SPECIAL SPECIFICATION 6326 OC3 Microwave Radio

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION 6326 OC3 Microwave Radio 2004 Specifications CSJ 0902-48-433 SPECIAL SPECIFICATION 6326 OC3 Microwave Radio 1. General. Furnish and install Wireless OC3 Microwave Radio as shown on the plans, as detailed in the Special Specifications, and as directed. Provide all similar OC3 Microwave Radios from the same manufacturer and are of the same model. Furnish new, corrosion resistant materials. Furnish, assemble, fabricate and install materials in strict accordance with the details shown on the plans and in the specifications. Provide an interference analysis for each TXDOT OC3 Microwave location to identify potential sources of interference. Adjust antenna polarities and channel plans on equipment to minimize interference from other sources. If the interference analysis shows possibility for interference at the TXDOT sites, conduct in-field monitoring to determine if actual interference exists. Perform a frequency search and conduct all other steps required to obtain an operating frequency license from the FCC to operate the links to be installed. Include licenses for all equipment, where required, for any software or hardware in the system. Supply a medical statement as to the safety of the unit to the general public (example: Pacemakers, etc.). 2. Materials. A. Functional Requirements. Ensure the Wireless OC3 Microwave Radio is a point to point, licensed, microwave radio that modulates/demodulates the 155 Mbps Sonet/SDH payloads, manages local and remote units, and must provide I/O line alarms, and interfaces for 1.544 Mbps Wayside channel, 64 Kbps User channel and 64 Kbps Order Wire channel. Ensure the OC3 Microwave system includes three major components, Indoor Unit (IDU), Outdoor Unit (ODU), and Antenna. Provide a single coaxial cable (Belden 9914, LMR-400, or equivalent) cable, carrying communications and DC power to connect the IDU to the ODU. Ensure the OC3 Microwave system must be a split radio configuration utilizing a IDU (Indoor Unit) and an ODU (Outdoor Unit). The IDU must be a compact, 1U-high unit, mount compatible for standard 19 in. racks. The IDU modulates/demodulates the 155 Mbps Sonet/SDH payloads, manages local and remote units, and must provide I/O line alarms, and interfaces for 1.544 Mbps Wayside channel, 64 Kbps User channel and 64 Kbps Order Wire channel. 1-11 XXXX 01-06 The IDU also interfaces a Local Maintenance Terminal or Network Management System. In addition, provide status alarms and indicators on the front panel. Provide a single IDU capable of operation as a: 1x1 hot-standby 1x1 hot-standby/space diversity 2 non-protected radio terminals The main IDU modules should include: • The following Network Interface combinations: OC3, OC3-C, 3xDS3, 100BTX, 2x100BTX, 100BTX+DS3, 100BTX+8xDS1, 2xDS3+8xDS1 • Multiplexer (MUX) • Modem • Manager Card • Cable Interface • Power Supply Design the ODU to be attached directly to the antenna using latches for frequencies of 11 Ghz and higher. For 6 Ghz ODU’s, the ODU must be a remote mount type with a flexible waveguide. The antenna must be mounted on a standard mounting pole. The ODU must be enclosed in a compact, weatherproof enclosure. The ODU major modules should include: • T/R Module - High sensitivity RF circuitry with full band frequency tuning range. • Controller - Controls the ODU and provides ODU status signals. • Accurate received signal level (RSL) reading (in dBm) should be available through a BNC connector. The ODU should also be provided with a headset for initial antenna alignment using a tone. • Cable Combiner • Power Supply. Recommend the appropriate frequency allocation to meet the link requirements listed in the plans. Provide OC3 Microwave system capable of operating in the frequency range of 6, 11, or 18 GHz, or as directed. The OC3 Microwave system will have an RS232 (PPP, SLIP) and a Ethernet bridge 10Base-T Network Management Interface and a RS232 (standard ASCII terminal) interface for local configuration and monitoring. The OC3 Microwave system shall use a single coaxial cable between the IDU and ODU. The cable must carry the following signals. 2-11 XXXX 01-06 • Transmit and receive modulated signals. • Transmit and receive control data and communications between the IDU manager and the ODU controller. • DC power from the IDU to the ODU. The OC3 Microwave system must: • Automatically issue an alarm if the cable is disconnected • Provide protection against shorts • Automatically compensate for cable length up to 1000 ft. The required power supply features of the OC3 Microwave system are: • Standard Input: -48 VDC • DC input range: -40.5 VDC to -72 VDC • DC/DC converter. • Reverse polarity protection. • Over-voltage and over-current protection. • Detection of IDU-ODU cable alarms (i.e. cable open, cable short). • The ODU must receive its DC power from the IDU. • Terminal (IDU + ODU) power consumption should not exceed 100W. Provide the OC3 Microwave system Multiplexer (MUX) module to function as a SONET Regenerator. On the line side it should interface the OC-3 stream, and on the radio side the Modem module. Equip the OC3 Microwave system with a 16-state QAM modem for frequencies of 18- 38 GHz and with a 128-state QAM modem for 6 - 18 GHz frequencies. The modem must be equipped with Digital Signal Processing functions as follows: • Digital IF - I/Q modulator/demodulator whose functions are: - Conversion of the modulated signal to/from the IF frequency. - Automatic level equalization on the signal from ODU. - Protection against overloads. • Timing recovery techniques employing digital tracking loop. • FEC (Forward Error Correction) which ensures unfaded BER lower than 10-13. 3-11 XXXX 01-06 The OC3 Microwave system Manager module controls and manages all system modules of the local and remote units. The Manager module must support the user interface through Ethernet or PPP/SLIP to the management station, and an ASCII terminal port. A local or dumb terminal must be able to be used for basic configuration and performance monitoring. Other features must include: • Log file • Remote software and firmware download (upgrades can be downloaded from local to remote) • Performance monitoring In addition to the above listed requirements the following features are required: • For IP applications, the system should incorporate dynamic bandwidth allocation between its 100BT ports. • The system design should offer easy scalability for higher capacities in the future, without adding more antennas. • The system should have add/drop capabilities for deployments in SONET ring or chain applications dropping 1-32 DS1s per node. • The proposed system should have an optional OC3 DES built-in encryption. The OC3 Microwave Radios shall meet the minimum requirements: Radio Specification 6 GHz 11 GHz 18 GHz Standards FCC FCC FCC Operating 5.925-6.425 GHz 10.7-11.7 GHz 17.7-19.7 GHz Fequency Range 6.425-7.1 GHz Tx/Rx Spacing 240, 252.04, 260, 490 MHz 1560 MHz 266, 340 MHz RF Channel 30 MHz 30/40 MHz 50/80 MHz Spacing Transmit Power 24 dBm 20 dBm 17 dBm Tx Attenuation 30 dBm 30 dBm 30 dBm Range Receiver -68 dBm -68 dBm -67 dBm Sensitivity (BER=10-6) 4-11 XXXX 01-06 All Frequencies Capacity OC-3/STM-1 or equivalent Modulation Type 16 QAM/128 QAM Frequency Stability 0.0010 ppm Frequency Source Synthesizer RF Channel Selection Via NMS System Configurations Non-Protected (1+0), Protected (1+1) For low frequencies (6-11 GHz) space diversity and frequency diversity can be used to ensure data integrity. A Hitless/Errorless switch must be used for such systems. -3 Receiver Overload (BER=10 ) Better than -20 dBm Unfaded BER Less than 10-13 Antenna 6-18 GHz Specificati 6 GHz 11 GHz 18 GHz on 2 Ft Gain 29.3 dBi -- 38.5 dBi 3 Ft Gain -- -- 42 dBi 4/6 Ft Gain 36.4/40.2 dBi 40.5/43.6 dBi 44.5/48 dBi All Frequencies Polarization Vertical or Horizontal Standard Mounting 1.9 in.-4.5 in. (subject to vendor and antenna OD Pole size) High Performance ETSI class 2, 3 5-11 XXXX 01-06 Network Mangement, Diagnostics, Status & Alarms Type SNMP, in compliance with RFC 1213, RFC 1595 (Sonet MIB) Local or Remote GUI for Windows 95/98/NT or UNIX, capable of NMS Station integration with HP OpenView NMS Interface Ethernet bridge 10Base-T, RS-232 (PPP, SLIP) Local Standard ASCII terminal, serial RS-232 Configuration and Monitoring In-Band Must Use standard embedded communications Management channel DCC bytes D1-D3 for in-band management. TMN NMS functions to be in accordance with ITU-T recommendations for TMN. External Alarms 8 Inputs, TTL-level or contact closure to ground, 5 Outputs, Form C contacts, software configurable RSL Indication Accurate power reading (dBm) must be available at IDU, ODU and NMS Performance Integral with an on board memory per ITU-TG.826 Monitoring Wireless Networking : Network Topologies Point-to-Point Payload 155.52 Mbps Main Channel Payload Types Sonet: OC-3/sts-3, OC-3c/STS-3c, SDH: OC-3, ATM over Sonet/SDH, 3xDS3/ES3, IP over SONET (100BT, 2x100BT), 100BT+8DS1, 100BT+DS3, 2xDS3 + 8xDS1 Physical Electrical: CMI, UTP, STP, optical: single-mode, multi- Interfaces mode, long-haul & short-haul Compatible ITU-T G.703, G.707, G.783, G.823, G.957, G.958, ITU- Standards T I.432, ATM Forum, ETSI ETS 300 147, ETS 300 417, ANSI T1.105, ANSI T1.102-1993, Bellcore GR-253- core, TR-NWT-000499 1544/2048 Kbps Wayside Channel * Available Interfaces T1/E1, Ethernet bridge 10Base-T or RS- 530 6-11 XXXX 01-06 User Channel User Channel 64 Kbps, RS-232 Service Channel Engineering Order Wire ADM CVSD audio channel (64 Kb/s) Interfaces (general): All interfaces must be available as modular plug-in interface units.
Recommended publications
  • Newsgathering Transmission Techniques
    NEWSGATHERING TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUES Ennes Workshop – Miami, FL March 8, 2013 Kevin Dennis Regional Sales Manager 2 Vislink is Built on a Firm Foundation 3 Presentation Outline • Advancements in video encoding technology – H.264 versus MPEG-2 • Advancements in licensed microwave technology – Implementing HD/SD H.264 encoding – Modulation, FEC, high power Linear Amps • Advancements in bandwidth capacity of public access networks (Cellular and Wi-Fi) – 3G, 4G, LTE, WiMax – HD/SD Bonded Cellular Video Transmission • Comparison of strengths and weaknesses of licensed microwave transmission versus public network transmissions Newsgathering Transmission Techniques • Advancements in video encoding technology • Advancements in licensed microwave technology • Advancements in bandwidth capacity of public access networks (Cellular and Wi-Fi) • Comparison of strengths and weaknesses of licensed microwave transmission versus public network transmissions H.264 (MPEG-4 AVC / Part10) versus MPEG-2 • H.264/MPEG-4 AVC is a block-oriented motion-compensation based codec standard • First version of the standard was completed in 2003 • H.264 video compression is significantly more efficient than MPEG-2 encoding providing two-fold improvement as compared to MPEG-2 • H.264 HD encoding not excessively expensive to implement as compared to first MPEG-2 encoders H.264 (MPEG-4 AVC) vs. MPEG-2 H.264 is approximately twice as efficient as MPEG-2 Video quality comparison of H.264 (solid blue line with squares) and MPEG-2 (dotted red line with circles) as a function of bit rate compared to 100 Mbps source material. H.264 (MPEG-4 AVC) vs. MPEG-2 Low Motion Video - there is very little video quality difference between H.264 and MPEG-2 Video Images posted by Jan Ozer, Video Technology Instructor H.264 (MPEG-4 AVC) vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Overcoming Barriers to Providing Mobile Coverage Everywhere
    WHITE PAPER Overcoming Barriers to Providing Mobile Coverage Everywhere Published by © 2018 Introduction New international efforts to tackle digital While connecting the unconnected is an inequality have made expanding broadband important driver for expanding coverage, it’s not infrastructure a global priority. The United the only one. Operators in developing and Nations’ Broadband Commission for Sustainable developed countries are under pressure to build Development recently set ambitious targets for out infrastructure for a variety of business and 2025 to connect the remaining half of the regulatory reasons. Depending on the market, world’s population to the Internet. The goals operator requirements include meeting coverage include a mandate for all countries to establish obligations attached to spectrum licenses, funded national broadband plans, or broadband providing national emergency or disaster universal service requirements, as well as making recovery services, reducing roaming and leased affordable broadband services available in line costs and growing their customer base. developing countries (costing less than 2% of monthly gross national income per capita) by 2025. Mobile Internet connectivity will be key to “Mobile Internet achieving these broadband sustainable development goals that will bring economic and connectivity is key to social benefits to billions of people worldwide. There are two categories of unconnected achieving sustainable people: those that are covered by mobile broadband, 3G or 4G, infrastructure but do not development goals that use Internet services and those with no access to mobile networks at all. According to the will bring economic and GSMA, about 3.3 billion people are covered but not connected, while 1 billion people are not social benefits to billions covered.
    [Show full text]
  • Microwave Receivers with Direct Digitization
    Microwave Receivers with Direct Digitization Dmitri E. Kirichenko, Timur V. Filippov, and Deepnarayan Gupta HYPRES, Elmsford, NY, 10532, U.S.A. Abstract — Superconductor analog-to-digital converters integrated circuit (IC) technology with Niobium (Nb) (ADCs) and ultrafast digital circuitry enable processing of Josephson junctions (JJs), currently offer the best solution. microwave signals entirely in the digital domain. We have Superconductor ICs combine high-linearity, wideband ADCs designed and demonstrated a wide variety of continuous-time bandpass delta-sigma modulators using Josephson junction [2] and ultrafast digital logic, called rapid single flux quantum comparators. Featuring sampling frequencies up to 30 GHz, (RSFQ). A family of superconductor digital-RF receiver single-chip digital receivers have been demonstrated by (called ADR) chips (Fig. 1), comprising an ADC and a digital connecting a rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) digital circuitry channelizer circuit, performing digital down-conversion and with these ADCs. These receiver chips, cooled to 4 K by cryogen- filtering, have been demonstrated. Notably, a digital-RF free refrigerators, have been used with room-temperature digital processors to demonstrate reception of microwave signals for X- receiver system, comprising a cryocooled ADR chip, was band satellite communications and Link-16 data links. To date, demonstrated reception of live satellite communication signals the highest frequency of direct digitization is 21 GHz for satellite in the X-band (7.25-7.75 GHz) [3]. In this paper, we focus on communication. We report recent advances in ADC design to ADCs for various microwave frequency bands ranging from 1 obtain higher dynamic range. GHz to 21 GHz. Index Terms — Analog-to-digital converter, RSFQ, cryogenic, Digital Output (I) SATCOM.
    [Show full text]
  • Satellite Backhaul Vs Terrestrial Backhaul: a Cost Comparison
    Satellite Backhaul vs Terrestrial Backhaul: A Cost Comparison A perfect storm 3 Network deployment comparison 4 Semi-rural terrestrial backhaul deployment 4 Rural terrestrial backhaul deployment 5 TCO Comparison 6 July 2015 LTE Backhaul over Satellite p. 2 ©2015 Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd. All rights reserved. A perfect storm The mobile industry and the satellite industry have worked in parallel for decades, occasionally targeting the same market but mostly not. While mobile operators satisfied the vast demand for personalized on- the-move connectivity in population centers, satellite focused on connectivity in remote regions. But then - two phenomena converged. One was that mobile traffic became increasingly data-driven. This meant that the throughput requirements for mobile networks would need to grow exponentially. As the diagram below shows, using the United States as an example, mobile network traffic is expected to double between 2015 and 2017. Figure 1: Mobile Traffic Forecasts The proliferation of data over mobile has spurred the adaption of higher communications standards such as 4G/LTE. While these standards have not yet been implemented everywhere, they are surely on their way, and standards with even higher capacity – 5G and beyond – will follow. At the same time, advances in the satellite industry have slashed the cost of bandwidth. High-Throughput Satellites (HTS) offer significantly increased capacity, reducing bandwidth costs by as much as 70 July 2015 LTE Backhaul over Satellite p. 3 ©2015 Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd. All rights reserved. percent. This breakthrough has helped position satellite communication as a cost-effective alternative for delivering broadband while reducing operating expenses.
    [Show full text]
  • Where's the Interference? Finding out Helps Improve Wi-Fi Performance
    Newsletter Article Where’s the Interference? Finding Out Helps Improve Wi-Fi Performance and Security What do microwave ovens, cordless phones, and wireless video surveillance cameras have in common? They all can create interference that affects the performance, reliability, and security of a school’s wireless network. “When schools limited their use of Wi-Fi to the library and administration areas, an occasional dropped connection caused by interference from a 2.4 GHz phone or a microwave oven wasn’t much of a problem,” says Sylvia Hooks, senior manager for mobility solutions at Cisco.. “It’s a different story when schools provide campuswide wireless connectivity for students, faculty, and staff.” In fact, many K-12 districts are in the process of expanding their wireless networks to provide high-performance 802.11n wireless for high-speed Internet access, web-based student information systems, and video for classroom learning and district meetings. Quickly Find Interference Sources The complication is that Wi-Fi operates in an unlicensed spectrum, shared by equipment ranging from cordless phones to baby monitors. Until recently, if teachers or students complained about wireless network performance, school IT teams could not readily identify the types and locations of the devices causing the interference, especially if the interference was intermittent. And when IT teams did find the source, which could be as benign as a neighboring building’s wireless network, mitigating the problem took specialized skills and time, both in short supply within school IT teams stretched thin. Easily Visualize Wireless Air Quality Now school IT teams have an easy way to visualize the wireless spectrum.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIT -1 Microwave Spectrum and Bands-Characteristics Of
    UNIT -1 Microwave spectrum and bands-characteristics of microwaves-a typical microwave system. Traditional, industrial and biomedical applications of microwaves. Microwave hazards.S-matrix – significance, formulation and properties.S-matrix representation of a multi port network, S-matrix of a two port network with mismatched load. 1.1 INTRODUCTION Microwaves are electromagnetic waves (EM) with wavelengths ranging from 10cm to 1mm. The corresponding frequency range is 30Ghz (=109 Hz) to 300Ghz (=1011 Hz) . This means microwave frequencies are upto infrared and visible-light regions. The microwaves frequencies span the following three major bands at the highest end of RF spectrum. i) Ultra high frequency (UHF) 0.3 to 3 Ghz ii) Super high frequency (SHF) 3 to 30 Ghz iii) Extra high frequency (EHF) 30 to 300 Ghz Most application of microwave technology make use of frequencies in the 1 to 40 Ghz range. During world war II , microwave engineering became a very essential consideration for the development of high resolution radars capable of detecting and locating enemy planes and ships through a Narrow beam of EM energy. The common characteristics of microwave device are the negative resistance that can be used for microwave oscillation and amplification. Fig 1.1 Electromagnetic spectrum 1.2 MICROWAVE SYSTEM A microwave system normally consists of a transmitter subsystems, including a microwave oscillator, wave guides and a transmitting antenna, and a receiver subsystem that includes a receiving antenna, transmission line or wave guide, a microwave amplifier, and a receiver. Reflex Klystron, gunn diode, Traveling wave tube, and magnetron are used as a microwave sources.
    [Show full text]
  • DVB-S2 Modem SK-IP / SK-DV / SK-TS
    Visit us at www.work-microwave.de DVB-S2 Modem SK-IP / SK-DV / SK-TS WORK Microwave’s high-speed DVB-S2 IP modem filters and amplifiers of satellites by automatically SK-IP provides operators with a platform for compensating for linear and non linear distortions. transferring IP/Ethernet data over DVB-S2 satellite Subsequently the satellite link can be operated with connections. Ethernet frames and IP packets are less back off/higher power and a higher signal-to- encapsulated directly within DVB-S2 baseband noise ratio increases beam coverage ensuring higher frames, resulting in low encapsulation overhead. throughput and availability for the satellite operator. In order to achieve speeds up to 356 Mbit/s, only the fastest and most bandwidth efficient encapsulation Flexible RF connectivity and modulation parameters are supported. For The modulator provides the modulated signal from 50 maximum bandwidth efficiency and ease of operation to 180 MHz IF or at L-band. With the L-band output, a the device uses Generic Stream Encapsulation 10 MHz reference signal for a block upconverter can according to TS 102 606 and Multiprotocol be enabled on the TX port, as well as DC power 24 V Encapsulation according to EN 301 192. or 48 V (Option DC24 or DC48). The modem SK-TS is used for transmitting and The demodulator accepts an L-band signal in the receiving signals as MPEG transport streams. DVB-S range from 950 to 2150 MHz on two inputs or as well as DVB-S2 modulation types are supported. alternatively an IF signal in the range from 50 to 180 MHz on a single input.
    [Show full text]
  • MICROWAVE OVEN SIGNAL INTERFERENCE and MITIGATION for WI-FI COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Tanim M
    MICROWAVE OVEN SIGNAL INTERFERENCE AND MITIGATION FOR WI-FI COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Tanim M. Taher, Matthew J. Misurac, Joseph L. LoCicero, Donald R. Ucci Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago, IL 60616 Email: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT magnetron tuned to approximately 2.45 GHz (the commercial MWO uses two magnetrons), and typically The MicroWave Oven (MWO) is a commonly available radiates across the entire Wi-Fi spectrum. This device appliance that does not transmit data, but still radiates emits electromagnetic Radio Frequency (RF) power that, signals in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific and when operating simultaneously and in proximity to Wi-Fi Medical (ISM) band. The MWO thus acts as an devices, can cause data loss [3] and even connection unintentional interferer for IEEE 802.11 Wireless Fidelity termination. For this reason, the common residential (Wi-Fi) communication signals. An analytic model of the MWO is the most critical application to investigate with MWO signal is developed and studied in this paper. Based the goal of interference mitigation through the use of on this model, an interference mitigation technique is cognitive radio. developed that incorporates cognitive radio paradigms allowing Wi-Fi devices to reliably transmit information In this paper, an improved analytical model for the MWO while a residential MWO is operating. This technique is signal is proposed, simulated, and emulated. The applied in the experimental case where Barker spread analytical model is key to fully understanding the Wi-Fi signals carry data in the presence of MWO interference process and this model is useful in wireless emissions.
    [Show full text]
  • Microwave Point-To-Point Systems in 4G Wireless Networks and Beyond
    Microwave Point-to-Point Systems in 4G Wireless Networks and Beyond Harvey Lehpamer 1. Introduction As wireless carriers start to move towards 4G mobile technology, it is placing huge demands on their backhaul infrastructure. The multiple, high-bandwidth, quality-sensitive services that carriers have planned for 4G technology requires an infrastructure that is packet-based, scalable and resilient, as well as cost- effective to install, operate and manage. Network physical links configuration and mediums used to connect nodes are some of most important problems of mobile communication network planning because they will determine the long-term performance and service quality of networks. We should not forget the fact that most of the traffic between the users on a wireless network still goes over some type of wireline transmission network (fiber, copper) and only the last few to a few hundred feet to the end-subscriber are really and truly wireless. Transmission network could also be designed using wireless backhaul i.e. microwave links. In this paper we will focus on challenges wireless companies and their transmission engineers are facing in order to meet the capacity, reliability, performance, speed of deployment, and cost challenges in microwave point-to-point networks. Microwave networks, although very popular in the rest of the word, only recently have become a topic of interest in North American wireless networks. A reason for that is that so far Telco operators were able to provide T1 circuits (so-called leased T1 lines) in many places of interest to wireless operators; lately, requirements have changed and capacity requirements are becoming one of the main driving forces in searching for alternatives, namely – microwave systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Microwave Wireless Power Transfer System Based on a Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna Array
    energies Article Microwave Wireless Power Transfer System Based on a Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna Array Haiyue Wang , Lianwen Deng , Heng Luo * , Junsa Du, Daohan Zhou and Shengxiang Huang School of Physcis and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; [email protected] (H.W.); [email protected] (L.D.); [email protected] (J.D.); [email protected] (D.Z.); [email protected] (S.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-139-7585-1402 Abstract: The microwave wireless power transfer (MWPT) technology has found a variety of appli- cations in consumer electronics, medical implants and sensor networks. Here, instead of a magnetic resonant coupling wireless power transfer (MRCWPT) system, a novel MWPT system based on a frequency reconfigurable (covering the S-band and C-band) microstrip patch antenna array is proposed for the first time. By switching the bias voltage-dependent capacitance value of the varactor diode between the larger main microstrip patch and the smaller side microstrip patch, the working frequency band of the MWPT system can be switched between the S-band and the C-band. Specifi- cally, the operated frequencies of the antenna array vary continuously within a wide range from 3.41 to 3.96 GHz and 5.7 to 6.3 GHz. For the adjustable range of frequencies, the return loss of the antenna array is less than −15 dB at the resonant frequency. The gain of the frequency reconfigurable antenna array is above 6 dBi at different working frequencies. Simulation results verified by experimental results have shown that power transfer efficiency (PTE) of the MWPT system stays above 20% at different frequencies.
    [Show full text]
  • Over the Range Microwave
    MICROWAVE OVEN Installation Guide and Users Manual Registering Your Product Please register your ZLINE appliance to activate your warranty. Begin the simple registration process by scanning the QR code. By registering your appliance, you will have access to: • Technical Support • Warranty Service • Tracking your support inquiries ZLINE is fueled by a passion for innovation; A relentless pursuit of bringing the highest end luxury designs and professional features into everyone's homes. Because we continually strive to improve our products, we may change specifications and designs without prior notice. WARNING: This product can expose you to chemicals including nickel, which is known to the State of California to cause cancer. For more information, go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov. Combining precise, high performance technology with seamless integration, the ZLINE Microwave Oven is an elite upgrade for a professional kitchen suite. Experience optimal results for every dish with 11 different power levels, utilizing regular heat, broil, or convection cooking elements. Premium cooking features include multi-stage cooking technology, sensor cooking, express cooking, and multiple auto-defrost. Have peace of mind in a busy kitchen with the integrated child lock safety feature. Enjoy a modern, yet versatile built-in installation and superior cooking with the ZLINE Microwave Oven. Warranty COVERAGE ZLINE Kitchen and Bath microwave parts will be warrantied for two years from the original purchase date for the original purchaser of the product. TERMS This warranty applies only to the original purchaser of the product installed for normal residential use. This is defined as a single-family, residential dwelling in a non-commercial setting.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Gan HEMT for Microwave Wireless Communications
    INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS Development of GaN HEMT for Microwave Wireless Communications Shinya MIZUNO*, Fumio YAMADA, Hiroshi YAMAMOTO, Makoto NISHIHARA, Takashi YAMAMOTO and Seigo SANO High-power broadband devices are increasingly required for microwave wireless communication such as terrestrial and satellite communication over 6 GHz (e.g., C-band). Thus far, GaAs devices have been used in these communication systems, however, the properties of GaAs are insufficient to meet the high-power broadband requirements. To address this challenge, we have focused on the superior physical properties of GaN. Based on our GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology for cellular base stations (e.g., L/S-band), we have developed a GaN HEMT applicable for the C-band, which is commonly used for microwave wireless communication. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the GaN HEMT and a 20 W-class internally-matched broadband device equipped with the GaN HEMT. Keywords: GaN HEMT, microwave, wireless, amplifier, broadband 1. Introduction more than 8 versions of GaAs devices are required, because the conventional GaAs devices have very narrow band per- Gallium Nitride (GaN) devices are desirable for the formance of approximately 1 GHz bandwidth at 10 GHz. application of high-power and high-speed operation elec- In contrast, the high-power device using GaN HEMTs tron devices because of their excellent properties such as accomplished 60 W radio frequency (RF) output power in large energy band gap and high saturated electron velocity. 1 GHz bandwidth(1). Hence, the GaN HEMT has superior We have already developed and produced GaN HEMTs*1 characteristics in high power and broadband capability on SiC substrate targeting the frequency range of L/S-band than GaAs devices.
    [Show full text]