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Eriocrania) Semipurpurella (Stephens, 1835

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Eriocrania) Semipurpurella (Stephens, 1835 TaxOn (Taxonomy Online) ISSN: 2071-873X Eriocrania (Eriocrania) semipurpurella (Stephens, 1835) Michael A. Kurz Imprint owner of the media and publisher: NATURKUNDLICHE GESELLSCHAFT ZVR-no. 056544907 contact: Mag. Michael Kurz address: Josef-Waach-Str. 13, A-5023 Salzburg e-mail: [email protected] Mag. Dr. Marion Kurz e-mail: [email protected] usufructuary rights: Herewith the user accepts, that the usage of all offered services exclusively complies to the following usufructuary rights. The placement at one´s disposal as well as the usage of the services are liable to the legal regulations, especially those concerning protection of personal data, copyright as well as protection of trademarks and registered patterns. All information provided on this publication is licensed under a CC-BY-SA-3.0 Creative Commons-License, unless stated otherwise. TaxOn (Taxonomy Online) ISSN: 2071-873X Eriocrania (Eriocrania) semipurpurella (Stephens, 1835) General information: Lampronia semipurpurella Stephens, 1835: 359. Type locality: England, Kent, Darenth Wood Type: Syntype 1 , in coll. NHM, London (Davis 1978). Synonyms, misspellings, wrong determinations, etc.: Micropteryx amentella Zeller, 1850: 63. Type locality: Not specifically stated. Junior subjective synonym. Micropteryx inconspicuella Wood, 1890: 3. Type locality: Not stated (presumably in the vicinity of Tarrington, Ledbury, England following Davis 1978). Junior subjective synonym. Habit: : Salzburg, Flachgau, Eugendorf, : Salzburg, Untersberg area, : Salzburg, Untersberg area, Wörlemoos near Unzing, Großgmain, Wartberg, 1974.04.01, Großgmain, Wartberg, 1974.04.01, 1990.03.21, leg. et coll. Michael leg. Fritz Mairhuber, coll. Haus der leg. Fritz Mairhuber, coll. Haus der Kurz Natur Natur Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: Kurz Michael Detailed view Detailed view Detailed view Description of adults: Examined: 8 , 2 . Forewing length: 5.9 - 6.1 mm, 5.2 - 5.5 mm. Head black- brown; vestiture of hair-like scales on the head sparse, brown, mixed light grey; eyes 0.3 mm in diameter, distance of eyes about 1.5 times the diameter (frontal view); maxillary palpi long, folded, smoothly, but sparsely scaled, beige; antennae nearly 3/4 ( ), respectively, about 2/3 ( ) of forewing length, dark brown with coppery reflections, mixed whitish at the underside; thorax dorsally at the anterior margin with adpressed scales, like the tegulae golden, spotted purple and blue; thorax otherwise sparsely scaled with hair-like scales, light and dark brown mixed, at the underside also golden shining; forewings moderately broad, purple-violet with more or less numerous, interspersed blue scales, partly fused to small spots and numerous small, irregular golden spots, arranged in an irregular reticulate pattern; basad of the tornus a roundish to elongate, yellowish spot at the inner margin, reaching across 1/4 of the wing width, sometimes nearly missing, sometimes reaching nearly across half of the wing width; fringe bronzy golden shining; hindwings with very narrow, nearly hair-like scales, leaving most of the wing membrane uncovered, being more numerous and somewhat broader only towards the apex of the wing; hindwings with nacre-like, coppery reflections, apically purplish; wing margin near the apex purple- violet with interspersed blue scales; fringe coppery, partly light golden shining; legs brown, bronzy golden shining; foretibia without epiphysis; midtibia with a single spur at the distal end; hindtibia with a pair of spurs each at about 0.7 - 0.8 of the tibial length and at the distal end. Distribution: E. semipurpurella is distributed from northern and central Europe throughout temperate Asia to Japan (anonymous 2012, Dubatolov 2012, Karsholt & Nieukerken 2013) and is recorded also from North America (from eastern Ontario east to Nova Scotia and south to southern New York following Davis 1978). Eriocrania semipurpurpella pacifica Davis, 1978 from western North America probably represents a separate species, due to its different hostplant (Wagner 1985) and minor morphological differences. In Europe, records are missing from Iceland, Portugal, the Mediterranean islands, most parts of the Balkans and parts of eastern Europe only (Moldova and Ukraine, see Karsholt & Nieukerken 2013, Dubatolov 2012). Verically, records are available from near sea-level up to 1050 m a.s.l. (Kurz & Kurz 2015). TaxOn (Taxonomy Online) ISSN: 2071-873X Biology: E. semipurpurella has been found on high moor around Betula pubescens, at the margin of a pine-birch-spruce mixed forest. Nearby, there were open areas covered with Sphagnum sp., as well as with numerous small bushes of Betula pubescens (Kurz & Kurz 2015). Following Heath (1983), the animals are on the wing in full sunshine, sometimes in small swarms. During dull weather, they rest on the twigs. Sometimes, the animals may come to light too. The flight period lasts from late March to April in central Europe (Kurz & Kurz 2015), in North America a period from April till late May is recorded (Davis 1978). Stages in development: Salzburg, Flachgau, Eugendorf, Salzburg, Flachgau, Eugendorf, Unzing, Wörlemoos, 1989.05.19, leg. Unzing, Wörlemoos, 1989.05.19, leg. et coll. Michael Kurz et coll. Michael Kurz Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: Kurz Michael Detailed view Detailed view Morphology of preimaginal stages (Heath 1983). Egg. The eggs are laid on buds of birch. Larva. The larva is whitish with a light ochreous brown head. It lives from the end of March till May in a blotch- like mine in the leaves of birch. Pupa. The pupa rests in a tough silken cocoon in the ground. Anatomy: -genitalia, prep.-no. 473, M. Kurz: the same preparation, tip of -genitalia, prep.-no. 523, M. Kurz: -genitalia, prep.-no. 480, M. Kurz: Salzburg, Flachgau, Eugendorf, aedeagus and parameres Salzburg, Flachgau, Eugendorf, Salzburg, Untersberg area, Unzing, Wörlemoos, 1990.03.21, Unzing, Wörlemoos, 1991.04.11, Großgmain, Wartberg, 1974.04.01, leg et. coll. Michael Kurz leg. et coll. Michael Kurz leg. Fritz Mairhuber, coll. Haus der Natur, Salzburg Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: Kurz Michael Detailed view Detailed view Detailed view Detailed view TaxOn (Taxonomy Online) ISSN: 2071-873X -genitalia, prep.-no. 477, M. Kurz: -genitalia, internal abdominal abdomen, prep.-no. 477, M. Kurz, Salzburg, Untersberg area, sclerite: Canada, Quebec, Lac sensorium: Salzburg, Untersberg Großgmain, Wartberg, 1974.04.01, Mondor area, Großgmain, Wartberg, leg. Fritz Mairhuber, coll. Haus der 1974.04.01, leg. Fritz Mairhuber, Natur, Salzburg coll. Haus der Natur, Salzburg Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: © Davis 1978 Picture from: Kurz Michael Detailed view Detailed view Detailed view Pregenital abdomen. Sternite V in both sexes laterally with a round, weakly sclerotized sensory organ on both sides, which has the form of a short tube; sternite IV in females laterally with an oval, weakly sclerotized area, which has about 1.5-2 times the diameter of the structure on sternite V. genitalia. Genitalia very stout; twin lobes of uncus medium sized, moderately broad, triangulate, at their posterior tip with a strongly sclerotized, distinctly offset area with moderately long, inwardly directed, spinoid setae; valves reduced, distinctly asymmetric, lobe-like drooping from the posterior margin of the vinculum; left valve somewhat dislocated dorsally, very small, extending only across half of the length of the posterior margin of the vinculum; at its psterior margin an area of short, spinoid setae; right valve extending across the full length of the posterior margin of the vinculum, at its posterior margin also with an area of short, spinoid setae; appendices of the vinculum of about the same length as the dorsal margin of the vinculum, slender; aedeagus long and slender, of about the same length as vinculum and its appendices together; paramere as long as the aedeagus, at the posterior end slightly inflated und distinctly dentated. genitalia. Internal abdominal sclerite (tergite IX ?) with two hook-like branches, the dorsal one fork-like divided; sternite IX reduced to two very narrow chitinous ridges; apophyses very long, apohyses anteriores reaching back to abdominal segment VI, apohyses posteriores reaching back to abdominal segment V; tergite X (?) forming a rod-like sclerotization in longitudinal direction; tip of ovipositor without distinct characters; inner genital organs not sclerotized. Diagnosis: E. semipurpurella : Salzburg, E. sangii : Eastern Tyrol, Eriocrania species : Eastern Tyrol, E. semipurpurella -genitalia, Untersberg area, Großgmain, Lengberg, 850 m, 2004.04.03, leg. Drau valley, near Lienz, Lengberg, prep.-no. 473, M. Kurz: Salzburg, Wartberg, 1974.04.01, leg. Fritz Helmut Deutsch, coll. Michael Kurz 800-850 m, 2007.04.15, leg. Helmut Flachgau, Eugendorf, Unzing, Mairhuber, coll. Haus der Natur Deutsch, coll. Michael Kurz Wörlemoos, 1990.03.21, leg et. coll. Michael Kurz Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: Kurz Michael Picture from: Zeller Christof Picture from: Kurz Michael Detailed view Detailed view Detailed view Detailed view TaxOn (Taxonomy Online) ISSN: 2071-873X E. sangii -genitalia, prep.-no. 470, Tip of paramere: above: E. E. semipurpurella -genitalia, prep.- E. sangii -genitalia, prep.-no. 930, M. Kurz: Salzburg, Untersberg area, semipupurella, below: E. sangii no. 477, M. Kurz: Salzburg, M. Kurz: Eastern Tyrol, Dölsach, Großgmain, Wartberg, 1974.03.23, Untersberg area, Großgmain,
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