Chute Du Mur De Berlin

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Chute Du Mur De Berlin EA/CB/BH/CL octobre 2009 La chute du mur de Berlin La majorité des documents signalés dans cette bibliographie peuvent être consultés à la Bibliothèque de Sciences Po. Ils ont été écrits au moment des événements ou après la chute du mur et traitent de l’analyse de la situation politique et économique interne est- allemande depuis le milieu des années quatre-vingts, des événements eux-mêmes jusqu’au 9 novembre 1989 et de leur retentissement immédiat à travers des recherches que l’ouverture de nombreuses archives officielles a facilitées. Dans ce document, certains accès au texte intégral liés aux abonnements de la Bibliothèque ne sont possibles que du campus de Sciences Po. Pour un accès distant, consulter la base des « Revues en ligne ». Les dossiers de presse ne sont consultables que sur le campus de Sciences Po. 1 - La RDA à la veille de la révolution pacifique : « Die Zeit ist reif » ................. 1 1.1 - Le contexte politique général en RDA ........................................................... 1 1.2 - Le SED .................................................................................................... 8 1.3 - La Stasi « bouclier et épée du parti » ......................................................... 11 1.4 - L’opposition au régime ............................................................................. 18 1.5 - La justice et la répression politique ............................................................ 25 1.6 - Le mur et la frontière............................................................................... 29 1.7 - Les médias et la censure .......................................................................... 31 1.8 - Les conditions économiques ...................................................................... 33 1.9 - La société et les conditions sociales............................................................ 38 1.10 - La culture et les intellectuels ................................................................... 48 1.11 - Les relations avec l’URSS et le refus de la pérestroïka ................................. 51 1.12 - L’armée et la politique militaire................................................................ 57 2 – L’exode et les rassemblements : « Wählen mit den Füssen»...................... 58 2.1 - L’exode de l’été 1989............................................................................... 58 2.2 - La mobilisation de l’automne 1989 : les manifestations, le rôle des Eglises, des mouvements civiques, des médias, de l’armée .................................................... 60 3 - Novembre 1989 : „Jetzt wächst zusammen, was zusammen gehört „......... 68 3.1 - Les évènements ...................................................................................... 68 3.2 - Les témoignages ..................................................................................... 76 3.3 - Les réactions .......................................................................................... 81 3.4 - Dans les médias...................................................................................... 86 1 - La RDA à la veille de la révolution pacifique : « Die Zeit ist reif » 1.1 - Le contexte politique général en RDA Aufstände im Ostblock : zur Krisengeschichte des realen Sozialismus/ Henrik Bispinck ... [et al.] (Hg.). - Berlin : CH. Links, 2004. - 344 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. - (Forschungen zur DDR- Gesellschaft). Cote : 8°244.889 1 Badia, Gilbert. - Vues contrastées sur l'histoire de la RDA. - Allemagne d'aujourd'hui (1966) <P 8° 1204>. – (1995-04/06)n°132, p. 167-184. - Le rapport de la Commission d'enquête du Bundestag sur l'histoire et les conséquences de la dictature SED en Allemagne souffre d'un certain nombre de faiblesses tant au niveau du champ (il ne s'agit plus de l'histoire de la RDA), que des participants (pour la plupart des Allemands de l'Ouest), que de la collecte des informations sur la politique et la société de la RDA. Il passe sous silence des domaines importants. Il ne doit pas être présenté comme un jugement établi et reconnu. D'autres recherches sur ce même sujet ont été effectuées. G. Badia analyse celle publiée par le PDS, du point de vue de la situation des femmes et de l'enseignement. Berg, Hermann von ; Loeser, Franz, Seiffert, Wolfgang. - Die DDR auf dem Weg in das Jahr 2000 : Politik, Ökonomie, Ideologie : Plädoyer für eine demokratische Erneuerung / Hermann von Berg, Franz Loeser, Wolfgang Seiffert. - Köln : Bund-Verlag, 1987. - 190 p. ; 21 cm. Cote : 8°116.621 Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig, R.D.A. - Handbuch Deutsche Demokratische Republik : Jubiläumsausgabe 1984/ [Hrsg. Lexikonredaktion des VEB Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig]. - 2. Aufl. - Leipzig : Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig, 1984. - 744 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. Cote : 8°107.488 Böhm, Sigurd. - La fin de la RDA : les ambiguïtés de la pensée anti-fasciste et l'échec du socialisme autoritaire. - Foi et vie (Paris) <P 8° 574>. – (1993-01)vol.92:n°1, p. 67-85. - La RDA s'est construite autour de deux notions essentielles : l'antifascisme et le socialisme. Mais le socialisme a dégénéré en dictature et le pays a été confronté au défi démocratique et économique de la RFA. Brunssen, Frank. - The revolution in the German Democratic Republic : on the awakening, the dream and the sleep of reason. - Journal of Contemporary European Studies < P 4° 4745 >. - (1998,Autumn) n°13, p.97-120 http://ejournals.ebsco.com/Journal2.asp?JournalID=109429 Crome, Erhard. - DDR-Spuren und Bilder. - Berliner Debatte Initial <P 8° 2161>. - (1998)9.Jahrg.:Nr.2/3, p.2-131. - Tabl. - Suite d'articles. - Bibliogr. - Suite d'articles consacrés à différents aspects politiques de la RDA et à leur perception a posteriori ainsi qu'à la place de la RDA dans l'histoire. Das war die DDR : DDR-Forschung im Fadenkreuz von Herrschaft, Aussenbeziehungen, Kultur und Souveränität / Heiner Timmermann (Hg.). - Münster : LIT, cop. 2004. - 1 vol. (788 p.) ; 20 cm. - (Dokumente und Schriften der Europäischen Akademie Ötzenhausen). Cote : 8°255.092 DDR / mit Beiträgen von Walter Sperling ... [et al.] ; Redaktion, Hans-George Wehling. - Stuttgart : W. Kohlhammer, c1983. - 239 p. : ill. ; 19 cm. - (Kohlhammer Taschenbücher ; Bürger im Staat). Cote : 12°028.082 Die DDR als Geschichte : Fragen, Hypothesen, Perspektiven / hrsg. Jürgen Kocka et Martin Sabrow. - Berlin : Akademie-Verlag, 1994. - 254 p. ; 24 cm. - (Zeithistorische Studien). Cote : 8°166.898 2 DDR : 40 Jahre Einheit. - Einheit <P 8° 1571>. - <P 8° 1571>. - (1989- 09/10)vol.44:n°9/10, p.788-965. - Numéro spécial à l’occasion du 40ème anniversaire de la création de la RDA : un bilan complet des divers aspects de la vie politique en RDA de 1949 à 1989. Voir notamment les articles de Honecker, Erich ; Sindermann, Horst ; Kessler, Heinz ; Mittag, Günter ; Schabowski, Günter ; Tiedke, Kurt. Das Ende der DDR : eine politische Autopsie / Bund Sozialistischer Arbeiter. - Essen : Arbeiterpresse-Verlag, 1992. - 506 p. ; 20 cm. Cote : 8°151.396 Fondation nationale des sciences politiques (France). Centre de documentation contemporaine. - La vie politique en République démocratique allemande de 1949 à 1990 : dossier de presse. - Paris : FNSP, Centre de documentation contemporaine, 1949-1990. - 10 tomes, 1949-1990. Tome 7 : (Archive 3260) : 01/01/1978-31/07/1989. Fin des années 1980 : inquiétude croissante du gouvernement est-allemand face à la perestroïka de Gorbatchev ; accord sur l'indemnisation des victimes juives du nazisme ; censure de la presse religieuse. Tome 8 : (Archive 3260) : 01/08/1989-12/11/1989. Accélération de l’exode d’Allemands de l’Est ; 10 sept. 1989 : la Hongrie décide de laisser sortir les Allemands de l’Est vers l’Autriche et la RFA ; 3 oct. 1989 : fermeture de la frontière vers la Tchécoslovaquie ; premières manifestations de masse à Leipzig ; le Neues Forum fédère la contestation ; 7 oct. 1989 : 40e anniversaire de la RDA, marqué par des manifestations ; 18 oct. 1989 : E. Honecker remplacé par E. Krentz comme secrétaire général du SED et comme chef d’Etat ; amnistie pour tous les réfugiés ; 1er novembre 1989 rétablissement du libre passage vers la Tchécoslovaquie ; dialogue entre le SED et l’opposition ; 2 nov. 1989 : démissions en cascade dans la nomenklatura est-allemande ; 3-4 nov/ 1989 : manifestations à Berlin et dans plusieurs villes ; 7-8 nov. 1989 : démission du gouvernement et du bureau politique du SED ; 9 nov. 1989 : ouverture totale des frontières et chute du mur de Berlin. http://dossierspresse.sciences-po.fr/consult/voir.php?dossier=RDA%2010%20t7 http://dossierspresse.sciences-po.fr/consult/voir.php?dossier=RDA%2010%20t8 Cote : RDA 10 Frisch, Alfred. - L'acharnement thérapeutique de la RDA. - Documents (Strasbourg) <P 8° 161>. - (1989-08)n°3, p.9-14. - Le régime de la RDA ne bénéficie plus de l’appui populaire et il est isolé dans le camp communiste. Malgré cela le SED refuse toute idée de démocratisation ou de libéralisation. D’autre part, l’opposition étant faible et mal organisée, elle a peu de chances de pouvoir imposer aux dirigeants la mise en œuvre de réformes. Fulbrook, Mary. - Anatomy of a dictatorship : inside the GDR, 1949-1989 / Mary Fulbrook Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1995. - XII-307 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. Cote : 8°177.071 Fulbrook, Mary. - The Limits of Totalitarianism: God, State and Society in the GDR; - Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. - (1997)série 6, vol.7, , pp. 25-52 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3679269 Funder, Anna. - Stasiland : Stories from behind the Berlin Wall / Anna Funder. - London : Granta,
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