3 R Medium 45 Kura Kur01-5-WB045 3 3 3 3 R Medium 46 Gabirli Gab017-1-WB046 2 2 2 2 PR Medium

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9 CURRENT MONITORING SITUATION

Monitoring data are available from SWB in the Central Kura and Ganikh river basins and were provided by the EPIRB project during 2012–2016. In this project, also a strategic monitoring plan for the Central Kura basin was developed, where locations, parameters and frequency of operational, surveillance and investigative monitoring were identified. In October 2018, a field survey was carried out within the EUWI+ project in both the Central Kura and Ganikh basins (Figure 8). The data are currently analysed, the report will be finalised in spring 2019.

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Figure 8. Sampling sites in the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD during the joint field survey (JFS)

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10 OPEN ISSUES AND DATA GAPS

This delineation is based on the results of the pressure-impact analysis and the risk assessment pre- pared during the river basin planning process for the Kura upstream of the Mingachevir dam RBD. The SWB delineated in this report was done by taking into account significant point and diffuse sources of pollution criteria. However, as the ecological status classification systems (ESCS) are not yet available, the monitoring data were used in this report to check the status of the SWB and to use it for the delineation. It is expected that ESCS will be developed and applied to some more river types within the EUWI+ project. As soon as new monitoring data will be available over the next years, the SWB delineation can be adapted accordingly. While the existing monitoring data are restricted to the biology quality element “macrozoobenthos”, in the future the ESCS will include also other quality elements. Another open issue is the evaluation of the status of provisional HMWB. After the economic analysis and based on further monitoring data, the assignment as natural or heavily modified will have to be evaluated. Concluding, the SWB delineated in this report form a thorough basis for the RMBP but will be reviewed as soon as more data are available.

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11 BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Abbasov, C.R., Economic and Social Geography of the Republic of Azerbaijan [in Azerbaijani], BDU, Baku, 2002. 2. Azgiprovodhoz, Technical Report on Integrated Water Resource Management in Azerbaijan, Azgiprovodhoz [in Azerbaijani], Baku, 2007. 3. Ahmedzade A., and H. Aliyev, Water Use in Azerbaijan, Azerneshr, Baku, 2003. 4. Akhmedov, B. M., and I. G. Agaev, “Mudflow centres in the Kish River basin and measures to combat these” [in Azerbaijani], Collection of Scientific Papers, AzNIG/GM NIO, Vol. 28, pp. 290- 294. 5. Amelioration and Water Economy OJSC, “2010,” Region Plus Magazine, Baku, No. 01, Febru- ary 2006, No. 02 , March 2006, Baku, 2006 6. EU Kura TACIS project. Ansbaek , J., A. Pichugin, P. Roncak, V. Ismayilov, F. Imanov and R. Verdiyev, Pilot River Basin Management Plan for Ganjachay and Ganikh rivers, Baku, 2011. 7. EU EPIRB project webpage (www,blacksea-riverbasins.net) 8. IIHP, international Hydrological Programme, Flash Floods in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones, Tech- nical Documents in Hydrology, No. 23, UNESCO, Paris, 1999. 9. Imanov, F., Minimum Flow of the Caucasus, Baku, 2000. 10. Imanov, F., E. Sultanov and R. Verdiyev, The Ecological Dictionary, Baku, 2010 11. Mamedov, M. A., Hydrography of Azerbaijan, Baku, 2012. 12. Museyibov, M., Physical Geography of Azerbaijan, Baku. 13. Nadirov, A. et al., Economic, Social and Geographical Geography of Azerbaijan [in Azerbaijani], Baku, 2010. 14. Odzhagov, G. O., Management of Emergency Situations [in Azerbaijani], Tahsil, Baku, 2008. 15. Project funded by the EU Trans-Boundary River Management Phase II for the Kura River basin, Public Participation in River Basin Management: Guidelines for Decision Makers. 16. Project of UNDP/SIDA Reducing trans-boundary degradation of the Kura-Aras river basin Phase II, Institutional devices of water sector of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, Tbilisi, 2005. 17. Project of UNDP/SIDA Reducing trans-boundary degradation of the Kura-Aras River Basin Phase II, An estimation of legislative needs for reducing of degradation of the Kura-Aras River Basin, Tbilisi, 2005. 18. Project of IHPA (International Hydrological Program Association)/ECORES Protection of the small rivers flowing into the Caspian Sea, with participation of public, Manual, Baku, 2006. 19. Rustamov, S.G., and R. M. Kashkay, Water Resources of the Azerbaijan SSR, Elm, Baku, 1989. 20. Rustam Rajabov. Thesis of Doctorial Dissertation. Baku, NAS, Geography, Institute, 2017 21. Verdiyev, Rafig, Water Resources of the Eastern Caucasus Rivers under Climate Change, Elm, Baku, 2002. 22. MED, Ministry of Economic Development, Republic of Azerbaijan – official website. http://www.economy.gov.az/ 23. MENR, Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, Azerbaijan – official website. http://www.eco.gov.az/en/#/

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12 ANNEXES Annex 1 GIS shapefiles (separate attachment)

Name of shape DB DB DB Layers 1 Settlement point Type Population Name 2 Rivers Line Name Length DelCode WBCode Criteria Elevation Geology Type Artificial water bod- 3 Line Name Length DelCode Criteria Elevation ies 4 Lakes & HMWB Polygon Name_1 DelCode Criteria Elevation Type

Annex 2 Metadata (separate attachment)

 Delination AWB_map_metadata_final.pdf  Delination AWB_shapefile_metadata_final.pdf  Delination HMWB_map_metadata_final.pdf  Delination HMWB_shapefile_metadata_final.pdf  Delination Typology_map_metadata_final.pdf  Delination Typology_shapefile_metadata_final.pdf  Quality stations_map_metadata_Final.pdf

 Quality stations_shapefile_metadata_Final.pdf  Quantity stations_map_metadata_final.pdf  Quantity stations_shapefile_metadata_Final.pdf

Annex 3 Maps

 River typology  Settlements  Lakes and HMWB  Artificial water bodies

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