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Impact Assessment of Eastern Route of South-To-North Water Diversion Project Operation on Water Environmental of Dongping Lake

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Impact Assessment of Eastern Route of South-To-North Water Diversion Project Operation on Water Environmental of Dongping Lake E3S Web of Conferences 276, 01006 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127601006 WCHBE 2021 Impact Assessment of Eastern Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project Operation on Water Environmental of Dongping Lake BAO Yunxiang1, a* 1 Business School of Hohai University, Nanjing, China Abstract. The Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is a national strategic measure to improve the water supply conditions of the cities along the route, Jiaodong and Huaibei regions. However, the Water Diversion Project not only brings social and economic benefits, but also changes the hydrological situation and ecological environment of water source area, transfer area and receiving area. In this paper, Dongping Lake is selected as the research object. By using the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation method, the index system of the impact assessment of the Eastern route project on the water environment of Dongping Lake is constructed, and a multi-level fuzzy evaluation model is established to conduct quantitative and qualitative research on the impacts of hydrology, meteorology, water ecological environment, soil and other aspects as well as ecological and economic compensation. The analysis results show that the operation of the Eastern route project has brought some negative effects on Dongping Lake, mainly reflected in the aspects of soil, ecological compensation, hydrology and meteorology, and the negative effects on the water ecological environment are light. By studying the impact of the Eastern route project on the water environment of Dongping Lake, this paper aims to improve the environmental impact assessment system for the water receiving area of the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and to provide reference for the research on the environmental impact assessment system for other water diversion projects in China. on the water ecological environment of Nansi Lake. Luo 1 Introduction Hui et al. (2005) [4] studied the water environment quality of Nansi Lake. By predicting and evaluating the water The concept of environmental impact assessment (EIA) environment quality after the implementation of the was first put forward at an international academic South-to-North Water Diversion Project, they finally conference on environmental quality assessment held in reached the conclusion that water transfer would improve Canada in 1964. After nearly 30 years of development, the water environment quality of the lake and restore the more than 100 countries have established EIA system [5] used the [1] degraded ecosystem. Yang Aimin et al. (2011) successively . Governments of various countries attach fuzzy clustering method to analyze the ecological and great importance to the ecological protection of cross- environmental benefits brought by the eastern route of the basin water diversion projects, and have formulated a South-to-North Water Transfer Project to the water series of laws and policies through exploration and [2] demand area, and the analysis results showed that the total research . In 1973, China introduced the concept of value of ecological and environmental benefits in the environmental impact assessment, and established it in the water demand area was 6.233 billion yuan, which form of law through the Environmental Protection Law provided a basis for the formulation of ecological and (Trial Implementation) in 1979. Since then, environmental environmental protection and sustainable management impact assessment system, as one of the "eight systems" strategies and measures of water resources in the South- of environmental management, has played an important to-North Water Transfer Project. However, due to the role in many fields. differences in the nature and regional characteristics of Taking the Eastern route of the South-to-North Water water resources development, there is no unified standard Diversion Project as an example, the environmental for the environmental assessment of inter-basin water impact studies on the eastern route in China are mainly transfer projects in terms of evaluation index, evaluation focused on the Nansi Lake and the Beijing-Hangzhou [3] scope and evaluation focus. Grand Canal. For example, Guo Hua et al. (2013) At present, the environmental impact assessment studied the influence of the Eastern route of South-to- methods for inter-basin water transfer projects mainly North Water Diversion Project on the water environment include matrix analysis method, BP neural network of Nansi Lake, and the research results showed that the method, pollution index method, ISM method and fuzzy Eastern route project would have a certain positive impact *Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 276, 01006 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127601006 WCHBE 2021 comprehensive evaluation method, etc. Zhang Kai et al. 2 Multi-level fuzzy comprehensive [6] (2020) evaluated the local groundwater pollution evaluation model situation by using pollution index method in groundwater pollution assessment and pollution source analysis in a certain region in southwest China, providing theoretical 2.1 Establishment of environmental impact guidance for groundwater pollution prevention and assessment index system control. Pan Liwu et al. (2012) [7] studied the impact of the Three Gorges Project on the ecological environment in the 2.1.1 Principles of evaluation indicators middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River using the Interpreted Structural Model (ISM) method, analyzed and 1) The principle of independence studied the influencing factors and their relationships, and 2) Operational principle pointed out the main influencing factors of the Three The simplicity and feasibility of data collection should Gorges Project on the ecological environment in the be considered when selecting evaluation indexes. middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. He Yu et 3) Representative principle al. (2018) [8] used BP neural network model and The characteristics and changes of the ecological comprehensive index evaluation method to evaluate the environment in the study area should be accurately water quality of the main stream of Nanchong Section of reflected by the indicators. Jialing River, and analyzed the main factors affecting the 4) The principle of hierarchy evolution law of water quality. However, the impact of 5) Combination of qualitative and quantitative inter-basin water transfer projects on the environment is principles multi-level, multi-factor and multi-stage, and its main characteristics are fuzziness and uncertainty. The single qualitative or quantitative evaluation method cannot 2.1.2 Screening of evaluation indexes comprehensively and systematically evaluate the Referring to the evaluation indexes and methods of similar environmental impact of water transfer projects, which water diversion projects, and considering the may lead to the patchiness of evaluation results. The environmental impact that the operation of the Eastern limitation of the pollution index method lies in the lack of route project may have on Dongping Lake, this paper analysis standards, which cannot directly and selects the following indexes to construct the quantitatively express the degree of environmental environmental evaluation index system and reflect the pollution. In the multilevel hierarchical structure characteristics of the water environment of Dongping constructed by ISM method, there is no feedback loop Lake: hydrometeorological, water ecological environment, between different levels, so a systematic and complete soil and ecological economic compensation, etc. evaluation index system cannot be formed. The fuzzy Considering the principle of expert consultation comprehensive evaluation fully considers the correlation method [9] , screening method and selection of evaluation between the parameters, which is convenient for the in- indexes, this paper evaluates the hydrometeorology depth understanding of the comprehensive relationship through the change of water storage, water level, water between the parameters and corresponding standards. transfer period, evaporation, water temperature, velocity Therefore, this article ueses the fuzzy comprehensive and other indexes. The water ecological environment can evaluation method, and combines analytic hierarchy be reflected through the change of water quality, the process (AHP) and fuzzy mathematical evaluation method, change of the number and species of aquatic animals and quantifies the qualitative indexes, and establish a multi- plants. Soil is reflected by soil salinization, swamping, level fuzzy evaluation model, for the operation of the changes in groundwater level and river connectivity. eastern route to Dongping Lake water evaluating and Fishery economic compensation, water landscape analyzing the impact of the ecological environment to a compensation and agricultural irrigation compensation are certain extent, improve the accuracy of the environmental used to reflect ecological economic compensation. impact assessment and practical. It is expected to provide scientific basis and reference for improving the environmental impact assessment system of water transfer 2.1.3 Establishment of evaluation index system across basins. Based on the principles and screening of the above evaluation indexes, the analytic
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