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Fruits Des Tropiques Petite Flore Vol Fruits des Tropiques Petite flore vol. 2 Fruits des Tropiques Tropical fruits Frutas del Trópico Les 60 espèces de fruits présentées The 60 species of fruit shown in these Las 60 clases de frutas presentadas dans ces pages, sont classées par ordre pages are classified in alphabetical en estas páginas están clasificadas en alphabétique de leur nom botani- order by botanical name (genus and orden alfabético según su nombre bo- que de genre et espèce. Les légendes species). tánico de género y especie. Las leyen- donnent dans l’ordre : le genre et Captions indicate:- the plant’s genus das están presentadas en el siguiente l’espèce de la plante, ses synonymes and species, synonyms and family orden: género y especie de la planta, et la famille à laquelle elle appartient, appurtenance, followed by a short text sinónimos y familia a la cual pertene- puis dans un texte succinct, les noms giving common names, probable or cen, un texto conciso con los nom- usuels les plus fréquemment utilisés, supposed origin, and a short descrip- bres usuales más utilizados, origen l’origine probable ou supposée, une tion, and finally their usual alimentary probable o supuesto, una descripción description sommaire, enfin les usages and medicinal usage. Please note that somera y finalmente el uso más común les plus courants dans l’alimentation these latter indications must not be en la alimentación y en la medicina et la médecine traditionnelle. Atten- used in place of professional medical tradicional. Pero cuidado, ésto no se tion, ces indications ne peuvent en advice. puede sustituir, por ningún motivo, a aucun cas se substituer à l’avis d’un Polynesian proverb: to describe does la opinión de un médico. “Describir médecin. Décrire n’est pas prescrire : not imply to proscribe. no es prescribir”: proverbio polinesio. proverbe Polynésien. We have preferred a photographic Hemos privilegiado la descripción Nous avons privilégié la description description for rapid recognition of fotográfica para un reconocimiento photographique pour une reconnais- each plant, and have chosen those rápido de la planta y hemos selecciona- sance rapide de la plante et sélectionné fruit most often found in West Indian do las frutas que se pueden encontrar les fruits les plus fréquemment ren- market stalls. con mayor frecuencia en los mercados contrés sur les marchés antillais. A multitude of other fruit may be de las Islas del Caribe. Les Tropiques sont riches d’une mul- found in the tropics but these are gen- Las regiones tropicales poseen una titude d’autres fruits, plus ou moins erally less well-known except in the variedad de frutas mucho más rica y connus suivant la région où l’on se particular regions where they grow. extensa. Estas frutas serán el objeto de trouve. Ils feront l’objet d’autres petits These will be described in future otras guías. guides. guides. Esperamos que ésta guía con su sim- Puisse celui-ci, par sa simplicité, May this book, with it’s simple plicidad pueda satisfacer, de la mejor répondre au mieux à la curiosité des approach, answer the curiosity and manera, la curiosidad de los visitan- visiteurs des îles Caraïbes, souvent questions of visitors to the Caribbean tes de las Islas del Caribe, a menudo étonnés et perplexes devant la richesse islands often perplexed by the aston- asombrados y perplejos ante la riqueza des marchés tropicaux. ishing variety of fruit to be found in de los mercados tropicales. tropical market places. Noix de cajou Pòm Kajou Cashew-nut Marañón Ananas Zalanna Pineapple Piña bravo (Bromeliaceaæ ) (Bromeliaceaæ (Anacardiaceæ) . americanum. var Anacardium occidentale Cassuvium pomiferum, Bromelia comosa, A. ananas, A. sativus, A. porteanus, A. striatifolius. L. Syn. Noix de cajou, Pomme cajou, Pom- Marañón, Merey, Cajuil, Cacajuil, Syn Merr. (L.) me d’acajou, Pomme noix. Cashew, Cashew Apple, Cashew Pajuil, Cajueiro. Créole: Pòm Kajou, Nwa kajou. Fruit, Cashew Nut, Cashew-nut tree. Origen: Islas del Caribe. Origine : Antilles. Origin: West Indies Descripción: árbol de zona seca, que puede Description : petit arbre de moins de 10 m ; Description: small tree growing to 10 m alcanzar hasta 10 m de altura; los frutos le fruit jaune ou rouge, juteux, est comes- tall. Propagation by seed; will support jugosos amarillos o rojos son comesti- Anacardium occidentale Ananas comosus tible ; la noix extérieure enveloppée de long dry periods; resists sea spray, the bles ; la nuez exterior, en forma de alubia, Ananas, Ananas panache. Pineapple, Red Pineapple, Sweet Piña bravo, Piña, Piña americana. 2 son brou, en forme de haricot en consti- juicy yellow or orange fruit is edible; the cubierta de un ruezno es la verdadera se- Créole : Anana, Zalanna, Zannann. pine. Origen: América Tropical, esta planta 3 tue la véritable graine. exterior seed is a bean-shaped pod which milla. Origine : Amérique tropicale, cette plante Origin: tropical America. This plant was fue descubierta por Cristóbal Colón en Usage alimentaire : la noix est comestible contains the nut and is attached below Uso alimenticio: la nuez es comestible des- a été découverte par Christophe Colomb discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1493 en el archipiélago de Guadalupe une fois grillée ; très riche en vitamine the fruit. pués de tostarla; el fruto, rico en vitami- en 1493 à la Guadeloupe, où elle était ap- 1493 in Guadeloupe, where the Carib (Francia) en donde los Caribes la llama- C, elle sert à préparer des boissons, de la Alimentary use: the nut is edible when na C, sirve para preparar bebidas, mer- pelée nana par les indiens Caraïbes. Indians called it ‘nana’. ban ‘nana’. confiture et du chutney. grilled; the cashew apple, rich in vitamin meladas y chutney. Usage alimentaire : sa chair est très sucrée Alimentary use: this fruit is very sweet and Uso alimenticio: su pulpa es dulce y aromá- Usage médicinal : les feuilles servent à pré- C, is used to make drinks, jam and chut- Uso medicinal: las hojas sirven para prepa- et très parfumée ; il se consomme nature, has an excellent flavour; it may be used to tica; se puede consumir fresca, en zumo, parer des bains fébrifuges ; la décoction ney. rar baños contra la fiebre; la decocción en jus, cuit ou séché ; en confitures ou en make juice, eaten raw, cooked or dried, cocida o seca, en mermelada o en chut- de l’écorce ou des feuilles est un remède Medicinal use: the leaves are used to pre- de la cáscara o de las hojas es un remedio chutney et rentre dans la composition or used to make jam or chutney; there are ney; forma parte de la composición de de la diarrhée, du diabète et de l’hyper- pare a soothing bath for fevers; the bark para la diarrea, la diabetes y la hiperten- de nombreux plats cuisinés et boissons, many recipes for tarts, savoury dishes, muchísimos platos, bebidas y cócteles tension artérielle. or leaves, in a decoction, are used to treat sión arterial. punch cocktails de fruits (piña colada). drinks and cocktails (in particular piña (piña colada). Dangers : la noix ne doit en aucun cas diarrhoea, diabetes and hypertension. Peligros: la nuez y su ruezno no deben ser Usage médicinal : le fruit vert est un abortif colada). Uso medicinal: la fruta verde es un abortivo être consommée crue avec son brou, car Toxicity: the nut, and especially the pod, consumidos crudos por ningún motivo, réputé ; le fruit mûr est largement utilisé Medicinal use: the green fruit is reputedly reputado; la fruta madura es muy utiliza- elle est très caustique pour la peau et les should never be eaten raw, being ex- ya que son muy cáusticos para la piel y pour ses vertus digestives, laxatives, diu- used for abortions; the ripe fruit is widely da por sus virtudes digestivas, laxativas y muqueuses ; l’huile du brou de noix peut tremely caustic both for skin and mu- las mucosas; el aceite del ruezno se puede rétiques ; la décoction des feuilles est un used for its digestive, laxative and diuret- diuréticas; la decocción de las hojas es un être appliquée sur les verrues et les cors. cous; the oil from this pod may be used aplicar en las verrugas o en los callos. remède des ‘blesses’. ic properties; the leaves, may be used in a remedio para los ‘blesses’ (traumatismos, to ‘burn’ warts and corns. decoction to cure ‘small wounds’ ! golpes violentos) Tamarin Tamaren bòd lanmè Sweet Tamarind Tamarindo Cacao Kako Cocoa Cacao Cacao. Créole : Kako. Origine : Bassin amazonien Description : arbuste ou petit arbre de 4 à 10 m aux fruits verts, orangé ou bruns ; le fruit s’appelle cabosse, la partie comestible est la fève ou amande. Usage alimentaire : comme pour le café une longue préparation est nécessaire avant d’obtenir chocolat, beurre de cacao, bois- sons, confiserie, pâtisserie, glaces et certains plats cuisinés. Usage médicinal : les graines contiennent de la caféine et de la théobromine considérées sont sudorifiques et stimulantes ; les feuilles entrent dans la composition de bains aromatiques ; la pulpe sert à embellir les cheveux. (Caesalpiniaceæ) Cocoa, God’s Tree, Chocolate Tree. Origin: Amazonian basin. Description: bush or small tree 4 to 10 m tall with green, orangish or brown fruit; the fruit is called the pod, and the edible part is the bean or almond. Alimentary use: as for coffee, careful preparation is required be- fore using to make chocolate, chocolate butter, drinks, choco- Tamarindus officinalisTamarindus late sweets, pastries, ice-creams and certain cooked dishes. Medicinal use: the seeds contain caffeine and theobromine which are accepted as sudorifics and stimulants; the leaves are used in the preparation of aromatic baths; the pulp to beautify the hair. Tamarin, Tamarin bord de mer, Ta- Cacao, Cacaotero, Cacau. Tamarind, Sweet Tamarind, Indian Tamarindus occidentalis,Tamarindus marin petites feuilles.
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