FREEDOM, FRIENDSHIP, and CHARITY 2021 129th Great Council Session Great Council of the Improved Order of Red Men

46th Session National Degree of Pocahontas

September 26 - October 1, 2021

Grand Hotel & Spa 2100 Baltimore Ave. Ocean City, MD 21842 410.289.6191

Greetings From Your Great Incohonee

To all members of the Improved Order of Red Men and Degree of Pocahontas. My first year in office was very active with travelling to Maine and Delaware in 2018. In 2019 I traveled to , California, Connecticut, Indiana, Pennsyl- vania, and Maryland. I also attended Red Men’s Day at Arlington in 2019 for the laying of the wreath ceremony.

My national project at Valley Forge is going well. Thank you, Brothers and Sisters, for all your help.

I would like to thank all my Deputy Great Incohonees for a job well done. We had a few problems, and some have been corrected. The rest are a work in progress.

The year of 2020, as we all know, made it impossible to travel and meet with the tribes and councils. The Board of Great Chiefs was in contact with each other and did what we could under those trying circumstances.

In September 2020 I attended the Finance Committee Audit in Waco, TX and also met with Brother Harrison and Joseph Winslow, GKW GCUS concerning the lease for the Great Council office. We signed a one-year lease and will be meeting again to renegotiate our lease terms.

Due to the resignation of Brother Brad Buchanan as Great Chief of Records, GCUS, I appointed PGS William Willey to fill his post until our next Great Council of the United States national session. I would like to thank Brother Brad for all his dedication for all the years of service.

I also appointed National Pocahontas Jeannie Miller as chairperson for the National Alzheimer’s Charity Committee, due to the passing of PNP Frances Andrews.

My prayers go out to all the families of the brothers and sisters we lost due to health problems and to Covid-19. They will be greatly missed.

Continued on Page 3 2 Page Red Men Newsletter

Greetings From Your Great Incohonee

I have been notified that a few states are going to have their conventions this year. I am planning to attend as many as possible.

In closing, I want to let all the brothers and sisters know I am as close as the phone if any of you need to get in touch with me at any time with any problems or if you just want to talk.

Yours in Freedom, Friendship and Charity,

Eugene Truax, Great Incohonee.

Red Men Newsletter Page 3 Message from your National Pocahontas

Happy New Year!

I am very glad to say farewell to 2020. I am hoping in 2021 we will be able to return to a degree of normalcy. Serving a third year as National Pocahontas was not something I envisioned when I began my term in 2018, but none of us could have predicted 2020. We are all doing what needs to be done. No Great Council Sessions were held this year (not sure about Alaska). Many Tribes and Councils have not been able to meet since March 2020, but I have seen posts on Facebook from some that have been able to hold various activities. Thanks for sharing and please continue. It allows us to keep in touch. I have missed traveling and seeing my friends. The Order is my extended family and I can’t wait to “Get on the Road Again.” 2020 has brought heartbreak to many in our order. My prayers go out to those that have lost loved ones this past year. In many instances, due to Covid-19 we were not able to grieve as we normally would. Four Past National Officers went to the land of Ponema. PNP Cathey Betts- Mylod from Delaware, PNP Fran Andrews from Maryland, PGI Paul Sadowski from Massachusetts, and PGI Charles Johnson from North Carolina. Each was an asset to our order and will be missed. I also lost a dear friend, PGP Pat Rust from Delaware and my sister Kathy. Since our National Session was canceled my membership program will be extended until September 1, 2021. If any council has taken in new members since September 1, 2020 please send their names to NKR Pam Parker. Up- dated forms have been sent to the Great Keepers of Records to be distributed to the councils.

Continued on Page 5

4 Page Red Men Newsletter Message from your National Pocahontas

In closing I’d like to share this poem I found. A Rainbow of Hope God will paint rainbows in the sky Once again for the world and I Signs that will tell us all is well Freedom from this grim living hell I know one day the sun will shine Dark clouds above will disappear with time Some won’t make the journey home Some will sadly die all alone But just like time, all things will pass For nothing’s ever made to last Then once again we’ll be on our way When dawn awakes to a bright new day The streets will come alive again Shops will open, buzzing again But the best moments will be when Family and friends meet again

Yours in Freedom, Friendship & Charity,

Jeannie Miller National Pocahontas

Red Men Newsletter Page 5

January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020 State Memo Amount CA DOP Charlotte York, PNP ILM PGS Paul Haun, PGS Robert 125.00 Robins, PGI Paul Sadowski, PGP Kathryn Parra and PNP Frances Andrews Past Great Pocahontas of California - ILM PGP Kathryn 50.00 Parra and PNP Frances Andrews Total CA DOP 175.00

CA IORM CA IORM Alzheimer Donation 160.00 Total CA IORM 160.00

CT IORM Nonnawauk Tribe #9 1,000.00 CT IORM Alzheimer Donation 2,000.00 Total CT IORM 3,000.00

IN DOP IN D of P Alzheimer Donation 25.00 Total IN DOP 25.00

IN IORM Harold Damron Donation (Conawaugh Tribe #518) 20.00 Conawaugh Tribe #518 - Phillip Riedel 50.00 Conawaugh Tribe #518 - Delmar Bryant 5.00 Oshawnee Tribe #220 - ILM Viola Huber 500.00 Total IN IORM 575.00

MD DOP Frances Andrews, PNP - ILM Pat Rust, PGP and Friend 50.00 Roger Kober MD D of P Alzheimer Donation 1,234.51 MD D of P Alzheimer Donation - In Loving Memory of PNP 100.00 Frances Andrews Past Sachems Past Pocahontas of Tony Tank Tribe #149 - 25.00 ILM PNP Frances Andrews Past Sachems Past Pocahontas of Tony Tank Tribe #149 - 25.00 ILM PGP Pat Scharf Total MD DOP 1,434.51 6 Page Red Men Newsletter State Memo Amount MD IORM Chippewa Tribe #17 - ILM Fern Hines 300.00 MD IORM Alzheimer Donation 1,235.00 Tony Tank Tribe #149 3,000.00 PNP Rose Neff & PGI C. Edward Neff - ILM Frances An- 25.00 drews, PNP PNP Rose Neff & PGI C. Edward Neff - ILM Paul Sadows- 25.00 ki, PGI Total MD IORM 4,585.00

MA DOP MA D of P Alzheimer Donation 25.00 Elizabeth Allen - ILM PGI Paul Sadowski 100.00 Janice and Franklin Harris - ILM PGI Paul Sadowski 100.00 Paula Craig & Arthur Pisani - ILM PGI Paul Sadowski 250.00 Wampanoag Council #15 - ILM PNP Fran Andrews 20.00 Total MA DOP 495.00

MA IORM Frank Towle 20.00 MA IORM Alzheimer Donation 25.00 Mark Auerbach - ILM Paul Sadowski, PGI 50.00 Joan Hutchinson & Kate Campbell - ILM PGI Paul Sad- 50.00 owski Total MA IORM 145.00

MN IORM Calumet Tribe #53 200.00 Total MN IORM 200.00

PA DOP Ocklokonee Council #212 500.00 Total PA DOP 500.00

PA IORM Ocklokonee Tribe #212 500.00 Total PA IORM 500.00

Red Men Newsletter Page 7 State Memo Amount VA IORM VA IORM Alzheimer Donation 1,000.00 Poquoson Tribe #124 3,000.00 Total VA IORM 4,000.00

DONATION--ALZHEIMERS - Other

Donations from the Red Men Museum & Library 60.00 Donations from the Red Men Museum & Library 100.00 Total DONATION--ALZHEIMERS - Other 160.00

Total Donations 15,954.51

Guidelines For submitting pictures to the Red Men Magazine

1. Pictures cut from newspapers or magazines do not reproduce well. Try to get the original picture or digital file if possible.

2. Pictures should not be blurry or dark. Sometimes they can be lightened at the production state, but often they are just too bad to get detail. Take pictures close to your subject and avoid those across the room shots, which make it had to identify your subject.

3. Pictures taken with digital cameras: set the resolution to the maximum setting. Pictures that are taken at lower resolutions get wormy lines in them and pixilated edges, as well as loss of detail.

4. If scanning professionally printed pictures, set your scanner resolution to at least 300 dpi and save the result- ing file as a .jpg or .pdf file.

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6. Any copy that accompanies the pictures should be sent with the pictures (stories, photo captions, etc.) and so labeled. Be sure to identify the people in the pictures. You may know who they are, but someone else may not recognize them.

7. Deadlines for submissions to the Red Men Magazine will always be December 31st of each year.

8 Page Red Men Newsletter Improved Order of Red Men Fraternal Dead January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020

Past Great Incohonees State Name Date Massachusetts PGI Paul Sadowski September 3, 2020 North Carolina PGI Charles Johnson December 11, 2020

State Name Date

California PGS Paul Haunt July 26, 2020 PGS Robert Robins August 12, 2020 New Jersey PGS Greg Soroka October 13, 2020

West Virginia PGS Samuel L. Harwick November 2, 2020

Red Men Newsletter Page 9 Degree of Pocahontas Fraternal Dead January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020

Past National Pocahontas State Name Date Delaware PNP Cathey Betts-Mylod June 10, 2020 Maryland PNP Frances Andrews August 2, 2020

State Name Date

California PGP Shirley Darling January 22, 2020 PNP Kathryn Parra August 6, 2020

Delaware

PGP Patricia Rust January 31, 2020

Indiana PGP Cora Williams January 23, 2020

New Jersey PGP Helen Weingart June 14, 2020

New York PGP Virginia Kearns March 20, 2020

10 Page Red Men Newsletter

ROCKY MOUNT – Charles M. Johnson, age 99, passed away peacefully on Friday, December 11, 2020. Born in Johnston County, NC on October 12, 1921, he was the son of the late Luther Albert Johnson and Mamie Ford Johnson. He is predeceased by his wife of 69 years, Evelyn G. Johnson; his sisters, Eva J. Raynor, Ann J. Jahn, Lettie J. Jenkins, Mary J. Barr, and Ruth J. Lynch; his brothers, L.A. Johnson, Irvin B. Johnson, and Earnest Johnson.

Charles M. Johnson of Rocky Mount received The Order of The Long Leaf Pine bestowed by Gover- nor Beverly Perdue to honor his service to the State of North Carolina. Johnson retired after a career of 40 years with the NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources. He was presented the award by Terry Pierce, Division Director of Environmental Health, at a retirement event on September 13, 2011. The Order of The Long Leaf Pine is one of the highest honors the governor can bestow on a North Carolina resident. In addition to being an advocate throughout his career for the well-being of the citizens of the State, Johnson shared a lifetime of exceptional leadership and unselfish contributions to the community, state, and nation. A 1938 graduate of Benvenue High School, Johnson volunteered for military service in World War II into the Untied States Army Air Corps in the field of electronics and radar. He was among the 40 members of his unit to be chosen to continue his education at the Univer- sity of Geneva in Switzerland. Johnson was a life member of the VFW, the DAV, and a member of the American legion. Since 1947, Johnson was active in the Improved Order of Red Men, the oldest patriotic fraternity of original American heritage committed to the high ideals of freedom, friendship, and charity. He served as national president of the organization from 1982 until 1984. In 1987, the local organization established the Charles M. Johnson – Improved Order of Red Men Apache Tribe 2 Scholarship at Nash Community College to recognize academic achievement. Johnson received the National Improved Order of Red Men Freedom Award in 1995 in honor of his service and dedication. Active in the North Carolina Democratic Party since 1978, Johnson served on the executive and finance committees and attended various events and conventions. In addition, Johnson served as a delegate to every Demo- cratic National Convention since 1988 until 2012. Johnson served on the Nash County Board of Educa- tion in 1966 and supported the establishment of Nash Technical Institute in 1967. He was appointed to the Nash Community College Board of Trustees from 1983-1991 by Governor Jim Hunt and served on the NCC Foundation Board of Directors from 1990-1997. He and his late wife, Evelyn were passion- ate about education and over the years established multiple scholarships at Nash Community College. Johnson also served on the Rocky Mount Planning Board, the NC Therapeutic Recreation Certification Board, and the NC Nursing Home Certification Board. Johnson was a past national president of the International Association of Bedding and Furniture Law Officials. He was a member of the Rocky Mount Rotary and appointed most recently by Governor Cooper to the Council on Aging.

Charlie is survived by his daughters, Jean Griffin and her husband, Ray of Rocky Mount, Trudy Col- lier and her husband, Jerry of Nashville; his grandchildren, Crystal James and her husband, Benton of Hoboken, NJ, Terry Stroud of Wilson; his great-grandchildren, Brittany Stroud and Dylan Stroud; his great great-grandchildren, Gracie Stroud and Sarah Stroud; and several nieces and nephews.

Red Men Newsletter Page 11

Paul Sadowski, age 81, of Wilmington, passed away September 3, 2020, following a brief illness. He was the cherished husband of Joan M. (Allen) Sadowski with whom he had shared 59 years of marriage.

Born in New Bedford, MA where he spent his early childhood, he was the son of the late Joseph A. and Florence (Bach) Sadowski.

Paul grew up in Somerville; graduated from Somerville High School and went on to Suffolk University for several years. He later served in the US Army during the be- ginning of the Vietnam War. For many years thereafter, he worked for General Oil in Medford, whose name evolved to Alliance Oil, initially delivering oil , then as an oil burner technician and he ended his career as a technician for commercial heating.

Paul and Joan lived in the Town of Wilmington for 48 years. At one time Paul had been very involved in the Town 's politics.

He was a longtime member of the Improved Order of Redmen in Stoneham. He still retained friendships with many its members .

In addition to his wife Joan, he leaves his sister, Paula Craig and her husband Arthur Pisani of Florida; many nieces and nephews and in-laws Judi and Mark Auerbach, Janice and Frank Harris, John and Joan Allen all of Florida and Betty Allen of New Hampshire.

12 Page Red Men Newsletter Catherine W. Betts-Mylod passed away peacefully at home on Wednesday, June 10, 2020.

Cathey worked for many years as a Key Punch Operator Supervisor with the US Govern- ment Civil Service. After the death of her first husband Cathey shared her grief experi- ence as a counselor for Delaware Hospice for many years.

She was a member of Bethesda U.M. Church and later attended Wesley U.M. Church. Cathey was a member of Pocahontas of Anona Council #11 and was elected Delaware’s first national Pocahontas serving from 2006-2008. As a person who enjoyed social inter- actions, Cathey enjoyed planning and coordinating activities with her hospice groups, her Red Hat Ladies group and with her neighbors in Cinderberry.

Cathey especially enjoyed spending time with her family, spoiling her pets, travelling, and watching and feeding hummingbirds.

Cathey was preceded in death by her parents, Myron and Lola Ellen (Bowery) Wilkes; her first husband, Robert E. Betts, Sr., (1999); two brothers, David Wilkes and Herman Wilkes; a sister-in-law, Genie Wilkes; a step-son, Robert Betts; and step-grandson, Roger Betts.

She is survived by her husband of 10 years, Robert T. Mylod; a daughter, Ellen Pride and husband Jim, Sr.; a step-daughter-in-law, Maria Betts of Texas; son, Butch Humphries of Louisiana; granddaughter, Kelly Hayes and her significant other, Kevin; one great grand- son, Racyn Hayes; bonus great-granddaughters, Ashley & Macey Hayes; her nephew, Donnie Betts and wife Linda, and their family; her nieces, Cathy Schaefer and Connie Williams and their families of Iowa; step-grandson, Jim Pride, Jr.; step-great-grandson, Major Pride; step-grandson, Rob Betts and family; The Mylod family, Meredith Meindl and husband Don, their daughter Cheryl, and grandchildren, Carmella and Robert of Virginia; Irene Raine and husband Michael; and Rob Mylod of Georgia; her dog, Biscuit; a special caretaker, Beatrice; and a host of extended family and friends.

Red Men Newsletter Page 13 On August 2, 2020 Past National Pocahontas Fran Andrews was taken by the Great Spirit to the land of Ponemah. Sister Fran was a devoted member of the order for 60 plus years. She joined Silver Cloud Council #24 in Annapolis Maryland, then in 1963 the Great Council of Maryland. After becoming a Past Great Pocahontas in 1967, Sister Fran joined the National Degree of Pocahontas in September 1968, becoming a Past National Pocahontas in 1978.

During her years in the order Sister Fran received many awards including Mary- land Pocahontas of the Year, Maryland’s Golden Moccasin award, National Freedoms Foundation and National Freedom awards.

Sister Fran was loved throughout the Great Reservation of the United States. She made friendships that lasted a lifetime. Until her health started to fail, she traveled to as many Great Council sessions as she could each year. She always had a warm smile, words of wisdom, and handouts to help with everything from getting new members to parliamentary procedure. One of Sister Fran’s proudest moments was helping to insti- tute the Great Council of Texas DOP.

Sister Fran will probably be best remembered as having her hand stretched out to receive those Alzheimer’s donations. She was appointed Chairperson of the National Charity Committee in 2010, a position she held until her death. Under her guidance the donations reached the $3,000,000 mark in 2018. She was grateful for every dollar that was raised by the members of the Order.

She will be missed by all that knew and loved her. Rest in peace Frannie until we meet again.

14 Page Red Men Newsletter THE MOTTO OR PRECEPTS OF THE ORDER FREEDOM We endeavor to preserve and uphold the American way of life and its guarantee of liberty. Free­dom has been the hope and aim of the oppressed of every land. It is now the proud boast of every Ameri­can. We dedicate our lives to its maintenance.

FRIENDSHIP It is the binding link and unswerving loyalty of one to another, which makes sweet and lasting the relation­ship that one member bears to another.

CHARITY Is giving with an open hand and willing heart in time of need, assistance to the weak or unfor- tunate and measured not by wealth but by moral worth. Charity exemplifies the Brotherhood of Man

DEADLINE FOR NEXT ISSUE IS DECEMBER 31, 2021

Mail all news, pictures (black and white or color) to the National Office, 4521 Speight Avenue, Waco, TX 76711-1708. Contact the National Office, (254) 732-5365, for deadline information. In order to have a picture returned to you, please enclose self-addressed, stamped envelope with postage attached. Place your name and address on the back of the photo. Information may also be sent by e-mail as an attachment. Please e-mail pictures as attachments and not embedded in the e-mail. In the body of the e-mail put your description along with the matching picture number.

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Red Men Newsletter Page 15 News from The Red Men Museum and Library Beyond the Borders Red Men Influence Across the Globe

Red Men have had an influence in the past in several areas beyond the “lower forty-eight” states. Al- though some of the work did not last long, it was important to the area at the time and to the men and women who belonged. Archival material is needed for all four of these areas. The earliest work beyond the borders was in 1877, in Hawai’i.

The Territory of Hawai’i (Annexed July 1898) The Order was introduced into the Sandwich Islands by Great Incohonee Adam Smith, who personally kindled the council fire of Hawaiian Tribe No. 1 at Honolulu on March 12, 1877, with ten charter mem- bers. IORM was the first fraternal group in the islands. It was reorganized in 1887, but continued only a short while. An application was received by the Great Council of the United States in 1897 to reinstitute the defunct Hawaiian Tribe No. 1 and this was accomplished in July of that year. Tribes and councils include: Hawaiian Tribe No. 1, Honolulu (1897-1991) Powhattan Tribe No. 2, Honolulu (1903-1906) Maui Tribe No. 2, Wailuku/Kahului (1921-1976) ------Maui Council No. 1, D of P, Kahului (1948-1976) Hawaiian Council No. 2, D of P, Honolulu (1949-1957) The Great Council of Hawaii was formed in August of 1957. Their provisional charter was surrendered in 1964 and the remaining tribes went back under the jurisdiction of the Great Council of the United States. Red Men work in Hawaii ended in April 1991 when the last tribe, Hawaiian Tribe No. 1, surrendered its charter.

Ontario, Canada The Province of Ontario was placed under the jurisdiction of the Great Council of New York in 1887 and its great chiefs organized Missiosigee Tribe No. 1 at Toronto in August, with 54 charter members. The raising was done by the Chicago Degree Team. The tribe was short-lived, however, and the council fire was quenched in 1890. ------● ------In response to requests from men serving in the military and conducting business in the various new possessions and territories of the United States, the Great Council of the United States in its session in 1899 in Washington, D.C., passed a motion stating that “the time is not ripe for such action [application

16 Page Red Men Newsletter News from The Red Men Museum and Library for charters for Tribes in the so-called “New Possessions”], inasmuch as the affairs in Porto Rico and the Philippines are not in a sufficiently settled condition to warrant the establishment there in of any branch of the Order.” Interestingly, at the end of this same session, the Board of Great Chiefs was authorized to grant a charter for the establishment of a tribe in Manila, Philippine Islands (Apache Tribe No. 1). In 1898, there had been mention of a desire to establish a tribe in Cuba, but not enough members sur- vived or stayed there long enough to accomplish this and the matter was dropped.

The Philippine Islands (Occupied August 1898) The request for the formation of IORM tribes in the islands came in June 1899, from George F. Lee, Chief Signal Officer,th 8 Army Corps. Apache Tribe No. 1 was instituted in Manila in May 1900. It was made up of men in the 11th U.S. Infantry from Fort Apache, Arizona. All 33 were Red Men and were transferred to the Philippines in 1900. Lee had written to the Great Council of the United States to ask if their charter could be transferred and the tribe kept intact. By 1904, there were five tribes in the Philippines with a membership of over 400. Those in Manila met in the “walled city.” The other two in Manila were Aztec Tribe No. 3 (instituted 1901, defunct 1905) and Tribe No. 4 (instituted 1903, consolidated with Apache Tribe No. 1, 1907). The two tribes outside Manila were in Iloilo, Panay (Comanche Tribe No. 2, instituted 1901, defunct 1904) and in Tacloban, Leyte (Tenieya Tribe No. 5, instituted 1904, defunct 1907). In 1902, Company A, 1st Regiment of the Red Men’s League was also established in Manila. One other group, Mohawk Tribe No. 6, was instituted in 1909, at Olongapo. However, it was defunct by 1930. After the Japanese forces overtook the islands in January 1942, there was no contact with the remain- ing tribe, Apache Tribe No. 1. All Red Men work in the Philippines was declared defunct in June 1946.

Department of Alaska (Purchased August 1867) The Order was introduced into the in August 1899 when Taku Tribe No. 1 was instituted in Juneau with 32 charter members and Hoonah Tribe No. 2 was instituted at Douglas City. The Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and the Elks were already established there.

Tribes and councils include: Taku Tribe No. 1, Juneau (1899-1909) Hoonah Tribe No. 2, Douglas City (1899-1903) Chilkat Tribe No. 3, Skagway (1900-1903) Thlinket Tribe No. 4, Ketchikan (1900 – present) Stikine Tribe No. 5, Wrangell (1904-1971)

Red Men Newsletter Page 17 News from The Red Men Museum and Library

Chetuthutlie Tribe No. 6, Eagle (1904-1944) Auk Tribe No. 7, Douglas (1908-1915) Onandaga Tribe No. 8, Haines (1911-1912) (migratory) Chilkat Tribe No. 9, Haines (1911-1936) ------Tongass Council No. 1, Ketchikan (1901-1918) Kohwee Council No. 2, Douglas (1910-1912) Nahenee Council No. 1, Wrangell (1949-1972) Thlinket Council No. 2, Ketchikan (1949-1999) An interesting side note involves the short-lived concept of “migratory tribes.” These were authorized in 1911, under the jurisdiction of the Great Council of the United States, to solve the problem of tribes at- tached to military installations. When transferred, the tribe could migrate and exist and operate wherever the unit might be stationed. Onondaga Tribe No. 8 of Haines, Alaska, (16th Infantry Regiment) was just such a migratory tribe. They were originally at Fort Crook, Nebraska, before being moved to Alaska, but were later moved to San Francisco, California (1912), and then to El Paso, Texas. The only one of these “outside of the border” areas covered in this article in which Red Men work is still ongoing is in Alaska with Thlinket Tribe No. 4 of Ketchikan. Of course, Alaska went on to become the 49th state in January 1959.

The (Created November 1903) The suggestion for establishing IORM tribes in the Canal Zone was first mentioned in the 1905 GCUS Record. The first tribe in the Canal Zone was a Red Men’s Club in Culebra, instituted in September 1905. It was transformed into Chiriqui Tribe No. 1 in January 1906, with 98 charter members. This was the first fraternal organization established in Panama. Several others followed. The report of Tribes Under the Jurisdiction of G.C.U.S. in 1906 stated “Three tribes and one Council, D. of P., are now prospering in the Canal Zone, and the Improved Order of Red Men has about 300 mem- bers in this new American possession…” Most of the members were either in the military or working for the United States government. Tribes and councils include: 1906 Chiriqui Tribe No. 1 at Culebra San Blas Tribe No. 2 at Cristobal Cocles Tribe No. 3 at Empire Aztec Tribe No. 4 at Pedro Miguel Cholo Tribe No. 5 at Gorgona ------Alfaretta Council No. 1, D. of P., at Culebra (to 1914) 1907 Incas Tribe No. 6 at Gatun

18 Page Red Men Newsletter News from The Red Men Museum and Library Carib Tribe No. 7 at Las Cascades 1908 Panama Tribe No. 8 at La Boca ------Osceola Council No. 2, D. of P., at Cristobal (to 1913) Red Men work in the Canal Zone seemed stable for a time because Chiriqui Tribe No. 1 also instituted a Haymakers’ Association loft and there was a Past Sachem’s Association active there. The Red Men in Cristobal erected a 25-foot Memorial Monument on their 200 square foot plot at the Mount Hope Cemetery on Monkey Hill to the memory of the Red Men in the Zone who had died. Sup- posedly, that monument still stands today, although it, and the cemetery, are in poor condition. Because he could not get accurate information about the Order in Panama, the Great Incohonee paid a visit there in 1913. Ongoing construction on the canal and the closing of towns in the zone had caused almost all of the tribes to be in disarray. As a result of his findings, he consolidated Chiriqui and Incas tribes into Chiriqui Tribe No. 1, located at Gatun. He then consolidated San Blas, Cholo, and Panama tribes into Panama Tribe No. 8, located at Ancon. He also consolidated Aztec and Carib tribes into Carib Tribe No. 7, located at Las Cascades. However, in 1914, tribes were once again consolidated – No.1, No. 3, and No. 8 into Panama Tribe No. 8. And then in 1915, Carib Tribe No. 7 was consolidated into Panama Tribe No. 8. Panama Tribe No. 8 of Balboa (formerly La Boca) finally went defunct in 1918, thus ending Red Men work in the Canal Zone. This article originally appeared in the Red Men Magazine in 2011.

David Lintz, Director Red Men Museum and Library

Red Men Newsletter Page 19