SECOND NARROWS WATER SUPPLY, VANCOUVER, BC NAVI GATION THROUGH CHANGING GEOLOGY The new Second Narrows water supply tunnel will be excavated deep under the Burrard Inlet, just east of the Ironworker’s Memorial Bridge. Due to complex geological conditions, the first ever Mixshield in Canada will be utilized in this project. With project-specific technology and s u p p o r t from the local Herrenknecht subsidiary, the 1,100 meters of new tunnel will replace the existing aging mains that convey drinking water. herrenknecht.com/secondnarrows

Client: Metro Vancouver Contractor: Traylor-Aecon General Partnership INSIDE this issue OCTOBER 2020

COVER STORY 10 Utilization of Underground Space Promotes Urban Development By Nasri Munfah A look at the role of subway construction and development in today’s cities.

FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 14 21 4 Market Spotlight: Special Sponsored Publisher’s Message By Jim Rush Roadheaders Content Section Antraquip’s Karl Mitterndorfer discusses TBM highlights the industry’s leading the latest deveopments in roadheaders. consultants, contractors, suppliers and manufacturers. 5 Business Briefs 16 News from across North America Underground Projects 41 and around the world. Project Update Forge Ahead A look at major tunneling works Jay Dee Contractors’ essential workers underway in North America. 47 keep critical infrastructure safe. Ad Index 18 47 Tunnel Lighting Upgraded lighting in Chesapeake Bay Business Cards Bridge-Tunnel results in unique, new design innovations.

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine (ISSN 1553-2917) is published six times per year. Copyright 2020, Benjamin Media Inc., 10050 Brecksville Road, Brecksville, OH 44141. USA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted by any means without written permission from the publisher. One year subscription rates: complimentary in the United States and Canada, and $99 in other foreign countries. Single copy rate: $20. Subscriptions and classified advertising should be addressed to the Brecksville office. POSTMASTER: send Changes of Address to TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine, 10050 Brecksville Road, Brecksville, OH 44141 USA.

tunnelingonline.com 3 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 PUBLISHER’S message PUBLISHER/EDITOR James W. Rush [email protected]

CONTRIBUTING STAFF EDITORS Sharon M. Bueno TUNNELING IN THE Brad Kramer Andrew Farr AGE OF COVID Mike Kezdi SALES + MARKETING

Director of Marketing: The topic of this month’s cover story Also in this issue, we talked with tunnel Kelly Dadich – “Utilization of Underground Space contracting firm Jay Dee, and highlight [email protected] Promotes Urban Development” – raises their projects that are playing a vital role in interesting discussion points, especially in protecting our environment, notably CSO Regional Sales Representative: light of the COVID-19 pandemic that is reduction programs. Based in Michigan Maura Bourquin impacting the country, and the world. in the heart of the Great Lakes region, Jay [email protected] Written by Nasri Munfah of AECOM, Dee has been involved with several projects Conference Sales Coordinator: a global engineering firm with deep roots that have an amazing impact on the water Meghan Squires in the transit sector, the article shows the quality of the region, restoring lakes and [email protected] beneficial impact of transit investment on rivers to swimmable/fishable goals outlined the development of our urban centers. in the Clean Water Act. Also of note, Jay PRODUCTION + FULFILLMENT Given the trends in population shifts toward Dee and tunnel contractors across the Graphic Designer/Production Coordinator: Deborah R. McManus cities and an increased need for sustainable county have been able to continue progress [email protected] and environmentally friendly transportation on projects underway due to the critical solutions, investment in mass transit should nature of the work and measures adopted Director of Web and Audience Development: be a priority. to help create safe jobsites. Mark Gorman Munfah uses New York City as a As Munfah notes in his article, “The use [email protected] backdrop to showcase how investment in of the underground space is sustainable. Audience Development/Sustainability Coordinator: an underground, urban transportation It provides isolation from the elements Cayla Poteete network has had a tremendous impact reducing power consumption and carbon [email protected] on the city. However, the current impact footprint. … The use of underground space of the COVID crisis has had substantial provides additional environmental benefits EDITORIAL COUNCIL impacts on New York’s mass transit system, in term of visual effects, air quality by Gary Brierley, P.E - Dr. Mole Inc. with similar impacts being felt across the removing vehicles from streets, less conges- Randy Essex, P.E. - Mott MacDonald - Ozdemir Engineering Inc. country. In the article, Munfah notes that tion, and a reduction of noise and vibration Dr. Levent Ozdemir, P.E. William W. Edgerton - McMillen Jacobs Associates subway ridership dropped to 10 percent resulting in a better quality of life at the Joe Gildner - Sound Transit of its daily boardings, although he wrote surface. The use of the underground facili- Paul Roy - AECOM that it is anticipated to return to its former ties improves the local and global ecological Jon Hurt - Arup levels within a year or two. cycle. … Underground facilities are more A recent article in the Economist (Sept. cost effective considering life-cycle cost and 5, 2020) reported that MTA, the agency triple bottom line since design life of all that manages the New York subway system, underground facilities exceed 100 years.” is losing $200 million a week and “is on In planning for our future, it is important the verge of financial collapse.” A Sept. 15 that we do not lose sight of the tremendous report by the American Public Transporta- benefits that underground facilities and Chief Executive Officer: tion Association (APTA) says that “six in 10 mass transit networks play in the overall Bernard P. Krzys [email protected] public transit systems will need to reduce health of our society. service and furlough employees in the President: coming months without an additional $32 Robert Krzys [email protected] billion in emergency federal funding from Congress.” APTA is urging Congress to Controller: pass new legislation that would provide $32 Marianne Saykes [email protected] billion in emergency transit funding to help agencies maintain services and workfoce 10050 Brecksville Rd. while we recover from the pandemic. Brecksville, OH 44141 USA The news for the tunneling sector is Ph: 330.467.7588 - Fax: 330.468.2289 not all bleak, however. Water and sewer Jim Rush www.benjaminmedia.com infrastructure funding remains a priority. Editor/Publisher, TBM e-mail: [email protected]

Reprint Information: Wright’s Media Ph: 877.652.5295 - Fax: 916.983.6762

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 4 tunnelingonline.com MINNEAPOLIS PLANNING BUSINESS briefs CENTRAL CITY PARALLEL STORMWATER TUNNEL CLARK COUNTY (NV) COMMISSION OKS TUNNEL EXPANSION PLAN the County Commission to move forward with our proposed passenger station and tunnel and are eager to take the next steps in creating an innovative transportation solution for our con- The City of Minneapolis Department of vention guests and visitors,” said Scott Sibella, Surface Waters and Sewers is planning to President of Resorts World Las Vegas. construct the Central City Parallel Stormwa- The decision comes after land-use applica- ter Tunnel in downtown Minneapolis. The On August 5, Resorts World Las Vegas, tion and design plans were submitted for the sandstone bedrock tunnel will be approximately the US $4.3 billion resort scheduled to open tunnel and passenger station to the Board of 4,300 ft long and range in size from 9.75-ft in summer 2021, received an approval by the County Commissioners on June 1. Marking to larger than 12-ft equivalent diameter. The Clark County Commission necessary to move an important milestone, the decision moves tunnel will outlet into a channel adjacent to the forward with constructing the resort’s pas- the landmark project into the next phase of the Mississippi River at the same location as the senger station and tunnel that will connect to permitting process. Construction is anticipated existing tunnel outlet. The tunnel will relieve the Las Vegas Convention Center campus the to begin by the end of this year. overpressurization in the undersized parallel transportation system being constructed by The The Resorts World Las Vegas passenger existing tunnel system. Boring Company. This new tunnel project will station will offer direct access to the heart of Bidding Documents will be available late transport passengers between the city’s newest the resort’s dining, retail and nightlife offerings, spring 2021 for fall 2021 construction start. integrated resort and the Las Vegas Convention as well as convenient access to the Las Vegas The project is valued at $50-$60 million. City Center (LVCC) via underground tunnels in all- Strip. Additional plans have been floated that of Minneapolis Department of Surface Waters electric Tesla vehicles in under just two minutes. would extend the tunnel through the strip and and Sewers, Attn: Joe Klejwa, Project Manager, “We are thrilled to receive approval from McCarran Airport. 1901 E 26th St, Minneapolis, MN 55404.

Delivering complex tunneling projects worldwide #AECOMTunneling

Pictured: Chinatown Station of the Central Subway Program, San Francisco, California

Contact: Nasri Munfah Director of Tunneling and Underground Engineering [email protected]

aecom.com

tunnelingonline.com 5 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 BUSINESS briefs

Updated Financial Plan Released for HUDSON TUNNEL PROJECT The Gateway Program Development continues to meet and exceed the threshold Corporation (GDC) on Aug. 28 announced for an improved rating in the CIG process. that an updated financial plan for construc- The Port Authority’s funding commitment and advancement on the project’s financial plan tion of the Hudson Tunnel Project has been alone surpasses the requirement to qualify for rating and funding. submitted in response to the Federal Transit CIG funding. The updated financial plan also – Revising the project’s estimated construc- Administration’s (FTA) annual call for proj- includes a continued Amtrak commitment of tion cost to account for the time-driven escala- ects for the Capital Investment Grant (CIG) nearly $1.3 billion. tion: after reducing the estimated construction Program. Overall construction costs for the project cost in the 2019 Financial Plan from $12.7 The project, for funding and financing increased $275 million, due to escalation from billion to $11.3 billion, the delay results in purposes, includes the construction of a new the delay in starting major construction, which a new estimated construction cost of $11.6 two-track rail tunnel beneath the Hudson cannot begin until a Final Environmental Im- billion. This includes $9.8 billion for the new River, the comprehensive rehabilitation of pact Statement (FEIS) and a Record of Decision tunnel and $1.8 billion for the rehabilitation of the existing 109-year-old North River Tunnel, (ROD) for the new tunnel and rehabilitation of the existing tunnel. and the completion of the third and final sec- the existing North River Tunnel are issued. – Requesting $5.5 billion from the FTA’s tion of the Hudson Yards Concrete Casing. Additional details of the 2020 Financial CIG Program, which continues to be more The 2020 financial plan includes a contin- Plan include: than $1 billion less than the request in the 2018 ued local share construction cost commitment – Responsibly updating the project’s pro- Financial Plan. The 2020 request represents of $5.55 billion from the State of New York, jected start of major construction by one year to 44.3% of the total project, which also continues State of New Jersey, and the Port Authority of early 2022, necessary while the project partners to be a reduction from the 49.4% previously New York & New Jersey. That commitment await Federal action on the FEIS and ROD sought in the 2018 Financial Plan.

bradshawcc.com TUNNELING SPECIALISTS 410.970.8300 ACCIONA SIGNS CONTRACT TO BUILD VANCOUVER BROADWAY SUBWAY PROJECT The Broadway Subway Project Cor- PROVIDING INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS poration, led by AC- FOR TUNNELING PROJECTS CIONA, has reached financial close to build the extension of the Millennium Line, a key link for the Vancouver subway transport system. The CAD$1.728 billion contract ($1.32 billion USD), which is being procured using a design-build-finance approach, includes the design and construction of 5.7 new km of network, part of which will be under- ground, including twin tunnels with an excavation diameter of 6.3 m as well as six new stations. Construction of the subway will involve works starting in 2020, with the new extension opening in 2025. Once in service, the journey time on the Millennium Line will take 11 minutes, saving passengers an average of 30 minutes a day while alleviating traffic congestion in the city. This will sig- MICROTUNNELING nificantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions: a sustainable solution that will TBM TUNNELING benefit the whole Vancouver community. HAND TUNNELING ACCIONA will be celebrating its 20th anniversary in Canada next year. SHAFT WORK This new contract marks ACCIONA 6th active infrastructure project in BC. ACCIONA and the Italian firm Ghella have extensive work experience

in tunneling projects. Both global companies have previously successfully collaborated to construct iconic international transport infrastructure such as Scandinavia’s longest railway tunnels for the Norwegian railway authori- BRADSHAWCONSTRUCTION CORPORATION ties (the Follo Line); the Legacy Way tunnels in Brisbane (Australia); and the Bologna Node on the Milan-Naples high-speed rail section in Italy.

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 6 tunnelingonline.com BART SILICON VALLEY PHASE II PROJECT: EARLY CONTRACTOR ENGAGEMENT BEGINS

are being issued to gauge interest in the four cluding Maintenance and Operations major project-related contracts from the Yard and buildings, yard track and transit design-build contractor community, rail, civil site restoration and demobi- and to obtain specific feedback on the scope lization, and the full construction of of the contract. the street level Santa Clara Station and The four contract categories are: parking garage. • Tunnel and Track work including the An RFIF for the Systems contract will fol- bored tunnel construction, procure- low by the end of the month, with the other ment of the tunnel boring machine, long two contract RFIFs to be announced later. The stretch of the BART Silicon Valley tunnel conveyors, precast tunnel lining Early construction activities are planned extension into Downtown San Jose and Santa and tunnel interior structures, including to begin in 2022 with substantial construc- Clara is entering the procurement stage of station platforms. tion completed by 2028, followed by systems the project. For this mega project, currently • Systems including system wide equip- testing, integration, and safety certification. at an early design stage, the procurement ment/fixtures such as large emergency For more contract details and information, process begins with seeking out contractors and ventilation fans, tunnel lighting, com- download this brochure. subcontractors to initially provide feedback, munication systems, bulk power supply VTA is eager to receive industry feedback on later respond to requests for proposals, then stations, traction power, line electrical, this innovative infrastructure project, the largest ultimately finish the design and physically build radio and Train Control. in Santa Clara County history. the 6-mile extension of the system including • Stations including utilities, site prepa- To register to become a vendor with VTA, four stations. ration work, station structure and receive information about upcoming solicita- VTA released a Request for Industry Feed- platform, ventilation and egress shaft tions and more, visit https://www.vta.org/busi- back (RFIF) on Sept. 16. This RFIF is the and underground station support of ness-center. Learn more about VTA’s BART first one of four and pertains to the upcoming excavation installation. Silicon Valley Phase II Project at https://www. contract for tunnel and track work. RFIFs • Newhall Yard/Santa Clara Station, in- vta.org/projects/bart-sv/phase-ii/contracting.

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tunnelingonline.com 7 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 BUSINESS MIDWEST MOLE INC. briefs CHANGES OWNERSHIP LA Metro Board Moves Forward Midwest Mole Inc., a premier specialty underground contractor providing boring, MAJOR CAPITAL PROJECTS trenchless tunneling and directional drilling services throughout the Midwest and be- The Los Angeles The Crenshaw Northern Extension will yond, has announced that CEO and second- County Metropolitan extend the Crenshaw/LAX light rail line north generation owner Dan Liotti is retiring. Transportation Author- to the D Line (Purple) subway on Wilshire Bou- Dan joined his fa- ity (Metro) Board of levard and then continue to the B Line (Red) ther’s company Midwest Directors has moved subway in Hollywood. The Crenshaw/LAX Mole after graduating several major capital projects forward this Line is currently under construction and will from Purdue University month, including the Sepulveda Transit Corri- run between the C Line (Green) and the E Line in 1985 with a degree dor Project, the Crenshaw Northern Extension (Expo) when it opens in 2021. The Measure in Civil Engineering. “I and other transit projects that will transform M spending plan approved by voters in 2016 Liotti worked full time in the mobility options in L.A. County. provides about $2.2 billion for the Crenshaw office, helping with ac- Northern Extension project, although early cost counting,” he recalls. “I learned estimating Sepulveda Transit Corridor Project estimates show that projected costs could be and helped in the shop.” As he learned The Metro Board on Aug. 31 approved a significantly more due to the expected tunnel- the business and climbed the ranks, the $48.3-million contract with HNTB Corpo- ing likely to be needed. company grew. ration, Terr y A. Hayes Associates Inc. and Under the Measure M schedule, the project Shortly after his father Len retired in AECOM Technical Services to perform the is slated to begin construction in 2041 and 2007, Dan purchased the company. As environmental studies and advanced concep- begin service in 2047. Metro, in partnership the times and technology changed, Dan tual engineering for the Sepulveda Transit with the city of West Hollywood and the city of adjusted within Midwest Mole accord- Corridor project, which will build a high-speed, Los Angeles, is advancing the planning work to ingly. In keeping with one of the company high-capacity transit line connecting the San potentially accelerate the project. values to work smarter, Liotti continued to Fernando Valley, Westside and LAX. Metro introduce newer technology. will begin environmental review in 2021. Purple Line Extension Project “Dan pushed technol- The project has also been identified as a can- The Metro Board has amended the Purple ogy – in equipment and didate for possible delivery through a Public- Line Extension Section 1 budget from $2.77 techniques,” says Jason Private Partnership (P3). Metro has received billion to $2.97 billion to cover differing site Miller, President. “The strong private industry interest via a Pre-Devel- conditions and additional third-party and safe- ability to make new opment Agreement (PDA) to build the project. ty requirements. Unused project funds from the technology work is what The agency will select up to two PDA teams Expo Line project — which was completed in Miller made us successful. That to help with project planning and design and 2016 — will be used to address these changes. and a willingness to take propose transit solutions. PDA concepts will be All three sections of the subway project chances.” refined and evaluated during the environmen- are currently under construction: Section 1 is Ownership of the family business founded tal review phase. Metro staff will return with a 63 percent complete; Section 2 is 33 percent in 1982 by Len Liotti will be transferred to PDA recommendation to the Metro Board of complete and Section 3 is 13 percent complete. an Employee Stock Ownership, in which the Directors in early 2021. When done, the Purple Line will provide fast, company’s employees own shares. “It’s 100% The project would be built in one of the frequent and reliable subway service between employee-owned,” states Miller. An ESOP most heavily traveled urban corridors in the downtown L.A. and West Los Angeles. is a kind of employee benefit plan, similar to nation, and when finished will connect existing a profit-sharing plan, providing advantages and planned Metro bus and rail lines, including I-5 North HOV and Truck Lane En- for growth and employee retention without the future East San Fernando Valley Light Rail hancement Project alteration of the management structure. Transit Project, G Line (Orange), the future The Metro Board of Directors approved The change of ownership is expected Metro D Line (Purple) Extension and the and authorized Metro’s CEO to negotiate a to be a seamless transition for clients and Metro E Line (Expo). 5-year, $50 million contract with Hill Interna- vendors, as the company continues to tional, Inc., to provide construction manage- focus on providing cost-effective and envi- The Crenshaw Northern Extension ment oversight for I-5 North HOV and truck ronmentally friendly trenchless solutions, The Metro Board also approved advanc- lane enhancements. Metro is working to make working safely, and creating a welcoming ing three possible routes for the Crenshaw capacity and safety enhancements to the I-5 work environment. Northern Extension (CNE) project as well as in Santa Clarita between the SR-14 and the To reflect these changes, Midwest Mole a $50.3-million contract for environmental Parker Road interchanges. That will include has refreshed its goals and mission statement analysis, which is expected to begin later nearly 14 miles of median improvements to and adopted new branding, which includes this year. add an HOV lane in each direction from an updated logo and visual identity. The The three routes to be studied would follow north of SR-14 to just south of the Parker employee-owned company remains commit- busy travel corridors, serve major destinations Road interchange. The project also includes ted to long-standing industry relationships and employment centers and intersect with technology improvements such as count sta- and delivering quality work in the demand- five of the busiest bus routes in the region. The tions, traffic cameras and ramp metering. The ing world of tunneling, building on their routes would follow parts of San Vicente Boule- project is being designed to ease congestion decades of experience to expand services vard, Fairfax Avenue or La Brea Avenue. and improve traffic flow. geographically as part of their plan of growth for the future.

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 8 tunnelingonline.com SOUND TRANSIT COMPLETES

CONSTRUCTION OF EAST LINK BELLEVUE TUNNEL A Leader in Heavy Underground Construction

Our Innovative Sound Transit announced Aug. 19 that contractors have substan- tially completed the civil construction of the tunnel that will connect Services Solve the East Main and Bellevue Downtown stations when East Link begins operating in 2023. Complex “Ten years from planning, through excavation to substantial comple- tion, this tunnel represents Sound Transit’s commitment to a local plan Infrastructure Needs: that prioritized the best transit connection through downtown Bel- levue,” said Sound Transit board member and King County Council Chair Claudia Balducci. Excavation of the one-third of a mile-long tunnel began in 2017. Us- Tunnel Rehabilitation ing a process known as the sequential excavation method (SEM), crews employed conventional equipment including track-mounted excavators and cutting equipment to remove soil in small sections, and support excavated areas with spray-applied concrete. Crews then applied water- Stormwater and proofing, and constructed the center wall and final concrete lining. Sanitation Tunnels Atkinson Construction excavated and constructed the finished tun- nel. By adapting to different ground conditions, they were able to com- plete excavation five months earlier than expected, which helped keep the project on schedule despite delays due to COVID-19. Stacy and Soft Ground, Hard Witbeck/Atkinson, the stations contractor for the segment of East Link that runs from downtown Bellevue to the Spring District, is continuing Rock and Pressurized to install track inside the tunnel. When East Link light rail service begins, eastbound trains will enter Tunneling the tunnel north of the East Main station at 112th Avenue Southeast and Main Street and travel approximately one-third of a mile, under 110th Avenue Northeast and turning east near Northeast Sixth Street 55 Years of Service to emerge at the future Bellevue Downtown Station. “Working together, the city council, community and Sound Transit as Stewards of Clean developed an alignment that works not only for the Bellevue communi- ty, but also for the commuters who will come to work in Bellevue,” said Water Bellevue Mayor Lynne Robinson. “I’m excited to ride this beautiful route through the Eastside.” “East Link’s opening in 2023 will be preceded in 2021 by Northgate Link and in 2022 by the Tacoma Link Hilltop Extension. One year later, in 2024, we will extend Link to downtown Redmond, Lynnwood and Federal Way,” said Sound Transit CEO Peter Rogoff. “These historic investments will finally give us the true mass transit network the Puget Sound region has sought for more than a half century. They will more than double our current reach and simultaneously help fuel our region’s economic recovery.” East Link will extend light rail 14 miles from downtown Seattle to downtown Bellevue and the Overlake area of Redmond via I-90, with Jay Dee Contractors, Inc. 10 stations. Following the 2023 opening of the project, in 2024 Link www.jaydee.us light rail will extend another 3.4 miles east to new stations in Southeast Redmond and downtown Redmond.

tunnelingonline.com 9 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 UTILIZATION OF UNDERGROUND SPACE PROMOTES URBAN DEVELOPMENT By Nasri Munfah, PE

Researching for this article, I encoun- City’s population was mostly in lower Manhat- tered an image from my personal nearby tan within walking distance to the light industry neighborhood in New York taken in 1917 located in the area; at the time, the city was showing the construction of the Flushing amongst the highest density cities in the world RSubway Line in Queens; the area was rural and because of the confinement of its residents to a egacities b opulation rowth and essentially farmland at the time; presently it is a small area in Manhattan. vibrant residential, commercial, industrial and The massive construction of New York City Figure 2 Megacities – Source – recreational neighborhood; see Figure 1. subway lines between 1913 and 1940, during “Megacities and our Global Urban Although this line was not underground, which 180 route miles including 12 bridge and Future” 2005 – Earth Sciences for the expansion of the New York subway around subaqueous tunnel crossings overcoming the Society Foundation, The Netherland the turn of the 20th century was instrumental river barriers, integrated Queens, Brooklyn and in the urban development of New York City the Bronx with Manhattan. This opened new by long boulevards and tree lined streets with as we know it today. Based on an article by lands for the development of affordable, low- single or two-family homes and apartment Thomas Jablonski in 2006 entitled “New York density housing for middle-class and working- houses. Open parks, institutional facilities, and City’s Subway Century - Rail Transit’s Role in class families while allowing them to fast and recreational areas were soon to follow. These Growth and Development”, at the end of the convenient access to their workplaces. Soon the transformations also brought to the new neigh- 19th century and early 20th century, New York rural areas in the outer boroughs was replaced borhoods local commercial and light industries

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 10 tunnelingonline.com Fig. 1 - The extension of the Flushing Line along Queens Boulevard, in 1917, completely changed the rural landscape of Queens

forming mini-societal areas within the larger metropolitan. In 2018 thirty-three megacities, each with a population of over 10 mil- By 1940, when the initial NYC subway system was mostly completed, lion people, and collectively housing more than 500 million people exist- the population of the city was about 7.5 million, similar to the population ed in the world; it is estimated that by 2030, 60% of the world population now of 8.3 million residents providing connectivity to the metropolitan will be residing in urban areas and the number of cities with population and prosperity to the City with over 5.5 million riders per day in 2019. over 5 million inhabitants will be over 100; this trend of urban growth is Although during the present COVID-19 pandemic, the subway ridership expected to continue throughout the 21 century. dropped to as low as 10% of its former daily passenger use, the system The large megacities will grow even larger and the number of megaci- continued to provide lifeline for essential workers who shouldered the ties will increase creating more megacities and super megacities. Figure safety and wellbeing of New Yorkers during this period. It is anticipated 2 shows mega cities in 2015 and their expected growth by 2025. This that NYC subway ridership will return to its pre-pandemic level within shift in population centers necessitates the development of infrastructure one or two years. The subway will continue to be New York’s lifeline, in cities to support the population surge including provisions of efficient sustaining its economic and physical vitality; no one can imagine New transportation systems; reliable utilities such as power, water, sewer, and York City without its subway system. communication systems; and supporting infrastructures. Unfortunately, We see similar examples throughout the world of the role of the population growth is outpacing the development of infrastructures to subway systems in urban development and connectivity of neighborhoods support such growth and the limited available surface spaces suggest that and localities. Examples include Washington Metro, Toronto subway the logical location of these systems is underground; yet most cities lack system, London underground, Seoul Metro, Hong Kong Subway, Beijing general policies about the utilization of the underground space as part of Metro and recently the Paris Metro expansion, all resulted in successful its urban planning. urban development and economic growth. However, not all stories are success stories; for example, in an article Sustainability and Resiliency of Underground Space written by Professors John Landis and Robert Cervero in 1999 entitled Environmental decline, climate change and the increased awareness of “BART and Urban Development”, The Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) the need of sustainable development invite the use of underground space. did not spur the intended developments. They conclude that BART achieved one major success and many missed opportunities. BART was instrumental in the development of the commercial hub of San Francisco Fig. 3 - Montreal “Underground City.” maintaining its preeminence as the business and financial center, but it failed to trigger similar achievements in the East Bay and reinvestment in developments in downtown Oakland, Berkley or Richmond. They concluded that the benefit of rail transit in urban development is not automatic, but it can be a catalyst for urban development through the collaboration of transit agencies, local governments, and private develop- ers to overcome obstacles of policies, design, and financing. This article will examine the benefits of the use of the underground space and its potentials in urban planning.

The Needs of Underground Space In the last few decades, underground space became increasingly important for the development of societies. Population growth, growth of metropolises, migration to cities, environmental awareness, and increased needs for transportation, water, utilities, storage, security, and sheltering encouraged the use and the development of underground space.

tunnelingonline.com 11 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 various levels connecting to transit system, underground parking, com- mercial levels, services, and connections to office buildings, with other adjoining developments. For example, Montreal’s Underground City (La Ville Souterraine) consisting of a network of 29 km (18 miles) of tunnels and underground space spread over an area of 12 square kilometres (3,000 acres) provides efficient use of the underground space. See Figure 3. Another example of efficient use of the underground space is the implementation of utility corridors, also known as utilidors in which vari- ous utility services are organized in a planned underground space rather than placed arbitrarily as various utility owners see fit often impacting other utilities and impacting surface traffic, businesses and the public when repairs or replacement are needed. Figure 4 shows an example of utilidor from Amsterdam In the last few decades, many major cities in the world started placing Fig. 4 - Utilidor in Amsterdam carries multiple utility many of its facilities and urban services underground and developing lines SOURCE: Courtesy H. Admiraal. real underground cities – but often not within an overall urban planning strategy. A report prepared by ITA/ITACUS/ISOCARP entitled “Think Increasing the demand for better living conditions in urban areas can be Deep: Planning, development and use of underground space in cities” achieved by placing infrastructure facilities, utility distribution, transpor- addressed the needs and the challenges of integrating underground space tation systems, and other supporting structures underground. The use of planning with urban planning dealing with the third dimension of space the underground space provides significant direct and indirect benefits. planning. For example, to meet the growth of population in London, In general, the underground placement of the lesser facilities such as several underground infrastructure projects were planned and are under parking, transportation, utilities, storage, etc. provides the opportunity construction including Crossrail, Thames Tideway Tunnel, Northern to develop the land for better and nobler purposes such as residential, Line Extension, and London Power Tunnels; yet there is no holistic commercial, institutional, and recreational facilities including parks and planning for the underground space. While only six of the 32 London green spaces. The multiuse of the land enhances the quality of life and boroughs consider underground structures in their plans, all are related provides environmental and economic benefits to the users and to the to residential basement design standards and none deal with the overall society at large. planning of underground space in a holistic manner. The use of the underground space is sustainable. It provides isolation The urban planning system in New York City has evolved since 1811 from the elements reducing power consumption and carbon footprint. with the establishment of the grid pattern of a 7-mile stretch of Manhat- Thermal isolation is naturally provided by the ground with a uniform tan consisting of 11 major avenues and 155 cross streets creating blocks and moderate temperature level throughout the year; it reduces the needs of approximately 250 ft by 900 ft. In 1916, New York implemented the for climate control and its associated costs and environmental impacts. first zoning resolution and by 1936 it established the City Planning The use of underground space provides additional environmental Commission. Although city planning agencies in both London and New benefits in term of visual effects, air quality by removing vehicles from York share similar objectives for improving the quality of their urban en- streets, less congestion, and a reduction of noise and vibration result- vironments addressing issues such as housing, neighborhoods, parks and ing in a better quality of life at the surface. The use of the underground public spaces, transportation, energy, water supply, waste management, facilities improves the local and global ecological cycle. air quality, climate change, resiliency, etc., neither have any underground The use of underground space provides resilient facilities. Natural spatial planning or design strategies. They are not alone in this regard, disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, thunderstorms very few cities throughout the world have such underground spatial use and flood have lesser impact on underground facilities because they are policies or standards. protected from the elements. The impacts of seismic event are far less By contrast, in Tianjin, China, for example (as well as other Chinese on underground structures than above ground structures; structural cities), in which the urban development is accelerating rapidly, and oscillation and amplification effects for underground structures are far less than surface (or above surface) structures. Underground facilities are more cost effective considering life-cycle cost and triple bottom line Fig. 6 – Tianjin underground surface planning allocate since design life of all underground facilities exceed 100 years; many different levels for different facility types existing operating tunnels are much older such as the Thames Tunnel in London constructed in 1843 and the London Underground which was first opened in 1863.

Underground Space as the Third Dimension in Urban Planning Underground space provides opportunities for better urban develop- ment. The use of subsurface space allows for a holistic urban planning benefiting from the three-dimensional space with suitable integration of the spaces above and below the surface creating opportunities for more efficient use of the urban land. It also provides the opportunity of creat- ing a more desirable, less dense surface environment by creating more open spaces and outdoor recreational facilities and parks. For example, building an underground sport arena or a shopping center while devel- oping the area above it for outdoor recreational facilities or providing green spaces allow multiple uses of the land. Often these developments are extended several levels below the surface with various functions at

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 12 tunnelingonline.com utilization of urban underground space entered benefits, and tax incentives often affect the a rapid development stage, the city planning in route, alignment, configuration, station loca- 2004 carried out an extensive research on the tions and surface connections with potential development and utilization of underground future developments. Impact of construction space. This was documented in a plan entitled on traffic, businesses and the daily lives of “Comprehensive Utilization of Underground communities could also deter public accep- Space Planning in Tianjin Central City (2006- tance of an underground transit system. The 2020)”, which is aligned to the City Urban public in affluent areas may also be concerned Master Plan. There, underground space about security and integration fearing that planning was prepared at the macro, meso and mass transit system will bring a large number micro level corresponding to the underground of unknow and undesirable people to their space use. The master plan is based on distri- neighborhood; a case in point is the lack of bution of the underground space in multiple a subway line to Georgetown in Washington, layers, namely shallow (10m), middle (20m) and D.C., despite the fact that a subway line was deep (30m). Space allocations of the various planned since mid 1970s. On the other hand, layers are based on their utilization for parking, when a development is successful around sta- services and utilities, commercial, transporta- tion locations, real estate prices rise, displac- tion, etc. See Figure 6. Underground space ing lower income residents and gentrifying planning guidelines are used to incorporate the neighborhood. This has been seen in underground space into the urban regula- many large cities with underground transit tory planning system, and to guide the urban system such as New Yok, Washington, and Los construction as a basis for urban management. Angeles. In spite of the wide spread of New Currently, the total construction area of under- York City subway system, the 4th Regional Fig. 5 – New York underground ground space in Tianjin central city has exceed- Plan issued in 2017 identified that more than systems developed at multiple levels ed 15 million square meters (160 million square one third of all New Yorkers don’t live within without controlled underground space feet), but it is still focusing on the basic level of walking distance of a subway station. Most are planning – Courtesy of Elizabeth the shallow and middle layers. With the recent low-income neighborhoods and communities Reynolds and Paul Reynolds completion of 9 subway lines totaling 470 km of color for whom transit access is dispropor- (294 miles), the city focused on the develop- tionately important and who have no other ment of transportation urban hubs and urban means of transportation to their workplaces. Understanding the potentials of under- public centers integrating the surface planning Similarly SPUR in the Bay Area in California ground space is not enough, realizing its actual with the underground space utilization; yet the in its report “The Future of Transportation” potential and facilitating its development will construction of underground rail transit cannot issued August 2020 identified equity as an require an awareness program and a continual keep pace with its urban development. This ap- essential strategy of a successful transportation dialogue among many stakeholders, including proach is also adopted by other cities in China planning and made recommendations to “Set policy-makers, city planners, engineers, devel- including Beijing and Shanghai. prices to promote efficiency and equity”. opers, and the public. The strong policies and the strong admin- It is of critical importance that new or Underground space development should be istrative controls for implementation in China extended underground transit lines or new part of city planning following the context of an would not necessarily be possible in the United systems address these disparities by establishing existing urban plan. With the predicted popula- States. However, policies that facilitate effective policies regarding land use around stations to tion growth and the growth of megacities, long-range planning of underground space use, minimize displacement of the residents such as efficient use of underground space promotes as are found in locations such as Singapore or the implementation of mixed-use development sustainable development, improves the urban Helsinki, helped those locations move closer to and affordable housing with public amenities environment, preserves natural resources, and sustainability goals and integrating under- meeting environmental and sustainability goals; accomplishes long-term, triple-bottom-line ground space with urban planning, can be thus creating vibrant public places fostering a applicable to many cities in the United States. strong economy benefiting everyone including economic benefits. For example, policies that enforce preservation the local communities. of the surface environment while permitting Nasri Munfah is a Senior Vice President facility expansion underground would provide Final Notes and Director of Tunneling and Under- a reason for moving more infrastructure Generally, all over the world, urban planners ground Engineering Center of Excellence underground in a deliberate planned approach. tend to overlook the invaluable assets of the for AECOM. He is responsible for devel- Another example is the policies adopted in underground space, “the final frontier”. Most oping and implementing the firm’s long Japan allowing public agencies the rights to urban planers and policy makers are unaware term strategic tunneling growth plan; he develop deep underground space under private of the benefits and the opportunities the under- oversees the firm’s tunneling and under- properties avoiding lengthy legal barriers and ground space has to offer. Population growth, ground projects and provides leadership in allowing more versatile and rapid development migration to metropolises, and the growth of project pursuit and delivery, the develop- of underground projects. large cities in size and number, outpace the ment of innovative solutions, recruitment development of supporting infrastructures. The and the professional development of staff. Equity in Underground Space Planning availability of space at the surface is diminish- With over 40 years of experience in tun- The decision to place transit systems un- ing and quality of life and the livability of cities neling and underground engineering, he derground often faces many challenges among are threatened. Urban underground space was responsible for the successful deliv- various competing interests. Political views, forms a societal asset, often unappreciated by ery of multi-billion-dollar projects in DBB community interest and lifestyle, commercial policy-makers and urban planners. and Alternative Delivery Methods.

tunnelingonline.com 13 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 MARKET SPOTLIGHT: ROADHEADERS

ith roots tracing back to the first half provided that the hardness (unconfined compres- A) COMPARED TO DRILL AND BLAST: of the 20th century, roadheaders sive strength) of the material to be excavated is not • No over cut have a long history in the under- in excess of 20,000 psi UC for smaller machines • Higher production in most cases, depending ground construction industry on a and 30,000 psi for the largest machines. on material wealthW of applications including tunnels, mines The market for roadheaders naturally depends • Less vibration and other underground structures. Their small on the political situations, the availability of financ- • Less noise footprint, maneuverability and adaptability make ing, and naturally on the tunnel designers, who • Less fracture of nearby rock, construc- them the right choice on a number of jobs. frequently will determine in their plans either to tion etc. So what type of jobs are ideally suited to the use use a roadheader or another means of excavating. of a roadheader? How have they evolved to meet Over the last several years, the market for B) COMPARED TO TBM: the needs of an underground contractor? To find roadheaders in North America was relatively quiet. • higher versatility out, TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine contacted Looking forward, there are numerous tunnels • less capital investment Karl Mitterndorfer, president and CEO of An- in the design phase that will be excavated with • ability to cut different tunnel shapes and traquip Corp., based in Hagerstown, Maryland. roadheaders. tunnel profiles Founded in 1985, Antraquip has become a world- wide manufacturing leader of reliable roadheaders, What are the advantages innovative rock and concrete rotary drum cutting What Types of Projects attachments, tunnel support systems and supplier of roadheaders in of other specialized machinery for the construc- Lend Themselves to tion, mining and the tunnel industries. tunneling applications? Mitterndorfer shared his views on the status of Roadheaders vs. Other roadheaders in today’s underground construction What are the limitations? industry, the latest developments in roadheader The limitations for roadheaders is the hardness Methologies? technology, and tips for getting the most out of (UCS) of the material to be excavated. At times, Most uses of roadheaders are: your machine. the combination of hardness of the material and a. In large short sections, like stations on the size limit for the roadheader limits the opera- new subway lines, in soft to medium hard tion of a roadheader. Meaning, sometimes you ground Describe the use of would need a larger machine for the specific rock b. For excavation of starter tunnels and tail roadheaders in the excavation, but you do not have enough space to tunnels for TBM projects do that. c. For smaller utility tunnels due to size tunnel market today? Is it Normally, the heavier the machine, the limitations higher the production and the higher the abil- d. For special complex geological projects, increasing? Decreasing? ity to cut harder rock. Today, roadheaders are even if the tunnel is longer, but the use of a Why? manufactured with a cutter motor power up to TBM is not acceptable due to high risk of 400kW, an operating weight up to 150 tons and the TBM getting stuck Roadheaders are the preferred way of exca- the ability to cut material with a UCS of up to e. For excavation of stations in harder mate- vating tunnels in soft to medium hard ground, 30,000 psi. rial, if drill and blast is either forbidden or mainly for tunnels that are up to 1 ½ miles long The advantages of roadheaders are: complicated.

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 14 tunnelingonline.com Roadheaders remain an important part of the modern-day tunneling industry. For the right project, there is no better way to excavate the tunnel.

How has roadheaders with air conditioned closed cabins to What advice can you protect the operator from breathing dust technology evolved? particles etc. give a contractor to help What are the latest a. Remote capabilities have been improved. get the most out of the Roadheaders can be operated remotely on advancements? distances of several hundred feet. machinery? (Operating tips, The challenge to be able to cut harder and a. Automatic guidance systems can be harder rock keeps going on and on. And still the installed. maintenance tips, etc.) limit is the usage of cutting tools (cutter picks) to First, pick the right size of roadheader. Unless make it efficient and economical. Currently, the there are other reasons (like space limitations) largest roadheaders with up to 400 kW cutting What should a contractor try not to run the roadheader in harder material power can cut material up to 30,000 psi. Is it ef- look for when purchasing a than it was designed for. Also try not to run it at ficient and economical to cut material that hard? the maximum hardness allowed. Depends on the circumstances, like abrasivity roadheader? Continued service as per operating instruc- of the material to be cut, other possible ways of Every project that considers a roadheader tions is of utmost importance. excavation, etc. is different. Therefore, when purchasing a Also, follow all other guidance in the operat- roadheader the utmost importance is that the ing manuals as closely as possible. roadheader is able to do what is expected as to Replace cutter bits when necessary. Follow Increased Flexibility production, speed of excavation, etc. the instructions in the operating manual. More and more additional tools can be installed Therefore, only use a reputable supplier And, most important, if you feel, hear or see on the roadheader, sometime even on the same with a proper track record. Also make sure anything not normal, figure out the problem machine. For example, the same roadheader can you not only ask questions, but also check out – either by yourself or with help from the manu- be equipped with a drill for forepoling and a drill the track record. facturer – and repair the issue immediately. for roof-bolting. Secondly, you want to rethink what you Problems do not disappear by themselves and plan to do with the roadheader after the only get worse over time. project is finished. Do you want to keep it in Increased Safety Standards your fleet or do you want to resell it or sell it Additional substantial improvements have been back to roadheader manufacturer? If you want made on safety. to add it to your fleet, you should consider a Concluding comments a. Installation of proximity systems, which machine that can be used in numerous set ups. Roadheaders remain an important part of will shut down the machine if an unau- Since roadheaders are working and have the modern-day tunneling industry. For the thorized person is getting to close to the been working in very difficult projects, the right project, there is no better way to excavate operating machine. This also will help availability of professional support and prompt the tunnel; however, it must be within the avoiding run-ins between the roadheader – overnight – spare part supply is a necessity. criteria as outlined earlier. In North America, and the loader or scoop tram to remove It does not help you if parts have to be flown the number of roadheaders operating at any the material. in from overseas, which will – at best - take one time depends on many factors, including, a. Dust control is very critical. Consequently, days before the parts are available at the but not limited to, the design of the projects by all larger roadheaders can be equipped jobsite. the tunnel design firms.

tunnelingonline.com 15 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 UNDERGROUND PROJECTS FORGE AHEAD Jay Dee Contractors’ essential workers keep critical infrastructure safe

hen considering the essential workers who have kept construction projects safe and forged the underpinnings of large- scale sewer, water, transit and energy Wsystems, it’s important to remember the under- ground contractors. Livonia, Michigan-based Jay Dee Contractors and its team of experts have played a key role in constructing and rehabilitating the underground pipelines that convey the sewer, water and energy systems we depend on, in turn, contributing more than 50 years of infrastructure upgrades that improve the environmental profile of the Great Lakes and beyond. Established in 1965, family-owned Jay Dee has dug deep into infrastructure projects across the U.S. and Canada. Specializing in complex projects in varied geologies, Jay Dee’s work spans water, wastewater, transportation projects and more, all On September 30, 2019, the Jay Dee Contractors team got ready to with an eye toward promoting sustainability and a cleaner environment. lower the cutterhead into the shaft to attach it to the TBM. The photo While Jay Dee has completed all types of features Jay Dee’s whole day shift team. projects, water and wastewater tunnels were instrumental in the company’s development. “We like to think of ourselves as the stewards of clean to say that when a new or different challenge “It’s been challenging for us an employer. We water,” said Michael DiPonio, president of Jay Dee emerges, our unmatched team of problem-solvers have a very highly skilled team of tunnelers, but Contractors. “We’re proud of our track record finds a way. I’m proud to report our team is when it comes to working thru a pandemic, even of complex work on tunneling and infrastructure responsible for the construction of more than 50 our most experienced people are novices. Re- projects in the Great Lakes region and beyond. miles of new or improved pipeline systems over learning how to work during COVID has been Over my lifetime I have seen a dramatic improve- the last 10 years.” difficult because some of the guidelines were devel- ment in the water quality of the Great Lakes and The pandemic has required many businesses, oped quickly and are changing over time, making I’m proud that our company has made significant including tunnel contractors, to re-examine it somewhat of a moving target,” DiPonio said. contributions to that effort. protocols to ensure compliance to health and “For us the critical component has been social “Similar to millions of other essential workers, safety guidelines. As an essential business, tunnel distancing, which is extremely difficult for an un- our team was tested for its resiliency during the construction has continued on, but with some derground contractor. So, we’ve had to re-evaluate COVID-19 outbreak. However, we’re proud modifications to work practices. everything we do from limiting people in the

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 16 tunnelingonline.com This photo shows the stationary shield being delivered to the Westerly site via Goldhofer trailer and unloaded by crane on September 5, 2020.

The Jay Dee Contractors swing shift tunnel superintendent and erector operator during ring installation at the Westerly project in Ohio.

District’s 25-year, $3 billion Project Clean Lake, and value engineering. The proposed project, a CSO control plan that is cleaning up Lake Erie, currently in the permitting phase, would relocate the Cuyahoga River and other area waterways. the existing Line 5 pipeline on the lakebed in the The $135 million project, awarded to Jay Dee Straits of Mackinac, which links Lake Michigan and its JV partner Obayashi, includes approxi- and Lake Huron. mately 9,600 lf of 25-ft ID CSO storage tunnel The Great Lakes Tunnel Project involves build- excavated in rock and supported with a bolted, ing a new tunnel deep under the lake to house the gasketed, one-pass steel fiber reinforced concrete pipeline. The project would help reduce potential segmental lining. In addition to the tunnel, there impacts to the pipeline and provide complete pro- are three deep shafts. tection to water in the Straits in the unlikely event When completed, the project will reduce over- of a pipeline failure. flows into the Cuyahoga River by more than 300 trailers at shift changes to how many people can million gallons per year, further benefitting a river A Cleaner Future go in the shaft elevator and be transported to the that has experienced substantial improvement over While the global pandemic has adversely im- tunnel heading. the past several decades. pacted many industries, the future of the tunneling “One thing we can do is help make workers feel “It is rewarding working on a project like market looks bright, especially for sewer and water safe and comfortable, so we disinfect the work ar- Westerly that is helping to make a difference in projects. Even transportation projects, which may eas completely between shifts. Additionally, we ask the environment,” said Lisa Smiley, Geotechnical be affected in the shorter term due to reduced rid- our employees to err on the side of safety and not Engineer/Project Engineer for Jay Dee working on ership revenues, help create a sustainable, energy come in if they are experiencing any signs of being the Westerly project. “Last year marked the 50th efficient travel option for ever-growing cities. sick. As a result, we have a higher absentee rate, anniversary of the Cuyahoga River fire, and it is “Despite the challenges we all face, the which means we need to have a larger crew size to amazing to see how the water quality of the river outlook looks good for tunnel companies,” be able to work safely and efficiently.” and the lake have improved. In fact, not far from said Brian Hagan, Director of Equipment and the jobsite there is a fish reservation that on the Engineering at Jay Dee. “Even at the height of Creating a Cleaner Environment river that could not have existed without projects the shutdowns, all of the projects we had under The history of Jay Dee aligns with that of the like Westerly and its predecessors.” contract remained open. They are considered environmental movement and the passage of the Not too far to the northeast, Jay Dee crews critical infrastructure, which is part of what Clean Water Act in 1972. The Act led to several are engaged with another environmental project makes our work so rewarding. People still need pollution control programs beginning in the 1970s, helping to reduce impacts on Lake Ontario. The water and wastewater services, and they need to notably the Tunnel and Reservoir Plan (TARP) Coxwell Bypass Tunnel – being built by a joint go from Point A to Point B.” in Chicago, and subsequently similar programs in venture of Jay Dee, CM McNally and Michels The critical nature of tunneling projects as well the Great Lakes region and beyond. Jay Dee got Canada – is an important part of Toronto’s over- as the engineering challenges they pose can help involved with TARP early on with pump station all Don River & Central Waterfront (DR&CW) lure and retain the next generation of tunnel- construction contracts, and worked consistently on project. This tunnel will capture, store and trans- ing professionals to the field. “Tunneling is an the program into the 2000s. port combined sewer overflows, for treatment at interesting career because of the direct influence “We are very proud of our involvement with the Ashbridges Bay Treatment Plant. The tunnel, you can make on society and the environment,” TAR P,” DiPonio said. “Before the program being built by a 7.1-m TBM, comprises 10.5 km Smiley said. “It is also a great career for an engi- started, Chicago experienced sewer overflows once of new sewer approximately 50 m deep, parallel neer because every project is unique and you are every four days on average. Now, they experience to the Don River. It represents the longest single always learning something new. And, when the four overflows per year. It has been a tremendous tunnel built by Jay Dee. project is built, you see the effect your work has success and has been emulated by other cities While different in its end use, the Great Lakes on other people.” bounded to the Great Lakes.” Tunnel Project for the energy company Enbridge Hagan concurs. “Growing up in Michigan, Currently, Jay Dee is working on two wastewa- is another example of Jay Dee’s work having a we always took pride in our Great Lakes,” he ter projects in the Great Lakes region the Westerly positive influence on the environment of the Great said. “So, it has been really special being part of a Storage Tunnel in Cleveland, Ohio, and the Lakes. As part of Great Lakes Tunnel Constructors company that has worked on so many projects that Coxwell Bypass Tunnel in Toronto. with partner Obayashi, Jay Dee is working under a have helped keep the Great Lakes clean and safe. The Westerly Storage Tunnel is the most recent preconstruction services agreement with Enbridge We are proud to position ourselves as stewards of and largest of the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer to provide constructability review, cost estimating the Great Lakes and the environment.”

tunnelingonline.com 17 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 UPGRADED LIGHTING IN “ENGINEERING WONDER” Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel Results in Unique, New Design Innovations

ince its opening in 1964, the Chesa- the right direction to keep pace with an evolving peake Bay Bridge–Tunnel (CBBT) has industry – all while reducing energy consump- not only been regarded as a critical tion in today’s modern world.” The final installation is nearing travel route, bearing approximately 4 completion, meets all project Smillion vehicles per year, but also as a modern So Long, Fluorescent Lighting requirements and looks great. engineering wonder. The CBBT is a 17.6-mile The existing linear fluorescent tunnel lumi- (28.3 km) bridge-tunnel crossing that con- naires were replaced one-for-one with 2,835 nects Northampton County, Virginia, on the Kenall LuxTran LTLI-8 LED tunnel luminaires. eastern shore, with the communities of Virginia With these new fixtures, the CBBT will save Beach, Norfolk, Chesapeake, and Portsmouth $500,00 per year in maintenance costs and on Virginia’s western shore. It is the world’s energy consumption, as well as reduced traffic second-largest bridge-tunnel complex, allowing congestion. Michael Crist, the Deputy Director critical military and shipping traffic to move of Infrastructure for the CBBT, emphasized the unimpeded from the Thimble Shoals and important of these savings. “Prior to installing Chesapeake shipping canals to the Atlantic LED lights, we had a one-week-per-month light- Ocean. [1] [2] ing detail, requiring a tunnel lane closure, with The CBBT is a complicated (and expanding) three to four operations personnel, and three combination of approximately 12 miles (19 km) or four maintenance personnel, to replace light of trestle, four high-level bridges, four artificial bulbs. Eliminating this detail is a huge cost sav- islands, two 1-mile-long (1.6 km) underwater ings and a big safety improvement,” he said. tunnels, 2 miles (3.2 km) of causeway, and 5.5 With this installation complete, the CBBT miles (8.9 km) of approach roads. While con- now has high-quality, corrosion-resistant, struction on a new parallel tunnel to ease traffic certified fixtures that will last for decades – far is getting underway, the two existing 1-mile-long beyond the point of return on investment. (1.6 km) tunnels needed an equipment overhaul To get more details about the project, we sat due to aging infrastructure. Consequently, the down with Kenall’s Transportation Sales Man- After a successful mockup trial period, CBBT began a three-year project to restore and ager, Michael Maltezos for a detailed Q&A. and a thorough review of Kenall’s submittal improve these tunnels’ critical systems and facili- acage and certified test reorts for the ties, including lighting. hat are the specific benefits of new luminaires, the CBBT approved them The CBBT’s Director of Maintenance, Tim the new LED tunnel for the tunnels’ Interior Zones. Holloway, described the new LED lighting sys- lighting system? tems as “a long overdue solution to highly repeti- There are several benefits, including: tive and costly tunnel re-lamp lane closures, with • LuxTran LTLI-8 LED tunnel luminaires savings on power consumption being the icing meet or exceed existing light levels and on the cake.” Furthermore, Holloway continued, uniformities, and reconfirm compliance “The product we needed simply did not exist. with the ANSI/IESNA RP-22-11 Recom- Kenall worked hand in hand with us to develop mended Practice for Tunnel Lighting[3] the product and then further refine it in the field • The tunnel visibility is improved, and to make sure all our needs were met.” disability/discomfort glare is kept to a Chase Sturgis, the CBBT’s Electrical/ minimum for public safety Mechanical (E/M) Superintendent, agreed: “Re- • The CBBT realizes substantial energy placing the existing fluorescent tunnel lighting savings fixtures with new LED fixtures manufactured by • The tunnels will be equipped with robust Kenall has been a rewarding achievement of the fixtures of the highest quality, which will CBBT’s Maintenance Division. The collabora- require little-to-no maintenance Kenall coordinated with CBBT to tive effort, from procurement to commissioning Additionally, we improved the existing further customize the luminaires so this project, ensures the CBBT is taking steps in fixtures’ shallow profile, to prevent trucks from they would be structurally stable when installed.

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 18 tunnelingonline.com In order to be re-fed from the adjacent existing wire way on the ceiling deck, the LED replacement luminaires had to include cord sets Kenall designed custom heat than the existing fixtures. Obviously, this was a to match those currently plugging sinks for the LED drivers to huge concern. In fact, at the time of design, no the existing wire way. mitigate the heat. luminaire manufacturer, including Kenall, could make such a shallow-profile, high-output LED tunnel fixture that would pass a heat test in a ceiling-mounted application without substantial heatsinking ... until now. In order to be re-fed from the adjacent existing wire way on the ceiling deck, the LED replace- ment luminaires had to include cord sets to match those currently plugging the existing wire way. These cord sets had to be in a spot on the new LED fixtures that would consistently line up with the plug-in receptacle locations in the existing wire way. To achieve this, multiple levels of design coordination were undertaken to ensure that both the new fixture lengths and cord set locations would work properly within the footprint of the existing fluorescent fixture and cord set locations. Finally, the luminaires had to be mounted onto the existing mounting rail, located on one side of the existing wire way. This meant that Kenall coordinated with the CBBT they all needed to have a completely customized hitting and damaging the fixtures due to the very to manufacture fixtures that would fit mounting design to fit onto the existing wire way’s low ceiling clearances (as continually happened perfectly, both in terms of longitudinal mounting rail pattern. In short, exact locations of to the existing fluorescent fixtures.) It drastically locations of the cord sets on the the LED luminaires’ mounting rails and cord set reduces the number of frequent nightly maintenance fixtures, as well as cord set lengths feeds had to be completely coordinated with exist- details required to keep the tunnel illuminated. This and clearances between the fixtures ing conditions on the tunnel wire way, yielding a reduction provides a safer work environment for and the adjacent wire way. plug-and-play application. CBBT employees, as well as the traveling public. It also provides CBBT personnel the opportunity to How were these perform other preventative maintenance work neces- placement fixtures had to physically fit within the challenges overcome? sary to the facility. existing footprints – not a standard feature at the Because the LED replacement luminaires had time of design – but a customization Kenall was able to physically fit within the existing footprints, What challenges did you have during to accommodate. Kenall had to design a completely new tunnel this lighting replacement? The LED replacement luminaires had to provide luminaire. At the time of design, not only did Due to existing conditions within the tunnel, the the required light output in all the various tunnel Kenall not have such a customized footprint tun- project tunnel lighting had to be a 1-for-1 replace- zones, without overheating. This was no small feat, nel luminaire in its product portfolio, no lighting ment of the existing continuous linear fluorescent particularly in the threshold zones where the new manufacturer did. We designed a more compact tunnel luminaires. More specifically, all the existing LED fixtures replaced existing 500W fluorescent luminaire to fit within the existing fluorescent fluorescent tunnel luminaires were ceiling-mounted luminaires. Higher-output LED fixtures inherently fixture footprint, while maintaining the acces- near the tunnel walls and the adjacent continuous produce heat, particularly in a ceiling-mounted sibility of component parts for servicing. Our linear wire way needed to be re-used to feed the application; additionally, the replacement fixtures engineers were able to implement the same or replacement luminaires. Accordingly, all LED re- required a shallower profile (less than 3-in. total!) smaller physical design/footprint for all fixtures in

tunnelingonline.com 19 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 the project’s various tunnel zones, minimizing meet all the project requirements, while main- • Class B rated for harmonic emissions, per the types and quantities of replacement fixtures, taining our standard of quality and delivering a FCC Title 47, CFR Part 15. [10] as well as parts, to be stocked by CBBT mainte- completely customized product. • Per Holloway, the fixture housings had nance personnel. to be 316 SS or marine-grade aluminum To address the challenges of providing the Why/how were these tunnel to withstand the highly corrosive loca- required light output in the threshold zones while luminaires ultimately chosen? tion of the tunnels, which are located a maintaining an extremely shallow profile, Kenall As noted previously, these luminaires did not few miles offshore designed custom heat sinks for the LED drivers to yet exist at the time of design: Michael Crist told Now that the luminaires are installed and opera- mitigate the heat. This, combined with the new us that that industry outreach identified no exist- tional, how is the tunnel lighting being received? fixture housing’s 2.5-in. profile and linear design ing light fixtures that could meet the needs of the Because Kenall supported this project every step for air flow, allowed the fixture to operate at a CBBT. Consequently, they invited manufactur- of the way, the fixtures are performing as prom- relatively low temperature, despite its location on ers to submit a custom design; then prototype ised. The final installation is nearing completion, the ceiling deck. Kenall engaged in multiple itera- designs were tested in the tunnel. After testing, meets all project requirements and looks great, so tions of driver testing at its own test lab to replicate CBBT selected the LuxTran fixture to move to a the CBBT is very pleased. The tunnel lighting is actual conditions in the tunnels, and performed pilot program, and, ultimately, for the full lighting more uniform than before, and the 5000K/70 CRI exhaustive heat testing on the fixtures to verify replacement. The design and acceptance of the system provides excellent safety and visibility for thermal performance in simulated field conditions LuxTran LTLI-8 fixtures came as the replacement drivers in the tunnels. – not just in typical ambient lab conditions. effort evolved, and as a result of a collaborative The collaboration between Kenall and the Because the LED replacement luminaires had to effort between the CBBT and Kenall. CBBT has been very positive and proactive along be re-fed from the adjacent existing wire way on the We worked with the CBBT every step of the the way, and we are extremely grateful. Michael ceiling deck, Kenall participated in field surveys with way to create lighting solutions for the new Inte- “Tee” Wells put the entire project in motion, and the CBBT to discover type, length, and location of rior, Transition and Threshold Zones, in order of led it with passion, helping to make this a reality. all cord sets, and match them. During those surveys, priority. For the initial competitive mockup, the It was Tee who led the charge up through the we discovered that some locations had only minimal CBBT asked us to provide an LED solution for a initial design, competitive mockup and the first clearance between the fixtures and the wire way, small section of the tunnels’ Interior Zones, since round of interior installation: we owe him a debt of necessitating a 90-degree cord connector. Kenall these areas would require the largest number of gratitude, and we will all reap the benefit from his coordinated with the CBBT to manufacture fixtures luminaires – 1,608 out of 2,835. Kenall engineers efforts. Working together, we have enhanced public that would fit perfectly, both in terms of longitudinal made this their top priority, and, upon comple- safety and improved efficiency for the CBBT, locations of the cord sets on the fixtures, as well as tion of testing, submitted the sample fixtures to which has made the project a great success. cord set lengths and clearances between the fixtures the CBBT for installation and review. After a and the adjacent wire way. successful mockup trial period, and a thorough https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge–Tunnel (ac- Finally, since the LED replacement luminaires review of Kenall’s submittal package and certified cessed September 15, 2015). 2 http://www.cbbt.com/about-us/history/ (accessed September 15, had to be mounted onto the existing mounting rail test reports for the new luminaires, the CBBT ap- 2015). located on one side of the existing wire way, Kenall proved them for the tunnels’ Interior Zones. 3 Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, “ANSI/IES RP- participated in field surveys with the CBBT to Once the Interior Zone Fixtures’ final design 22-11,” Recommended Practice for Tunnel Lighting. confirm a custom mounting bracket design to fit the was tweaked and completed, based on the results 4 Underwriters Laboratories Inc., “LUMINAIRES,” Standard for Safety. existing wire way mounting rail. During that survey, of the Interior Zone Mockup, Kenall then followed 5 https://www.nemaenclosures.com/enclosure-ratings/nema-rated- we discovered that the other side of the fixtures re- the same painstaking process to complete the more enclosures/nema-4x-enclosures.html (accessed September 15, 2015). quired conventional mounting tabs, to be anchored complicated designs for the Transition and Thresh- 6 Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, “ANSI/IES into the ceiling deck. As a result, Kenall coordinated old Zones. All lighting tests, the pilot projects, and, TM-21-19,” Projecting Long Term Lumen Maintenance of LED Light with the CBBT to further customize the luminaires: ultimately, the full replacement was conducted Sources. we needed the mounting tabs to fit perfectly in loca- by CBBT personnel led by E/M Superintendent, 7 International Electrical Commission, “IEC 60598-1:2014,” Lumi- tions where anchors had not been previously drilled Chase Sturgis. naires - Part 1: General Requirements and Tests. into the ceiling deck, so they would be structurally 8 America National Standards Institute, “ANSI C136.27-2012,” For Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment - Tunnel And Underpass stable when installed. This modification/addi- hat notable fiture listings and Lighting Luminaires. tion allowed for a quicker replacement by CBBT certifications ere reuired for the 9 America National Standards Institute, “ANSI C136.31-2018,” personnel, minimizing the need to modify existing project? Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment – Luminaire Vibration. mounting design already present. There many criteria that had to be met, including: 10 Federal Communications Commission, “CFR Part 15,” Title 47 of • Overall tunnel lighting layout to be de- the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). How did the CBBT come to signed to ANSI/IES RP-22-11. [3] work with Kenall? • UL 1598 rated, for Outdoors/Wet Loca- Michael N. Maltezos, MIES, is the Transpor- Kenall was recommended by Lighting Virginia, tions. [4] tation Sales Manager for Kenall and may after retired CBBT E/M Superintendent Michael • Rated as NEMA 4X Enclosures for Out- be reached at 847-507-4531 or michael. “Tee” Wells consulted with them regarding door Locations. [5] [email protected]. Kenosha, Wisconsin- another lighting product installed at the former • Fixtures to be rated, depending on Tunnel based Kenall produces and supports high restaurant Virginia Originals & Chesapeake Grill, Zone, 100,000-150,000 hours to L70, per quality and durable lighting solutions for the located at One Island on the Bay. IES TM-21. [6] most demanding environments. Kenall prod- The CBBT was aware of the LuxTran brand • IP66 rated, per IEC 60598. [7] ucts are manufactured in the USA and meet but wasn’t sure it would meet the project param- • 100 PSI Water Spray rated, per ANSI the guidelines established under the Buy eters: they only knew Kenall as a company that C136.27. [8] American Act and the North American Free prioritizes luminaire quality and design over low • 3G Vibration Test rated, per ANSI Trade Agreement. For additional informa- initial cost. But we proved that we were able to C136.31. [9] tion, visit www.kenall.com.

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 20 tunnelingonline.com Special Sponsored Content Section

Special Sponsored Content Section TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine presents this special sponsored content section highlighting the industry’s leading consultants, contractors, suppliers and manufacturers. On the following pages these companies share their latest in products and services, success stories and more. Be sure to check out the sponsors’ websites for additional information!

Talk about timing! In April of this year TBM published my paper entitled “The Triumph of Tunneling” which correlated the demand for tunnels to the fact that the populations of large cities around the world were increasing at an unprecedented rate and that large cities cannot exist without the infrastructure provided by tunnels; i.e. water supply, waste disposal, drainage, subways, highways, and utility corridors. Fast forward six months and no one has any idea what ur itie ill l lie fie year fr n a a reult f lnter reactions to the pandemic and civil unrest. At present, the tunneling uine i in ut petitin i fiere the t f tunnelin (especially in the US) is escalating and the funding stream for tunnels could become precarious. For instance, the September 7th issue of ENR reported that the proposed Hudson River Rail Tunnel has been postponed because of cost increases and environmental delays and that funding for water infrastructure projects will see losses in the range of $13.9 to $16.8 billion as a result of COVID impacts. Many industries are in the process of trying to decide what the “new normal” will be and I think that the tunneling industry is no exception. [email protected] • 303-704-6955

tunnelingonline.com 21 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 Special Sponsored Content Section

The Lane Construction Corporation’s Work in the Tunneling Sector Paced for Fast Growth

Water Quality Project – Storage Tunnel, Lane teams are currently working on the excavation of a 13,000-foot long tunnel for Seattle Public Utility. The project is designed to keep more than 75 million gallons of polluted stormwater and sewage out of the Lake Washington Ship Canal, Salmon Bay, and Lake Union on average each year. The TBM bring used for the Seattle Ship Canal project is an Earth Pressure Balance, currently under assembly in Germany and will be delivered to the site in January 2021. Lane’s North East Boundary Tunnel in Washington, D.C. includes a 27,000-foot long tunnel Lane’s Dugway Storage Tunnel project underneath the Nation’s capital and is forecasted to be finished in early 2023. in Cleveland, Ohio was recently completed on time in the summer of 2020. The completed project is part of a broad plan The Lane Construction Corporation is tunneling project the company has been for the collection, storage, and treatment of one of America’s leading construction awarded for DC Water. At a total value of the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District, companies, specializing in large, complex $580 million, it includes a 27,000-foot with the objective of reducing the level of civil infrastructure. For 130 years, it has long tunnel underneath the Nation’s environmental pollution in Lake Erie. The contributed to the development of the capital and is currently 65% complete, project included construction of a 14,800- country’s network of roads, highways, freated t e finihed in early he foot long tunnel that is 24 feet in diameter. and bridges, and now establishes a 23-foot diameter tunnel is excavated with Lane’s reputation in Tunneling has been successful position in the tunneling a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM). Lane has built from iconic past projects such as the sector, leading the industry in key projects collaborated with the Colorado School of Lake Mead Intake, Anacostia River Tunnel, across the United States. ine t rin artifiial intelliene t the rtland Cined Seer er CS Lane’s North East Boundary Tunnel project and apply it to predict and minimize San Francisco Underground, and many (NEBT) in Washington, D.C., is the second ettleent ipre effiienie and others. Our bid department is currently enhance overall production. pursuing strategic projects across the Lane operates on another ongoing TBM Unites States including the Pawtucket River Lane has collaborated with the Colorado School excavation project that is 50% complete Tunnel in Rhode Island, and opportunities of Mines to bring artificial intelligence to DC in Fort Wayne, Indiana. The Three Rivers in Ohio, California, and others. Water’s North East Boundary Tunnel project and rtetin er Redutin unnel The United States Tunneling sector is apply it to enhance overall production. (3RPORT) contains a 24,000-foot long, growing rapidly and Lane is well positioned 18-foot diameter tunnel that is being ant the tprated fir y the ner constructed by means of a Slurry TBM. and its employees, top industry consultants This unique project will be completed in and nationally renowned universities. 2023 as part of a bigger environmental Based in Cheshire, Connecticut, Lane plan for the city. is wholly owned by Webuild, a global The Seattle Ship Canal project located infrastructure group. For more information, in King County, Washington, is the latest visit www.laneconstruct.com. For more tunneling project that has been awarded details about its parent company, visit www. to Lane. Formally known as the Ship Canal webuildgroup.com.

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 22 tunnelingonline.com We build large, complex infrastructure projects

We Are the Underground Innovators The U.S. Tunneling sector is growing rapidly... and Lane is accelerating its innovative approach right along with it. www.LaneConstruct.com Special Sponsored Content Section

BIG BREAKTHROUGH HNTB photos for advertorialWorld’s largest soft-ground bored tunnel replaced an aging viaduct and expanded Seattle’s waterfront

damage to it and other structures. The with an 8-foot safety shoulder and 2-foot resulting mitigation plan protected the shoulders in each direction, and 15.5 feet viaduct with a barrier wall of 5-foot-diameter of vertical clearance. The design concept drilled shafts inserted between the tunnel included ramps and mainline lanes and the viaduct, protecting it from ground transitioning from inside the tunnel to four movement. ramp and two mainline roadways outside. “Differential settlement of the viaduct rearraned the traffi eent was estimated to be roughly three-fourths at one portal to conserve space and of an inch,” said Rich Johnson, HNTB’s narrow the corridor, shrinking the footprint design manager. “But, during the actual of the south cut-and-cover tunnels and mining, ground movement was limited to associated roadways by 50%, saving time,

one-tenth of an inch.” money, and space. The mitigation plan also included two The tunnel is designed to withstand a In 2017, Bertha, 57.3 feet-tall, 8,000- scheduled TBM maintenance stops, the magnitude 9.0 earthquake, includes state- tons and 328-feet-long, emerged from the firt at the red tunnel uth prtal ftheart entilatin fire detetin and ground beneath downtown Seattle. An “We extended the bored tunnel suppression systems; an emergency egress affectionately nicknamed pressure tunnel portal 450 feet,” Johnson said. “This system with its own ventilation system; boring machine, she left behind the world’s additional length served as a proving exits every 600 feet; a security system largest soft-ground bored tunnel, two miles ground for the TBM and provided space with closed-circuit TVs; and an intelligent long and 57.3 feet in diameter — along with for another innovation, a tunnel-in-a- transportation system with variable old notions about urban transportation. box,” a three-sided enclosure, highly message signs. Now, said Brian Russell, HNTB’s project controlled environment for operators and Opened in 2019, the tunnel provides manager for the State Route 99 tunnel, maintenance crews to become familiar nenient effiient nrthuth paae “Tunneling under buildings and utilities in with, and test-drive, Bertha. Drivers can now bypass downtown entirely an urban environment can be accomplished The award-winning tunnel houses two or exit directly into Seattle’s vibrant, and HNTB photos for advertorial with limited impact,” making DOTs more southbound lanes atop two northbound newly expanded, residential, commercial

willing to consider that solution. lanes. Each roadway is 32-foot-wide and tourist-friendly waterfront. HNTB was the lead designer for the $1.4 billion tunnel project, which included the permanent structures and facilities, the tunnel liner, an interior stacked roadway structure, approach cut-and-cover tunnels and roadways, and operations buildings. An accelerated schedule meant design in 27 months and delivery in multiple construction packages. The collaboration inherent in design-build sparked opportunities for innovation, including switching out the cast-in-place concrete for precast structures, providing more working space inside the tunnel and shaving 6 months off construction. At one point, Bertha mined only 14 feet below the old viaduct’s foundations, so the team took steps to prevent potential

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 24 tunnelingonline.com

SETTING THE STANDARD HNTB has set the standard in state-of-the-art tunnel design. A standard based upon solutions that work. A standard that prioritizes safety and efficiency. A standard that reflects the technical excellence that HNTB continues to set for the most complex tunnels and underground projects in the nation.

Sanja Zlatanic Chair, National Tunnel Practice [email protected] 646.652.9440

Raymond Sandiford East Region Lead [email protected] 917.710.3395

Anthony Bauer West Region Lead [email protected] 213.500.8086

The HNTB Companies Infrastructure Solutions

Alaskan Way Viaduct hntb.com Replacement Program Special Sponsored Content Section

Robbins Projects Persevere Across North America

Conveyors On the Move TBM tunnels are not the only underground projects underway in the U.S. In Lead, South Dakota a Robbins conveyor system is being readied for the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF), a project for Fermilab. The conveyor will be used by contractor Kiewit in a project to renovate a disused gold mine into a world-class neutrino research facility. Two caverns will be excavated by drill & blast and roadheader about 1.5 km below the surface. Rock will be transported The Robbins Company is the world’s Adaptable Machine Design by cable hoist up the 1.5 km deep Ross foremost developer and manufacturer Meanwhile in Dallas, Texas, the largest Shaft to a rock crusher at the surface of advanced, underground construction hard rock TBM ever to operate in the using much of the original but refurbished machinery. Each piece of equipment, from U.S. is well on its way into the Mill Creek mining equipment, and from there will be our TBMs to our conveyors and everything Drainage Relief Tunnel. The important transported via conveyors. The Robbins in between, is engineered for maximum tunnel was designated essential by the conveyor systems are designed for the durability and premium performance, City of Dallas in order to provide 100-year unique application, and include the ensuring the successful completion of even d prtetin fr eat and utheat longest overland conveyor Robbins has the t diffiult underrund ntrutin Dallas, areas affected in recent years by ever provided (550 m), which travels over projects. Our teams of dedicated experts severe storms. Launched in April 2020, a main road and city park and near a are committed to getting your equipment the 11.6 m diameter Robbins Main Beam residential area. The system includes sound delivered on time, and to providing machine and continuous conveyor system dapenin dut filter undprfed continuing support from TBM launch have excavated more than 1,000 m of the transfer points, and monitoring systems, through to breakthrough. 8 km long tunnel for the Southland/Mole among other features. JV. The adaptable machine will change Find out more about Robbins products A Remote Machine Acceptance size partway through the bore, to a more and projects worldwide on our website, In 2020, projects across the U.S. and compact 9.9 m. www.TheRobbinsCompany.com. Canada have continued to proceed and to perate and ere findin ay t adapt to changing circumstances. In April of this year, Robbins assembled a 7.95 m diameter Single Shield TBM at a facility in ei and nduted the pany firt ever fully remote machine acceptance testing. The Robbins machine was then disassembled and transported, and is currently in the process of being launched on the Ashbridges Bay Treatment Outfall in Ontario, Canada along with a continuous conveyor system. The tunnel will be bored through shale interbedded with limestone, siltstone and sandstone in order to replace a 70-year-old existing outfall.

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 26 tunnelingonline.com FEAR NO REPAIRING THE WORLD’S LONGEST TUNNEL Designed for water pressures up to 30 bar and featuring enhanced probe drilling, a 6.8 m diameter Single Shield TBM tackled tough ground and won. The machine repaired a leak in New York City’s Delaware Aqueduct below the Hudson ROCK River, completing the job on budget and ahead of schedule.

Delaware Aqueduct Repair Project New York, USA 6.8 m Single Shield TBM

therobbinscompany.com Special Sponsored Content Section

Your TBM Project Deserves More Than Second-Tier Service You want your assets delivered on time, damage-free, and according to your specs. You want a turnkey TBM solution. No one does it better than PSC Crane & Rigging.

route surveying, over-the-road transport, onsite drayage, storage and staging, lifting and lowering, up & go skidding, and even TBM assembly. There’s a lot to be said about unraveling the many complexities within a TBM challenge—while still delivering a turnkey solution. And as PSC continues to satisfy customers and gain momentum in the tunnel-boring space nationwide, leadership knows that success often lies in not just wanting to wrap up a project on time and on budget, but in being willing to do the extra r up frnt t aure afe effiient and productive completion of the job. Some companies like to tell you what they can do. PSC would rather prove it. Find out more at www.pscind.com. It’s not every day that a company brings in Dayton, Columbus, and Cincinnati, PSC nearly a century of experience to the can easily mobilize anywhere in North PSC Crane & Rigging jobsite. And when those jobsites involve America because they’ve taken the time DAYTON | COLUMBUS | CINCINNATI moving, lifting, lowering, and aligning large to invest in specialized equipment and a (888) 778 -3632 and often complex equipment, a customer highly skilled workforce—allowing them to needs to know, without a doubt, that the effectively accommodate any heavy lifting, company they’ve hired is fully capable of hauling, and equipment installation or handling every aspect of the project. relocation requirements that come their But when that jobsite involves moving way. But when it comes to TBM moves, and placing tunnel-boring machines, the there int a re ualified utfit in the stakes get even higher. Simply put: there’s game today than PSC. no room for mistakes when working with There’s literally nothing about a TBM TBMs—not even an inch. move that PSC can’t handle. And because No one understands this reality as of their world-class knowledge base, they much as PSC Crane & Rigging—one of know what questions to ask up front, and the industry’s leading single-source what strategies to consider to complete suppliers in the transportation, rigging, eah pret ith aiu effiieny and setting of transformers, generators, and minimal risks. The results speak for turbines, vessels, tunnel-boring machines, themselves: PSC services the entire TBM structures, and more. industry with comprehensive, multimodal aed in the heart f hi ith ffie solutions that include point-of-entry pick-up,

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 28 tunnelingonline.com PSC’s recent roll-on/roll-off project in Cleveland required TBM transport solutions delivered on time, on budget, and according to spec.

DAYTON 4243 West U.S. Rt. 36, Piqua, OH 45356 COLUMBUS 9026 Heritage Dr., Plain City, OH 43064 CINCINNATI 200 Olympic Dr., Milford, OH 451250 www.pscind.com | (888) 778-3632 Special Sponsored Content Section

Reinforcing Progress - DSI Tunneling LLC.

Our future begins underground. From Our ground support systems are designed deliver. Working alongside you, we help providing the commodities on which to make tunneling safer. Thanks to our you progress towards your objectives – everyday life depends, to creating local presence around the globe, we can quickly, reliably, cost-effectively. the spaces, transport conduits and satisfy your needs for ground control When you’re tackling a seemingly communications networks that connect uily and effiiently n atter here insurmountable objective, facing tonnes our world, mining and tunneling are vital you are. Our customized products and of rock and earth, and need the skills to human progress. As ground support systems are just in time delivered to and knowledge to achieve it, we’re with specialists, and a proactive partner to service our customers. you. We understand the complexities underground operations everywhere, Wherever you are in the world, and considerations, the depths and we’re the people that make it all possible. whenever you need us, we’ll be on the dangers far below the ground – and we We have been a leader in the ground – and beneath it – to reinforce work with you to navigate them, taking underground support business in North your operation and drive you deeper, yu dnard and frard effiiently America since 1920: celebrating 100 further, faster. and intelligently, safely and sustainably. years of excellence. Our core product line You want to advance your operations By helping you progress, we’re helping ranges from steel ribs and liner plates to effiiently ipre afety iniie our society progress. Which is why it lattice girders, injection chemicals, bolts downtime and maximise productivity all begins underground. Together, we and pre-support systems. Each support and performance. We have the people can help you advance into the earth – system is customized and professionally and the products for every challenge, and into the future. DSI Tunneling LLC. enineered t yur peifi appliatin and a supply chain you can rely on to Reinforcing progress.

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 30 tunnelingonline.com Reinforcing Progress

NEW – Injection Chemicals for Tunneling Applications!

The world relies on tunnels to drive economic growth and progress. And tunneling companies rely on us to drive their progress underground. By reinforcing their tunnels, protecting their people and optimising their invest- DSI Tunneling LLC ment, we keep their tunnels moving forward, opening up new opportunities 502-473-1010 to advance communities and countries. We reinforce progress - for our customers, and for the world. dsitunneling.com Special Sponsored Content Section

TREVIICOS - taking ground engineering to a deeper level with the North East Boundary Tunnel project

a broad range of techniques such as slurry walls, 5-mile tunnel built 100-feet below ground. cut-off walls, secant piles, caissons, jet grouting, n additin t reduin din the tunnel deep & shallow mixing, and ground improvement. will increase the capacity of the city’s sewer As of late, TREVIICOS has prided itself with Dams system once connected to the other Clean and Levees rehabilitation projects thorough the Rivers Project tunnels. Diversion facilities will United States as well as infrastructural works, al e ntruted t apture fr the providing geotechnical and specialty foundation existing sewer system and redirect them into works for underground tunnels. the tunnel by means of near surface structures After the successful completion of the and deep shafts. foundation work for the First Street Tunnel, RVCS r fr the inlude the TREVIICOS is again utilizing its expertise in construction of the support of excavation for rund enineerin at the rth at undary the deep shafts by slurry wall and near surface unnel fr the nin aie structures, in addition to ground improvement TREVIICOS is a full-service ground engineering infrastructure program in Washington DC. works, mainly by jet grouting, for the shafts and fir and the rth erian uidiary f the he deep eae tunnel and ar adits connecting to the tunnel. Trevi Group, a worldwide leader in geotechnical segment of D.C. Water’s Clean Rivers Project is For more information on their services, contact and foundation works headquartered in Italy. deined t redue hrni din and eer TREVIICOS at their Charlestown, Massachusetts hruhut rth eria RVCS pride er t the natia Rier he pret headuarter at r iit their innovative specialty foundation applications and involves the construction of a 23-foot diameter, website www.treviicos.com

Herrenknecht TBMs pave the way for clean river in Washington

The “Clean Rivers Project” in Washington, D.C. will ensure that 96% less untreated sewage is discharged into the Potomac River, the Anacostia River and Rock Creek. Three tunnel boring machines from Herrenknecht created huge tunnel structures with a total length of 20 kilometers, which will act both as temporary trae a ell a effiient feeder line t the Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant in the south of the city, the world’s largest wastewater treatment plant.

herrenknecht.com/cleanrivers

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 32 tunnelingonline.com dams building & levees foundation thefuture elements

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2 centipoise. It provides superior permeation Common applications for SoiLok are and the ability to permeate in sand or silty sand geotechnical grouting, soil stabilization and containing over 20 percent of material passing ground improvement for tunneling operations, thruh a iee herea ultrafine underpinning foundations, hazardous waste cement and sodium silicate grouts are limited containment and water barriers. to below 20 percent. The concentration of the Equipment and operating costs are much less SoiLok is one of Prime Resins premier SoiLok can be adjusted to meet the required than a traditional sodium silicate operation. soil stabilization products. SoiLok is a water enineer trenth peifiatin dditie are Prime Resins provides technical support, based chemical grout that provides a cost- available to increase or decrease gel times and to equipment, and material for any project. effective option for soil stabilization and ground enhance cured strength. No other chemical grout Equipment needs can be tailored to suit any improvement. SoiLok is an excellent alternative system offers the versatility and scope of use. project size or scope. So, for your next soil aterial t traditinal rut uh a ultrafine Department of Energy approved, SoiLok stabilization project, contact us to discuss SoiLok cement, sodium silicate and acrylates due to the has been successfully injected in various soil as a proven and important option to consider. overall operating cost savings and diversity. types nationwide. On site testing has proven Chemical grouting is often performed to bind that SoiLok permeates non-cohesive soils more Rick Broadrick and increase strength to a soil formation or to effetiely than diu iliate and ultrafine 470-609-4489 preent rundater infiltratin nlie diu cement. SoiLok is a permanent chemical grout [email protected] silicate, SoiLok’s blended viscosity is less than solution, not temporary. www.primeresins.com

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TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 34 tunnelingonline.com Special Sponsored Content Section

A STRONG & RELIABLE PARTNER….LET’S BUILD TOGETHER.

highly depends on how predictable and durable the forms are and how many workers- hours the crew needs to put in for assembling, operating, stripping and getting the forms ready again for the next pour. This recipe holds true as much for small 1-cubic yard forms as it does for large-scale 1000-cubic yard forms. Each EVEREST form is tailored to your exact project needs. The EVEREST engineers and designers will work with your personnel in an iterative process to optimize TUNNELS - For decades, EVEREST has aided ACCESS & MINING SHAFT - Shafts are an the frin lutin and t ffer yur field contractors in solving the complex problems of essential part of the support and supply system crew an equipment that is safe, ergonomic, concreting subway, highway and railroad tunnels in fr the r underrund Vent haft ill highly dependable and fast to operate. a wide variety of locations and working conditions. guide an adequate supply of fresh air while The equipment supplied has been as varied as access and equipment shafts provide an BRIDGE PIER FORMS - EVEREST custom pier the application. This area of tunnel concreting can adequate supply of men and material. forms are designed with large panels and a involve rather massive formwork and unusual tunnel minimum amount of components to help you shapes and diameters. These massive jobs call for C.I.P. - Building concrete structures requires focus on pouring concrete instead of spending th dein eiility and euipent eratility frr and anper ret prfitaility valuable resources in preparation for it.

tunnelingonline.com 35 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 Special Sponsored Content Section

Value Engineering Helps Ohio DOT Save Millions in Future Operating Costs on Lytle Tunnel Project

a lihtin anufaturer and enall fit the bill well. As a result, their luminaires can be found in tunnel projects coast to coast, from the SR-99 tunnel project in Seattle, Washington to the newly repaired and renamed Hugh L. Carey tunnel in New York City. The controls-compatible LuxTran LTSI luminaires are now fully operational and reactive to outside light levels, which is critical for driver safety. Schultz added, “Light levels in tunnels are important Project Summary: The Lytle (Interstate steel lighting support system, met these and uniformity is critical because people 71) tunnel in Cincinnati underwent a specs. The selection of value-engineered are driving through them at 55 mph. It’s $32.3 million renovation that included LuxTran LTSI luminaires reduced the total a combination of dimming at certain upgrading the incumbent high-pressure nuer f fiture reuired fr t hours for energy savings and reducing or sodium lighting to LED. 1,317, reducing the initial investment for increasing light levels based on time of Challenge: Identifying and, ultimately, the Ohio Department of Transportation day value-engineering the right LED lighting ain feer fiture ill al 1The Electrical Distributor, February solution to meet numerous requirements, save millions of dollars in operating costs 2017 www.tEDmag.com inludin enery effiieny reliaility over the next decade. According to an vibration resistance, ingress of water and article published in February 2017 in LuxTran LTSI Features durability under the harshest conditions The Electrical Distributor, Marvin Schultz • Lumen packages: 18,661 to 90,295 – then coordinating delivery to prevent of Becker Lighting said, “They [Kenall] • Minimum 70 CRI construction delays. helped us out with the design. It was a • 80,000-125,000 hr LED Lifetime rup effrt t find the riht lutin t (L70) Historic Lytle Tunnel Shines after LED takes a lot of time to get any government • Suitable for interior and exterior Lighting Upgrade organization to accept changes to original supplemental lighting The Lytle Tunnel (Interstate 71) is a plans but we succeeded. Kenall enabled • Type II, III, IV, IV-Narrow and 3-tube, 6-lane tunnel that runs under the us to replace the LED modules and drivers V-Square distributions available Lytle Park Historic District in Cincinnati, eaily t aintain the fiture Supprt i • eet S ertifiatin Ohio. It is the only vehicular tunnel in hat peifier alue hen rin ith • ertified per C the state of Ohio, and is just completing a two-year, $32.3million dollar upgrade to its tiles, lighting and ventilation system. The contractor selected Kenall luminaires because they fully complied with the Mott MacDonald lighting design peifiatin he pe reuired products made by an experienced tunnel lighting manufacturer, with a proven history of tunnel lighting installations and demonstration of galvanic corrosion management. Kenall’s stainless steel LTSI luminaires, combined with a stainless

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 36 tunnelingonline.com Choose from 160 presentations to attend and visit with more than 200 exhibiting companies.

MINIMIZE Maximize DISRUPTION Production Technical Papers | Industry Exhibits | Networking Events | Special Awards | Innovations | Entertainment 2021 conference PREVIEW Attend the NASTT 2021 No-Dig Show for trenchless solutions to YOUR aging infrastructure.

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Due to the pandemic and your safety being our top priority, things may look different at the NASTT 2021 No-Dig Show. Learn more about the procedures and precautions we are taking at https://www.nodigshow.com/covid-19-precautions-procedures/. PLAN YOUR EXPERIENCE!

Sunday Monday Tuesday MARCH 28, 2021 MARCH 29, 2021 MARCH 30, 2021 EVENTS EVENTS EVENTS

7:00 AM – 5:00 PM - West E/F Lobby 7:00 AM – 5:00 PM - West E/F Lobby 7:00 AM – 5:00 PM - West E/F Lobby Attendee & Exhibitor Attendee & Exhibitor Registration Attendee & Exhibitor Registration Registration Networking Events 12:00 PM – 12:30 PM 12:00 PM – 3:30 PM - West Hall E ipe ursting enter of 7:30 AM – 9:15 AM - West Hall F2 Exhibit Hall Open Excellence Meeting ickff reakfast (Full Conference Attendees Only) 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM 6:00 PM – 7:00 PM - West Hall F2 Annual General Meeting Pre-Gala Awards Dinner Reception 1:00 PM – 6:30 PM NASTT’s Regional Chapter Meetings Networking Events 4:00 PM – 7:30 PM Full conference attendees are invited to 7:00 PM – 10:00 PM - West Hall F2 Student Orientation Meeting rise and shine at the NASTT No-Dig Show Gala Awards Dinner* ic reaast e orning i roide a 7:00 PM – 9:00 PM - W230 D un i o netoring good ood and uc oung rofessionals anticiated aards as e as unorgettabe Sunday Social entertainent is years entertainent i be roided by eni oas raing ro is eeri- ences on te battefied eni insires eoe to aciee greatness by stressing te iortance o outstanding eadersi at eery ee een i You are cordially invited to attend the No-Dig 2021 te ony erson you are eading is yourse trencess industrys reiere aards din- FORUMS ner oin eaders and coeagues ro across 11:40 AM – 11:45 AM - West E/F Lobby the industry while we honor those who have MONDAY, MARCH 29 Exhibit Hall Ribbon Cutting accoised outstanding acieeents in teir resectie fieds i resent Ceremony and recognie its a o ae Cass o Service & Lateral Rehabilitation Forum 11:45 AM – 3:45 PM - West Hall E as well as the Chair Award for Distinguished MA-T3-01 and MA-T3-02 erice te aston oung rencess Exhibit Hall Open oderator on attes rencess ecnoogy Center cieeent and te bbott nnoatie roducts erices eabiitation e is oru i roide a discussion serice atera Networking Events nstaation reabiitation drien by audience articiation 5:30 PM – 7:00 PM - West Hall F2 NASTT’s 20th Annual Educational *NASTT’s 2021 No-Dig Show Gala Awards inner is a ticeted eent TUESDAY, MARCH 30 Fund Auction & Reception

CIPP Forum TM1-T3-01 and TM1-T3-02 oderator Cindy reuss ydrocience Engineers Download the is oru i roide a discussion o C drien by ND21 APP! audience articiation oin in te un and eciteent at s undraising socia eent o te year ince as raised ore tan to su- ort educationa initiaties incuding being abe Innovative Products Forum to sonsor students attendance at te oig TM2-T3-01 and TM2-T3-02 o aard scoarsis and roide targeted oderator atte ard training courses to te ebersi at arge onoad CrodCoass oin us or a socase o innoatie roduct reeases This year’s Educational Fund Auction will fea- in te trencess industry Coanies resenting ttendeeub ro your a store ture a costue contest aaiian acation rae roducts in tis oru are tis years innoatie and rae and o course enty o great Then search “The NASTT 2021 roduct aard finaists ites to bid on during te auction oig o to oin te un Due to the pandemic and your safety being our top priority, things may look different at the NASTT 2021 No-Dig Show. Learn more about the procedures and precautions we are taking at https://www.nodigshow.com/covid-19-precautions-procedures/.

Wednesday Technical Papers MARCH 31, 2021 Technical Paper Sessions EVENTS SCHEDULE-AT-A-GLANCE

7:00 AM – 5:00 PM - West E/F Lobby Attendee & Exhibitor TRACK 1 TRACK 2 TRACK 3 TRACK 4 TRACK 5 TRACK 6 Registration MONDAY AM SESSIONS 9:30 AM – 11:35 AM

MM-T1-01-05 MM-T2-01-05 MM-T3-01-05 MM-T4-01-05 MM-T5-01-05 MM-T6-01-05 10:00 AM – 12:30 PM - West Hall E Microtunneling HDD Large Diameter Condition CIPP Wastewater Pipeline Exhibit Hall Open Tunneling Assessment Rehabilitation MONDAY PM SESSIONS 3:45 PM - 5:25 PM 10:30 AM – 12:30 PM - West Hall E Student Research Poster MA-T1-01-04 MA-T2-01-04 MA-T3-01-04 MA-T4-01-04 MA-T5-01-04 MA-T6-01-04 Auger Boring HDD Rehabilitation Pipe Jacking & Pipe CIPP Wastewater Pipeline Competition Ramming Rehabilitation

TUESDAY AM, 1ST SESSION 8:00 AM - 10:05 AM Networking Events TM1-T1-01-05 TM1-T2-01-05 TM1-T3-01-05 TM1-T4-01-05 TM1-T5-01-05 TM1-T6-01-05 12:30 PM – 2:00 PM - West Hall F2 Microtunneling HDD CIPP Pipe Bursting Sliplining Asset Management Closing Luncheon & I/I TUESDAY AM, 2ND SESSION 10:20 AM - 12:00 PM

TM2-T1-01-04 TM2-T2-01-04 TM2-T3-01-04 TM2-T4-01-04 TM2-T5-01-04 TM2-T6-01-04 Pilot Tube and HDD Innovative Products Construction Project Stormwater Water Main Microtunneling Management Rehabilitation Rehabilitation

TUESDAY PM SESSIONS 3:30 PM - 5:35 PM

TA-T1-01-05 TA-T1-01-05 TA-T1-01-05 TA-T1-01-05 TA-T1-01-05 TA-T1-01-05 Microtunneling HDD Geotechnical Issues Project Planning and CIPP Stormwater Say goodbye to the friends you’ve Delivery Rehabilitation met and the connections you’ve made. Make plans to work with these new con- WEDNESDAY AM SESSIONS 8:00 AM - 10:05 AM tacts throughout the year while enjoying WM-T1-01-05 WM-T1-01-05 WM-T1-01-05 WM-T1-01-05 WM-T1-01-05 WM-T1-01-05 a delicious lunch before heading home! Microtunneling HDD Gas Condition Sliplining Emerging Assessment Technologies

COST TO ATTEND: Plan to Attend Pre-course cost $200 Regular/$100 Government A PRE- OR POST-CONFERENCE COURSE Post-course cost $400 Regular/$250 Government Includes attendance to the course, course handouts and a Continuing Education Unit certificate issued by WEDNESDAY Louisiana Tech University. NASTT’s Gas Good Practices Course Wednesday - 2:00 PM – 6:30 PM - W232 B Cost to Attend: NASTT’s Horizontal Directional $200 Regular/$100 Government Drilling (HDD) Good Practices Course Wednesday - 2:00 PM – 6:30 PM NASTT’s Sewer Laterals Good Thursday - 7:30 AM – 12:00 PM Practices Course W230 A SUNDAY Wednesday - 2:00 PM – 5:30 PM - W232 C NASTT’s Pipe Bursting Good NASTT’s Trenchless Technology Practices Course Short Course – New Installation WEDNESDAY & THURSDAY Wednesday - 2:00 PM – 5:30 PM 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM - W232 B Thursday - 8:30 AM – 12:00 PM NASTT’s Cured-In-Place Pipe (CIPP) W230 C NASTT’s Trenchless Technology Good Practices Course Short Course – Rehabilitation Wednesday - 2:00 PM – 6:00 PM NASTT’s New Installation Methods 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM - W232 A Thursday - 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM Good Practices Course W230 B Wednesday - 2:00 PM – 6:00 PM NASTT’s Municipal Grouting Course Thursday - 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM - W232 C W230 D THE NASTT 2021 NO-DIG SHOW

March 28 - April 1, 2021 Sponsors Orange County Convention Center - Orlando, FL Thank You to Our Corporate Sponsors for Their Industry Support

PLATINUM SPONSORS

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For more information or to reserve your the 2021 No-Dig Show Sponsorship, please contact Meghan Squires, Conference Sales Coordinator, Benjamin Media Inc. at 330-467-7588 or [email protected]. TUNNEL updates

The Contractor will be using a Herrenknecht Design was completed and the project was put CALIFORNIA slurry TBM, which is anticipated to arrive onsite out to bid in November 2019. However, due to the in late 2020. Tunnel construction is anticipated to COVID-19 pandemic, bidding was extended to Carson/Los Angeles/Rancho begin in the first half of 2021. Aug. 27, 2020, to avoid the spring 2020 adverse Palos Verdes pandemic impacts and to develop appropriate speci- Jint ater llutin Cntrl lant fuent Lead Design Consultant: Parsons; Tunnel Design fications for safe construction practices. Outfall Tunnel Consultant: McMillan Jacobs Associates; Tunnel McMillan Jacobs Associates was the tunnel de- Dragados USA Construction Management Consultant: Mott signer of record. The construction manager will be The Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts MacDonald; the SFPUC’s Construction Management Bureau (Sanitation Districts) are undertaking the $630.5 Major Subcontractors for Dragados – Excavation and with supplemental resident engineer, construction million Joint Water Pollution Control Plant Efflu- Structures: W.A. Rasic Construction Company, Inc.; Jet management and inspection staffing provided by ent Outfall Tunnel project, which includes a tunnel Grouting and Support of Excavation: Malcolm Drilling AECOM. Major Michels subcontractors include approximately 7 miles long and 18 ft in internal Company, Inc. Apex Rockfall Mitigation, Kroner Environmental, diameter to convey disinfected, secondary-treated Schrader Mechanical, Cody Builders Supply, Geo- effluent from the Sanitation Districts’ Joint Water Key Project Personnel: Los Angeles County Sanitation structural Engineering, Inc., and Renesco, Inc. Pollution Control Plant located in the City of Districts – Construction Management Section: Ignacio Carson, California, to an existing ocean discharge Murillo, Section Head; Russell Vakharia, Resident Engineer; Sewer Design Section: Anthony Howard, Key Project Personnel: SFPUC – Regional Project system at Royal Palms Beach in San Pedro in the Section Head; Oscar Morales, Supervising Engineer; Manager: David Tsztoo, PE; Regional Project Engineer: City of Los Angeles. The tunnel will be constructed Yoonkee Min, Senior Engineer. Parsons – Danson Kelii, Lawrence Soe, PE (past); Joseph Buitrago, PE (acting); by a pressurized face, single-pass TBM. Project Manager. McMillan Jacobs Associates – John Regional Construction Manager: Jerry Malone. The tunnel alignment will vary in depth from Stolz, Lead Tunnel Design Consultant. Mott MacDonald McMillan Jacobs – Project Manager: Rene Fippin, approximately 50 to 450 ft below the ground – Daniel McMaster, Lead Tunnel Construction Manager. Principal, PE, GE; Project Engineer: Jennifer Sketchley, Associate, PE; Tunnel Engineer: Glenn Boyce, Principal, surface. The entire tunnel alignment will be below Dragados – John Kennedy, Vice President of Southern California Operations; Claudio Cimiotti, Project Manager; G; C Cntrat ffier: ri al Vie the groundwater table with pressures ranging from John Truong, Deputy Project Manager; Nicholas Karlin, President; Resident Engineer: Bob Mues; Lead 1 to 9 bar. Tunneling will go through two very dis- Project Engineer. Inspector: Thomas (Bud) DeGrio. tinct ground conditions. The first half of the tunnel will be through soft ground with depths up to 110 Groveland ft. The second half of the tunnel will be through Mountain Tunnel Improvements hard rock with depths up to 450 ft where the tun- Michels DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA nel will be subjected to intense ground squeezing Bids on this project for the San Francisco Public conditions due to the overburden pressure. Utilities Commission (SFPUC) were opened on Washington The tunnel lining will consist of bolted and Aug. 27, 2020, with Michels Tunneling as the appar- Northeast Boundary Tunnel Project gasketed precast concrete segments. Tunneling ent low bidder at $138,965,566. NTP is anticipated Salini Impregilo Healy will go through splays of the Palos Verdes Fault by Jan. 4, 2021, with estimated construction final This $579.9 combined sewer overflow (CSO) tun- Zone where 16-ft diameter steel liner will be used completion in December 2026 nel for DC Water is 26,737 ft long with a 23-ft finish within the 18-ft diameter concrete segments to The Mountain Tunnel is a critical lifeline asset diameter (26 ft, 3 in. excavated diameter). The tunnel accommodate displacement from seismic events through which the SFPUC conveys 85% of its water is driven using an EPB TBM in heavy clay and water at two locations. When in operation, the tunnel from the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir within Yosemite bearing clayey sands at water pressures up to 3 bar. will be under hydrostatic pressure. In the first half National Park in the Sierra Mountains to 2.7 million The job includes construction of seven slurry wall of the alignment, internal pressure will exceed wholesale and retail customers in the San Francisco shafts up to 130 ft. deep in a dense urban environ- the external pressure and post-tensioning of the Bay Area. The objectives of the Mountain Tunnel ment. Ground freezing was used at two shafts to concrete segmental liner will be necessary. To offset Improvements are to rehabilitate the tunnel and connect the shafts to the tunnel. Jet grouting was used the “hoop stress” developed from internal pressure, make improvements to extend the useful life of this at other shafts for connections. The tunnel connects a post-tensioning system consisting of internal steel asset for the next 100 years. The scope of work underground to an existing 21-ft diameter live sewer. tendons along the circumference of the concrete includes: concrete lining repairs, contact grouting, Extensive instrumentation was included to track the liner was specified. This post tensioning design is approximately 5,000 lf of concrete invert paving, a performance of the TBM with regards to settlement. unique and has only been used a few times in the new tunnel portal and 1,000 lf by 14-ft diameter adit As of Sept. 1, the project was approximately 57% world, but never before in North America. In the tunnel at Priest Portal, two new shafts of 100-ft and complete. The TBM has resumed advancing after a second half of the alignment, the hard rock around 150-ft depth and connector tunnel sections to the breakthrough and cutterhead rebuild at the W Street the tunnel will offset the internal pressure, and existing tunnel, two 72-in. control valves plus four Shaft during April and May. The TBM will pass un- post-tensioning will not be required. 72-in. insolation valves, an approximately 700-ft der the WMATA Red Line Metro Station on Rhode Work at the JWPCP Shaft Site started in sum- by 14-ft diameter bypass tunnel extension of South Island Avenue in October. It will then proceed an- mer 2019. Construction of the access shaft slurry Fork Siphon below the Tuolumne River, approxi- other 7,747 ft to the R Street extraction shaft. Work is wall excavation support system was completed in mately 1,500 lf of steel pipe tunnel lining, adit bulk- proceeding at numerous shaft sites for all the ground December 2019. Excavation of the shaft in dry and head improvements at Early Intake, construction support of shafts and interceptor structures. Shaft wet conditions, which was followed by shaft tremie staging areas for spoils fill sites and office trailers, lining at W Street will top out in September. The R slab construction and dewatering, was completed access road/slope stabilization for safer access, water Street shaft was completed and the rock interface at August 2020. Jet grouting activities for the tail tun- treatment plants for construction water discharge, the shaft bottom grouted. Crews are proceeding at nel, starter tunnel, and three safe havens is ongoing environmental permit compliance, and other site multiple locations installing jet grout plugs in secant with an anticipated completion date of early 2021. improvements and site restoration. pile structures and also jet grouting safe havens for the

tunnelingonline.com 41 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 TUNNEL updates

TBM, as well as excavating the connecting adit at the of Georgia State Route 10, and be recovered in a lf of tunnel (20-ft concrete lined finished diameter), 4th Street shaft in frozen ground and starting struc- liner plate recovery tunnel and maneuvered into the approximately 280 ft deep, one 12-ft diameter con- tural concrete work for sewer diversion at 4th Street. receiving pit. After both tunnels are complete, 36-in. struction shaft, and one 45-ft diameter gate shaft. The Finishing work is underway for the cement-bentonite ductile iron gravity sewer pipe will be installed tunnel was excavated all through bedrock with the soldier pile walls at Mount Olivet Road. and backfilled. Ground conditions are anticipated use of a drill & blast method. The Northeast Boundary Tunnel is part of an to transition between partially weather rock and The job is about 78% complete. Major milestones overall $2.7 billion program by DC Water to mitigate granite. The project is scheduled to be completed in completed was excavation of construction & gate CSO discharges into the Anacostia and Potomac March 2021. Project members include Athens- shaft, excavation and lining of 20-ft diameter tunnel, Rivers and bring flood relief to NE Washington, Clarke County (Owner), Garney Construction and connection to Stage 1 of the McCook Reservoir D.C. The tunnel is a challenging alignment with (General Contractor) and Bradshaw Construction with subsequent tunnel plug when the reservoir 15 curves, shaft entry and exit, and only one shaft working as the tunneling subcontractor. became live in 2017. Upcoming milestones will be the online in 26,737 ft to check alignment. TBM muck delivery of two 22-ft by 21-ft steel gates and hydraulic removal is by conveyor belt in the tunnel and by a 17 Project Information: Chris Flanagan – Project Manager; cylinders to control water within the tunnel when it cy clamshell at the shaft. The tunnel and all associ- [email protected]. becomes live. Once gates are installed, the contractor ated structures have a 100-year design life. The work will make the connection into the existing live 33-ft environment for the shaft construction along Rhode Atlanta tunnel on the North end and remove the plug on Island Avenue is challenging with small shaft sites Niles Avenue Sewer Improvements the south end (reservoir side). Current construction combined with urban residential neighborhoods and Bradshaw Construction Corp. activities are lining the 45-ft diameter gate shaft with a high traffic corridor. DC Water and SIH are mak- Bradshaw Construction is currently working on a concrete and constructing the Control Building ing extensive community outreach efforts. The tunnel project, contracted under Garney Construction, in which will house all of the mechanical equipment for and all shaft support are designed by SIH while the the suburbs of NW Atlanta for the Department of the gates. remaining permanent structures are designed by Watershed Management to realign an existing 15-in. A unique aspect of the job was the time constraint DC Water. NTP was issued Sept. 15, 2018. Final sewer line. Bradshaw is expected to install 1,760 lf of of having the south end of the tunnel connected to Completion is scheduled for Jan. 27, 2023. 18-in. ductile iron sewer pipe by trenchless means in Stage 1 of the reservoir before the reservoir came on- difficult geotechnical conditions that warrant both line at the end of 2017. The other unique feature will Designer: Brierley Associates; TBM Supplier: the use of a Robbins Rockhead Double Shielded be connecting the north end of the proposed tunnel Herrenknecht; Slurry Walls, Jet Grout, Secant Piles, TBM and a Herrenknecht MTBM. to an existing live 33-ft tunnel that collects combined Solider Piles: Treviicos; Dewatering: Moretrench; Bradshaw has completed the installation of sewage for the Chicagoland area. Segmental Tunnel Liner Supplier: ConSeg JV; Muck four liner plate shafts ranging in size and geology, Hauling: Bulldog Construction; Instrumentation: and has started mining on three separate tunnels Entech; Instrumentation Installation: EBA; Construction Tunnel & Gate Designer was Black and Veatch Manager: EPC Consultants; DC Clean Rivers Program utilizing both the TBM and MTBM. The Rob- Corporation, Walsh Construction Manager is Mark Manager: McMillen Jacobs and Greeley & Hansen. bins TBM has finished mining through a 1,000-ft Fournier, MWRDGC Project Manager is Kevin Fitzpatrick, radius curve in a bald rock tunnel spanning a total Mining Company in charge for excavation of Stage Key Project Personnel – Project Director: Shane distance of 713 lf. Bradshaw also completed mining 1 of the McCook Reservoir was Vulcan Materials Yanagisawa; Project Manager: Fabio Ciciotti; (Vulcan & Walsh needed to coordinate their work with the MTBM simultaneously, which spanned a when the proposed tunnel was connecting into the Construction Manager: Flaviano Solesin; Safety distance of 346 lf in mixed ground conditions. The Manager: Tim Jones; QC/QA Manager: Rick Munzer; reservoir), Major subcontractors were Linita Design & Engineering Manager: Pietro Banov; Business Manager: last tunnel, 701 lf, combines the use of both tunnel Manufacturing Group, Pagoda & Electric Construction Stefano Cadoni; Plant & Equipment Manager: Mauro boring machines. The MTBM was launched 415 lf Inc., Truck King Hauling, Terrell Materials Corporation, Pizzaia; Design Manager: Pietro Banov; Brierley one direction into wet silty clay, while the Robbins Atlantic Painting Company and Steppo Supply & Associates Design Manager: Jeremiah Jezerski; TBM launched in the opposite direction to receive Construction Inc. Resident Engineer: Scott Shylanski. For enquiries the MTBM within the rock portion of the drive. contact Fabio Ciciotti at 202-615-0652. Key Project Personnel: MWRDGC: Kevin Fitzpatrick The Robbins machine will be backed up into the (Design Project Manager), Patrick Jensen (Design shaft and the MTBM will be jacked the remainder Engineer), Carmen Scalise (Construction Project of the way. Once complete, 18-in. DI pipe will be Manager), Tim Nolan (Resident Engineer); Black and installed and backfilled. Construction is expected to Veatch: Faruk Oksuz (Project Director), Cary Hirner GEORGIA be completed October 2020. (Project Manager) and Mark White (Engineering Athens Manager); Walsh: Mark Fournier (Project Manager), Erik Schneider (Technical Engineer). Upper North Oconee - Phase 2B Trunk Project Information: Chris Flanagan – Project Manager; Sewer Replacement [email protected]. Bradshaw Construction Corp. Bradshaw Construction has begun construc- tion in Athens-Clarke County for re-alignment of a INDIANA gravity sewer line. Bradshaw has just completed the ILLINOIS Fort Wayne first tunnel drive spanning 116 ft under the Athens Bedford Park/McCook hree Rier rtetin and er Line Railroad, in which 60-in. steel casing was McCook Reservoir, Des Plaines Reduction Tunnel (3RPORT) jacked behind an AVN 1200 MTBM. The second n unnel Salini Impregilo Lane JV tunnel will require two separate tunneling methods Walsh Construction Company II, LLC The $188 million Design-Bid-Build project for due to a transition in ground conditions. A NATM The McCook Reservoir, Des Plaines Inflow the City of Fort Wayne – City Utilities consists of ap- starter tunnel will be excavated out of the shaft until Tunnel project is a $107.7 million project for the proximately 24,500 LF of tunnel, 200 to 240 ft deep, it becomes too difficult to proceed, where a rock Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater excavated by a Herrenknecht slurry TBM, segmen- head TBM manufactured by Robbins will take over Chicago (MWRDGC). NTP was July 9, 2016, with tally lined with a 16-ft finished inside diameter. There and mine approximately 1,100 ft through competent estimated date of completion on Nov. 19, 2021 are three large diameter shafts, ranging from 29 to 69 rock. The rock TBM will curve under a busy section The project comprises approximately one 5,850 ft diameter supported through the overburden with

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 42 tunnelingonline.com a slurry wall, with drill-and-blast excavation through sent decree, the White River and Lower Pogues Run the contractor has started excavation of the 610-ft rock. There are 13 small-diameter drop and vent Tunnels must be operational by the end of 2021. long starter tunnel. The TBM completed mining shafts, ranging from 2 to 8 ft, excavated by blind-bore the Fall Creek Tunnel in April 2020 and was drilling and lined with ductile iron and centrifugally Key Project Personnel – Construction PM: Christian delivered to the Pleasant Run launch shaft site cast fiberglass reinforced polymer mortar pipe. Heinz; Operations Manager: Percy Townsend; Design where it is undergoing a full refurbishment prior Approximately 720 LF of adits will be driven using Engineer: Dr. Ran Chen; Safety Manager: Kyle Shickles; to reassembly underground. Mining is antici- Field Engineers: Eric Haacke, Max Engen, Marvin Ko. drill-and-blast method to connect the TBM tunnel to pated to commence by the end of 2020. Once the drop and vent shafts. The TBM tunnel and adits Inspection PM: Sam Cain, P.E. (AECOM). Owner: Citizens complete, the entire 28-mile DigIndy system will will be excavated through limestone of the Wabash Energy Group – Manager, DigIndy Capital Program: Mike have utilized a single Robbins main beam TBM. Formation with anticipated high groundwater inflow Miller, P.E.; Construction Supervisor: John Morgan. In addition to 28 miles of hard rock mining, the in the range of 5,000 to 10,000 gpm at 6.5 bar. TBM will have been backed up over 9 miles Through the end of August 2020, TBM excava- Indianapolis allowing the elimination of multiple launch and tion is approximately 53% complete, and is scheduled Fall Creek Tunnel retrieval shafts. Based on the terms of a federal to complete in May 2021. Shea-Kiewit JV consent decree, the Pleasant Run Tunnel must be The Fall Creek Tunnel is a 20,244-ft, 20-ft, 2-in. operational by the end of 2025. Tunnel Designer: Black & Veatch, Construction diameter bored tunnel with an 18-ft finished concrete Manager: Jacobs, Major Subcontractors: CSI Tunnel lining (approximately 250 ft deep). There are 10 CSO Key Project Personnel – Construction PM: Christian Systems, Keller – North America, Kokosing Industrial, connecting structures/deaeration chambers and adits. Heinz; Operations Manager: Percy Townsend; Design Hardman Construction, Bunn, Inc., Shambaugh & Son, The work is for Citizens Energy Group’s DigIndy Engineer: Dr. Ran Chen; Safety Manager: Kyle Shickles; LP, TBM Manufacturer: Herrenknecht. Field Engineers: Eric Haacke, Max Engen, Marvin Ko. project, which is a CSO reduction program including Key Project Personnel: Owner/City of Ft Wayne: six deep rock tunnels totaling over 28 miles. Inspection PM: Sam Cain, P.E. (AECOM). Owner: Citizens Mike Kiester (Manager, City Utilities Engineering), TJ Mining commenced in September 2019 from a Energy Group – Manager, DigIndy Capital Program: Mike Short (Senior Program Manager, Sewer Engineering); 30-ft diameter shaft that was previously constructed Miller, P.E.; Construction Supervisor: John Morgan. Tunnel Designer/Black & Veatch: Leo Gentile (Senior as the retrieval shaft for the White River Tunnel Project Manager), Matthew Pierce (Project Manager), Construction Manager/Jacobs: Todd Webster alignment. After successfully mining the White River (Construction Contract Manager), Contractor/Salini Tunnel, the TBM mined through the shaft and KENTUCKY Impregilo Lane JV: Daniele Nebbia (Vice President underwent a minor refurbishment. Mining was com- Louisville of Tunneling Operations), Bill Dean (Project Director), pleted on April 1, 2020. The tunnel terminated ap- Ohio River Tunnel Lance Waddell (Project Manager), Brad Krumel proximately 2,400 ft past the retrieval shaft location. Shea-Traylor JV (Construction Manager), Francesco Chiappalone The TBM was backed up and parked downstream (Technical Manager). Information: Lance Waddell at The Ohio River Tunnel for the Louisville and of the shaft, and the remainder of the shaft was shot [email protected]. Jefferson County Metropolitan Sewer District down to the invert. The TBM has been retrieved and (MSD) is 21,300 ft, 22 ft excavated, 20 ft finished di- transported to the site of the Pleasant Run Tunnel Indianapolis ameter, 200 ft deep with 6 shafts. Ground conditions launch shaft, where it is undergoing a full refurbish- White River Tunnel, Lower include limestone and dolomite rock, potential fault ment before mining the final leg of the DigIndy sys- Pogues Run Tunnel zones, and potential natural gas zones in the rock. tem. The Fall Creek Tunnel has over 5,200 ft of adits, Shea-Kiewit JV Natural gas was encountered through probe and adit excavation is ongoing. Based on the terms of The White River Tunnel is a 30,600-ft, 20-ft, 2-in. holes drilled ahead of the TBM on Aug. 26, 2020, a federal consent decree, the Fall Creek Tunnel must diameter bored tunnel with an 18-ft finished concrete when the TBM cutterhead was at STA 195+86. be operational by the end of 2025. lining (approximately 250 ft deep). There are two Gas was only detected at the tunnel face. No gas bifurcations in the final alignment and seven CSO was detected on the TBM trailing decks, rest of the connecting structures/deaeration chambers and adits. Key Project Personnel – Construction PM: Christian Heinz; Operations Manager: Percy Townsend; Design tunnel, or working shaft. It took a few days of con- The Lower Pogues Run Tunnel is a 10,200-ft, 20-ft, Engineer: Dr. Ran Chen; Safety Manager: Kyle Shickles; tinuous tunnel ventilation before the gas levels were 2-in. bored tunnel with an 18-ft finished concrete Field Engineers: Eric Haacke, Max Engen, Marvin Ko. below 10% LEL at the tunnel face. S-T JV resumed lining, which bifurcates from the White River Tun- probing and grouting operations, and the TBM is nel alignment, and includes two CSO connecting Inspection PM: Sam Cain, P.E. (AECOM). Owner: Citizens now past this zone. structures/deaeration chambers and adits. The work Energy Group – Manager, DigIndy Capital Program: Mike TBM excavation is 98% complete. Approximately Miller, P.E.; Construction Supervisor: John Morgan. is for Citizens Energy Group’s DigIndy project, which 300 ft before hole-through at the Retrieval Shaft/DS06. is a CSO reduction program including six deep rock Construction of the adit connecting Drop Shaft DS01 tunnels totaling over 28 miles. Indianapolis to the main tunnel is complete. S-T JV has started Mining commenced in September 2016 from a Pleasant Run Tunnel concrete lining the Tunnel Bifurcation section. 35-ft diameter shaft that was previously constructed Shea-Kiewit JV as the retrieval shaft for the Deep Rock Tunnel The Pleasant Run Tunnel is a 41,472-ft, 20-ft, Tunnel Designer: Black & Veatch; Construction Connector alignment. After successfully mining 2-in. diameter bored tunnel with an 18-ft finished Manager: Black & Veatch; Major Subcontractors: Platt the Lower Pogues Run Tunnel, the TBM was concrete lining (approximately 250 ft deep). There Construction, Steppo Supply, T.E.M., CTL Engineering, Harmon Steel; TBM Manufacturer: Robbins backed up and successfully relaunched within the are eight CSO connecting structures/deaeration White River Tunnel. The TBM holed through at chambers and adits. The work is for Citizens Key Project Personnel: Greg Powell: MSD Construction the White River Tunnel Retrieval Shaft on April Energy Group’s DigIndy project, which is a CSO Manager; Jacob Mathis: MSD Project Manager; 10, 2019, completing close to 41,000 ft of mining. reduction program including six deep rock tunnels Jnathan Stei: la Veath ein ret As of September 2020, 1,700 ft of adits have been totaling over 28 miles. Manager; Mark Bradford: Black & Veatch Design Tunnel drilled and shot, including one single run of 1,112 ft. Slurry wall installation for the launch shaft Lead; Pete Boysen: Black & Veatch Sr. Construction Manager; Alston Noronha: Black & Veatch Construction Additionally, concrete lining operations are ongoing occurred in the Summer 2019. The launch shaft Manager; Shemek Oginski: S-T JV Project Manager; in both tunnels. Based on the terms of a federal con- has been excavated to the invert elevation, and Jesse Salai: S-T JV Operations Manager.

tunnelingonline.com 43 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 TUNNEL updates

retrieval from the bottom of reservoir at a depth MARYLAND of 160-ft. Both microtunnels are complete. An OHIO Baltimore unplanned extensive rebuild of the machine was Cleveland Jones Falls Sewershed – SC 941 required between the two drives due to significant Doan Valley Tunnel Project Bradshaw Construction Corp. wear of both internal and external parts. Both line McNally/Kiewit DVT JV Bradshaw Construction recently completed and grade were within tolerance for both tunnel The Doan Valley Tunnel is a $142.3 million CSO constructing twin liner plate tunnels for a siphon drives. Wet retrieval required an adjustment to abatement project for the Northeast Ohio Regional installation by hand mining in Baltimore. The the original planned operation necessitating field Sewer District (NEORSD) comprising: 48- and 72-in. liner plate tunnels extended ap- adjustments to the means and methods. • Two conveyance tunnels (WCT and MLKCT): proximately 24 ft each, passing directly under- NTP was issued June 29, 2015. The estimated 8.5-ft finished diameter for a total length of neath an existing precast 66- by 84-in. twin storm date of completion is December 2021. 9,400 lf. Mined with a 12-ft dia. Robbins Main drain with no clearance. After the tunnels were Beam TBM. Two passes: Rib-and-lagging as completed, 18- and 54-in. DIP lines were installed ther ar artie ffiliated ith the ret: initial support; Precast concrete pipe as final and backfilled in the liner plate tunnels. Ground ry Chae; ret einer Gannett leinaen liner. Tunnel depth: between 30 and 100 ft conditions were predominantly shot rock and sand Sayer erette niht; Reident nineer C below grade. Patrick Hoosier; MTBM Manufacturer, Herrenknecht. fill with decomposed rock in the invert. The project • One main tunnel (DVT): 18-ft finished was completed in July 2020. The project members Key Project Personnel: SRJV Project Manager, John diameter for 10,000 lf. Mined with a 20.75- included the City of Baltimore (Owner), Anchor riei; ield peratin anaer Chri ai; ft dia. Herrenknecht Single Shield Hard Construction (General Contractor) and Bradshaw ret nineer i ray Je Jane ar allaha Rock TBM. One pass: universal ring, 5+1 Construction working as tunneling subcontractor. Chrity lli; Superintendent ula Ser; Safety segments (fiber reinforced). Tunnel invert Manager, Jose Perdomo. depth: between 50 and 100 ft below grade. Project Information: Jordan Bradshaw – Project Intercepting pre-existing brick sewers up to 3 Manager; [email protected] Newburgh ft above the tunnel crown. Delaware Aqueduct Bypass Tunnel • Seven shafts between 23 and 55 ft in diameter; Montgomery County/Prince Kiewit-Shea JV 30 to 100 ft in depth. George’s County The $707 million project for the New York The geology is primarily Chagrin Shale bedrock Purple Line Light Rail Project City Department of Environmental Protection for all three tunnels, except for a short reach at the Purple Line Transit Partners (PLTP) involves building a 2.5-mile-long tunnel 600 very end of the WCT drive, in Cleveland Shale. Both SEM Tunnel excavation was completed in ft under the Hudson River from Newburgh to Chagrin and Cleveland shale rock masses are charac- March 2019 and installation of water-proofing and Wappinger. Once finished, the bypass tunnel terized by low UCS (up to 2,800), clay-filled bedding the Secondary Liner in November. Construction will convey water around a leaking section of the joints, weathered interbeds, and tendency for slaking. of the cut-and-cover structure at the east end of the Delaware Aqueduct. The leaking section will be The WCT 12-ft diameter tunnel drive was com- tunnel was completed in June 2020 and concrete plugged and taken out of service permanently. pleted on Dec. 12, 2018. Pipe installation and cellular work for the approach structure is ongoing. At 85 miles long, the Delaware Aqueduct is grout backfill were completed on July 30, 2019. The Sinking of the shaft in Bethesda by drill-and- the longest tunnel in the world. It conveys about DVT tunnel drive was completed on Sept 7, 2019. blast is in progress as well. Current depth is half of New York City’s drinking water from res- The DVT Starter Tunnel, 18-ft diameter with 300 lf approximately 90 ft. Crews completed placement ervoirs in the Catskills Mountains. The project is of Synthetic Fiber Cast-In-Place Concrete, completed of the cast-in-place liner required to be installed the largest repair in the 178-year history of New operations on April 17, 2020. before cavern excavation can commence in May York City’s water supply. The MLKCT 12-ft diameter. tunnel drive was this year. The ground conditions at tunnel horizon The finished bypass tunnel will be 14 ft in completed on Jan. 15, 2020, and pipe installation encompass mixed face conditions varying from diameter. The initial excavation by a tunnel bor- operations were completed on April 8, 2020, with slightly weathered metamorphic rock to completely ing machine, completed in August 2019, was 21.6 cellular grout backfill completed Aug. 28. decomposed rock known as saprolite. Most of the ft to accommodate 9,200 ft of 16-ft diameter steel Remaining work includes near surface structure tunnel runs below the groundwater table. interliner with a final cast-in-place concrete liner. work, final shaft concrete work; Installation, along The existing Delaware Aqueduct will be un- with final testing and commissioning, for automated Design-Build Contractor: Purple Line Transit watered when the bypass is finished so that it can hydraulic sluice gate tunnel flow control system; and Constructors (PLTC), an LLC comprised of Fluor, Lane, be connected to structurally sound portions of the and Traylor Bros. Tunnel Designer: Mott MacDonald. Removing temporary flow maintenance/control existing aqueduct. During this unwatering a tun- devices and introducing flow to tunnel along with res- Project Personnel – MTA Project Director: Vernon nel condition survey will be made and a smaller toration of sites. The overall project is 93% complete. Hartsock; Concessionaire’s Project Manager: Peter leak to the northwest will be sealed by grouting. Van der Waart; PLTC: Project Manager Scott Risley; Tunnel excavation is complete. Workers have einer: illenJa iate ade Construction Manager: Ken Prince; Underground also completed the steel inter-liner installation. ri; Cntrutin anaer RS: uer; Construction Manager: Jean-Marc Wehrli. A total of 230 sections of inter-liner have been Cntrutin Superir RS: arrie utn installed. Workers have also completed placing Major Subcontracts: CSI-Forterra (18-ft ID precast cellular grout behind the liner. The final cast-in- concrete segments); Northstar (Concrete Structures); place lining placement has started and will con- S V annular rut and rund nditinin; G NEW YORK tinue into 2021. Some work remains to complete (cellular grout); Jennmar (steel ribs); Northern Concrete Pipe (8.5-ft ID precast pipes). Gilboa the shafts, along with the final connection of the

Schoharie Reservoir Low Level Outlet new tunnel to the existing Delaware Aqueduct. Southland/Renda JV Key Project Personnel: Chris Lynagh – Project anaer allyieit V JV; Je eter General This $142.6 million project for NYC DEP ein: e r City nue ein ith Superintended allyieit V JV; Cllin Shreder comprises two 9.5-ft microtunnels: a 1,225-ft land support from McMillan Jacobs Associates; Construction ShaftStruture nineer allyieit V JV; leg drive and a 950-ft water leg drive with wet Manager: Parsons ; TBM: Robbins. da rne Superintendentaler ally

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 44 tunnelingonline.com Kiewit DVT JV; Lance Jackson – Project Engineer 130-ft deep receiving shaft. The tunnel was mined This $206.7 million project for the City of Dal- McNally/Kiewit DVT JV; Brian Negrea – Tunnel Engineer in intact gneiss bedrock using a double shielded las includes 26,385 lf of tunnel, 32.5-ft excavated McNally/Kiewit DVT JV; Mark Kaletta – Equipment rock gripper TBM. Shaft construction consists of diameter (30-ft ID), 8 Intake Shafts (ranging from Superintendent McNally/Kiewit DVT JV; Jeff Acor – Chief liner plate and rock dowels with wire mesh. The 120 to 200 vf), and 6 lateral tunnels excavated by Surveyor McNally/Kiewit DVT JV; Matt Szaraz – QHSE Manager McNally/Kiewit DVT JV. project also includes 1,600 lf of 60- and 42-in. up- roadheader or excavators/breakers. The tunnel is stream and downstream connecting sewer, as well being excavated by a Main Beam TBM through Cleveland as several junction chambers, screening/diversions primarily Austin Chalk. Westerly Storage Tunnel structures and odor control facilities. Crews completed excavation of five shafts and Jay Dee Obayashi JV Tunnel hole through occurred on Sept. 17, currently excavating two shafts ranging from 22 The Westerly Storage Tunnel is a $135 million 2020. The project is now in the loading of the to 35 ft diameter and 110 to 190 ft deep. Mining project for the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer 84-in. Hobas liner pipe phase, which should be with the Main Beam TBM is ongoing and have District (NEORSD). It is a component of the district’s completed by the end of 2020. excavated approximately, 5,000 lf. The estimated 25-year Project Clean Lake CSO program. The date of completion is March 4, 2023. project is approximately 68% complete. Tunnel Designer/Construction Manager – Black & The TBM is equipped to bore diameters of Veatch; TBM Manufacturer – Komatsu/Terratech/ Recent activities include: 37-ft, 7-in. and 32-ft, 6-in. The final liner is a 15- Rin Suntratr and Supplier aifi in. thick cast-in-place final concrete liner. There • Shaft final concrete structure at site WST-1: International Grout (Cellular Grout), Tunnel Carrier Pipe ƒ Approx. 6,700 cy of cast-in-place con- (Hobas Pipe), Osborn Contractors (elastomeric lining). are six working sites within city environment, crete placed (approx. 215 vertical ft of and tunneling occurs under city infrastructure shaft lining). Key Project Personnel: Justin Kolster – Senior Project (including state highways, light rail tunnels/surface ƒ Overall shaft final concrete currently Manager, Super Excavators / CMCRA Joint Venture; tracks, rail roads). Stephen O’Connell – Construction Manager, Black 85% done. & Veatch; Jason Gillespie – Senior Project Manager, • Shaft final concrete structure at site WST-2: Owner: City of Dallas; Lead Designer: HALFF; Renewable Water Resources. Tunnel Designer: COWI; CM: Black and Veatch; TBM ƒ Approx. 2,200 cy of cast-in-place con- Manufacturer: Robbins; Subcontractor: Oscar Renda crete placed (approx. 267 vertical ft of Constructing, Inc. shaft lining). ƒ Overall shaft final concrete currently TEXAS Key Project Personnel: SMJV Operations Manager: Kent 100% done. Dallas Vest; SMJV Senior Project Manager: Quang D. Tran, • Restoration of site WST-2: Joes Creek Interceptor P.E.; SMJV Project Manager: Nick Jencopale; SMJV QC Manager: Matt Jackson; SMJV General Superintendent: ƒ Site restoration is currently 70% done. Southland Contracting Inc. Mike Clingon. • Tunnel excavation with Tunnel Boring Ma- The $15.8 million Joes Creek Interceptor proj- chine (TBM) at WST-3: ect for the City of Dallas comprises 8,370 lf 60-in. ƒ Approx. 265,000 tons of rock excavated. excavated diameter tunnel with 36-in. HOBAS Houston ƒ Mining currently 52% done. Carrier pipe and 20 shafts (ranging from 21 to Northeast Transmission Line 48 vf). Ground conditions change drastically and Harper Brothers Tunnel Designer: Stantec Mott MacDonald Westerly JV; include sand, sand with gravel, sandstone, sandy The City of Houston, along with four regional Construction Manager: NEORSD; Major Subcontractors: clay, shaley clay, and shale (Eagle Ford). Tunneling water authority partners, is currently designing DiGioia-Suburban Excavating (open cut and misc. site encompasses three methods: 60-in. Herrenknecht work), Nicholson Construction Company (Shaft SOE), and constructing the Northeast Transmission microtunnel boring machine (76% of job), 60-in. Marra Services Inc. (shaft excavation at two sites), Line, the largest water line project in its history. Northstar Contracting Inc.; TBM Manufacturer: Lovsuns. double-shield, open-faced, rigid, steering-shoe A series of 120-in. and 108-in. water transmission guided TBM (designed and fabricated by South- lines, with 96, 84, 66 and 54-in. interconnections, Key Project Personnel: Project Sponsor (Jay Dee land Holdings) (23% of job), and 54-in. casing by is being built to convey up to 96 million-gallons- Obayashi JV): Brian Hagan; Project Manager (Jay Dee jacking and hand mining (1% of job). per-day (MGD) to the City of Houston and 269 Obayashi JV): Nate Long; Project Engineer (Jay Dee Crews have completed excavation of 15 of 21 Obayashi JV): Lisa Smiley; General Superintendent MGD to the regional water authorities. Once shafts and 14 of 17 tunnels (73% of tunneling by (Jay Dee Obayashi JV): Jerry Pordon; Deputy Director of built, the waterline will serve approximately Engineering & Construction (NEORSD): Doug Gabriel; footage). They are installing carrier pipe and man- 900,000 homes. Construction Manager (NEORSD): Robert Auber; Senior holes and backfilling shafts as they go. Nineteen The NETL projects are split into 13 contract Construction Supervisor (NEORSD): Ryan Sullivan. of 21 shafts are in high-traffic streets of Dallas. segments. One of the segments – a 108-in. water Southland completed a 1,256 lf, 60-in. microtunnel line along city easements – required 5 tunnel drive within 1/16 in. of centerline. crossings. The longest tunnel, which passes underneath the TxDOT Highway, Interstate Owner: City of Dallas; Lead Designer: Hazen and SOUTH CAROLINA Sawyer; CM: City of Dallas; TBM Manufacturer: 69, had numerous complications. To start with, Greenville Southland Contracting, Herrenknecht. it had a length of 1,150 ft with a minimum Reedy River Basin Sewer Tunnel primary liner diameter of 130-in. The overpass Super Excavators Inc./Cooperatia Mura- Key Project Personnel: SCI Operations Manager: Kent itself contains 15 lanes of traffic, and the frontage tori Cementisti, a Joint Venture Vest; SCI Project Manager: Elliott Fuller; SCI Senior roads contain an additional eight lanes. Soil Engineer: Fareed Imoro; SCI General Superintendent: The $39.47 million Reedy River Basin Sewer conditions for the tunnel varied from full face of Homero Lugo. Tunnel project for Renewable Water Resources clay to a mixed face consisting of clay and sand, (RE-WA) involves 6,000 lf of 130-in. ID rock and to a full face of sand. A 400-ft section of the tunnel with 84-in. carrier pipe (Hobas CCFRPM Dallas drive showed coarse, non-cohesive soils under the Pipe) grouted in place, ranging from 40 to 130 ft Mill Creek/Peaks Branch/State Thomas water table. Furthermore, due to the nature of below ground surface. The project includes a 40-ft Drainage Relief Tunnel the soil strata, TxDOT required the development ID by 40-ft deep launch shaft, and a 30-ft ID by Southland/Mole JV of a tunnel excavation strategy that limited the

tunnelingonline.com 45 TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 TUNNEL updates potential for loss of ground and settlement, as well River and BNSF Railroad tracks, and are working in as possible impacts to the bridge. Construction remote area. CANADA of this tunnel began in December 2019. Despite these challenges, this $11 million tunnel was Owner: North Texas Municipal Water District; Lead BRITISH COLUMBIA successfully completed on schedule in May 2020. Designer: HDR; Tunnel Designer: Stiver Engineering; North Vancouver A 137-in. Herrenknecht Earth Pressure Balance CM: Freese & Nichols; General Contractor/ Second Narrows Water Supply Tunnel, Program Manager: Garney Construction Inc.; TBM Machine (EPBM) with 135-in. Permalock pipe Manufacturer:Bruce Richardson, Southland Contracting; Burrard Inlet Crossing was used for the installation. Lockwood, Andrews, Tunnel Contractor: Southland Contracting Inc. Traylor-Aecon General Partnership and Newnam, Inc., (LAN), served as the designer The Second Narrows Water Supply Tunnel is and Harper Brothers Construction, LLC. con- Key Project Personnel: SRJV Operations Manager: a $286 million project that will improve reliability structed the project. Kent Vest; SRJV Project Manager: Elliott Fuller; SRJV and increase capacity for Metro Vancouver to Senior Project Engineer: Fareed Imoro; SRJV General deliver drinking water throughout the Vancouver Superintendent: Clay Griffith; SRJV Superintendent: Kerens Genaro Ramos; SRJV Superintendent: Nick Sambrato. area. Project consists of two shafts (18mØ x 68m Integrated Pipeline Project 108-in. Pipeline and 10mØ x 110m) on either side of the Burrard – Trinity River Tunnel inlet that are connected by 1,100 m of 5.8m ID, IPL Partners 6.7m excavated diameter segmentally lined tunnel This $48.5 million project for the Tarrant that will be constructed with a mix shield TBM. Regional Water District comprises 4,400 lf of WASHINGTON Ground improvement includes a safe haven con- 15-ft, 7-in. excavated diameter tunnel (13-ft, 10- Seattle structed using ground freezing 400 meters into the in. finished diameter) with three shafts (ranging Ship Canal Water Quality Project drive. Three permanent water mains (2 @ 2.438m, from 60 to 150 vf). Crews are using an open-face The Lane Construction Company 1 @ 1.524 m) will be installed within the tunnel, TBM with hydraulic jacks and concrete segmen- The $254.9 million Ship Canal Water Quality up both shafts and into large underground valve tal lining to mine through weathered mudstone Project for Seattle Public Utilities comprises 13,939 chambers atop each shaft. with various faults. ft of 18-ft, 10-in. ID segmentally lined tunnel using Geology consists of permeable and variable soft The project is 86% completed with tunnel a pressurized face TBM. Tunnel depth ranges ground containing a high percentage of cobbles excavation complete. Currently crews are installing from 35 to 85 ft below grade to top of tunnel. Also and boulders with a transition to weak rock over 108-in. steel pipe in tunnel with a pipe carrier. included is conveyance pipe casing under the Ship the final 300 meters of the drive. Face pressures of Concrete segments were cast on site with the Canal installed via a curved microtunnel drive, 646 up to 7 bar are anticipated and hyperbaric inter- contractor’s segment forms. Tunneling included a lf and 94-in. diameter. vention via saturation diving is planned. river crossing of approximately 700 ft underneath There are five shaft sites: 1 slurry wall shaft South shaft is now 70 meters and excavation the Trinity River with 50 ft or less of ground cover. – West Shaft site in Ballard (tunnel launch site); scheduled to be complete in Q1 2021. TBM and Tunneling is at a grade of 6.6%. Completion is 3 secant pile shafts – Fremont site, Queen Anne supporting infrastructure are assembled and com- anticipated by March 8, 2021. site, and East Shaft site in Wallingford (tunnel exit missioned at the north site with launch slated for shaft); and 1 drilled shaft using a steel casing - East late Q3 2020. Owner: Tarrant Regional Water District; Lead Ballard site. Designer: Parsons; Tunnel Designer: Parsons/ Anticipated ground conditions along the tun- Owner: Metro Vancouver (PM: Allen Mitchell, DPM: Stiver Engineering; CM: Freese and Nichols, Inc.; nel alignment consist of a highly variable mix of Mark Qian); Tunnel Designer: McMillen Jacobs (Andrew TBM Manufacturer: Custom fabricated machine by glacially over-consolidated soils McGlenn); Construction Manager: Mott MacDonald (CM: Southland Contracting, Inc. The project is currently 10% complete. Crews Richard Brydon, DCM: Ian Whitehead); Contractor: Matt Burdick, Andrew Rule, Erica Bailey, Bill Crider. IPL Partners Operations Manager: Kent Vest; IPL have mobilized to all 5 shaft sites, and have Partners Project Manager: Jose Jimenez; IPL Partners completed the slurry wall at the West Shaft site. Major Subcontractors: Herrenknecht (TBM Project Engineer: Hossein Mirenayat; IPL Partners Upcoming work for the next 6 months includes manufacturer); Schauenburg (slurry treatment plant Superintendents: Genaro Ramos and Mario Ramos. construction of the five shafts. provider); Malcolm-Petrifond JV (slurry wall); Keller North America (ground freezing); Ballard Marine Construction McKinney Tunnel Designer: McMillian Jacobs and Associates; (hyperbaric services); Northwest Pipe (pipe supplier); Bois D’Arc Treated Water Pipeline Construction Manager: Jacobs Engineering; TBM MSE Precast (precast segment supplier). Segment E Tunnel Manufacturer: Herrenknecht. Major Subcontractors: Southland Contracting / Oscar Renda Shaft Construction - Malcolm Drilling Co.; Vancouver Microtunneling – Northwest Boring Co Inc.; Mechanical Contracting JV (SRJV) and Concrete Structures – Prospect Construction Inc.; Annacis Island Outfall Tunnel This $12.4 million project for the North Texas Electrical – Chau Electric; Trucking – Grady Excavating Pomerleau Inc. in partnership with Municipal Water District involves the construction Inc.; Segments: CSI. Bessac CANADA of 2,534 lf of 118-in. excavated diameter tunnel using NTP on this $184 million (CAD) project for 4-flange liner plate, into which 84-in. steel carrier pipe Owner: Seattle Public Utilities: Keith Ward – Project Metro Vancouver was provided in July 19, the will be placed. There are two shafts: Launch shaft Executive; Cynthia Blazina – Construction Manager; construction started in fall 2019, and tunnel exca- Alan Lord – Program Manager; Eleanor Jackson – – 30-ft clear diameter with 4-flange liner plate and vation will begin in December 2020. The project Design Manager; Stephanie Secord – Project Manager. ring beams in overburden; Receiving shaft –25-ft, Construction Management Firm: Jacobs Engineering: will last until 2024. 9-in. clear diameter with 4-flange liner plate and ring Greg Colzani – Tunnel Construction Management The project consists of the construction of a new beams in overburden. Crews are using a double- Leader; Roger Mitchell – Supervising Resident Engineer. outfall pipeline from the Annacis Island Waste- shielded, open faced, gripper type machine with Design Firm: McMillan Jacobs and Associates: Jeremy water Treatment Plant (WTP) to the Fraser River articulated steering to mine through Austin chalk. Johnson – Design Manager; Dan Dreyfus – Tunnel including: Design Lead; Contractor: The Lane Construction The main shaft is excavated and the receiving shaft • two 15 and 10 m ID 40 m deep slurry wall Company: Daniele Nebbia – Project Director; Fabrizio is 50% excavated. Tunnel excavation is 20% complete. Fara – Project Manager; Kevin Murray – Construction shafts Crews will tunnel under the East Fork of Trinity Manager; , Glen Frank – Technical Manager. • two segmental lining tunnels 4.20 m ID (200 m

TBM: TUNNEL BUSINESS MAGAZINE October 2020 46 tunnelingonline.com ISSUE ad index COMPANY ...... WEBSITE ...... PAGE and 580 m long) with a slurry TBM AECOM ...... aecom.com ...... 5 • one river riser and 2 x 110 m long 2.5 m ID diffuser pipe buried in the Akkerman ...... akkerman.com ...... 7 Fraser River bottom; Arntzen Corporation ...... arntzenpipe.com ...... 47 • a new water control structure Bradshaw Construction Corp...... bradshawcc.com ...... 6 The 15 m ID launch shaft is excavated and the invert slab is poured. Doctor Mole Inc...... drmoleinc.com ...... 21 DSI Underground ...... dsitunneling.com...... 31 Final lining is under construction. The second inland shaft has been EVEREST ...... everestequipmentforms.com ...... 35 excavated and the base slab will be cast mid September. All jet grouting Herrenknecht ...... herrenknecht.com/secondnarrows ...... 2 activities are now complete. The factory acceptance tests of the slurry HNTB...... hntb.com ...... 25 TBM were completed in France on Aug. 27. Marine work in the Frasier Jay Dee Contractors ...... jaydee.us ...... 9 River for the octagonal cofferdam started on July 2 by the installation Kenall ...... kenall.com ...... back cover of the sheetpile template. Sheetpiling with protection against erosion is Lane Construction ...... laneconstruct.com ...... 23 ongoing. The project is unusual due to the short length of both drives and McDowell Equipment ...... bmcdowell.com ...... 47 the absence of final retrieval shaft under the river bed. NASTT No-Dig Show ...... nodigshow.com ...... 37-40 CDM Smith, led by Ed Kennedy, is the project designer; Hatch, led by Prime Resins ...... primeresins.com/soilok ...... 34 ...... pscind.com ...... 29 Tim Langmaid, is the construction manager; Bessac is the TBM manu- PSC Crane & Rigging Quikspray ...... quikspray.com ...... 47 facturer; MS is the slurry treatment plant manufacturer; MSE is the seg- The Robbins Company ...... therobbinscompany.com ...... 27 ment precaster; ARUP is the contractor engineer for the tunnel section. TREVIICOS ...... treviicos.com ...... 33

Key Project Personnel: Glenn Holloway is the PM, Guillaume Roux is the operation manager, Rick Brazier is the general superintendent.

ONTARIO Toronto Ashbridges Bay Treatment Plant Outfall Project Southland | Astaldi Joint Venture A $300 million project located in the east-end of Toronto consists of a 3.5-km long outfall tunnel, an 85-m deep shaft, an effluent conduit structure, and 50 offshore risers. The wastewater treatment plant outfall is the point at which the effluent is discharged back into Lake Ontario. The new outfall tunnel will improve water quality at the city’s shorelines and beaches after completion. The purpose of the new outfall tunnel is to increase its capacity and better convey the effluent from the plant into the lake, as well as to better operate under conditions such as rainstorms. The 8-m diameter single shield tunnel boring machine will be PARTS FOR UNDERGROUND launched from the 16 meter in diameter shaft located at near the EQUIPMENT shoreline of Lake Ontario. The 51-m diameter risers will intersect the tunnel along the final kilometer span at 20-m spacing. The tunnel will www.bmcdowell.com be lined with precast segments, which will be transported to the TBM using multi-service-vehicles (MSVs). Secant piles have been installed and 80 m of shaft excavation through soil and Georgian Bay shale has been complete. A 107-m long starter tunnel has been excavated and supported using wire mesh, rock bolts, and shotcrete. The 110-m long TBM will be deliv- ered in September and assembled in the starter tunnel. The offshore portion of the project is subcontracted out to John- +1 (705) 566-8190 [email protected] son Brothers, part of the Southland Holdings family of companies. Thirteen risers have been drilled and installed and pressure tested. The risers are vertical stainless-steel pipes which will diffuse the treated effluent into the lake. As the tunneling work advances, the tunnel-riser connection work will be performed from the tunnel, which includes removing the already installed segments located at and near the crown. In 2022 construction of cast-in-place concrete conduit structure will also get underway. Intended to direct effluent from the plant to the shaft, it will include two 4-m -high by 4-m wide secondary con- duits and two bypass units measuring 7 m wide by 4 m high.

Owner: City of Toronto; Consultant: Hatch with Jacob & Baird; Contractor: Southland | Astaldi JV; Project Manager (Joe Savage); Deputy Project Manager (Francisco Urrutia); Technical Manager (Khaled El-Kalawi); General Superintendent (Curtis Bahten).

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