Aerospace History Publications
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Civilian, Military, and Commercial
Order Code IB92011 CRS Issue Brief for Congress Received through the CRS Web U.S. Space Programs: Civilian, Military, and Commercial Updated September 28, 2004 Marcia S. Smith Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress CONTENTS SUMMARY MOST RECENT DEVELOPMENTS BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS U.S. Government Civilian Space Programs National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Human Spaceflight and Space Launch Vehicles Science Programs Other Civilian Government Agencies Commercial Space Programs Military Space Programs Interagency Coordination International Cooperation and Competition NASA and DOD Space Budgets Space Program Issues NASA Issues Military Space Issues Early Warning Satellites: the SBIRS/STSS Programs Space-Based Lasers and Space-Based Kinetic Energy Weapons for Boost-Phase Missile Defense NFIRE Antisatellite Weapons and Space Control NRO, NIMA/NGA, and Imagery Space-Based Radar Developing New Space Launch Vehicles Commercial Space and Trade Issues International Relationships LEGISLATION For links to other current CRS reports on space activities, go to the CRS website [http://www.crs.gov] and click on “Science” in the list of Current Legislative Issues. Then click on “U.S. Space Programs.” IB92011 09-28-04 U.S. Space Programs: Civilian, Military, and Commercial SUMMARY The 108th Congress is addressing a broad SBIRS-High ( to develop a new early warning range of civilian, military, and commercial satellite), Space Based Radar, and NFIRE (in space issues. which a space-based “kinetic kill vehicle” may impact a missile as it makes close sensor The National Aeronautics and Space observations of the missile’s plume). Administration (NASA) conducts the most visible space activities. -
Icebreaker: Apollo
Icebreaker: Apollo Start time: 7.30pm Running time: 2 hours 20 minutes with interval Please note all timings are approximate and subject to change Martin Aston looks into the history behind Apollo alongside other works being performed by eclectic ground -breaking composers. When man first stepped on the moon, on July 20th, 1969, ‘ambient music’ had not been invented. The genre got its name from Brian Eno after he’d released the album Discreet Music in 1975, alluding to a sound ‘actively listened to with attention or as easily ignored, depending on the choice of the listener,’ and which existed on the, ‘cusp between melody and texture.’ One small step, then, for the categorisation of music, and one giant leap for Eno’s profile, which he expanded over a series of albums (and production work) both song-based and ambient. In 1989, assisted by his younger brother Roger (on piano) and Canadian producer Daniel Lanois, Eno provided the soundtrack for Al Reinert’s documentary Apollo: the trio’s exquisitely drifting, beatific sound profoundly captured the mood of deep space, the suspension of gravity and the depth of tranquillity and awe that NASA’s astronauts experienced in the missions that led to Apollo 11’s Neil Armstrong taking that first step on the lunar surface. ‘One memorable image in the film was a bright white-blue moon, and as the rocket approached, it got much darker, and you realised the moon was above you,’ recalls Roger Eno. ‘That feeling of immensity was a gift: you just had to accentuate the majesty.’ In 2009, to celebrate the 40th anniversary of that epochal trip, Tim Boon, head of research at the Science Museum in London, conceived the idea of a live soundtrack of Apollo to accompany Reinert’s film (which had been re-released in 1989 in a re-edited form, and retitled For All Mankind. -
Space Tourism
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development 2015; 2(3): 806-818 IJMRD 2015; 2(3): 806-818 www.allsubjectjournal.com Received: 20-03-2015 Space Tourism Accepted: 30-03-2015 e-ISSN: 2349-4182 Manzoor Ahmad Khan p-ISSN: 2349-5979 Impact Factor: 3.762 Abstract "Space Tourism" denotes any commercial activity that offers customers direct or indirect experience Manzoor Ahmad Khan with space travel. Such activities have many different designs, ranging from long-term stays in orbital M.A (Tourism) National facilities to short-term orbital or suborbital flights, and even parabolic flights in an aircraft exposing Eligibility Test (Net) Qualified. passengers to short periods of weightlessness. Flights into outer space by private individuals are Srinagar (J&K) India 190023 finding increased attention in the public. While there are not yet chartered flights, occasional orbital flights with "space tourists" have taken place. So far, seven "space tourists" have been taken to the International Space Station ("ISS"), all of whom were charged large sums of money for the experience. In this paper an attempt has been made by me to give the well understandable definition of Space Tourism. The concept of space and space station is also touched in a very well in a very well detail in this paper and also the details of first space station is given in this paper. I have also touched the history and development of Space Tourism in this research paper. Advantages and disadvantages of the Space Tourism are also discussed in this paper. Further I have also make an attempt to discuss the effect of space travel on humans and the development and future of Space Tourism is also discussed. -
Forging Commercial Confidence
SPACEPORT UK: AHEAD FORGING WITH COMMERCIAL CONFIDENCE Copyright © Satellite Applications Catapult Ltd 2014. SPACEPORT UK: FORGING AHEAD WITH COMMERCIAL CONFIDENCE TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 07 2 DEMAND FORECAST 11 • Commercial human spaceflight • Very high speed point to point travel • Satellite deployment • Microgravity research • Other commercial demand 3 SPACEPORT FACILITIES 47 • Core infrastructure required • Spaceflight preparation and training • Tours/visitor centre • Space campus • Key findings 4 WIDER ECONOMIC IMPACT 57 • Summary • Site development • Employment • Tourism • R&D/education • Key findings 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT 67 • Unlocking commercial potential 6 RISKS 73 • Accidents • Single operator • Local opposition 7 FINANCING 77 • Existing scenario • Potential funding sources • Other sources of funds • Insurance • Key findings Appendices 85 • Appendix A • Appendix B Acknowledgements and contact information 89 5 Spaceport UK: A pillar of growth for the UK and European space industry, enabling lower cost access to space, and creating economic benefit far beyond its perimeter fence. A spaceport will unlock economic growth and jobs in existing UK industries and regions, while positioning the UK to take advantage of emerging demand for commercial human spaceflight, small satellite launch, microgravity research, parabolic flights, near-space balloon tourism, and eventually high-speed point-to-point travel. Without a specific site selected and looking at the economic impact of a spaceport generically, this report expects the spaceport to deliver approximately £2.5bn and 8,000 jobs to the broader UK economy over 10 years. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 Executive Summary Our plan is for Britain to have a fully functional, operating spaceport “by 2018. This would serve as a European focal point for the pioneers of commercial spaceflight using the potential of spaceflight experience companies like Virgin Galactic, XCOR and Swiss S3 to pave the way for satellite launch services to follow. -
Journal of Space Law Volume 41 Number 2 2017
Journal of Space Law Volume 41 Number 2 2017 In Memoriam: George S. Robinson Articles The Non Kármán Line: An Urban Legend of the Space Age .............................Thomas Gangale Incentives for Keeping Space Clean: Orbital Debris and Mitigation Waivers.....................................................................Stephen J. Garber The Intersection of U.S Space Policy Goals and National Security Needs: An Argument for a Regulatory Regime Oversight Commission That Balances Space Related Policy Interests....................................................................................Rebekah Rounds Student Article Stakeout from Space: Fourth Amendment Concerns Resulting from the Onset of Satellite Video.............................................Blake Knight Translation 1865 International Telegraph Convention with Translator’s Introduction...........Harrison Parker Bibliography Space Law Bibliography...........................................................................................Kyle Hansen 51 to 315 41 2 1 7 Vol. , No. Journal of Space Law Pages 201 JOURNAL OF SPACE LAW VOLUME 41, NUMBER 2 2017 JOURNAL OF SPACE LAW UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI SCHOOL OF LAW A JOURNAL DEVOTED TO SPACE LAW AND THE LEGAL PROBLEMS ARISING OUT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES IN OUTER SPACE. VOLUME 41 2017 NUMBER 2 Editor-in-Chief P.J. Blount, J.D., LL.M., Ph.D. Executive Editor Andrea Harrington, J.D., LL.M., D.C.L. Senior Student Editors Student Editors Nathaniel Celeski Alexis Danielle Banks Haley Grantham Sammy Brown Kyle Hansen Brittney Eakins Blake -
Space Weather Impacts and Needs for Future Commercial Space
Space Weather Impacts Federal Aviation Administration and Needs for Future Commercial Space Operations Karen Shelton-Mur FAA/Office of Commercial Space Transportation (AST) Space Transportation Development Division Space Weather Workshop (SWW), April 24-27, 2012 Agenda •FAA/AST’s Background and Authority •Commercial Space Transportation (CST) Activity •Emerging Science Payload Market •SWx Considerations for CST Operations •How to Prepare for Future Commercial Spaceflight •FAA/AST Space Weather Initiatives •Conclusion 1 Karen Shelton-Mur Federal Aviation SWW, April 24, 2012 Administration 1 Background • The U.S. space program today has 3 sectors: – Civil – Military – Commercial • The commercial sector was created in 1984 with the passage of the Commercial Space Launch Act; and • Regulatory oversight for the commercial sector was delegated to the Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation (AST). • Today, AST makes up one of the three lines of business within the FAA. Karen Shelton-Mur Federal Aviation SWW, April 24, 2012 Administration 2 DOT Authority: Title 51 U.S. Code Subtitle V, Ch. 509 • Protect the public, property, and the national security and foreign policy interests of the U.S • Oversee and coordinate commercial launch and reentry operations including those with crew and space flight participants. • Issue permits and licenses and transfer licenses authorizing those operations. • Promote economic growth and entrepreneurial activity through the use of the space environment for peaceful purposes. • Encourage the -
State of the Space Industrial Base 2020 Report
STATE OF THE SPACE INDUSTRIAL BASE 2020 A Time for Action to Sustain US Economic & Military Leadership in Space Summary Report by: Brigadier General Steven J. Butow, Defense Innovation Unit Dr. Thomas Cooley, Air Force Research Laboratory Colonel Eric Felt, Air Force Research Laboratory Dr. Joel B. Mozer, United States Space Force July 2020 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. DISCLAIMER The views expressed in this report reflect those of the workshop attendees, and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the US government, the Department of Defense, the US Air Force, or the US Space Force. Use of NASA photos in this report does not state or imply the endorsement by NASA or by any NASA employee of a commercial product, service, or activity. USSF-DIU-AFRL | July 2020 i ABOUT THE AUTHORS Brigadier General Steven J. Butow, USAF Colonel Eric Felt, USAF Brig. Gen. Butow is the Director of the Space Portfolio at Col. Felt is the Director of the Air Force Research the Defense Innovation Unit. Laboratory’s Space Vehicles Directorate. Dr. Thomas Cooley Dr. Joel B. Mozer Dr. Cooley is the Chief Scientist of the Air Force Research Dr. Mozer is the Chief Scientist at the US Space Force. Laboratory’s Space Vehicles Directorate. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FROM THE EDITORS Dr. David A. Hardy & Peter Garretson The authors wish to express their deep gratitude and appreciation to New Space New Mexico for hosting the State of the Space Industrial Base 2020 Virtual Solutions Workshop; and to all the attendees, especially those from the commercial space sector, who spent valuable time under COVID-19 shelter-in-place restrictions contributing their observations and insights to each of the six working groups. -
Apollo /3 I5 an Exciting Movie-And a True Story! It I5 Monday
Apollo /3 i5 an exciting movie-and a true story! It i5 Monday. April 13, 1970 and Apollo 13 is flying ta the Moon. Suddenly, something goes wrong. The ship is losing power and oxygen. Will theastronauts walk on the Moonl Will they get home againl Pengllin Reoders ore simPlified texts w/lich provide a Hep-by-s1ep opproQch to ,t/Je jays or rcading (or Series ',Editors: Andy Hopkins and Jocelyn Patter ---'-'-~--" --._-_. 2'00 headwords "300 headwords Beginner l (''II' pl :t (.00 ,h":ldw;,nl< C/COll'fltl1ry Level 3 1200 headwords Pre-Intermediate Level 4 1700 headwords Intermedlate Level 5 2300 headwords Upper-Intermediate Level 6 3000 headwords Advanced Contemporary American English Number ofwords (exduding act/vities): 8,119 Caver art copyright © 2000 Universal H~S ~ON PAll'ON s!i\me HA'liRIS "HauItDn.. __ I~blwn." Studios Publisning Rights, a division of Universal Studios Licen~ng, lnc. Ali rignts reserved. APÔLL~)13 Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate, Harlow, Essex CM20 2JE, England andAssociatod Companies throughout the world. ISBN: 978-1-4058-8156-2 Apollo .13 Fir.t published in the UK in 1995 by Sapling, an imprint ofBoxtree Lld. London. Fint published in tbe USA in 1995 by Grosset & Dunl'p,IIle., a member oITbe Putnam & Grosset Group. NewYork. Fint publi,hed by Penguin Hooks Lld 2001 This edition published 2008 Adapted from the junior 9 10 8 novelization by. Copyright C 1999 by Uni""mù StUdios Publishing Rights, a division ofUnivenal Studios Uceming, Ine. DINA ANASTASIO· All rights reserved Based on the motion picture screenplay The moral rights of the .uthOts have been a"orted written by 1)rpeset by Graphicraft Ltd, Hong K011g WILLIAM BROYLES,JR. -
FAA Commercial Space Astronaut Wings Program
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ORDER FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION 8800.2 National Policy Effective date: 07/20/2021 SUBJ: FAA Commercial Space Astronaut Wings Program 1. Purpose of This Order. This Order provides guidelines, eligibility, and criteria for the administration of the FAA Commercial Space Astronaut Wings Program. 2. Audience. Commercial crew that satisfy eligibility requirements cited in chapter 2 of this Order and the office of Commercial Space Transportation (AST) personnel responsible for administering the program. 3. Where Can I Find This Order. You can find this order on the FAA website at http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/orders_notices. 4. Background. The Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984, as amended and re-codified at 51 U.S.C. 50901 - 50923 (the Act), authorizes the Department of Transportation (DOT) and, through delegations, the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Office of Commercial Space Transportation (AST), to oversee, authorize, and regulate both launches and reentries of commercial space vehicles, and the operation of launch and reentry sites when carried out by a U.S. citizen or entity within the United States. The Act also directs the FAA to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries by the private sector, including those involving spaceflight participants. 5. Eligibility Requirements. To be eligible for FAA Commercial Space Astronaut Wings, commercial launch crewmembers must meet the following criteria: a. Meet the requirements for flight crew qualifications and training under Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 460. b. Demonstrated flight beyond 50 statute miles above the surface of the Earth as flight crew on an FAA/AST licensed or permitted launch or reentry vehicle. -
Walking the High Ground: the Manned Orbiting Laboratory And
Walking the High Ground: The Manned Orbiting Laboratory and the Age of the Air Force Astronauts by Will Holsclaw Department of History Defense Date: April 9, 2018 Thesis Advisor: Andrew DeRoche, Department of History Thesis Committee: Matthew Gerber, Department of History Allison Anderson, Department of Aerospace Engineering 2 i Abstract This thesis is an examination of the U.S. Air Force’s cancelled – and heretofore substantially classified – Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) space program of the 1960s, situating it in the broader context of military and civilian space policy from the dawn of the Space Age in the 1950s to the aftermath of the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster. Several hundred documents related to the MOL have recently been declassified by the National Reconnaissance Office, and these permit historians a better understanding of the origins of the program and its impact. By studying this new windfall of primary source material and linking it with more familiar and visible episodes of space history, this thesis aims to reevaluate not only the MOL program itself but the dynamic relationship between America’s purportedly bifurcated civilian and military space programs. Many actors in Cold War space policy, some well-known and some less well- known, participated in the secretive program and used it as a tool for intertwining the interests of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) with the Air Force and reshaping national space policy. Their actions would lead, for a time, to an unprecedented militarization of NASA by the Department of Defense which would prove to be to the benefit of neither party. -
Outpost: an In-Orbit Commercial Space Station Habitat Development Enabling Cost-Effective and Sustainable U.S
Outpost: An In-Orbit Commercial Space Station Habitat Development Enabling Cost-Effective and Sustainable U.S. Presence in Low-Earth Orbit January 14, 2019 A Study for the Commercialization of Low Earth Orbit Contract Number 80JSC018C0024 NanoRacks, LLC Principal Investigator: 555 Forge River Road, Suite 120 Mr. Adrian Mangiuca Webster, Texas 77598 Email address: [email protected] Telephone: 248-495-7939 Outpost: An In-Orbit Commercial Space Station Habitat Development Table of Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..............................................................................1 2 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................10 2.1 History.................................................................................................................................. 10 2.2 Reasons for Study ................................................................................................................ 10 2.3 Scope of Study ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.4 List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 12 3 METHODOLOGY .........................................................................................16 3.1 Summary of Technical Concept........................................................................................... 16 3.2 Involvement of Commercial Partners ................................................................................. -
A New Era in Space THOM BAUR/REUTERS
VOLUME 18 ISSUE 4 An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program A New Era in Space THOM BAUR/REUTERS ■ Post Reprint: “Five Myths About Space” ■ Post Opinion Reprint: “This is exactly the wrong time to retreat from space” ■ Post Opinion Reprint: “The mission to Mars is one stupid leap for mankind” ■ Student Activity: PRO-CON A Difference of Opinion ■ e-Replica: Explore e-Replica | Search and Monitor ■ Post Reprint: “Virgin Galactic craft crosses threshold of space” January 14, 2019 ©2019 THE WASHINGTON POST VOLUME 18 ISSUE 5 An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program Most agree that NASA should remain a viable U.S. agency. In October 1958 when it was established it “was built on the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and other government organizations as the locus of U.S. civil aerospace research and development.” Project Mercury, an effort to learn if humans could survive in space was its first major program. Different Perspectives What now? Does NASA focus on the moon with a new Gateway or resumption of landings and lunar exploration? Does NASA continue to gather data on Mars and ready spacecraft for both unmanned and manned landings? Should it continue with space exploration like those accomplished by the Hubble telescope and New Horizons? In what ways will mankind and the blue planet benefit from the space explorations? Read and ponder the points of view. Debate and discuss. Which for you is the most fascinating and acceptable of the different perspectives? 2 January 14, 2019 ©2019 THE WASHINGTON POST VOLUME 18 ISSUE 5 An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program Myths About Space ● Originally Published on Dec.