1 New insights on real-world human face recognition Christel Devue*, Annabelle Wride, and Gina M. Grimshaw School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington This document is a preprint version of a paper accepted in Journal of Experimental Psychology: General © 2018, American Psychological Association. This paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly replicate the final, authoritative version of the article. Please do not copy or cite without authors permission. The final article will be available, upon publication, via its DOI: 10.1037/xge0000493 *Corresponding author: Christel Devue, PO Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand. Phone: +64(0)4 463 5898. Email:
[email protected]. 2 Abstract Humans are supposedly expert in face recognition. Because of limitations in existing research paradigms, little is known about how faces become familiar in the real world, or the mechanisms that distinguish good from poor recognisers. Here, we capitalised on several unique features of the television series Game of Thrones to develop a highly challenging test of face recognition that is ecologically grounded and yet controls for important factors that affect familiarity. We show that familiarisation with faces and reliable person identification require much more exposure than previously suggested. Recognition is impaired by the mere passage of time and simple changes in appearance, even for faces we have seen frequently. Good recognisers are distinguished not by the number of faces they recognise, but by their ability to reject novel faces as unfamiliar. Importantly, individuals with superior recognition abilities also forget faces and are not immune to identification errors. 3 New insights on real-world human face recognition Human face recognition abilities present an interesting paradox.