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Swindon Principal Urban Area Study (September 2003)

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Swindon Principal Urban Area Study (September 2003) APPENDIX 3 Swindon Principal Urban Area Study (September 2003) Page 0 Contents Description Page No 1. Introduction 3 2. Regional Planning Guidance 4 3. Planning for the Future 7 4. Principal Urban Area Study 15 5. Urban Capacity/Urban Potential 17 Definition 17 Urban Capacity to 2016 17 Urban Potential 21 6. Urban Extension Study 26 Definition of Study Area 26 Phase 1 Assessment Methodology 26 Phase 2 Assessment Methodology 29 Identification of Assessment Areas 29 Sustainable Development Principles 29 Mapping Constraints and Facilities 32 Accessibility Assessments 32 Access to Community Facilities 32 Access to Employment 33 Assessment of Employment Accessibility 35 Environmental Assessment of Development Areas 36 Environmental Appraisal 37 Rural Buffer Assessment 44 Transport Assessment 46 Infrastructure and Community Facilities 50 7. Public Consultation 53 8. Overall Assessment Methodology 58 9. Employment Accessibility Results 60 10. Transport Assessment Results 67 11. Landscape Assessment Results 75 12. Environmental Features Assessment Results 79 13. Rural Buffers Assessment 91 14. Utility & Community Services Assessment Results 95 15. Access to Community Facilities Assessment Results 104 16. Aerial Photograph Biodiversity Survey Results 116 17. Overall Assessment Results 119 18. Conclusion 126 Appendices (1-16) 133 Glossary 159 Maps (1-18) 160 Page 1 Appendices 1 27 Quality of Life Principles 2 Areas & Dwellings in the Principal Urban Area (Excluding Southern Development Area) 3 Urban Potential Study: Summary for Neighbourhood Areas 4 Phase 1 Potential Development Cells 5 10 Sustainability / Quality of Life Principles 6 Phase 1 Overall Ranking 7 Results of Phase 1 Assessment 8 Phase 1 Results (Addition of “Wroughton Area) Taken Forward to Phase 2 9 18 Sustainability Principles 10 Adopted Wiltshire Structure Plan 2011 – Objectives 11 28 Quality of Life Principles 12 Sustainable Development Indicators 13 Matrix Assessment 14 Bandings of Environmental Features 15 Wiltshire & Swindon Structure Plan 2016 – Pre-Deposit Consultation Document 16 Pre-Deposit Consultation Responses Summary (Selected) Maps 1. Education Facilities 2. Health Facilities 3. Leisure Facilities 4. Community Facilities 5. Access to Employment 6. Indicative Rural Buffers 7. Transport Network 8. Environmental Features – Kingsdown & Blunsdon 9. Environmental Features – South Marston 10. Environmental Features – Eastern 11. Environmental Features – Coate 12. Environmental Features – Wroughton 13. Environmental Features – Wootton Bassett 14. Environmental Features – Purton & The Lydiards 15. Environmental Features – River Ray 16. Utilities 17. Bus Gateways 18. Principal Urban Area Boundary & Strategic Development Proposals Page 2 1. Introduction 1.1 The Wiltshire Structure Plan 2011, covering the period 1991 to 2011, was adopted in January 2001. This element of the Development Plan focuses on strategic policies covering the whole of Wiltshire County and Swindon Borough. Examples of its strategic nature include policies concerning the distribution of housing requirements throughout each District and Swindon Borough (DP4), as well as a specific policy identifying the direction of future growth at Swindon, the Southern Development Area (DP10). 1.2 However, since adoption of the Wiltshire Structure Plan 2011 in January 2001, Regional Planning Guidance for the South West has been published (September 2001) covering the period up to 2016. Key aspects of this guidance are the identification of housing requirements for Wiltshire County and the Borough, as well as a spatial approach to the location of future development, the larger settlements accommodating higher levels of development. Consequently, the Joint Strategic Planning Authorities (Wiltshire County Council and Swindon Borough Council) consider it prudent to undertake an alteration of the adopted Structure Plan; thereby ensuring an up-to-date plan led system is in place that reflects these issues. This will provide the strategic context for plans to be prepared in Wiltshire and Swindon at the local level to guide development to 2016. 1.3 A key part of Regional Planning Guidance is the identification of 11 Principal Urban Areas across the region, these settlements considered to be the most sustainable locations to accommodate the greatest concentration of future development, thereby maximising the efficient use of existing facilities, services and infrastructure provision. Swindon is the only Principal Urban Area in Wiltshire. Regional Planning Guidance also refers to Principal Urban Area studies being undertaken (RPG10, policy SS5) to ascertain the most sustainable direction(s) for future development. 1.4 The Swindon Principal Urban Area study is the result of extensive consultation, based around the principles of sustainability stemming from Government guidance and best practice. It takes into consideration a multitude of factors that could influence the location(s) of future development, for example, environmental and transport, concluding which location(s) can bring the greatest number of benefits to future development. The study takes a holistic view of Swindon encompassing its broader functional area, not just areas within the Borough’s administrative boundary. This is an essential consideration as those settlements adjoining Swindon do, and will, influence the way in Swindon functions both now, and in the future. 1.5 This report will explain why such a study is important, how the areas being assessed have been defined, the methodology used to assess each area, finally concluding with the preferred choice(s), as well as justification for such choice(s). Such a course of action will provide certainty for all parties interested in the future development of Wiltshire and Swindon. Page 3 2. Regional Planning Guidance 2.1 Regional Planning Guidance for the South West 2016 (RPG10), published in September 2001, seeks to: “Promote a sustainable development pattern and set out a sequential approach to the location of development” (RPG10, policy VIS1). To achieve this shift in policy towards a sequential, spatial planning approach, a hierarchical settlement pattern to accommodate development is proposed for Wiltshire. This will concentrate growth at Principal Urban Areas (PUAs) whilst also recognising that other towns and key villages can have a role in contributing to the overall hierarchy of development distribution, albeit at a much more local level. 2.2 Regional Planning Guidance (RPG10, policies SS5 & SS11) identifies Swindon as a Principal Urban Area (PUA) the only Principal Urban Area in Wiltshire, where it is envisaged that the majority of additional growth for Wiltshire will occur: “Swindon is a major growth centre for inward investment and locally generated expansion. It has successfully developed its role as a major economic and service centre well served by main transport routes and envisages that this role will continue to significantly expand.” (RPG10, paragraph 3.29) 2.3 Principal Urban Areas are considered to offer the greatest potential to accommodate growth in the most sustainable form, primarily due to their inherent critical mass. Being the largest settlements the infrastructure provision and range of services and facilities offered are considered to be the most extensive. They have the greatest concentration of public transport infrastructure, retail opportunities, as well as leisure, education and social services provision. Principal Urban Areas offer the greatest opportunity to reduce the need to travel, yet still provide an appropriate range of housing and employment provision necessary to maintain a buoyant economy. 2.4 To ensure that a sequential development strategy focused on a Principal Urban Area is sustainable, there are two important components that should be addressed: a) Firstly, an “inward looking” assessment to identify the contribution that can be made by accommodating additional development on previously developed land (brownfield sites), in preference to developing greenfield sites, is essential. The promotion of urban renaissance through the reuse of underused land, brownfield sites, vacant land and increasing residential densities is a key component of national planning guidance. It is considered critical in environmental, economic and social terms to regenerate urban areas whilst also minimising the quantity of greenfield land required for development. Urban capacity/potential studies are critical to identify this contribution. For the Swindon Principal Urban Area study the base document is the Urban Capacity undertaken for the Swindon Borough Local Plan 2011 Second Deposit Draft (April 2002). Page 4 The New Swindon Company, an urban regeneration company for Swindon, has been established to secure urban renaissance for Swindon. Ensuring that its aims and objectives are not adversely affected is a key part of the Swindon Principal Urban Area study. It is also essential that the amenities of existing and future residents, along with the requirements of businesses are not compromised. For example, access to open space; education and transport infrastructure should not suffer in order to protect greenfield sites from development. It is a question of striking a balance to protect finite resources, retain everybody’s quality of lifestyle, and yet accommodate growth. This accords with policies VIS1 “Expressing the Vision” and VIS2 “Principles for Future Development”, RPG10. b) Secondly, for those growth areas where additional development cannot be accommodated within the
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