January/April 1999

Vol. 32 • No. 1-2 January/April 1999 NAVA TO MEET IN AUGUST The 33rd Annual Convention of the proposed amendments to the bylaws Dick Gideon and the organizer North American Vexillological Asso- and the adoption of our annual bud- extraordinaire of the ICV, Chantal ciation will take place concurrently get will take place at the Annual Webb for all their fine work. Thanks with the 18th International Congress Meeting session on 1 August. The go also to the dozens of other volun- of in Victoria, British Co- Executive Board will meet twice, as teers without whom this organization lumbia. The dates are Wednesday, is traditional; once before the open- would not function. 28 July through Monday, 2 August ing of the Congress (Wednesday Pro vexillis! 1999. The Congress formally opens night, 28 July) and once after the at 9 a.m. (0900 hrs.) on Thursday, formal closing of the Convention (be- NOTICE of 1999 NAVA 29 July 1999. NAVA’s Annual Meet- cause of other scheduling conflicts, ANNUAL MEETING the NAVA Convention will be formally ing is scheduled for Sunday night, 1 As required by the NAVA bylaws, I notify you August 1999 at 6 p.m. (1800 hrs) closed following the Annual Meeting of the following: local time. on 1 August thereby allowing the Members are reminded there will new Board to convene that night). Annual Meeting NOT be an October meeting this The Congress itself closes on 2 Au- The 33rd Annual Meeting of the North year. Elections of officers, reports, gust at 2:30 p.m. (1430 hrs). American Vexillological Association will be All members are urged to attend held in the ABC Breakout Room of the Lau- this fantastic opportunity to host/ rel Point Inn, 608 Street, Victoria, NEW EDITOR meet fellow vexillologists from all BC, Canada on 1 August 1999 at 6:00 pm over the world. It will be a chance local time. SOUGHT that will not be repeated for many Voting years to show the world community NAVA News is looking for a new edi- Only active members and organizational North American hospitality and tor. Duties to include determining comraderie. members who have appointed a voting repre- editorial content with the advice of Receptions and tours have been sentative may vote at the annual meeting. the NAVA Publications Committee, arranged; Carey Castle, Maritime Proxy voting by members is not permitted. arranging for layout and design of Museum of , Christ Organizational members who wish to desig- each issue in a timely manner, re- Church Cathedral, Legislative Build- nate a representative to change their repre- ceiving and responding to authors ings and a Farewell luncheon at the sentative should immediately contact the and letters to the editor, determin- Crystal Gardens Ballroom with the NAVA Secretary. ing articles and columns for each of Canada. Many pa- Elections issue, arranging for production and pers will be presented and a few The nominating committee’s proposed slate mailing of each issue. The editor will seminars will be conducted. More of officers and the executive board’s proposed details are available from the Con- be assisted by the NAVA Board and slate of nominating committee members for gress organizing committee. the Publications Committee to a de- We are pleased to announce the 1999-2000 can be found on page 3. gree required by the editor and as NAVA Web site has won an award, Bylaws amendments agreed by the individual committee the Links2Go Key Resource Award, Proposed bylaws amendments to be voted on and board members. granted to no more than 50 sites in at the annual meeting can be found on page Those who may be interested in this each catagory from among millions 14. The current text of the bylaws is available volunteer position may contact the of sites evaluated. The award is at http://www.nava.org/bylaws.htm or by NAVA President: based on the number of links back request from the Secretary. David Martucci to the site and the number of refer- Respectfully submitted, ences to it, so, if you have a web site, 240 Calderwood Rd Truman Pope, Secretary please feel free to link to http:// 5400 S Burlington Dr Washington ME 04574 www.nava.org/ whenever you can! Muncie IN 47302 USA (207) 845-2857 The NAVA Board would like to es- [email protected] pecially thank our new web master, (765) 288-0107 (voice), (765) 287-2500 (FAX) —1— [email protected] NAVA News 32/1-2 The of the Maritime Republic of Eastport By Harry Oswald There are many different types of . “When in the course of Public Works it Early in 1998, a unique or at least rare type becomes necessary to dismantle the Bridge of flag was unfurled: the Maritime Repub- connecting the Eastport Peninsula with the An- lic of Eastport. Few of you may have heard napolis Mainland, it is fitting that we, the of Eastport or know where it is. It is a small People of the Neighborhood of Eastport, also residential community located on a penin- dismantle and by doing so dissolve the social, sula on the West side of Chesapeake Bay. economic and political bands as well as the Its Northern boundary is Spa Creek and the physical bands which have connected us. We City of Annapolis. Most Americans are fa- hold these truths to be self evident, that all miliar with Annapolis - it is the Capital of men and women are created equal as evi- , home of the United States Na- denced by the fact that, no matter their social val Academy, site of the signing of the or economic status, they all wear the same Treaty of Paris in 1783, and was for a short beat-up deck shoes. That they are endowed time, the Capital of the United States. by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, Among boaters it is famous for the Annapolis Boat Shows and the An- that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. That is to napolis Yacht Club. Some vexillologists know it as the home of the Shaw say, to get a Life and enjoy our Work as well as the jovial companionship Flag, which was recreated with the assistance of former NAVA president of Family and Friends; Liberty from suits, ties and socks; and the Pursuit Grace Cooper, an authority on 13- flags. Eastport, once an independent of prize Rockfish, the Finish Gun, two-week cruises, Crabs, Beer and Oys- community, was annexed to the City of Annapolis in 1951. ters. That to secure these rights, a new government shall be instituted among Late last year, the Maryland Department of Transportation announced us, deriving its powers from the consent of the Governed as well as the that the Spa Creek Bridge would have to be closed for several weeks in impetus of the Governed to thumb their noses at the establishment. That January to make needed repairs. The bridge is located near the mouth of two score and seven years ago, we the People of Eastport were annexed Spa Creek and connects downtown or historic Annapolis with Eastport. against our will into the City of Annapolis, and ever since have suffered a The Annapolis Yacht Club is at the Northerly end of the bridge and its second-class status at the snobbish hand of Annapolis Proper. Therefore boatyard is at the Southerly end. The bridge is the closest connection be- we now Declare our Independence and thereby do celebrate the unique tween central Annapolis and Eastport. This announcement caused some maritime Character of our own Culture, our own History, our own Heri- concern among the business owners in Eastport. They envisioned an intol- tage, our own Horticulture, Architecture and Naval Architecture, our People erable loss of revenue because of the unfamiliar route their customers would and our Retrievers and Felines, our own Neighborhood, our own Eastport! have to travel to patronize their businesses or that they would stop coming We, therefore, the representatives of the Maritime Republic of Eastport do until the bridge reopened. In November, two of the business owners met to solemnly declare that this Neighborhood is, and by Rights ought to be a discuss ways to alleviate their losses. Free and Independent State, that we are Absolved from all Allegiances to After many meetings between the business owners, it was agreed that Annapolis Proper, and that we have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, they needed a great deal of publicity so their customers would realize that contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and do all the other Stuff which the bridge was closing and that they would have to use other routes to get Independent States may of right do, especially to throw really big Parties. to the Eastport businesses. They decided to stage a secession from An- And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the fact that napolis and establish the Maritime Republic of Eastport. Because this was nobody’s ever going to take us too seriously anyway, we mutually pledge a sham secession, and would hopefully ease the anticipated transportation to each other our Lives, our Fortunes, and our Sacred Sense of Humor.” and parking problems, the City Fathers gave their support. Politically, The Declaration was signed by 25 citizens of Eastport. At each pause Eastport would still be a part of Annapolis. during the reading, there was a large cheer from the crowd.After the read- The promoters could see the need for a and a flag. The ing, the bombardment of Annapolis started. Overhead one of the three planes arms consist of a quartered generic boat transom topped with a mooring of the Eastport Air Force towed a that read “Eastport is Revolting bitt. The first quarter displays the port side of a Chesapeake Bay dead rise — Join Us.” During this time, the Eastport Coffee Shop owners threw tea work boat. The second quarter has a Great Blue Heron in flight. The third into Spa Creek. When they had expended sufficient black powder, Com- quarter shows a Maryland Blue Crab. The fourth quarter is the starboard mander Russell declared a cease fire. side of a cabin sloop. For they chose two rampant Chesapeake There were many of the new yellow Maritime Republic of Eastport Bay Retrievers, each mouthing a tennis ball. Although mouthing a tennis flags being waved. Unbeknown to most people at the time, the flags were balls is not an heraldic term, there must have been an amateur heraldist not the correct color. This is a problem familiar to most flag designers, somewhere in the group. manufacturers and retailers. The printer had been unable to obtain any gold They chose a flag of gold with the arms centered in black. Above the colored cloth. The entire group, accompanied by a band, route stepped to arms is an arched ribbon with swallow tailed ends and severed in the middle Leon’s Barber Shop. There the Declaration of Independence was read again with the WE LIKE IT —— THIS WAY. This of course represents and Leon Wolfe was appointed Prime Minister. Credentials were given to the closure of the bridge and Easport’s separation from Annapolis. Below all the appointed ministers. Passports and discount coupons good at Eastport the shield and supporting the rampant retrievers is a second ribbon with businesses were distributed. The crowd then dispersed. Some of the males the legend MARITIME REPUBLIC OF EASTPORT. in attendance were probably intent on getting home to watch the Super While the design of the arms and the flag were important, the flag Bowl. would have to be used in a way to get a great deal of publicity. The way The event was covered by the Baltimore Sun and was pictured on they chose was a force of arms. page B1 the next day. On the morning of the 25th of January 1998, nine groups of armed Up till this time Eastport was probably best known in Anne Arundel revolutionary and civil war reenactment troops assembled at the Southern County for its “Winter Sock Burning Day” which was celebrated on the 1st end of the Spa Creek Bridge. They called themselves the Chowderhead day of Spring. Eastport Militia. Their Commander was Tom Russell. In addition to their The whole operation was an extremely successful marketing ploy. muskets, they had four muzzle loading cannons. An estimated 400 Eastport During the bridge closure, the Eastport businesses all had an increase of residents gathered with the militia. business. During the same period, similar businesses in Annapolis proper The Unanimous Declaration of Independence of the Maritime Re- had less business. Unbelievably, the promoters made $20,000 selling flags public of Eastport was read: and other souvenirs. —2— January/April 1999 The Weekend of Flags NOMINATIONS As per NAVA’s bylaws the Nominat- Whereas, The Canadian Flag Association and the North Ameri- ing Committee is submitting the fol- can Vexillological Association are national non-profit lowing slate of Officers for consider- organisations, with members across the continent and over- ation at the next Annual Meeting to seas, dedicated to the promotion of vexillology, the scientific be held in Victoria, BC, Canada: and scholarly study of flag history and symbolism, and President: Dave Martucci of Washington, Maine, USA Whereas, its members include people in all fields of vexillology, 1st Vice President: including flag collectors, flag historians, government officials, Andrew Biles museum directors, flag manufacturers, encyclopedia editors, of Seattle, Washington, USA and those interested in flags as a hobby, and 2nd Vice President: Carita Culmer of , Arizona, USA Whereas, the International Federation of Vexillological Asso- Secretary: ciations, an international non-profit organisation, has Truman Pope brought these groups and others, and their members, to of Muncie, Indiana, USA Victoria for a brief visit over the weekend of Saturday, July Treasurer: Peter Orenski 31 to Sunday, August 1, 1999. This weekend is dedicated to of New Milford, Connecticut, USA sharing information, experiences and friendship as relating In accordance with NAVA Bylaws to vexillology. Section 6.02 (e), this notice is within the present bylaws, which require the Now Therefore, I do hereby proclaim the weekend of July 31 - submissions of the proposed slate to be included by the Secretary in the August 1, 1999, as “The Weekend Of Flags” in the City of notice for the annual meeting. Victoria, British Columbia and in issuing this proclamation ask our citizens, organisations and institutions to recognise Respectfully submitted. this week and to join in its observance. Nominating Commitee Peter Edwards Scot Gunter In Witness Whereof, I hereunto set my hand this 22nd day of Gustav Tracchia, Chair June, Nineteen hundred and ninety-nine. Robert Cross  As per NAVA’s bylaws the Executive Board is submitting the following MAYOR slate for Nominating Committee mem- CITY OF VICTORIA bers for consideration at the next BRITISH COLUMBIA Annual Meeting to be held in Victoria, BC, Canada: David Breitenbach of Grosse Pt Pk, Michigan, USA Peter Kinderman of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA SPONSORS of the 18th ICV Gustav Tracchia of Kew Gardens, New , USA

Respectfully submitted. Executive Board City of Victoria Dave Martucci, President David Breitenbach, 1st Vice President Carita Culmer,

Great Waters Assn. 2nd Vice President of Vexillology Truman Pope, Secretary Peter Orenski, Treasurer —3— NAVA News 32/1-2 BLACK & Imperial German Navy by Dr. Whitney Smith Command Pennant is the second most commonly used Brittany, Teutonic Knights color in the national flags of the world (70%) because, like yellow, it provides contrast to the other colors of which flags are composed (, , blue, black, and sometimes others). The least common of the basic flag colors, black, appears in only 21% of national flags. Among flags of two colors only the combination of white and black is not common, although many flags have black and white plus other colors. There is room for speculation about the reason(s) for this — whether those colors are associated with a somber appear- Brittany Prussia, War 1863-1867 ance, negative symbolic associations, or some other factor. Of those limited to black and white, the three flags of Brittany are among the best known — its armorial banner of arms, its black cross on white, and the modern “stripes and spots.” Another Celtic nation, Cornwall, also has a flag of black and white. Dating from at least the 19th century — (and perhaps earlier), this flag is symbolically associated with the tin which made Cornwall famous and the ore from which it is derived. The exact origins of this flag, the “banner of St. Brittany Prussia, 1823-1863 Piran,” are not known. “Stripes and Ermine Spots” Elsewhere in Europe, the ancient coat of arms of (a black head with a white band over the eyes or forehead, all on a white shield) is the basis for several versions of the flag that characterizes the island. also once had another flag of this color combination — a black spread on a white back ground. This is associated with Emperor Frederick II Hohenstaufen whose reign brought such glory to the is- land. Cornwall Prussia, Pilot Flag Perhaps the most widely used flags of black and white are those as- “Banner of St. Piran” sociated with the Kingdom of Prussia from its establishment in 1701 until its suppression in 1935 under the Nazi regime. Ultimately, the inspiration for the Prussian colors was the banner of the Teutonic Knights, a warrior which exercised control over substantial terri- tories. During the years of its grandeur, Prussia used a variety of black and white flags, although some of these also bore an eagle which in- cluded the colors gold and light blue. A number of other flags in German-speaking areas were also influ- Corsica Prussia, Government Flag enced by this design tradition. The flags of the Prussian provinces and the of the city of Königsberg, for example, were fash- ioned of black and white only. Those colors became the basis for many German flags under the Second Reich and then were revived by Hitler. Today in Germany the black cross on white, embellished with a central black eagle and a consisting of black-white-red stripes bearing the Iron Cross, is associated with neo-Nazis who, being denied the right to display their real flag, the infamous Hakenkreuz, flaunt the Sicily Provinces of East Prussia and Reichskriegsflagge. Hohenzollern Lands (1882-1934)

Prussia, national colors Province of West Prussia Province of Posen (1896-1934) Germany, Reighkreigsflagge (1882-1934)

—4— January/April 1999 WHITE Black is found in many Arab national flags. Historically, the Abbasids — one Afghanistan, 1901-1911 Afghanistan, 1911-1926 Afghanistan, 1911-1926 of the leading dynasties of early Islam (variant) — favored the use of black for their . These were often cov- ered with inscriptions, but available evidence suggests that those in- scriptions were usually of gold not white. Never the less the black Abbasid flags inspired four modern national flags of Afghanistan in use from 1919 to 1928 and again (briefly) in 1929, which incorpo- rated only black and white. Elsewhere in Asia, the Muslim peoples of the East Indies have Afghanistan, 1928 made use of black and white as favored flag colors. An all-black Afghanistan, 1929 flag, for example, was displayed by the Arab merchants of the Sul- tanate of Acheh; Trumong and Riouw are among the small states in what is today Indonesia that also had flags of black and white. In what is now Malaysia there have been black and white national flags used by Pahang (two flags since 1887) and Trengganu (several flags since the late 19th century). Johore for a brief time (1855-1865) also had a black and white flag. In Africa the rule of the Senussi dynasty in Cyrenaica led to the Trumong and Johore, Achech creation of a for that territory based on black and white 1855-1865 religious banners previously in use. Following World War II, Cyrenaica under British administration was organized as the kernel for what eventually became the modern country of Libya. The na- tional flag of Cyrenaica in use from 1947 to 1950 was black with a white star and crescent; the royal standard added a white in the upper hoist corner. When Cyrenaica united with Tripolitania and Pahang, Pahang, variant Fezzan to form Libya, the new flag was created by adding stripes of red and green at the top and bottom to the flag of Cyrenaica. Perhaps there have been other black and white national flags used at some point in history. Can any reader suggest examples? Certainly, there have also been non-national flags in these colors. Many of these, unfortunately, evoke memories of death and destruction: the flags of the Chetniks of World War II notoriety, the banners of the special elite SS troops and of the Hitler-Jugend in the same era, and the Jolly Roger of pirate fame come to mind . Trengganu, State Flag Trengganu, State Flag (variant)

“Jolly Roger” Chetniks Trengganu, Government Flag Cyrenaica, 1947-1950

Nazi Germany, Hitler Youth Riouw Nazi Germany, Schutzstaffel (SS) Nazi Germany, Hitler Youth Deutsche Jungvolk Deutsche Jungvolk Jungbahnfahne Fähnleinfahne —5— NAVA News 32/1-2 VEXILLIANAVEXILLIANA Comp. by Kevin Harrington

Recent Work of Vexillologists in the Flag Periodicals of the World

(A list of Journal titles with a key to abbreviations and language follows this report. Illustrations from GdeB and FV)

VEXILLOLOGISTS IN from 1815, VN 217; he has several gular problem in the Olympic pa- THE NETHERLANDS articles in Vexillacta, 1 & 2. Roger rade, and Aldo Ziggioto reviews nine Klaes Sierksma, with Armenian Baert describes the royal ensign of books on flags and badges in VI XXV- archivist, Margarita Chungunian, Belgium in LeV 78. 2. introduces an Armenian flag book In AR 7/98 and 8/99 are articles FINNISH AND SCANDINAVIAN of 1815, and Jos Poels writes on on Breton flags by Breton HERALDISTS AND Israeli symbols, VN 219 (see also vexillologists Alain Raullet, Dr. VEXILLOLOGISTS South Pole flags in 217); Jan Reijnen Philippe Rault and Divy Kervella. Kari K Laurla is arguably the looks at flags on the stamps of South Michel Corbic covers the history world’s most prolific vexillo-heraldic Arabia, TFB 184; Marcel van of the enclave of Cabinda in FV 11/ writer. Under the auspices of the Col- Westerhoven examines community 57 and Pierre Charrié provides legium Heraldicum Fennicum, flags, VN 217-219. Anton Jansen Laurla has written most of the ar- advises of the merger of Vlaggen with ticles in LMT 5 to 8 ranging from Info-Bulletin, Vl. 102. Dirkwillem scout and party flags to Visser intimates (via Laszlo Balogh, boating club flags. He also writes for Hungary) that St. Eustatius has a LV: new emblems of the Finnish flag for the first time a of armed forces, a tsarist standard at yellow-blue-red, 3:1:3, I-B 95. sea, an interview with Alexander NORTH AMERICAN Basov - the Belarusian vexillologist VEXILLOLOGISTS in Minsk, and changes in interna- John M. Hartvigsen analyzes a tional flags, Estonian police flag, etc., little-known American flag - the nos. 3 and 4/98. Laurla also writes Brandywine flag, TFB 186. Dr. notes on Japanese military em- on the Finnish flag in a trilingual Whitney Smith deals with the sym- blems. Bruno Fuligni reveals the publication Suomen Lippu and his bols of La Communauté TFB 183. Dr. four flags of Counani in the Amazon work on the proposed national flag John M. Purcell, Great Waters V.A, jungle, TFB 183. of 1918 appears in Hiidenkivi , a features the flags of Columbus, Ohio Jaume Ollé’s FR 10 contains de- magazine of Finnish culture, 6/98. in FLWR. Robert Wasserman’s let- tails on flags of the present and the Jan Oskar Engene writes exten- ter on a over Ameri- past - the Chilean regions, the Ven- sively on flags in NFk’s ‘jubilee’ edi- can soil appears in THG (Dec. ’98). ezuelan air force, the Land of Punt tion, 1998, e.g. new Icelandic flag Doreen Braverman in F&B (v.11, and other Somali flags, etc. His Elec- legislation and flags of the Aland Is- no. 2) has an editorial on the red in tronic Bulletin of Vexillology from lands. He also writes in FDB 9 on Canada’s flag. Peter Edwards of Catalonia is in FDB 9. In FR 9 he how to cite Internet sources. We see Toronto has had his work on the introduces the Customs flag of Ma- that the Nordic vexillologists are pro- burgees of recreational boating in laysia and the Nigerian presidential posing a FIAV Congress for 2003 in South Africa published in SJ, 6/97. flag. In B 69 Ollé deals with the flags Stockholm. Canada’s Chief Herald Robert Watt of the departments of El Salvador; SWISS AND GERMAN introduces the arms and flag of the in 70 with Tobago. FLAG-LORISTS new territory, Nunavut, in Fgsn 53. Cuban and Philippine (Katipunan) Dr. Günter Mattern continues a Kevin Harrington reveals the popu- flags are featured in articles by discussion of German flags with an larity of swastika burgees in the Spanish vexillologists Jorge article on the Republic of the Upper 1920s in Flnt 5. Hurtado Maqueda and José Luis de Rhine TFB 184; he also edits FLMG. THE BELGIAN, BRETON, Frutos in B 69. Flags over Ulrike Schwalm writes about the FRENCH, ITALIAN, CATALAN, from 1502 to 1978 are covered in B U.S. flag in American films, TFB 186. AND SPANISH FLAG SCHOLARS 70 by Félix Martinez Llorente. The yearbook VH 1996/97 contains Michel Lupant, editor, regularly Alfredo Betocchi writes on the history of the flags of Fribourg features new flags in GdeB. Léon Lithuanian symbols, Roberto by Sabine Sille. Nyssen studies Belgian naval flags Breschi refers us to a Czech trian- Arnold Rabbow treats us to a rol- —6— January/April 1999 licking account of marijuana or East Asia, SEATO and ASEAN, in 51. outlines Ukraine’s naval flags in hashish flags and the Elaine Peters updates civic flags in GdeB 50. Articles by the Czech writ- Summit flag in DFK 6/98. Erich the Geelong area CA 48. ers also appear in DFK in 1998. The Dieter has translated Norman In CofA (Spring 1999) we see ar- two writers and Peter Exner do re- Martin’s opus on German flags from ticles on Iceland’s arms, ’s views of flag publications in Vie 109; the Middle Ages to WWII in the same Royal Arms, and Heraldry and the Roman Klimes and Jaroslav issue. Editor Dr. Andreas Herzfeld . Martykan have an article on presi- discusses Leipzig Fair symbols, From HAVSOM, the Heraldry and dential flags, e.g. Belarus, Estonia, Erwin Günther imparts information Vexillology Society of , comes , Latvia, Croatia, , on the flag of the Saugeaise Repub- news of corporate flags in Malta and and in 110 and 111. Writers lic, and Falko Schmidt chronicles the visit to Malta of the Finnish Her- Klimes and Tenora each publish the flag history of Syria in 7/98. aldry Society, TB/SF no. 4. Adrian communiqués on new flags and Questions and answers - with con- Strickland provides data on the changes in flags and arms, FWS tributions by Erwin Günther, (worldwide) and CDC Thilo Biegler, Jörg M. (Eastern Europe and the Karaschewski and Gunnar former USSR). Zeljko Staack are a regular feature of Heimer draws our atten- Nrn, 10/98-13/99 tion to the great variety HERALDISTS AND of stars that appear in VEXILLOLOGISTS OF BRIT- flags DFK 6/98. Dr. AIN, MALTA, AUSTRALIA Andriy Grechylo, editor Michael King’s letter provides of Z, L’viv, has published information on flags of the new a booklet on the arms of Ethiopian regions, and Ray the right-bank Ukraine Allen describes British flags of 1791-92. civilians at war, e.g. National OTHER SCHOLARS Fire Service, Civil Defense T. Saleem Marwat dis- Corps, in FM 93, and editor cusses tribal flags in Pa- Michael Faul explains how colour flags of the Armed Forces of Malta kistan, GdeB 51. Bruce Berry writes burst into Flagmaster. Robin and its Task Force, GdeB 51. on new civic flags in South Africa, Ashburner writes to THG on the THE SLAVIC VEXILLOLOGISTS in SN 23/98, and introduces us to Welsh (Sept. ’98). An article The graphic symbol Tamga - a the newest flag society, the on protocol and the Union by Turko-Mongol word for sign - is ex- Vexillological Association of Bosnia Bruce Nicholls is reprinted in E&J plored by Iaroslav Lebedynski who and Herzegovina David Prando writes on Ralph Kelly elaborates on French devices on the flags of Lithuania, an historic Argentine flag in B 69. Levantine flags (Lebanon, Syria, Ukraine, (Tatars) in TFB 184. Alberto Perazzo reviews changes in Latakia) in CA 50. He and Tony Ales Brozek writes on Czech mu- the shield of arms of Buenos Aires Burton examine the flags of South- nicipal flags, I-B 96. Jiri Tenora (city) in E 26.

ABBREVIATIONS USED GdeB Gaceta de Banderas ...... Spanish, some English and French AR Ar Banniel ...... In French and Breton I-B Info-Bulletin...... Dutch, English B Banderas ...... In Spanish LeV Le Vexillaire ...... French CA Crux Australis ...... English LMT Lippuja ja muita tunnuksia ...... Finnish CDC Le Cabinet des drapeaux communique ..... French LV Liehuvat Värit ...... Finnish CofA Coat of Arms ...... English Nrn Nachrichten ...... German DFK Deutsche Flaggenkurier ...... German NFk Nordisk Flaggkontakt...... Norwegian, Danish, E&J Ensign & Jack ...... English Swedish, Icelandic occasionally, E Estandarte ...... Spanish some English summaries F&B Flag & Banner...... English & French SJ SAVA Journal ...... English FDB Flag Data Bank ...... English SN SAVA Newsletter ...... English Fgsn Flagscan ...... English, some French TB/SF It-Tarka u l’Bandiera /The Flag & Shield ...... FLMG Flaggenmitteilung ...... German, English, some Maltese some English or French TFB The Flag Bulletin ...... English Flnt Flagnaut ...... English THG The Heraldry Gazette ...... English FLWR FlagWaver ...... English VH Vexilla Helvetica ...... French and German FM Flagmaster ...... English VI Vexilla Italica ...... Italian FR Flag Report ...... English Vie Vexilologie ...... Czech FV Franciae Vexilla...... French VN Vexilla nostra ...... Dutch FWS Flaggen, Wappen, und Siegel ...... German Z Znak ...... Ukrainian, some English summaries —7— NAVA News 32/1-2 C i v i c F l a g s

These illustrations are a few examples of the illustrations being prepared by NAVA’s Treasurer, Dr. Peter Orenski for an upcoming issue of Raven. They have been scanned from the originals and consequently some quality has been lost but the final product will indeed be an excellent vexillological contribution. See article on page 10.

18th ICV NAVA 33 28 July - 2 Aug 1999 Badge of the City of Victoria, BC Port Coquitlam, BC CANADA

City of Port Coquitlam, BC Coat of Arms —8— January/April 1999 o f C a n a d a

(Above) Jim Croft delivering his paper at the NAVA 32 Convention in Québec City, October, 1998.

(Above) The flag of the 18th International Congress of Vexillology designed by NAVA member Truman Pope.

(Right) The Flag of the City of Victoria, BC, which is the host site of the 18th ICV. —9— NAVA News 32/1-2 PORT COQUITLAM, BRITISH COLUMBIA On 21 December 1992, the by James Croft colour illustration on page 8). Canadian Above a wreath of white and granted a flag, coat of arms, and Flag description: On a green , green, the city’s colours, is a red a badge to Port Coquitlam, Brit- the shield of the coat of arms of Port mural crown, outlined in white, ish Columbia, a city located east Coquitlam in the canton and in the bearing golden anchors. Red and of Vancouver with a population fly, a white disc bearing three in- white are the national colours of terlaced red salmon. Colour illustra- of approximately 28,000. The tion on page 8. Canada and the mural crown is area where Port Coquitlam is the traditional symbol of civic now located was originally an another a new industrial city authority. The gold anchors Indian village at the mouth of within the municipality. It was honour the word “Port” in the the Coquitlam River. Prior to this growing new city of approxi- city’s name and allude to its 1912 there were two mately four square miles and maritime commerce. Coquitlams, one a rural munici- bounded by the Pitt River on the The beaver supporters are pality of 64 square miles, and east and the Fraser River on the multisymbolic. The beaver is south, that became incorporated Canada’s national animal. They CANADIAN CIVIC FLAGS on 7 March 1913 as the City of are also emblematic of industri- Currently a project is under- Port Coquitlam. ousness and their gold colour way to produce a future issue The new flag of the city (see signifies commerce, reflecting of Raven on “Canadian Civic the colour illustration on page 8) the motto above the shield, “By Flags.” James Croft is coordi- has a green field and incorpo- Commerce and Industry We nating this endeavour with rates the shield from the coat of Prosper.” The beaver to the Kevin Harrington authoring the arms in the canton with a spe- observer’s left is collared by a articles with the exception of the cial badge in the fly. The shield ducal while the other Québec municipalities. Those has a red salmon in its upper one is collared by a wreath of will be written by Luc Baronian. section and the special badge azaleas, the city’s floral . Peter Orenski is producing com- a white disc with three red A special medallion hangs from puterized artwork and some of interlaced salmon on it. each collar, the Salish spindle his beautiful samples have been “Coquitlam” is a Native People’s whorl, ehich honors the city’s scanned and are displayed in name meaning “little red fish” First People’s culture and heri- this issue. Chris Pinette and and the Coquitlam River, at the tage. The whorl shows a salmon, Dave Martucci are also assist- mouth of which this community reflecting the environment and ing on this project. Doreen is located, was famous for its the food coming from both the Braverman of the Flag Shop in hordes of this Pacific Coast fish. nearby waters and land. A new Vancouver has provided data on The use of the salmon honours motto, “Working Together For Canadian civic flags and the the river from which the city de- The Future,” is used at the base Chief Herald of Canada, Robert rives its name. The red steam of the arms. It displays the phi- Watt, has also promised to as- locomotive wheel and the two losophy of the city recognizing sist in this project. golden horizontal bands running the multicultural character of Working through the provin- through the center of the shield the city. Many of the symbols on cial and territorial protocol of- signify the raiway, It was the the new coat of arms were drawn ficers, hundreds of letters are railway which was the economic from the old historic emblem being sent to Canadian munici- impetus in the creation of the previously used by Port palities. It was through the ef- city, as the Canadian Pacific Coquitlam, which bore a royal fort of NAVA member Gerry Railway’s Pacific Coast Termi- crown, a train, a , a beaver, Wharton, who works for nals were located here at the and the motto, “By Commerce Canada’s Protocol Office, that begining of the century. and Industry We Prosper.” this survey was possible and we The wide green band or heralic A special badge was also cre- are indebted to him. “” indicates the pathways ated for the grant which bears Hopefully in the autumn of which first opened up the com- the Salish spindle whorl on a red 2000 at least 128 Canadian munity, while the distinctive co- locomotive wheel. civic flags will appear in Raven nifer twig pattern is emplematic Special thanks to Robert Watt, with an accompanying full- of the green spaces in Port Chief Herald of Canada, and colour chart. Through the able Coquitlam and the sustaining Auguste Vachon, Saint-Laurent editorship of Ted Kaye and the wealth and amenities derived Herald, of the Canadian Heral- Raven editorial board, the fin- from the local forests. dic Authority and Joan Marks, ished project should be an item Besides the shield, there are Adminisstrative Assistant for the of first class quality in the world several other elements that con- City of Port Coquitlam for pro- of Vexillology! stitute the coat of arms (see the viding data for this article. —10— January/April 1999 OBSOLETE NATIONAL FLAGS FOR SALE

COMOROS Prior to 1995: Green field, White crescent and stars angled across field. 4' x 6' $15

1995 - 1996: Green field, White crescent has horns upright, white stars go horizontally above the crescent. This is a scarce design, only in use for a couple of years. 2' x 3' $10 3' x 5' $15 4" x 6" $1 a

SOUTH AFRICA Horizontal / white / blue with triple flag emblem in the center. 4" x 6" $1

ZAIRE 1971-1997 Green field, yellow disc, brown arm holding red torch. 2' x 3' $10 3' x 5' $15 4' x 6' $15 4" x 6" $1 a NAVA AND ICV CONVENTION FLAGS – 4"x6" All mounted on 10" or longer sticks

NAVA association flag ...... $3.00 NAVA 23 Dallas, TX 1989 ...... $3.00d NAVA 29 Cincinnati / Covington 1995 ...... $1.00b NAVA 18 Vancouver, BC 1984 (size 3"x6") ...... $1.00 NAVA 28 Portland, Oregon, 1994 ...... $2.00 NAVA 15 / 9ICV Ottawa, ON 1981 ...... $3.00 NAVA 27 Portland, Maine, 1993 ...... $1.00 NAVA 14 St Louis, MO 1979 ...... $3.00 NAVA 26 San Antonio,TX 1992 ...... $1.00b NAVA 11 / 7ICV Washington, DC 1977 ...... $3.00 NAVA 25 Minneapolis, MN 1991 ...... $1.00 5ICV London, UK, 1973 ...... $3.00 NAVA 24 Toronto, ON 1990 ...... (n/a) c NAVA 3 / 3ICV Boston, MA 1969 ...... $3.00

a These obsolete 4"x 6" international flags are available in “investment” lots of one dozen for $8.00 b 1992, 1995 Convention pins available: $2.50 each c 1990 Convention pins available (only 3!): $5.00 each d Convention key chains available free with any order! (Just ask)

UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION BICENTENNIAL FLAGS White with logo. Two sizes available: 2' x 3' and 4' x 6'; Either size, $10.00 each. $50.00 per dozen.

STATUE OF LIBERTY COMMEMORATIVE FLAGS 4" x 6" Red / White / Blue with blue Statue of Liberty sketch in center. 3,684 available (yes, that’s over 300 dozen!!) These make great give-aways for those of us who make presentations to school, social, or civic groups. Single example free with any order (just ask!) $5.00 per dozen (12 at 42 cents each) $25.00 per ten dozen (120 at 20 cents each) $120.00 for 100 dozen (1,200 at 10 cents each)

Flag Items only available from PLEASE NOTE: Payment must be made to NAVA in NAVA Shopper U.S. dollars, drawn on a USA bank, or by international c/o Nick Artimovitch money order for U.S. dollars. All prices of full-sized flags include postage. Orders of 4" x 6" flags totaling less than 6260 Light Point Pl US$10 are subject to a $3 postage fee. Fee is waived for Columbia MD 21045-4435 USA orders of $10 or more. —11— NAVA News 32/1-2

—12— January/April 1999

—13— NAVA News 32/1-2 NAVA News 1999 Proposed Amendments to NAVA’s Bylaws Published bimonthly by the North Ameri- Motion by Dave Martucci: The associations is [a] an Illinois not for can Vexillological Association (NAVA), Section 3.06. Honorary members. profit corporation under, and subject to, PMB 225, 1977 N Olden Ave Ext, Tren- (a) Honorary membership shall be open the provisons of the Act. ton NJ 08618-2193 USA. ISSN 1053- to any individual who is not a current (b) Comment: To correct a grammaticl er- 3338. Material appearing in NAVA News member of the association. ror. does not necessarily reflect the policy or (b) Honorary members shall have the title SECTION 2. AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS opinion of NAVA, the executive board or of the editor. conferred upon them for rendering dis- (a) Section 1.08(d) of the bylaws of the Please send articles, letters to the editor tinguished service in the field of association is added as follows: and inquiries concerning advertising vexillology or to the association. (d) Only proposed amendments timely rates and permission to reprint articles (c) Non-dues-paying honorary members submitted under this section may be to: shall not pay dues, but shall be entitled considered by the voting members. Pro- David Martucci, Interim Editor to all the privileges of the association posed amendments shall be considered 240 Calderwood Rd except voting and holding office. as submitted and may not be amended. Washington ME 04574-3440 USA (207) 845-2857 Section 3.07. Term of membership. (b) Comment: To codify NAVA’s existing [email protected] (d) Honorary membership may be con- practice since 199l. In order to allow all Articles may be submitted in hard copy ferred by action of two-thirds of the vot- NAVA members an opportuity to comment or in any Macintosh or PC format (ex- ing members upon recommendation of on any proposed bylaws amemdments cepting Lotus Word Pro) on 3.5” diskettes the executive board, upon recommenda- regardless of whether they are able to at- or Zip disks. A hard copy showing all tion of the membership committee. tend the annual meeting, the precedent formatting preferences should accom- Words shown in strike out to be removed; is that the text of a proposed bylaws pany the disk. Articles and/or disks ac- companied by a SASE will be returned. words shown in underscore to be added. amendment may not be amended at the Please send copies or originals of any Explanation: To modify the requirements annual meeting. The current practice rec- flag-related newspaper and magazine for honorary membership so that ognizes the complexity of drafting bylaws clippings to the Vexi-Bits editor: 1) it can be conferred on anyone, whether amendement and avoids prolonged dis- John A. Gámez a member or not; cussions at the meeting. The current prac- 5335 NW Loop 410 #513 2) it will be conferred for service to the tice elevates prudence over expediency San Antonio TX 78229-5529 USA association; by strongly encouraging consensus and (210) 256-9701 [email protected] 3) it will allow honorary members to be- compromise on potentially controversial Please send all non-NAVA News related come dues paying active members; and proposals. correspondence, including change of 4) it will allow the executive board to SECTION 3. MISCELLANEOUS address or changes in email status to make the confirmation after consideration (a) Severability. Each of sections 1 the Association’s permanent address: and recommendation by the membership through 2 of this resoluton may be sepa- NAVA committee so that the person may be hon- rately considered by the voting members PMB 225 ored at the next annual meeting. at the 1999 annual meeting and approved 1977 N Olden Ave Ext Trenton NJ 08618-2193 USA Proposed RESOLUTION by Kin : or disapproved individually. [email protected] Resolved by the voting members of NAVA (b) Font. Additions to the bylaws are in- Visit NAVA on the web at SECTION 1. AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS dicated by underlining and deletions to http://www.nava.org/ (a) Section 1.02 Status of the bylaws of the bylaws are indicated by [enclosure ©1999 NAVA - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED the association is amended as follows: in brackets and strikeouts]. If approved, the modified text shall appear in nonunderlined font without the bracketed and struckout text. (c)Comments. The comments to sections 1 through 2 of this resolution are provided for explanatory purposes only and do not form part of the proposed amendment. (d) Effective date. Each of sections 1 through 2 of this resolution receiving ap- proval by action of two-thirds of the vot- ing members shall be immediately effec- tive at the time of its approval, provided a copy of this resolution shall have been sent to all voting and non voting mem- bers with the 1999 annual meeting no- tice. The NAVA President notes the following: Section 1 is a grammatical error and does NOT need a motion to correct it. In order to save time at the meeting, I will say “If there is no objection, the error in 1.02 of the Bylaws will be corrected to read ‘an Illinois’ rather than ‘a Illinois’.” If there is No objection, it will be so ordered. —14— January/April 1999 N E W N A V A M E M B E R S 1 9 9 9 Mr. Andrew Beachm Ms. Marilynn Murray Jensen Mr. Daniel M. Renna Chapel Hill NC USA Chroma Design Washington DC USA Area of Interest (AoI): Portland OR USA Geography and Louisiana AoI: nautical, heraldic and medieval Mr. Vincent Robertson flags, large-scale commercial flags Richmond VA USA Mr. Jean Paul Billault AoI: Canadian Provinces, family crests Paris FRANCE Mr. Mason E. Kaye Portland OR USA Ms. Paula Rounds Master Kenny Lee Bruntlett AoI: research on tribar flags, flag San Diego CA USA Lynnwood WA USA design AoI: California, Washington, Europe Mr. Joseph F. Connolly, II Dr. Peter J. Keim, M.D. Mr. Dennis R. Stevens Belle Isle FL USA Natrona Heights PA USA Anchorage AK USA AoI: Irish county flags AoI: collects US flags; flag history AoI: native/inuit/eskimo whaling flags; corporate inuit flags Dept. Comm Info. Tech. & Prof. Akira Kumagai Arts/Library Tokyo JAPAN Mr. Taiji Tanaka Canberra ACT AUSTRALIA AoI: Heraldry Tanaka Flag Mfg. Co. Osaka JAPAN Ms. Susan Fachini Mr. Douglas Clem Lawrence AoI: Flag manufacturing Portland OR USA Toledo OH USA AoI: Historic US flags, Alaska, Yukon, AoI: European and military U.S. Flag & Signal Company, Inc. Norhwest Territories Attn. Dory Wideman Mr. Patrick Maguire Virginia Beach VA USA Mr. Per Fahlén New Milford CT USA AoI: manufacture, sales, all flags Kungsbacka AoI: Flags in general Mr. Robert H. Manning Ms. Pamela M. Wheeler Marquette MI USA Houston TX USA Mr. Andrew J. Fal AoI: Marine/maritime heritage AoI: Texas, Louisiana New Britain CT USA AoI: US State, Europe, Native Mr. Jeremy March Mr. Phillip Wheelock American Los Angeles CA USA Seattle WA USA AoI: Soviet era and inter-war AoI: general Master Jack Fletcher European flags Bunkie LA USA Mr. Rick Wyatt AoI: collects desk size 4x6" Mr. Robert McConnell C. R. W. Flags, Inc. Seattle WA USA Glen Burnie MD USA Mr. David Le Gallant De M.-C. AoI: US Historical Tignish, Î.-P.-É. (Acadie) CANADA Ms. Jan A. Mericle AoI: French flags, royal arms The Flag Shop Whittier CA USA NEW MEMBER DEAL Mr. Thomas J. Hale AoI: Flag history, design, retail Quincy MA USA NAVA's Membership Committee is AoI: national, military, naval, historic Mr. Stanislaw A. Milkowski pleased to announce a major new ini- flags Seattle WA USA tiative designed to attract new mem- AoI: Ireland, bers in this and in coming years. Dr. Douglas F. Hedwig Briefly: If you know someone you New York NY USA Ms. Jayne Nazé would like to sponsor for NAVA mem- AoI: relationship of flags and music Fairbanks AK USA bership, NAVA will split with you the AoI: Alaska, Wisconsin annual $30 fee. This means that now Mr. Thomas H. Hitchcock FOR THE FIRST TIME you can Sturbridge MA USA Mr. Gerald E. Noeske sponsor a new member for only $15 ! AoI: flags of Germany from 1900 to Bradenton FL USA present AoI: Flags of Cyprus, European An application form can be down- colonial territories and dependecies loaded from NAVA's Website Master Jonathan Patrick Holman < www.nava.org >, or contact us at the Normandy Park WA USA Dr. Leodocia M. Pope, Ph.D. mailing address below. AoI: General, likes geography Austin TX USA Please send all checks (payable to AoI: Flags of Louisiana and Texas "NAVA") to NAVA's usual address: Mr. Nicholas Hunt PMB 225, 1977 N Olden Ave Ext, 2074 Sydney NSW AUSTRALIA Ms. Bonnie J. Pulver Trenton NJ 08618 USA. Please be AoI: member of Canadian Corkscrew Wild Wind Creations sure to indicate "Attn. MEMBERSHIP Collectors Club Franklin MA USA COMMITTEE" on the envelope. AoI: Native American crafts Mr. Thomas W. Hutcheson This offer is good for up to 34 new members in 1999, since we've dedicated $500 from the Millers Falls MA USA Mr. Luis F. Ramos treasury to support the full costs of those new AoI: US Colonial & Revolutionary War; San Sebastian PUERTO RICO members. British Isles, heraldry, flag design AoI: Historical US, US States The Executive Board thanks you for your continued support

—15— NAVA News 32/1-2 NORTH AMERICAN VEXILLOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION PMB 225 1977 N Olden Ave Ext Trenton NJ 08618 USA Return Service Requested

Flag of NAVA JAN/APR 1999 INSIDE THIS ISSUE: • Meeting Notice • 18ICV Info • Maritime Republic of Eastport • Black & White Flags • Vexilliana • Canadian Civic Flags • Port Coquitlam, British Columbia • Tribune of Rome the Holy Republic • Nominations • NAVA Shopper, New Members Visit NAVA’s Award-winning Web Site http://www.nava.org NAVA SHOPPER Take Note: Dr. Peter Orenski There will be NO 101 Bel Air Dr Raven 1 (1994) Raven 2 (1995) New Milford CT 06776 USA Moon • Alamo Desecration • Boating NAVA Meeting in Vexillaria • Canada Whaling Stations 24-magnet sets Evolutionary • Nevada Israel • Turkmenistan October. This year’s all NAVA meeting flags US$12 postpaid including NAVA 33/ICV 18 US $12 postpaid meeting is being held US$45 postpaid Raven 3/4 (1996-97) Raven 5 (1998) concurrently with the The United States Embroidered Highest-quality Flags of Native Peoples white or sky blue of the United States Flag 18th ICV in NAVA-flag polo shirts US$25 postpaid US$20 postpaid Victoria, BC all sizes except small Send order to: US$33.20 postpaid Mr. Harry W. Oswald 28 July-2 August 1999 Jewelry-quality PO Box 33260 Send in your NAVA lapel pins Portland OR 97292-3260 USA 24K high-polish gold finish registration NOW! US$7.50 postpaid Please make checks payable to NAVA —16—