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Abstractbook 20120310 Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Sep 25, 2021 High capacity lab-on-valve bead injection extraction chromatography for radip determinaiton of plutonium in human urine Qiao, Jixin; Hou, Xiaolin; Miró, M.; Cerdà, V.; Roos, Per Published in: Abstracts Publication date: 2012 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Qiao, J., Hou, X., Miró, M., Cerdà, V., & Roos, P. (2012). High capacity lab-on-valve bead injection extraction chromatography for radip determinaiton of plutonium in human urine. In Abstracts American Nuclear Society. http://www.marcconference.org/ General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. American Nuclear Society International Topical Conference ABSTRACTS Ninth International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry MARC IX March 25-30, 2012 KAILUA-KONA, HAWAI’I, USA Log: 105. A BLUEPRINT FOR RADIOANALYTICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS. Kenneth G.W. Inn, NIST. Reference materials are fundamental tools used by low-level environmental measurements laboratories to establish and evaluate analytical methods, test measurement capabilities, compare analytical results over time and between programs, and establish legal confidence in measurement results. Over the past decades low-level environmental reference materials have been developed mostly for environmental monitoring and geosciences. However, more recently radionuclide reference materials have been developed for other communities such as occupational safety, ocean studies, food safety, nuclear power decommissioning, and environmental restoration. Currently, new national and international priorities has resulted in demands for improved, broader, and new environmental reference materials for urban remediation and recovery, radiobioassay, emergency consequence management, and nuclear forensics, attribution, non-proliferation and environmental safeguards. With the application of new generation mass spectrometry to complement traditional radioactivity counting the new reference materials will need to be certified on both the radioactivity and mass basis. The reference material producers will need to be able to keep up with the increasing diversity of needs, and the program directors and measurement community need to communicate their needs early to the producers and support the efforts. It is important to keep in mind that developing good reference materials is a complex process that requires careful metrology and may take a considerable amount of time with a commiserate expense. In this current financial climate, there just aren’t enough resources for each reference material producer to serve all of their potential customers. There is need for communication, coordination and funding among all programs and countries to move the reference material effort into the future. Log: 106. THE URGENT REQUIREMENT FOR NEW RADIOANALYTICAL CERTIFIED REFERENCE MATERIALS FOR NUCLEAR SAFEGUARDS, FORENSICS, AND CONSEQUENCE MANAGEMENT. Kenneth G.W. Inn, NIST. A multi-agency workshop was held from 25–27 August 2009, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), to identify and prioritize the development of radioanalytical Certified Reference Materials (CRMs, generally provided by National Metrology Institutes; Standard Reference Materials, a CRM issued by NIST) for field and laboratory nuclear measurement methods to be used to assess the consequences of a domestic or international nuclear event. Without these CRMs, policy makers concerned with detecting proliferation and trafficking of nuclear materials, attribution and retribution following a nuclear event, and public health consequences of a nuclear event would have difficulty making decisions based on analytical data that would stand up to scientific, public, and judicial scrutiny. The workshop concentrated on three areas: post-incident Improvised Nuclear Device (IND) nuclear forensics, safeguard materials characterization, and consequence management for an IND or a Radiological Dispersion Device detonation scenario. The workshop identified specific CRM requirements to fulfill the needs for these three measurement communities. Of highest priority are: (1) isotope dilution mass spectrometry standards, specifically 233U, 236gNp, 244Pu, and 243Am, used for quantitative analysis of the respective elements that are in critically short supply and in urgent need of replenishment and certification; (2) CRMs that are urgently needed for post- detonation debris analysis of actinides and fission fragments, and (3) CRMs used for destructive and nondestructive analyses for safeguards measurements, and radioisotopes of interest in environmental matrices. Log: 111. PLUTONIUM AND NEODYMIUM REACTIONS WITH BRINE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. Jeff Terry Department of Physics Illinois Institute of Technology. The problem of the disposal of high level waste from commercial nuclear reactors must be solved. The recent incident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear reactor site clearly shows that spent nuclear fuel cannot be stored on-site indefinitely. One possible solution is to dispose of the spent fuel in ancient salt beds. This requires an understanding of the actinide and fission product chemistry at elevated temperature and pressure. The chemistry of plutonium and neodymium with salt brines consistent with the Salado formation in southern New Mexico has been studied with x-ray absorption, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and GC/MS as a function of temperature in order to determine if this formation would be a suitable site for high level commercial waste disposal. To date the chemistry favors the long term reduction of plutonium. This typically leads to less migration in the environment. The results of the chemistry at temperatures up to 100 °C will be presented. Log: 112. IMPROVING NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ACCURACY FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF GOLD IN THE CHARACTERIZATION OF HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS USING A TRIGA REACTOR. Siaka Yusuf; Melinda Krahenbuhl; Bryan Haskins. The Dow Chemical Company. To measure the gold content of a catalyst accurately, Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) is one of the methods of choice. NAA is generally a preferred method, for those who have access to a neutron source, for the measurement of the elemental contents of such heterogeneous catalysts because: 1. NAA requires minimal sample preparation. 2. NAA provides consistent and accurate results. 3. In most cases results are obtained much quicker than competing methods. NAA is also being used as a referee for the other elemental techniques when results do not fall within expected statistical uncertainties. However, at very high gold concentrations, applying NAA to determine the gold in a heterogeneous catalyst is more challenging than a routine NAA procedure. On the one hand, the neutron absorption cross section for gold is very high which easily results in significant self-shielding related errors. On the other hand, gold exhibits low energy resonance neutron absorptions. In this particular application the self-shielding minimization effort was handled more rigorously than the classic simple suppression of neutron flux within a specimen. A non-routine approach was used because: 1) for most applications, high accuracy, better than 3% relative, is desired, 2) the low energy resonances of gold make its neutron reaction rate much more complex and 3) the TRIGA reactor flux profile used in this study contains both thermal and significant epithermal neutron fluxes. Accuracy and precision for gold analysis in heterogeneous catalysts using this new approach is expected to improve from 15% to better than 3% relative uncertainty. This has been accomplished through a rigorous assessment of the observed effects of low energy resonance on the neutron flux spectral-shape within the sample and designing an experiment to minimize the effects. Log: 113. UV/VIS OBSERVATION OF NP REDOX REACTIONS IN IRRADIATED SOLUTION. Bruce J. Mincher, INL; Martin Precek and Alena Paulenova, Oregon State University, Stephen P. Mezyk, Cal State Long Beach. The redox chemistry of neptunium is problematic in fuel cycle separations because Np(V) is inextractable and Np(VI) is extractable in most solvent extraction systems. However, regardless of the initial distribution of neptunium oxidation states, an equilibrium distribution containing both valences is achieved upon irradiation in aqueous nitric acid. This is due to a complicated series of reactions involving both radiolytically-produced free radicals and nitrous acid. Here we have used UV/Vis spectroscopy to follow the oxidation state changes during irradiation with a gamma-ray irradiator, using starting solutions of predominantly Np(V) or Np(VI). In either case, oxidation of Np(V) to Np(VI) occurred initially, until adequate HNO2 grew in to solution to favor Np(V).
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