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Viking Heritage 1 2001 VV king king HeritageHeritagemagazine 1/2001 NORTH SEA VIKING LEGACY Viking Heritage Magazine 1/01 IN THIS ISSUE Editorial The Viking Way 3–7 Dear Subscriber, Sagas and Society III How credible is the picture of A new year and new fresh ideas of what is to come. From our side, we slavery in Icelandic Literature? 8–9 know that the Viking Heritage Magazine will be coming to you as usual this year and, as far as we can foresee, for years to come. We begin the Old stones in year with the aim of reaching many more subscribers and developing the a new light 10–11 Magazine, both by expanding the content as well as our covering of different activities on the Viking theme. New books 12 To enable us to reach our goals, we have re-organised our operations and also increased our staff. Mia Göransson will be working with us for the next 6 months, both with the database and the Magazine. Alexander Mästermyr project 13 Andreeff, whose main task is to adapt the results from the excavation at Fröjel (http://frojel.hgo.se) to a Visitors’ Centre, will work partly with Lindholm Høje marketing the Magazine. Here we would like to ask all our subscribers to Monument and Museum 14–16 help us become a worldwide magazine, by getting more subscribers, but also by telling us about new interesting discoveries, news or research Give us the myths! 17–19 results concerning the Viking world. For those of you who manage to get 3 new subscribers, a genuine gift awaits you. Genetic research for At the moment, we are working on publishing a book about Viking Vikings in Britain 19 attractions in the North Sea region as a part of our co-operation with North Sea Viking Legacy. Next autumn we are also planning to produce a Old Scatness – an book of the most interesting articles during the last 5 years of the Iron Age Village with Viking th magazine, as a sort of celebration of our 5 anniversary. Residents? 20–21 We hope you will enjoy our first issue for the year 2001. “Silk and Stone” at the Manx Marita E Ekman Dan Carlsson Museum, Isle of Man 22–23 Editor Editor-in-chief Sea Viking Legacy E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Meeting held in Norwich January 2001 22–23 Words of Wisdom Heritage News It is best for man to be middle-wise, Heritage News 24–26 Not over cunning and clever: The learned man whose lore is deep Is seldom happy at heart Viking Viewpoints From Hávamál (Words of ”The High One”) Viking Viewpoints 27 Dear Reader! 27 About the front page: Silk painting based on the rune stone from the Island of Lidingö, Stockholm. Read more on page22–23. Artwork by Valentina Kuprina / Photograph by Manx National Heritage Miljömärkt med Svanen. Lic nr 341 487 http://viking.hgo.se 2 Viking Heritage Magazine 1/01 Part 1 TheVIKING WAY Two small open boats with square sails cut through the waves. The speed is great, the waves even greater. Huge mountains of green sea are towering up on the starboard aft quarter. The boats With a full are rolling and yawing, even if the small sail the ”Hitra” has no sail only half up the mast helps steadying problem the vessel's movement. The people on traveling at 12 board hang on. It's misty, and the knots going down wind. horizon where the sky meets the sea is The picture is only a couple of hundred yards ahead. taken off the The strong wind is from the northwest. coast of Rain and spray soak everything. This is a Scotland. Photo: Olaf T. demanding sea; cold, wet and exhausting. Engvig It doesn't give much leeway and the people aboard have to know exactly what to do. Hovedsman and crew are on the alert the entire time, playing hide and seek with the big waves, just like the Vikings experienced the North Atlantic Ocean a thousand years ago. Olaf Engvig with his family and friends made four voyages without map and compass to test Viking navigation. The journeys are shown in this map. These are the impressive facts: 78 days at sea By Olaf T. Engvig 3700 nautical miles covered 8 countries and 105 township or cities visited It was all done in the original open longboat ”Hitra” a This time the boats carry no map or boat of Viking design. compass, no watch or any other 20th century This all-original longboat is 138-year-old, 29 equipment to tell where we are and where we feet long, and has 10 oars are heading. For the first time in hundreds of and a square sail. years, small, open longboats propelled by a single square sail and oars alone have set sail from Norway to try to reach small islands way out into the ocean to the west. It is a minor target, but the navigator is confident that he will find the way without aid. He has been trained in Viking navigation by experienced navigators since he was a young boy. If the wind and the weather hold up we will reach the islands in less than a week. If not, we will sail straight out into the North Atlantic with several thousand miles ahead to the next land. It is a daring challenge, but we know, like the Vikings did, that if we get lost we could always turn around. Norway will be to the East all the way. It is such a huge target that no one can miss it. Map revised by Therese Lindström 3 http://viking.hgo.se Viking Heritage Magazine 1/01 The Vikings rationally judged chances of four hours under my command and with with the use of a modern replica, we would success or failure. They were expert seamen. little or no current to count for. It is common do it simple and use this old, original and Sailing was their area of expertise. They to outrun modern yachts going down wind. traditional open longboat that had been used would usually not take on a task that was not The important thing to keep in mind is for transport just like an average open Viking feasible. In raiding, they had the option of hit that this boat vas constructed more than 20 boat would have been used. We would not and run as they had the superior craft. At sea, years before the very first Viking ship was equip our boat with modern gadgets that so they would go as far as they liked. Common discovered and excavated. The boat's builder many modern Viking voyagers do. Some Viking sense was applied in navigating. They in Åfjord, Norway would have had no Viking voyages include a warm and dry would set out in hope of obtaining knowledge of how the Vikings constructed shelter on board with radio and stereo music, something, see someone or find resources their vessels. In 1863 the general belief was a galley for hot meals and dry underwear and that could help support their barren life in that a Viking ship was a sophisticated vessel a dry bunk, a diesel engine for propulsion their cold and rocky home called Norway. with a lot of extras added to make them even and electricity for all the navigational aid With a good boat, good provisions and more impressive, much like the horns on the needed. Nothing is farther away from the sturdy clothing they sat sail out into the helmets. Contemporary paintings depict this sailing of the Vikings. The possible exception ocean knowing that they would find land if common opinion. Anecdotal evidence was Magnus Andersen back in 1893. He and the wind and weather would cooperate. indicates that many refused to believe that his men sailed the very first replica ship the the Gogstad Viking ship, when excavated in ”Viking” to the World Fair in Chicago. In The Boat's Origin 1880 as the first rather complete hull, was a my opinion that first voyage is the most real Viking ship. It was too much ”a copy” of scientific Viking sailing done in a replica Our Viking boat is very old, but in original the open longboats still in use on the coast of ship. ”Viking” was built by a shipyard and and seaworthy condition. It is not a Viking Norway where ”Hitra” was built. Was sailed by professional seamen that had replica, but an original open Norwegian someone playing the scientists a trick by practical experience. Captain Anderson did longboat built, down to details, the same way burying an old boat a hundred years before? use some adaptations and additional as a Viking boat is built. A famous boat For the excavators this was not an issue. equipments. He stated that a true Viking sail builder, known to make superior boats, built There were many other genuine Viking should be done without these alterations. it in 1863. This boat has survived all this artifacts and valuables found along with the years because it was an excellent vessel. When ship. This was ”the real thing” and the world Testing Theories the original owner discovered that he had a finally learned how Viking ships were We wanted to pick up where captain boat with better sailing ability then all others constructed. Our boat is built in the same Andersen left; go back to the roots or the boats of the fishing fleet, he saved and way with the same details.
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