medicine WINTER 2007

A home where the future lies A new building and a new curriculum emerge to become a national model for training physicians Many thanks to alumni and friends for their generous support of the School of Medicine Building ThanksThanks 6 16 20

ThanksThanks contents Executive Editor Dean’s Message 2 Thanks Karon Schindler In Brief 3 Thanks Editor Pam Auchmutey The Charles and Peggy Evans Estate Thomas J. Lawley, MD, Dean Art Director a home where the future lies 6 Peta Westmaas A new building and a new curriculum merge as a national model for training Emory physicians. John E. Skandalakis, MD, PhD, FACS, 1962G Margaret W. and Herbert L. DuPont, MD, 1965M Photographers By Sylvia Wrobel Jack Kearse The Emory Department of Radiation Oncology Class of 1945 Jon Rou Thanks Production Manager The Promise of Progesterone 16 The Rich Foundation The Hackerman Foundation Editorial Assistant Emergency medicine physicians find a safe and inexpensive Billy R. Jones Carol Pinto treatment for traumatic brain injury. Anne E.H. Gaston, MD, 1955M, 1960MR By Robin Tricoles and In honor of Associate Vice President David Roberts, MD Health Sciences Communications J. Harper Gaston, 1952C, 1955M, 1961MR Jeffrey Molter saga in the making 20 John S. Inman Jr., MD, 1942C, 1945M, 1952MR Please send address changes, Emory’s alliance with a genetic powerhouse in Iceland shakes out UPS and letters to the editor to: In honor of Willa B. Inman the causes of restless legs syndrome and other diseases. David Roberts, MD John S. Inman III, MD, 1979C, 1983M, 1987MR Editor, Emory Medicine By Valerie Gregg School of Medicine Rebecca and Sidney H. Yarbrough III, MD John A. Rush Jr., MD, 1953C, 1957M, 1958MR 1440 Clifton Road, NE, Suite 105 Why teens make bad decisions 24 In honor of , GA 30322 Gregory Berns examines James Dean Delamar, MD, 1902M Rose-Helen and Goodwin M. Breinin, MD, 1940G, 1943M Phone: 404-712-9265 the brain’s reward system to find out. Sidney H. Yarbrough Jr., DDS, 1931D E-mail: [email protected] E-mail for class notes: By Martha Nolan McKenzie Sidney H. Yarbrough III, MD, 1959C, 1963M Jimmy Gilbert Harris, MD, 1971MR, 1974MR, 1976MR [email protected] Rebecca K. Yarbrough gifts and Support 26 Robert K. Yarbrough, MD, 2000M Read the magazine online at www.whsc.emory.edu/mzine_ emory_medicine.cfm class notes 30

For information about ways to support the School of Medicine Building, contact Phil Hills, Emory Medicine is published by the School of Medicine, a component of the Woodruff vice president for development, [email protected], or , senior associate vice Health Sciences Center of Emory University. Articles may be reprinted in full or in part if Maggi McKay source is acknowledged. Persons not on the mailing list can order a one-year subscription president for development, [email protected], 404-727-5711. by sending a check for $20 (made out to Emory University) to the editor. ©Fall 2007. Emory psychiatrist Gregory Berns 2 EMORY MEDICINE

CONTENTS Dean’s Message In Brief New leadership in the health sciences Bookshelf

Wow! We finally did it! Nearly 100 years after Atlanta Medical College red Sanfilippo, MD, PhD, took the helm of the Physicians Mark Silverman became part of Emory, the School of Medicine has a permanent home for students, health sciences at Emory on October 1 as execu- and Bruce Fye collaborated faculty, and alumni. I love everything about our new building. It is a beautiful and tive vice president for health affairs, CEO of the on J. Willis Hurst: His Life and WoodruffF Health Sciences Center, and chairman of Emory inviting place where the past and the future reside together in traditional and wi-fi Teachings. In addition to the life Healthcare. He succeeds Michael Johns, who became uni- story of the famed Emory cardi- style. It is a visible sign—locally and nationally—that we have never been more versity chancellor this fall. ologist and teacher, they include committed to medical education nor more determined Sanfilippo comes to Emory from Ohio State University, selected essays by and about The curriculum to be a model for training the very best physicians. where he was senior vice president and executive dean for health sciences and CEO of the medical center. He Hurst and a one-hour interview emphasizes active The building is an architectural gem. A new central also served as dean of the College of Medicine and on DVD. (Foundation for learning to cre- wing connects the anatomy and physiology buildings, Public Health from 2000 to 2006. A specialist in Advances in Medicine ate physicians who which first opened in 1917. Almost four times the size transplant immunology, he began his medi- and Science, 2007) cal career in 1979 at Duke, where he taught embrace healing and of the historic buildings, the enlarged complex allows us pathology, immunology, and experimental to grow our student body and make our newly minted discovery in new and surgery. In 1993, he joined Johns Hopkins curriculum come to life. Fred Sanfilippo, MD, PhD different ways to University School of Medicine, serving as Baxley Several years in the making, the curriculum empha- Professor of Pathology, pathologist-in-chief of Johns address the complex sizes active learning to create physicians who embrace Hopkins Hospital, and chair of pathology in the medical school. Last year, Sanfilippo was a keynote speaker at Emory’s predictive health symposium. He issues surrounding healing and discovery in new and different ways to helped launch a similar program at Ohio State. In Chasing Life, Sanjay Gupta, patients, families, address the complex issues surrounding patients, “Fred Sanfilippo will be a driving force as he continues the momentum of the health Emory neurosurgeon and CNN and communities. families, and communities. Instead of focusing on large sciences at Emory,” says Johns. “In coming to Emory and the Woodruff Health Sciences medical correspondent, Center, he is joining the academic center with the greatest potential in the nation.” classroom lectures, the new curriculum places greater offers stories, research, emphasis on small-group learning and interaction between students and their faculty and advice on how mentors who grow and learn together during all four years of medical school. Students to halt the aging learn the fundamentals of science within clinical settings and are immersed in clini- What about Grady? process. (Warner cal experiences from the very beginning. They also benefit from experiential learning Wellness, through high-tech simulation labs, realistic patient exam rooms, a dissection facility What will happen to 2007) equipped with computers for instant access to information and imaging, and much Grady Hospital? That question weighs heavily more. on the minds of Emory and Given the rigors of medical education, we hope our students will feel at home in the Morehouse medical faculty, new building, which is open to them 24/7. As they study late into the night, they just students, residents, alumni, and might hear the voices of students past who once serenaded the entering class from the a host of Atlanta community leaders, patients, and citizens steps of the physiology building. The time has come to raise our voices again, as we concerned about Grady’s future. Down Town, a novel by Ferrol celebrate and define the future of medicine. The hospital is expected to Sams, 45M, begins after the lose $55 million in 2007, a short- Civil War. The book’s characters fall that could force Grady to Sincerely, provide a new perspective on close its doors before the end of the year. As of early November, the events that have shaped the the Grady Health System owed a cumulative total of more than $60 million to Emory and nation since 1865, Morehouse for physician services. laced with Sams’ Thomas J. Lawley, MD Leaders from Emory, Morehouse, and the Atlanta community are working hard to characteristic keep that from happening. Supporters have stressed Grady’s importance as a Level I humor. (Mercer Dean trauma center, a health care provider for low-income patients, and a teaching hospital. University “We want to help find the way for Grady to survive and flourish,” says Emory medical dean Thomas Lawley. Press, Efforts to put Grady on firm financial footing are unfolding daily. For news coverage and 2007) updates from Emory, visit www.whsc.emory.edu.

4 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 5 CONTENTS In Brief Top dollars in scientific discovery supersized number crunching

Researchers working on new Surveillance. The contract Emory has supersized its computing ability, techniques may some day provide more detailed vaccines and therapies for was one of six awarded last making it one of the world’s 500 most pow- views of breast tissue than previously available. influenza and AIDS, innova- year by the National Institute erful computing sites. Its high-performance As Karellas notes, clinicians need accurate knowl- tive strategies for treating of Allergy and Infectious computer cluster allows edge of how much radiation the breasts and other type 1 diabetes, molecular Diseases (NIAID). researchers to conduct sim- areas of the body receive during imaging procedures. triggers of head and neck The National Cancer This information helps determine the appropriate cancer, genetic variations Institute awarded a $12.5 ulations deemed too costly in schizophrenia, and bet- million Specialized Program or impractical using conven- imaging procedure for each patient. With proper ter ways to diagnose and of Research Excellence tional laboratory methods. management of radiation dosage through accurate treat Alzheimer’s disease are grant in head and neck For Andrew Karellas dosimetric information and good communication among the Emory scientists cancer to Emory’s Winship of the Winship Cancer between medical physicists and physicians, the radia- who last year earned a record Cancer Institute. The first of Institute, the new cluster tion dose and risks to patients can be minimized. $383.9 million in research its kind awarded in , provides unprecedented Previously, some of the simulations that Karellas

funding. That’s more than any Photo courtesy of CDC the grant will help bring research opportunities in wanted to undertake would have taken months and other university in Georgia. laboratory findings to the Researchers working on new flu and AIDS vaccines are among early detection of breast even years of computation time. Now those compu- Of that total, research- the Emory scientists who last year earned the most research bedside more quickly. tations will take no more than a few days. ers in the Woodruff Health funding of any Georgia university. Medical researchers at cancer through the use of Sciences Center—including Yerkes received a $10 mil- new imaging techniques. The new computer cluster also enables Andrew those in the School of Medicine—received nearly $358.7 mil- lion grant from the National Institute on Aging to compare the Karellas, a Georgia Jenkins to improve patient safety and treatment by lion, or more than 93% of the university total. Additionally, 72% aging changes that occur in humans with those in nonhuman Cancer Coalition creating more effective general anesthetics. of the university’s annual awards came from federal funding primates. The researchers will examine changes related to Distinguished Scholar, and “We do not yet really understand how anesthet- sources. Funding from the NIH made up approximately 62% of normal aging as well as those related to mild cognitive impair- radiologist Ioannis Sechopoulos are exploring the ics work at the molecular level,” says Jenkins. “The annual awards to Emory and about 86% of total federal funding. ment or Alzheimer’s disease. The study is the first anywhere level of radiation that patients receive from two only way we can efficiently simulate the anesthet- “In an era in which funding from the NIH has been essen- to examine chimpanzee cognition in correlation with other new types of breast imaging techniques—digi- ics’ effect on the central nervous system is by using tially flat each year, or has even decreased relative to infla- aspects of aging. tal tomosynthesis and computed tomography. brute-force computational methods, which the new tion, this is an extraordinary achievement for our investiga- Other major awards last year include a $7 million grant Although not yet commercially available, these cluster allows us to do.” tors,” says Emory President James Wagner. from NIAID to the Emory HIV/AIDS Clinical Trial Unit, which In the School of Medicine alone, NIH funding increased was designated as a primary site nationally in both the AIDS by 9% and exceeded $200 Clinical Trials Group and the HIV Vaccine Trials Network. Both “In an era in which million in grants and con- are among the nation’s premier NIH-funded clinical trials net- tracts. The school ranked works for HIV treatment and vaccine prevention. funding from the NIH 18th in 2007 among all medi- Not included in Emory’s 2007 research total is a new Prepared for anything has been essentially flat cal schools in the country $31 million NIH grant to establish the Atlanta Clinical and in total NIH research grants Translational Science Institute (ACTSI). Led by Emory along There’s no such thing as being overly prepared when each year, or has even awarded. In 1996, the school with Morehouse School of Medicine, Georgia Tech, and it comes to a disaster. In light of concerns regarding a decreased relative to infla- ranked 31st with $55 mil- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, the institute will speed up the possible flu epidemic and the recent tragedy at Virginia Tech, lion. Since then, the medical translation of laboratory discoveries into patient care innova- tion, this is an extraor- Emory has formed an Office of Critical Event Preparedness school has grown in NIH tions and help reduce health disparities. ACTSI will engage dinary achievement for funding at the second-fastest both academic and community physicians, supported by one and Response (CEPAR). Emergency medicine physician Alexander Isakov, who has extensive experience in emergen- our investigators.”—Emory rate in the nation. of the largest NIH grants in Georgia history. The number and size Also this fall, Emory was awarded $25.5 million to partici- cy response and disaster medicine, heads that office. President James Wagner of NIH grants also have pate in the National Children’s Study to examine the effects CEPAR’s formation evolved from a recommendation by increased substantially. In of environmental and genetic factors on child and human Emory’s Avian Influenza Task Force, which examined the 1996, five researchers received grants of $1 million or more health. Emory is one of 22 U.S. study centers that will follow ability of the university and Emory Healthcare to respond to totaling $7.1 million. Last year, 65 medical school research- 100,000 children from before birth to age 21. The study will ers received comparable grants totaling $162.8 million. This seek information to prevent and treat major health problems, pandemic flu or other events. However, CEPAR covers a much wider spectrum of possible crises, including natural disas- growth reflects the school’s strategic effort to secure a larger including autism, birth defects, heart disease, diabetes, and ters, catastrophic events, and public health emergencies. In addition to bridging various components of the university, the share of NIH program grants involving multiple investigators. obesity. The School of Medicine, the Rollins School of Public office works with the broader community to improve outcomes during and after an emergency. Notes Isakov, “The result- One example is a $32.8 million contract to establish a Health, Morehouse School of Medicine, and Battelle Memorial ing collaboration and capacity to engage our local, state, and federal partners with one voice affords a new opportunity for National Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Institute are collaborators in the Emory study site. Emory to have regional and global impact in this discipline.”

6 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 7 CONTENTS The School of Medicine Building is designed to maximize students’ medical education experience and encourage interaction with faculty, other students in the health sciences, and each other.

A home where the future lies A new building and a new curriculum emerge to become a national model for training physicians

By Sylvia Wrobel

The School of Medicine is finally home. It now resides in an elegant marble building—the Medical school staff moved into the $58.3 million, first on campus to bear the school’s actual name. As intended, it is filled with life, light, 162,000-square-foot building this summer. Class of 2011 history, and the most high-tech amenities in medical education today. students will be the first to know only this building as home In the eyes of Dean Thomas Lawley, the building is a beacon to students, with every space designed to and the first to complete their medical education within maximize their medical school experience and encourage interaction with faculty, other students in the health the new curriculum the building was designed to accommo- sciences, and each other. The School of Medicine Building is a visible sign, he says, that Emory has never date. The building also made possible an immediate been more committed to medical education nor more determined to be a model for training physicians in 15% increase in class size to help alleviate the U.S. 21st century medicine. physician projected by decade’s end. “The students love it!,” says Dean Thomas Lawley of the School of Medicine Building.

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1 2 The students’ new home is replete with spaces for solo or group study, from cozy spots to spacious lounges, including one with a fireplace.

1. Three auditoriums, seating 160 students each, feature high-definition screens and computer monitors at each podium. One audito- rium has theater-style lighting to enhance presentations with patients and medical scenarios, making them more realistic. 2. The School of Medicine building provides ample space for students to mingle and study, including a giant sofatorium.

“In the past, it was difficult to find American Medical Colleges, agrees. A handful of medi- cal schools with recently built facilities contain some enough small rooms the right size, and of the same resources. That’s no surprise, since Emory you had to bring your own equipment leaders and architects with SLAM Collaborative toured and hope it worked. But now it’s fan- all of these schools and borrowed from the best, as Emory hopes other schools will now do. But, as Kirch Jane Gilmore, assistant professor of tastic!” notes, few if any schools have combined so many inno- vative elements in one beautiful, cohesive, user-friendly space. And none have gone to more lengths to enhance the lives of students. The new curriculum fully integrates basic and clinical sciences. From their first week on campus, students acquire clinical experience and skills through Nomads no more interaction with real and simulated patients and The formal entrance of the building is through an atrium medical scenarios. Half of the large, one-way lectures lined with warm walnut paneling and tall elegant win- have been replaced by more interactive small-group dows that overlook a courtyard facing Emory Hospital. sessions and greater emphasis on becoming lifelong The “grand space” can accommodate an entire medical learners. Mentoring is paramount, built around a class at one time. Marble stairs lead to a dais where “society” system that fosters greater interaction the dean and others can address students gathered on between students and faculty. Each student is assigned the main floor and on an open, second-floor walkway to one of four societies and one of 16 society advis- that links the newly renovated anatomy and physiology ers who guides them through all four years of medical buildings. school. Classrooms are equally ample and well appointed, Faculty members are eager to take advantage of sized to fit the new curriculum, with space-age audio- the new building. “We have been working on the new visual and information technology. Three auditoriums, curriculum for three years,” says Bill Eley, who over- each seating 160, feature high-definition screens that sees medical education and student affairs. “Our first students can see in full daylight. Computer monitors at walks through the building inspired us to create classes each podium record the material the lecturer is showing that fit the new mode.” on the screen, including his or her responses to ques- There is no building like this anywhere, says tions in class, so that students can review the material Lawley. Darrell Kirch, president of the Association of later. In one auditorium, theater-style lighting enhances

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1

2 The way students are educated and treated will affect how they take care of patients and interact with other people throughout 3

1. Bill Eley is one of the key architects of the new medical curriculum, which the building was designed to accommodate. 2. seminar their lives. and small-group rooms combine the old (exposed brick walls in the renovated anatomy and physiology buildings) and the new (the latest technology) to facilitate learning for small groups of students and interaction between students and faculty. 3. Student amenities include a cafÉ, coffee shop, kitchen space with microwaves and refrigerators, and plenty of locker space.

Not just for medical students presentations by patients, real or simulated, and drama- “When students are as good as ours, tizations of medical scenarios. The School of Medicine Building is going to make a difference for everyone in medicine. Gordon Bill Eley, Big is good but small is more exciting for faculty they learn a lot from each other.” Churchward (below), course director for microbiology and immunology, recalls how the Rollins Research like Jane Gilmore, who runs the second-year patho- executive associate dean for medical education and student Center, which opened in 1990, inspired student-faculty interactions in the physiology neurology section. Four seminar rooms are affairs basic sciences. He believes the same thing will happen in the School of designed for up to 40 students, with wireless networks linked to the hospital and other facilities. (These rooms Medicine Building, a communal space where students from multiple disci- also serve as meeting spaces for each of the class soci- control room for IT support. Both labs are hard-wired, plines, residents, fellows, alumni, and other practicing physicians will meet eties.) Eighteen small-group learning rooms, designed to providing an extra layer of capacity in the first com- and interact. “If the building doesn’t do that,” says Dean Thomas Lawley, “we facilitate both active learning and student/faculty/resi- pletely wireless building on campus. will have failed.” dent interaction, hold up to 20 students. “In the past,” For years, Emory medical students referred to them- Thanks to ample classrooms and simulation and anatomy facilities, the Gilmore says, “it was difficult to find enough small selves as “nomads,” always in search of a decent place rooms the right size, and you had to bring your own to study, often settling for empty classrooms or local school expects to markedly expand opportunities for continuing medical edu- equipment and hope it worked. But now it’s fantastic!” coffee shops. Their new home is replete with spaces cation. The building will also be used by Emory clinicians to plan for emer- Two state-of-the-art computer/teaching labs are for solo or group study, from cozy spots to spacious gencies for which providers must be ready at all times. open 24/7, each with space for up to 75 students and a lounges, including one with a fireplace.

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From their first week on campus, students acquire clinical experi- ence and skills through interaction with real and simulated patients and medical scenarios. Half of the large, one-way lectures have 1 2 been replaced by interactive small- 1. The School of Medicine Building is the first wireless facility on campus, enhancing students’ ability to take notes and study via their laptops. 2. a number of patient simulators allows students and physicians to acquire and hone their medical skills in the group sessions and an emphasis on Emory Center for Experiential Learning, directed by doug Ander (second from left). becoming lifelong learners.

“Please don’t call this part of the build- lum are having a positive impact on 2012 applications. ing the simulation center. It doesn’t do More than simulation it justice.” Doug Ander, director of the Emory Center for “Please don’t call this part of the building the simula- Experiential Learning tion center,” says director Doug Ander, in reference to the new Emory Center for Experiential Learning (ExCEL). “It doesn’t do it justice.” Indeed, the building has an Other spaces encourage interaction with faculty unprecedented number of simulators that allows stu- and each other in informal settings. “When students dents and physicians to acquire and hone technical are as good as ours, they learn a lot from each other,” skills. Here they learn basic suturing, resuscitation, intu- says Eley. The building has a café serving simple meals, bation, IV placement, and how to deliver a baby. Patient a coffee shop, kitchen space with microwaves and mannequins respond to various therapeutic measures two refrigerators, eating areas inside and out (one for and mimic physiologic and anatomic parameters, students only), lots of comfortable chairs and couches including heart, lungs, and airway. (including a gigantic sofatorium), and chair-and table- But the secret of being a great doctor, says Ander, groupings throughout. is the ability to use everything you have learned—and A porch over the courtyard inevitably will attract some things you haven’t—in real medical situations sun worshippers every spring. And there are other calling for speed, accuracy, teamwork, and sensitiv- amenities: showers, lockers, indoor parking for bikes, ity to patients and families. That is the overriding goal several LCD monitors that display an ever-changing of ExCEL. Four simulation suites can be rearranged array of announcements and campus activities, even a to create almost any hospital setting—one suite is soundproof music practice room. The only thing miss- fully equipped with operating room lights and medical ing, by design, is television. gases—or almost any medical situation, even large- While students come first, the building also includes scale disasters. headquarters for the dean, five executive associate When the door opens, students are immersed in deans, the chief information officer, and the offices realistic medical experiences. A patient may be resting of development and alumni relations, business and in intensive care when his heart suddenly stops, bring- finance, and graduate medical education. Admissions ing the code team racing to the bedside. Resuscitation space has more than doubled, a welcome change for techniques learned in a calm setting now become prospective students who used to wait for interviews in part of a complex choreography as doctors, nurses, a makeshift area in a hallway. The building and curricu- and other clinical colleagues learn to work together.

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Feedback is critical. Faculty watch from behind one- “The building is everything we wanted way mirrors, while video cameras record the action to show students how they performed. and needed for our students, and it’s Emphasis on learning in a simulated environment going to make a huge difference for continues in the 16 clinical exam rooms, arranged in them, the faculty, and others. That’s pods of four. Here students take histories and conduct Jack physical examinations under the watchful eye of Alan a tremendous accomplishment.” Shulman, senior adviser for curriculum development Otsuki and other faculty standing behind observation windows. The “patients” in these OSCEs (observed standardized clinical examinations) are actors specially trained to represent realistic symptoms and responses laboratories mark a milestone in each student’s journey in scripts illustrating dozens of medical conditions. into medicine. With help from the university chaplain’s Video cameras provide good feedback and so do the office, whose members spend time in the laboratory patient actors: “You had great eye contact,” one actor- throughout the year, Emory’s anatomy program works patient told a student, “but too much cologne.” to make the experience a meaningful one, from the time students “meet” their first cadaver to their final Learning more from the human body of thanksgiving and gratitude. The beauty and design of Anatomy faculty were probably the first to truly under- the new building add to that respect, says Petersen. stand the impact of the new building. They never left. Link to the past As the Anatomy and Physiology buildings were being A place for teaching hollowed out, faculty, students, and cadavers moved According to J. Willis Hurst, one of Emory’s legendary The School of Medicine Building flows seamlessly among three buildings. The airy “grand space” of the new between dissection laboratories set up, torn down, and teachers (and whose grandson is a first-year medical central wing unites mirror wings that retain the structure and soul of the original anatomy and physiology set up again. “Even these temporary laboratories were student), a good building, by itself, does not make good buildings. Constructed soon after the medical school was formed at Emory in 1915, these structures have a big improvement,” says Kyle Petersen, the cell biology doctors. Teaching does. That, says Lawley, is what professor who directs the human anatomy course. The the School of Medicine Building is all about. “The true been renovated and renamed in honor of the late Charles and Peggy Evans. new dissection facilities, he says, are arguably the best strength of the medical school is its faculty. They want- 4 Founding fathers would recognize much in the architectural details of the new facility. The original red anatomy space in any medical school. ed this building, and they helped design it. I’ve never tile roofs and pink marble walls melding with new gray marble. Tall, elegant arched windows. Warm interior Each of the 26 dissection tables is equipped with a seen them more energized.” walls of exposed brick. The winding marble stairway, where new medical students entered the anatomy build- computer for Internet access, magnetic resonance and Perhaps no one wanted the building more than other images, study guides, and lecture notes. Students Jonas “Jack” Shulman, who directed medical education ing on their first day of class almost a century ago, serenaded by upper- note observations and questions on electronic white- and student affairs for nearly two decades and remains classmen on the second floor—a tradition the school plans to resume. boards. Working in groups of six, first-year students the primary adviser on the curriculum and the building. Teaching has always been the jewel of the medical school—and the first use 22 tables. Allied health students use the other four “The building is everything we wanted and needed mission to be set aside when clinical care or research demanded tables, along with faculty and residents learning new for our students,” says Shulman, “and it’s going to make techniques and continuing medical education partici- a huge difference for them, the faculty, and others. more time. No more, proclaims this building. If the ghosts of early faculty pants. The expanded, improved body preparation area The way students are educated and treated will affect members are walking the halls of the School of Medicine Building today, also provides space for the fresh tissue increasingly how they take care of patients and interact with other they surely must feel welcome. The medical school, they would say, has needed for faculty and continuing education studies. people throughout their lives. That’s a tremendous come home. Like the first patient encounter, the dissection accomplishment.”

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The By Robin Tricoles

wenty-two-year-old Marc Baskett doesn’t in many female mammals causes fluctuations in hor- remember the catastrophic car accident that monal levels, including progesterone. “In the young Promise nearly claimed his life three years ago. Nor adult female rat, this cycle is fairly easy to measure,” Tdoes the strapping former high school athlete remember Stein explains, “so we could precisely time the surgery of being flown by helicopter to Grady Memorial Hospital. to the phase of the estrus cycle. Baskett arrived at the hospital’s trauma unit in critical “When the females were brain-injured at the Progesterone condition. He had extensive injuries to his femur and time their progesterone level was high, their behav- For 40 years, neuroscientists ankle and blunt force trauma to his brain. Baskett’s par- ioral outcomes were much better than if the same ents rushed to Grady shortly after learning of the acci- injury occurred when their estrogen levels were high. have sought to develop an effective treatment for traumatic dent, if only to say good-bye. Traumatic brain injuries tend to cause cerebral edema. Fortunately for Baskett, a group of Emory physi- But we noticed a lot less swelling of the brain when pro- cians and researchers was in the midst of conducting gesterone levels were high.” brain injury. Emory researchers may have found a success- ProTECT, a clinical trial to assess the promise of treat- Stein subsequently gave progesterone to male rats ing traumatic brain injury (TBI) with natural proges- to see if there were any benefits. He remembers his col- ful treatment that’s safe, inexpensive, and occurs naturally terone. With his parents’ consent, Baskett was enrolled leagues’ reaction like yesterday. in the study. Thus began his extraordinaryO road to “They thought, ‘Are you nuts? You’re going to give recovery, rooted in research that began in this female hormone to male rats and see what hap- in the brain. Donald Stein’s laboratory some 20 years ago. pens?’ We did give it to males by injection, and lo and Stein, Candler professor of emergency medicine and behold what we found was their brain swelling was a neurobiologist, has dedicated his career to brain reduced to the levels seen in the females. The pro- injury and recovery. He moved his research gesterone virtually eliminated cerebral edema, O lab to Emory more than 10 years ago. and the animals performed better as well.” Just recently, Stein’s work was featured in a front-page story in The Wall More than a sex hormone Street Journal (September 26, 2007). Although widely considered a “sex “This work started when I first steroid” because it was first detected began to see anecdotal, single case in women, progesterone is a true reports that after stroke or TBI, neurosteroid since—unlike estrogen women tended to recover better or testosterone—it is synthesized in than men,” says Stein. “But when the brain itself. Laboratory research- I began to look at this question ers in reproductive physiology have more systematically, it was during long known that progesterone is criti- the women’s equality movement. A lot cal for normal development of neurons of people didn’t want to hear that there and helps protect brain tissue. might be brain differences between the “Progesterone basically does in brain Marc Baskett has made sexes. It wasn’t politically correct.” injury what it does during fetal development,” says remarkable progress fol- Stein tried to replicate others’ clinical observations Stein. “It protects the fetus from all those slings and using brain-injured rats in his laboratory. “I first looked arrows of outrageous fortune that would cause inflam- lowing a car accident that to see whether female rats with brain damage recovered mation, swelling, immune rejection, and fetal death if injured his brain. His parents, better on learning and memory tasks than male rats the progesterone wasn’t there. Jeff and Johanna Baskett, with the same brain injury,” he says. “The female rats “Many people don’t realize that men and women enrolled Marc in a clinical did, but it depended on where they were in their estrus make progesterone in their brains and that men make cycle at the time of the injury.” progesterone in other tissue as well. Men clearly don’t trial to test the effectiveness Like the menstrual cycle in women, the estrus cycle make as much of it as women do.” of progesterone in treating traumatic brain injury. O

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That may be one reason why females tend to thinking, language, learning, emotions, behavior, sensa- out of every five patients enrolled received intravenous recover better under certain conditions of brain injury. tion, and movement. TBI can also increase the risk of progesterone, and one of every five received placebo. “Progesterone,” notes Stein, “is a growth and develop- epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Patients had an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score rang- ment hormone, and when you have a brain injury, the other brain disorders. In the , 5.3 million ing from 4 to 12. A score of 4 to 8 indicates severe TBI process of repair is in many ways similar to the process people live with disabilities resulting from TBI. or coma, whereas a score of 8 to 12 signals a moderate of growth and development.” The CDC and brain injury associations estimate that TBI. Baskett’s score was, alarmingly, a 4. TBI costs the nation $60 billion per year in lost produc- So far, ProTECT has shown that giving progesterone Paging Dr. Wright tivity and medical care. In fact, head injuries are the No. to trauma patients shortly after brain injury appears to Armed with years of data on progesterone’s beneficial 1 cause of death and morbidity in young adult males. reduce their risk of death and degree of disability. “We effects on TBI and recovery, Stein eventually partnered Second to falls, motor vehicle accidents are the leading found encouraging evidence that progesterone is safe with emergency medicine physician David Wright. cause of TBI, as in Marc Baskett’s case. in the setting of TBI, with no evidence of side effects or Having seen the protective effects of the hormone on Thus Baskett became one of the 100 patients enrolled serious harmful events,” says Wright. “We also found a brain-damaged animals, Wright wanted to explore pro- in ProTECT (Progesterone for Traumatic brain injury— significant improvement in the functional outcome and gesterone’s effects on TBI in emergency room patients. Experimental Clinical Treatment)—the first clinical trial level of disability among patients who were enrolled Like others, Wright thought Stein’s research was fas- of its kind in the world. Funded by the National Institute with moderate brain injury.” cinating. “I took a sabbatical and starting working in What’s more, progesterone is inexpensive, widely Don’s lab,” he says. available, and has a long track record of safe use in Wright eventually noticed that lab cultures of neu- “The graveyard is full of neuroprotectants— humans in treating other diseases. rons did not grow or survive unless they contained pro- gesterone. “We knew progesterone had a critical func- as well as patients. That’s why there’s been The road back tion in the brain,” he says. “We just didn’t know how it so much buzz about the progesterone treat- Baskett and his parents and doctors eventually learned worked to provide neuroprotection.” ment. This could be the first successful TBI he was one of the patients who received progesterone. Only since the mid-1960s have physicians and sci- Although Baskett’s doctors credit his athleticism and entists recognized the validity of —the treatment in 40 years.”—David Wright youth with helping him recover from his brain’s ability to recover structurally and functionally injuries, they believe progesterone played after an injury or from a disease. That may explain why a big role. Baskett spent seven weeks in the TBI treatments have been so long in coming. Following “Progesterone basically does in brain injury hospital. Physicians originally thought he a TBI, a sequence of events known as a neurotoxic cas- what it does during fetal development. It would be hospitalized for a year. cade begins. The cascade involves a dramatic increase in protects the fetus from all those slings and Since the accident, Baskett has under- the level of excitatory neurotransmitters that can dam- gone several surgeries, mostly to his legs and age and destroy nerve and support cells in the brain. arrows of outrageous fortune that would feet. He lives on his own and has returned Normally, these chemicals enter the neurons in a cause inflammation, swelling, immune rejec- to work. He rarely notices that he suffered a controlled fashion, enabling nerve cells to communicate tion, and fetal death if the progesterone near-fatal brain injury. Instead, he views the with one another. But after a brain injury, the nerve world differently. “I appreciate my parents wasn’t there.”—Donald Stein cells become hyperexcitable and die or become further more. And I see now that this is such a big injured by inflammatory and oxidizing factors that can world, with so many amazing things to offer.” cause a lot of swelling—even if those cells are not part Baskett hopes to travel to California and of the original injury. istry and morphology. The pharmaceutical industry and eventually enroll in col- “The lesion may have begun as a small contusion, has long tried to develop new synthetic molecules that lege. He’s considering a career as a personal but it can expand significantly and involve a large por- can be controlled and patented and have very specific trainer. He’d also like to spend time talking tion of the brain,” Wright explains. “If we could stop the molecular effects. “Unless you happen to be very lucky with seriously ill children, especially those neurotoxic cascade and the inflammation that occurs, and hit that one molecule that works,” Stein says, “the who must spend time in hospitals. we could probably preserve more function because the treatment fails because a lot of these agents turn out to “I want to tell them never to give up,” original injury probably accounts for 25% of the dys- have very nasty side effects.” he says. “I never stopped fighting. And I’m function, and the cascade the majority of the injury.” “There have been so many failures,” Wright adds. grateful to be alive.” In the past, experimental treatments sought to block “The graveyard is full of neuroprotectants—as well as of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the study aimed the excessive release of neurotransmitters and other patients. That’s why there’s been so much buzz about the to assess the promise, practicality, and safety of using To learn more about the ProTECT study, contact David inflammatory agents. However, this approach has not progesterone treatment. This could be the first success- progesterone to treat TBI. Wright at [email protected]. For information worked well in humans because the compounds that ful TBI treatment in 40 years.” To qualify for the double-blind study, patients had to about Donald Stein’s research, send an email to donald. have been tried cause adverse changes in brain chem- That’s great news, given TBI’s harmful effect on reach the hospital within 11 hours of their injury. Four [email protected]. O20 EMORY MEDICINE OWINTER 2007 21 O CONTENTS

Emory neurologist David Rye was about to leave for vacation when he received a call this past spring. “Remember those guys in Chicago that held you up with the sawed-off shotgun?” said Kari Stefansson, CEO and founder of deCODE genetics, on the other end of the phone. ”If you don’t get your data over here by Tuesday, you’re going to wish they had shot you.”

Rye cut short his vacation, locked himself in his researchers—to assist in starting the Clinical Research office for four days, and put the finishing touches on in Neurology (CRIN) effort, a data repository of clinical the clinical data of Emory patients with restless legs and DNA samples from Emory patients. CRIN now syndrome (RLS). He then jetted to Iceland, headquarters holds nearly 7,000 samples. for deCODE, and worked day and night with Stefansson The relationship now stretches across several to match the patients’ clinical results with their disciplines and has proved fruitful for everyone. This genetic codes. past May, Emory cardiologists Arshed Quyyumi The result was discovery of a common gene and Viola Vaccarino and Levey co-authored a variant responsible for RLS, published this study published in Science with deCODE year in the July 19 online and the August collaborators, most notably Stefansson. 16 print editions of the New England They discovered a gene variant that is Journal of Medicine. perhaps the most significant genetic Although collaborating with risk factor for heart disease. someone often described as a “We provided one-third of the modern-day Viking can sometimes data for this study,” says Vaccarino, be trying, the rewards for Emory David Rye director of the epidemiology core of scientists have been great. Heart the Emory Genebank, a repository disease, Alzheimer’s disease, of blood samples from more than Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic 3,000 Emory cardiac patients. “We lateral sclerosis are all under the genetic have provided them access to genetically microscope for deCODE and Emory diverse population samples. In turn, researchers. deCODE has provided advanced DNA and Emory is one of deCODE’s most important sources biomarker testing of these samples at no cost, which has of clinical expertise in neurology, says Allan Levey, been a huge help to us.” chair of Emory’s neurology department. While at the Saga in the Making University of Chicago as MD/PhD students in the Icelandic origins 1980s, both Rye and Levey trained with Stefansson and Rye’s saga (an Icelandic word meaning “what is said” or By Valerie Gregg deCODE co-founder Jeffrey Gulcher. They went their a “story, tale, or history”) began in 1997 when he first separate ways for a while—Stefansson and Gulcher to traveled to Iceland to consider working on a narcolepsy Harvard and Levey and Rye to Emory—but stayed in study with deCODE, founded just the year before. The close touch. company’s mission: to conduct population-wide genetic Emory’s alliance with a genetic They reconnected in a formal way at Rye’s home linkage studies to uncover genetic factors in common in 2002, when Emory and deCODE signed a formal diseases. strategic alliance. In 2003, Levey and other collaborators “When I first saw the setup, I wasn’t quite sure it powerhouse in Iceland shakes out received a two-year grant of $500,000 from the Robert would pan out, but I was intrigued and interested,” W. Woodruff Health Sciences Fund—a program that he says. “The study was very small and very focused. the causes of restless legs syndrome encourages innovative science among health sciences Narcolepsy is not a disease that affects a lot of people.

and other diseases Information gathered from birth in the Icelandic population is part of a widely respected genetic database leading to new treatments for disease.

2216 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 23 CONTENTS

The study got us started and provided a proof of Emory Researchers Arshed Quyyumi, Viola Vaccarino, and Allan Levey collaborated with principle. In 1999, other researchers discovered the deCODE on a heart disease study published in Nature Genetics. The result was discovery of a cause of narcolepsy, but we were all over it quickly and common genetic variant that dramatically increases the risk of heart attack. published a paper shortly thereafter.” The original concept behind deCODE was to shake disease-related genes out of family trees. “We look for Too many clues on the train most significant genetic risk factors found to date for a cluster of cousins with a certain disease, say restless Ironically, the usefulness of a thousand years of genealogy heart attack. Of more than 17,000 patients and control legs syndrome, and then ask the family to participate,” no longer matters as much in light of powerful new subjects in the study, more than 20% of participants carry explains Rye. “That allows us to concentrate our efforts genomic technology. Most genetic research these days two copies of the variant, conferring a more than 60% on pockets of the disorder where the transmission looks forward, not backward, and is less reliant on familial increase in the risk for heart attack. Those carrying two of an offending gene between generations could be clustering. But because of deCODE, Iceland remains copies of the variant are twice as likely as noncarriers to easily tracked. We then match the genetic data to the the center of the world for sheer capacity of genome suffer a heart attack before age 50. phenotype—hair color, eye color, height, length of life, processing. Academic and government scientists are just The Illumina chips at deCODE were also key to or whatever trait or disease we’re interested in studying.” now starting to catch up in the game of genetic discovery. Rye’s success in tracking down a gene contributing to Iceland is an ideal place to study the intersection In turn, deCODE needs more diverse genetic data. at least 50% of all RLS cases. He developed the clinical of genetics and disease. The country’s fanatic zeal “There are too many clues on this train,” says Rye, diagnostic tools for RLS to use in the study. To verify for genealogy—most people can trace their family quoting the book Murder on the Orient Express. “They RLS diagnoses, Rye made use of a tool that accurately trees back to the year 1,000 A.D.—and deCODE’s have all this wonderful clinical and genetic data and measures the number of times a person’s legs twitch concentration of the most powerful genetic would benefit greatly from more statistical geneticists during the night. This objective measurement backs up Iceland, home of deCode GeneticS fingerprinting equipment in the world have made it and genetic epidemiologists to mine the wealth of the more subjective clinical diagnoses determined by the epicenter for genetic study of disease. About 97% information on hand and to manipulate, interpret, and simply talking with patients. “We wanted our data to be of the Icelandic population that has ever lived is now communicate the data to the world. They also need ever as clean and informative as possible,” says Rye. recorded in the national database, and the deCODE “Our U.S. subject samples confirm, validate, and in larger and more diverse genetic samples.” Graduate student Amanda Freeman and research campus has grown to include a clinical research center some instances add information to what is found in the Because of both new technology and international assistant Joseph “Max” Beck spent a month in a sleep and a biopharmaceutical research center. Translating Icelandic population,” says Rye. “Essentially, we started data samples, results have been coming especially fast lab that Rye set up at deCODE in the winter of 2003, new discoveries in human genetics into new drugs and capturing as much information as possible, including and furious in the past year. Emory most definitely is working through the long, sunless winter days to diagnostic tools is deCODE’s ultimate aim. DNA from patients coming through neurology and on board. validate an accelerometer, an instrument attached to the It took an act of the Icelandic Parliament to resolve cardiology. DeCODE has provided tremendous support In January 2006, Quyyumi, director of the Emory foot to measure the number of movements. “We had to ethical and privacy concerns regarding mapping with the logistics, just because they have a wealth of Genebank, joined with Vaccarino and Levey in validate the of the instrument and then use it to the genome of the entire country, but deCODE was experience, having collected more than 140,000 blood collaborating with deCODE on a study of heart disease verify our clinical diagnoses,” Rye says. successful in the end. samples. The integrity of the process is important to published in Nature Genetics. A new method of analyzing After a patient was diagnosed, nurses interviewed “Icelanders can go online, type in their social making sure the information is reliable and valid all the huge amounts of genetic material yielded the more extended family members to trace familial records security number, and within milliseconds, track their way through the process, both clinically and genetically.” definitive results published most recently inScience . This of RLS. In many cases, these family members were family tree back to the 9th century,” says Rye. “They had DeCODE operates 24/7, crunching more genetic new technology—genome-wide association on Illumina relieved and grateful to have someone recognize their to condense vast amounts of genealogic information data than all the rest of the world combined, and has chips—allows scientists to probe for gene variants in problem and to realize they could receive treatment with into a database. Then came the process of genotyping found genes for 15 disorders thus far. It has perfected more than 300,000 single nucleotides of the genome. medication. That in itself is gratifying to Rye. But finding individuals and matching gene variants in family groups the art of valid information transfer—rendering a The result was discovery of a common genetic variant the RLS gene? to clusters of disease.” clinical diagnosis, taking DNA samples, genetically that dramatically increases the risk of heart attack. “It is just starting to really sink in,” Rye says. The uniformity of the Icelandic population, totaling processing the samples, and ultimately assimilating the The variant, an SNP (a single-letter variant in “I’m amazed. We’ve got a slam-dunk. I never only about 300,000, helps isolate and connect genes with data. “The information technology side is spectacular,” the genome) on chromosome 9p21, was imagined that this is how the story was clusters of disease. Indeed, phone books in Iceland list says Rye. “DeCODE developed its own software from discovered through genome-wide SNP going to end. Yet it is only one chapter people by first names because so many people have the scratch in a high-throughput manner to generate the analysis in Iceland and replicated in of the saga. More questions will arise same last names. Emory and other American population highest-quality information. That’s how they have gotten three cohorts of European descent and even more work will be required samples add power to deCODE’s Icelandic data. to this point.” from Philadelphia, Atlanta, and to translate these findings into Durham, North Carolina. The Arshed Quyyumi and improved patient care.” variant is estimated to account for Viola Vaccarino approximately one in five heart To learn more about Rye’s work with Iceland is an ideal place to study the intersection of genetics and disease. The country’s attacks in people of European deCODE genetics on restless legs syn- fanatic zeal for geneaology and deCODE’s concentration of the most powerful finger- origin, and nearly one in three of drome, view the podcast at www.whsc. printing equipment in the world have made it the epicenter for genetic study of disease. early-onset cases, making it one of the emory.edu/multimedia.cfm.

24 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 25 CONTENTS

Brain researchers are confirming in our brains than during our teens. “It’s no coin- pants are asked to guess the outcome on a roulette cidence that dopamine levels peak at a time in wheel. If they guess correctly, they get a squirt of what parents and auto-insurance human development that coincides with a a juice that they like. Incorrectly, a squirt Why do peak in novelty-seeking, risk-taking, and of a juice they don’t like. Sometimes the adjusters have long known— the drive to leave home,” says Berns. roulette wheel is half black and half red, Dopamine primarily acts on the so chances of a correct guess are even. teenagers tend to make really two areas of the brain that are respon- Other times the wheel is almost all sible for decision-making—the pre- red with very little black. bad decisions. Whether they teens frontal cortex and the striatum. The “Our is in seeing how make prefrontal cortex is the part of the they respond to the odds of winning are experimenting with metham- brain that mulls over what a person or losing,” says Berns. “Some people phetamine, engaging in unpro- is going to do, weighing benefits and respond very strongly to risk itself— consequences. The striatum—the pair they get a rush off the risk. Others don’t such tected sex, slipping behind the of arches that straddles the brain stem in like the risk and focus on the outcome. By the geographic center of our skull—is the looking at how the teens respond to all of bad wheel while drunk, or picking up part of the brain that is all about instant these tasks, we can calculate their risk attitude.” gratification and short-term rewards. In another part of the study, Berns is look- a knife to join in a fight, teens “Decision-making is a balance between ing at how peer pressure can change behavior. the two—short-term rewards and long- “We know a lot of bad decisions teens make are often seem bound and deter- term consequences,” says Berns. the result of peer pressure,” says Berns. “One of Since the prefrontal cortex in teens the things we want to know is, How does that hap- decisions? mined to test their own mortality. has not yet matured, the striatum pen in the brain? To find out, we make them do By Martha Nolan McKenzie exerts more than its fair share of influ- the tasks again but show them what the most popu- Many fail the test. About ence, he believes. That means instant lar choices are and then observe how they change gratification tends to win out over their behavior. The key question is, Do people 30,000 kids between ages thoughtful deliberation. change the way they behave because what other 10 and 24 die each year from accidents, homicide, or suicide. The vast majority of At no time in our lives do we have more dopamine in our brains than these deaths are believed to be preventable. “The biggest killer of kids is bad during our teens. “It’s no coincidence that dopamine levels peak at a time decision-making,” says Gregory Berns, a psychiatrist and biomedical engineer in the in human development that coincides with a peak in novelty-seeking, School of Medicine. “The next biggest killer of kids—cancer—is way down on the list. risk-taking, and the drive to leave home.”—Gregory Berns It’s not even close.” A sure thing versus taking a gamble people say makes them see outcomes differently, or does Why are teens often so lousy at making decisions? “Greg is absolutely right about the hyperactive To test this theory, Berns’ research is examining how it somehow change the way they perceive the risks? Parents blame teens’ lack of life experience. Scientists reward system in adolescence,” says child teenagers weigh risk and reward for different types of Those are two very different mechanisms.” point the finger at an immature prefrontal cortex, the researcher Jay Giedd of the National Institute of Mental things that motivate behavior: , music, and food. In the end, Berns hopes to identify which types of area of the brain involved in executive decision-making, Health. “The implications of understanding adolescent While their brain activity is monitored using fMRI, interventions are most likely to influence teen decision- judgment, organization, and planning. The prefrontal decision-making are far-reaching, from driving safety to participants complete different decision-making tasks, making. “I’m interested in understanding how social cortex does not fully mature until the mid-20s. substance abuse to unplanned pregnancy.” all of which involve weighing risks and rewards. The messages, whether from peers, mass media, or authority Berns believes a third culprit may share blame. He Dopamine, the leading role in Berns’ drama, is the fMRI measures blood flow in the brain—a step beyond figures, can mitigate teens’ propensity to take on some- contends that teens suffer from a hyperactive reward chemical of the brain. Scans have shown that regular MRI, which captures the structure of the brain. times insane risks,” he says. “We might find that certain system fueled by a deluge of dopamine. To test the dopamine floods the brain during pleasurable activities, In one task, participants are given a series of choic- types of messages are more effective than others in theory, he is leading a study using functional magnetic such as eating, having sex, or taking recreational drugs. es to make involving money. They may have to decide, tamping down this activity.” resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain activity in More recently, scientists have learned dopamine is also for example, between taking a sure win of $10 or a If so, parents of teens everywhere would be able to the reward system of adolescents ages 12 to 17. Funded released when we encounter something new, program- 50:50 chance of winning $20. In another task, partici- rest a little easier. by the NIH, the four-year study will involve up to 200 ming us to crave novelty and new experiences. participants. More than 50 teens have enrolled thus far. At no time in our lives do we have more dopamine To learn more about Berns’ study, visit www.whsc.emory.edu/newsitem_teenbrain.cfm.

26 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 27 CONTENTS Gifts & Support Honoring teaching—past, present, and future anatomy and biochemistry in these buildings,” he says. Improving donor organ awareness and outcomes Transplant Center at Emory organs. In particular, this The building and its importance to teaching are and Children’s has created award will help scientists among the reasons Smith chose to give to the medical the Mason Living Donor better understand the f you ask Carter Smith Jr., 56C, 60M, what he val- school. For the past two years, Smith has made several Program. The new initiative immune response so they Iues most about the School of Medicine, he comes to charitable IRA rollover gifts, making Carter and his will help educate the public can develop better treat- the point quickly: “Teaching.” wife, Laura, 77L, Supporting Sponsors of the building. about living organ dona- ment strategies for patients As a medical student and cardiology resident, Smith “The charitable IRA rollover appealed to me because tion to encourage more at greatest risk for rejecting “learned from the best,” including Evangeline Papa- the money goes directly from your IRA to Emory and Georgians to donate a kid- organs. george, J. Willis Hurst, Bruce Logue, Robert Schlant, you’re not taxed on it,” he says. ney or liver segment during These highly sensi- J.D. Martin, and Edgar Fincher. A by-product of the Pension their lifetime. The program tized patients are likely to “They emphasized the personal Protection Act of 2006, the also makes becoming a liv- develop antibodies to the care of patients and being avail- charitable IRA rollover provi- ing donor easier and identi- proteins that determine the able to meet their needs,” says sion allows otherwise taxable fies more eligible donors. immune system’s response Smith. distributions of up to $100,000 To support these efforts, to transplanted organs. So did his father, Carter Smith, per person made to a charitable Emory has recruited kidney Such patients include those 24C, 26M. Carter Smith Jr. fol- organization from a traditional surgeon Nicole Turgeon who have received multiple lowed in his father’s footsteps by IRA or a Roth IRA to be ex- from the University of blood transfusions before serving on the clinical faculty at cluded from gross income. The . Addition- their transplants, those who Emory, teaching at Grady Hos- amount rolled over can satisfy ally, Emory and Children’s have been pregnant, and pital, and practicing at Piedmont the required minimum distribu- will continue to provide those receiving a second Hospital. He was also respon- tion. IRA owners must be 70½ transplant care for under- organ transplant. sible for establishing the Carter to qualify for the IRA rollover. served patients in Georgia. Discovery made possible Smith Sr. Chair in Medicine in This limited opportunity remains The Mason Living Donor by the Mason gift will build honor of his father and funded in effect through December 31, Program is similar to an on Emory’s groundbreak- by a gift from Reunette Harris. 2007, unless Congress extends initiative in Florida that ing research into improving Carter Smith was physician to the provision. has increased living donor outcomes for sensitized Mrs. Harris from the mid-1950s Smith sees the charitable IRA transplants 100% in recent patients. Emory immunolo- until 1980; his son then cared for rollover as a practical way to years. Research shows that gists and transplant sur- her until her death in 1994. support medical education, living donation improves geons recently developed Carter Smith Jr. also took whether by contributing to the survival rates. Living donor the “Emory Algorithm,” a Laura and Carter Smith, at home with cues from his father in serving their beloved cat Pete, are Supporting building, student scholarships, or or many Georgians as foreign objects and work organs usually function scientific method to deter- his profession and community. Sponsors of the School of Medicine other programs. “The tax advan- Fwith end-stage liver and overtime to reject them. better and last longer than mine whether a kidney The younger Smith, for instance, Building. tage makes it easy to give out of kidney disease, transplanta- Two major gifts totaling cadaveric donor organs. from a deceased donor is a served on Emory’s Board of your IRA,” he says. “It’s a great tion is the only treatment more than $2 million from A second commit- compatible match for a sen- Governors and chaired Emory’s Board of Visitors. And way to show your loyalty and devotion to the school option. But donor organs the Carlos and Marguerite ment of $1.35 million sitized patient. like his father, Smith was president of Emory’s Medical and reach out to the next generation of Emory-trained are scarce, and nearly 2,000 Mason Trust are help- from the Mason Trust To date, the Mason Trust Alumni Association. physicians. patients are on the waiting ing Emory and Children’s will support the Emory has awarded more than Now retired from teaching and private practice, “We are all grateful to the Woodruff family and list. Those who do receive Healthcare of Atlanta tackle Transplant Center as sci- $15 million to Emory for Smith serves on the boards of the Piedmont Founda- foundation for helping shape and grow the school,” transplants face a different both of those problems. entists search for ways to patient care and research. tion and the Emory Medical Alumni Association. He he adds. “But it will take alumni giving to help Emory battle: Their immune sys- With $975,000 from the keep the immune system —Terri McIntosh also co-chairs the medical school’s annual fund and reach the top tier of the nation’s medical schools.” tems treat the new organs Mason Trust, the Emory from rejecting transplanted serves on the Emory Annual Fund Board with Thomas Schoborg, 73M. To learn more about the charitable IRA rollover and Smith is a huge fan of the new School of Medicine other planned giving opportunities, contact Stephanie Building. Teaching lies at the heart of the facility, Frostbaum (404-712-2155 or stephanie.frostbaum@ The Mason Living Donor Program will help educate the public in order to encourage which is designed to support the new medical educa- emory.edu) in the Emory Office of Gift Planning or more Georgians to donate a kidney or liver segment during their lifetime. The program also tion curriculum and which incorporates the historic Heather Pharris (404-727-5932 or heather.pharris@ makes becoming a living donor easier and identifies more eligible donors. Anatomy and Physiology buildings. “The new struc- emory.edu) in the School of Medicine Office of Devel- ture is very meaningful to alumni, many of whom took opment and Alumni Relations.

28 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 29 CONTENTS Gifts & Support Safeguarding health for Georgians medical school is a resource Pete Correll Professorship Pepetuating mental healing and health to Atlanta and the state and in Biomedical Engineering deserves our support.” will fund a faculty member faculty research and teach- Toward that end, the involved in Emory and n his lifetime, J.B. Fuqua center at Wesley Woods. He people would be treated her treatment at the Fuqua ing in specific areas. Corrells’ gift will fund Georgia Tech’s joint ven- Imade his way from poor went on to contribute an through his support,” says Center, she has been able In several respects, the four professorships named ture in nanomedicine and farm boy to multimillion- additional $4 million to the William McDonald, who to examine her own experi- Corrells’ gift parallels their in their honor. The Ada cardiovascular disease, in aire through hard work and center to fund initiatives directs the Fuqua Center ence and has been trained own experience with health Lee and Pete Correll particular the early detec- careful planning. He knew as a peer counselor. issues, beginning more than Professorship in Urology tion of plaque in athero- his circumstances easily “Mr. Fuqua was always very interested in how many “I consider myself a decade ago when Ada Lee will enable a faculty mem- genesis. A teaching profes- could have been different. lives would be impacted and how many people would extremely fortunate to had a cardiogram as part ber to improve targeting sorship named for Ada Lee, “I am so very grateful for have been guided to the be treated through his support.”— William McDonald of her annual physical at of tumors during imaging a former K-7 teacher, will my wealth, and I have tried Fuqua Center,” Lunsford Emory which led to open and develop other agents to recognize a faculty member to share it in a manner that says. “There are experts in awareness and treat- and holds the Fuqua chair. heart surgery the next day. further treatment of kidney who inspires and mentors reaches many who are not in so many different fields ment of depression in older The patients whom Five years later, physicians cancer and other urologic students and who furthers so fortunate,” he wrote in of medical and physical adults and to endow the J.B. McDonald and his col- at Emory Hospital revived disorders. Emory’s vision of produc- his memoir, Fuqua: How health. They see a great big Fuqua Chair in Late-Life leagues treat also benefit Pete after a major heart Another professorship ing doctors who will trans- I Made My Fortune Using picture when they look at Depression. from Fuqua’s generosity. ete and Ada Lee Correll attack. More recently, doc- will support teaching and form health and healing. Other People’s Money. y ou .” An entrepreneur who “When you are really had the health of tors detected an early-stage groundbreaking work to Medical students also Although Fuqua died in J.B. Fuqua’s compassion P built a multimillion- depressed, you want to hide their fellow Georgians in cancer and removed one of improve emergency cardiac will benefit from the 2006, his concern for oth- for patients like Lunsford and creep into the doctor’s mind when they pledged his kidneys. care throughout metro Corrells’ generosity. For the extends to his own fam- office. You don’t want any- $2.5 million to the School “The doctors at Emory Atlanta and the United next five years, the Correll ily. “He very much wanted one to see you,” says Aubrey of Medicine. Their gift saved my life twice and my States, advance research to Scholars Fund will provide to make sure the money Lunsford, who suffered through the Correll wife’s once,” says Correll, save lives, and set a model $200,000 a year for scholar- he contributed was really with clinical depression for Foundation supports stu- former chairman and CEO of emergency care for the ships to help defray educa- directed at healing people, five months before seek- dent scholarships as well as of Georgia-Pacific. “The nation. The Ada Lee and tion costs for students. and so he took a great ing treatment at the Fuqua interest in making sure the Center in 2004. programmatic elements Her doctor in Florida would be enhanced or Ambassadors for AIDS research process affects people with HIV/AIDS. told her she was looking improved by his gifts,” says at life through gray glasses CPFA also awarded $25,000 to Emory his son, J. Rex Fuqua. and saw everything as The Emory Vaccine Center has a scientist Rama Amara for his work to Rex learned about the negative. “When I began to growing army of ambassadors, thanks develop a therapeutic AIDS vaccine importance of caring for recover, I’d find myself in to the center’s new advisory board. in monkeys. Amara has received three J.B. Fuqua (left) instilled a concern for others in his son Rex. others while growing up. the same type of situation Already, the national board has gener- CPFA grants totaling $135,000 thus far, Emory was the benefi- ers lives on. A recent gift of dollar business empire that or the same space as I was ated three grants for HIV/AIDS vac- leading to a $3 million grant from NIH ciary of that lesson in 2006 $3 million from his estate included television and before but, instead of feel- cine research. for his efforts to develop a therapeutic Sharon Umphenour (third from right) when he gave $2 million recently held a reception for the Emory will be used to create the radio stations and nearly ing hopeless, I felt great, or Concerned Parents for AIDS HIV vaccine for humans. Vaccine Center. Barry Baker (left), Deb- to endow the J. Rex Fuqua J.B. Fuqua Fund. The fund two dozen other compa- good, or at least peaceful,” bie Rechler, Alex Brown, Dixon Taylor, Chair in Child Research (CPFA) of New York pro- Debbie Rechler, an advisory board will allow the Fuqua Center nies, Fuqua became well Lunsford recalls. “I realized Michael Aycock, and Andrew Lipschitz in the Emory Childhood vided a $250,000 grant—its largest to member from New York, provided hosted the reception on behalf of the for Late-Life Depression to known in his later years as he was so right. When you and Adolescent Mood date—for a joint project led by Rafi an additional $50,000 for the vaccine center’s advisory board. expand psychiatric care to a philanthropist, donating are seriously depressed, you Disorders Program. Ahmed at Emory and Bruce Walker at center. Andrew Lipschitz, a longtime older adults in rural and more than $100 million to don’t believe anyone who “Giving has always been Harvard. By studying chronic infec- friend of Rechler’s and scientific Rechler’s son Ben celebrated his bar medically underserved education, health care, and says that you will be better.” a core of our family,” regions of Georgia. cultural causes. In retrospect, Lunsford tion in mice, Ahmed discovered how adviser for CPFA, announced the mitzvah, he donated a portion of the he says. “It is something we Emory has been a benefi- “Mr. Fuqua was always realizes she’d been “sliding” to reverse the immune “switch” that grants in Atlanta as chair of the advi- money he received to the center in have continued in this gen- ciary of Fuqua’s generosity very interested in how for about three years before causes infection-fighting cells to shut sory board. honor of Lipschitz, one of the nation’s eration, and we hope our since 1999, when he gave many lives would be her depression reached a down. Ahmed and Walker will take his Both have long been familiar with first physicians to contract HIV from a family can pass it on to the $1 million to establish the impacted and how many critical point. As a result of research further by studying how the the Emory Vaccine Center. When needle stick in the mid-1980s. next.”—Maria M. Lameiras

30 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 31 CONTENTS Class Notes alumni news

leadership, dedication, Growth factor and service. Charles R. Rosenfeld, The scholarship seed planted by 1961 alumni is flourishing. 66M, retired as direc- Contributions to the Class of 1961 Scholarship Fund now total tor of neonatal-perinatal more than $111,000. In addition to providing scholarship funds medicine at UT South- for medical students, the fund honors class members who have western Medical School passed away. after 30 years. He will For more information about contributing to the 1961 class fund remain as professor of pediatrics and director of or creating similar Class Scholarship funds, postdoctoral training in contact Heather Pharris at 404-727-5932 or pediatric subspecialities. [email protected]. Mark Steves, 84M, and Randolph B. Capone, 97M Ethan, Amelia, and Adam Jakum Roslyn Taylor, 67M, wife Stacey retired from family the auspices of of medicine at Emory formities within 24 hours Residency medicine after 30 years the Edward A. Ulzen and also medical after birth. of clinical practice and Memorial Foundation. director at Intelligent Notes teaching. In 2006, she It was a powerful Health Center in Atlanta BORN: To DeAnne (Har- was named the Geor- “ experience to work for the treatment of ris) Collier, 98M, and her Michael B. Alexander gia Family Physician of with friendly people in endocrine disorders husband, Gregory, (internal medicine) of Ferrol A. Sams Jr., 45M, system and how Cu- the Year by the Geor- 1940s such a foreign world and obesity. a son, Bradley, on Oct. Doylestown, PA, was was inducted into the ban doctors around the gia Academy of Fam- that struggles with 30, 2006, in New York named medical director 2007 Georgia Writers world are dealing with ily Physicians. Her last Goodwin M. Breinin, even the most basic City. The family now of CIGNA Healthcare. 43M, retired in 2006 after Hall of Fame in April. the global health cri- appointment was associ- BORN: To Janelle M. of medical services,” (Bell) Love, 94M, and lives in Jupiter, FL, where serving 50 years as Kirby Other inductees included sis. Bourne is a visiting ate professor at Mercer Steve Carpenter (internal writes Zapf. her husband, William, she opened a dermatol- Professor of Ophthalmol- John H. Stone, 68MR, scholar at Green College University, Department of medicine) was appointed a son, William Matthew ogy practice. ogy at NYU School of Caroline Miller, Anne in Oxford, England. He Family Health, in Savan- chair of the department II, on Oct. 13, 2006. Medicine and 41 years as Rivers Siddons, and the lives in Washington, DC. nah. She currently chairs 1980s of internal medicine and He joins big brother BORN: To Joshua A. chair of ophthalmology. late Celestine Sibley. the Chatham County residency program direc- MARRIED: Mark Steves, Connor. Janelle is a bio- Jakum, 98M, and his “As professor emeritus, I Gwynne Brunt, 66M, Board of Health. tor at Mercer University medical consultant with wife, Erin Brand Jakum, will continue teaching and 1960s received the 2006 John 84M, and Stacey Feldman School of Medicine Autism Busters in Pasa- 97PH, a daughter, Amelia maintaining my research McCoy Award at Atlan- 1970s on April 14, 2007, in and Memorial Health Arlington, VA. They met dena, MD. Flaherty Brand Jakum, on lab as long as my health Peter G. Bourne, 62M, ta’s Northside Hospital, University Medical in 2000 at Washington Nov. 17, 2006. She has holds up,” he writes. “I produced the award- where he practices. The Charles Zapf, 75M, two older brothers, Ethan Center in Savannah, GA. Hospital Center, where Randolph B. Capone, served on the staff for 56 winning documentary award honors a physi- recently volunteered at William and Adam Ed- they continue to work. 97M, received the years and greatly enjoyed ¡Salud!. The film explores cian who consistently the Ankaful Psychiatric ward. Joshua is a partner John C. Hagan III (op- He has a surgical oncol- 2007 American Medical the experience.” the Cuban health care demonstrates outstanding Hospital in Ghana under with Piedmont Pediat- thalmology) is the editor ogy and general surgery Association Young Physi- rics in Warrenton, VA, of Missouri Medicine, practice.She is a nurse cian Community Service and Erin is development which won the first practitioner at the Wash- Award at the AMA’s an- director for the Fauquier Ranly Award for the ington Cancer Center. nual meeting in Chicago. Free Clinic. Best Association Maga- He accepted the award zine Writing earlier this 1990s on behalf of the Greater year. The peer-reviewed Baltimore Cleft Lip & 2000s medical journal has been Scott Isaacs, 93M, has Palate Team. Co-founded published for more than published The Leptin by Capone in 2004, the MARRIED: Alison Sis- a century. Boost Diet: Unleash team includes academic itsky, 01M, and Edward- Your Fat-Controlling and private practice Curcio, on Sept. 3, 2006, BORN: To David Law- Hormones for Maximum providers from multiple at Cape Cod, MA. They rence (medicine) and his Weight Loss (Berkeley: disciplines who provide both practice emergency wife, Gay, a son, Har- Ulysses Press, 2007.) care to families affected medicine and live outside rison Gray, on Dec. 5, Goodwin Breinin, 43M, and Ferrol A. Sams Jr., 45M Roslyn Taylor, 67M Charles Zapf, 75M He is a clinical instructor by congenital facial de- of Boston. 2006. his wife, Rose-Helen

32 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 33 CONTENTS Class Notes alumni news

Alumni Honors x 3

An Emory alumnus credited with the eyesight of millions of ba- bies received a new award named in his honor. The Arnall Patz MD Lifetime Achievement Award, created to recognize national and international leadership and accomplishment, was presented to Patz, 45M, during Medical Alumni Weekend this fall. As a young ophthalmologist, Patz noticed a disturbing pattern among prema-

ture infants treated in incubators with high levels of oxygen. Many babies who Alison Sisitsky Curcio, 01M, Steve Carpenter John C. Hagan III John H. Stone spent weeks in a highly oxygenated atmosphere suffered from infant blindness. and husband Edward Patz conducted his own clinical trials and discovered the condition known as Foad Nahai (plastic cialist in geriatrics, helped Richard Jackson, 35M, until 1947. After return- retinopathy of prematurity. His willingness to pursue his convictions led to the surgery) is president of organize the ethics com- of Myrtle Beach, SC, on ing to Atlanta, he served Arnall Patz, 45M revision of the medical protocol used to treat premature infants. Patz currently is the American Society for mittee at Phoebe Putney Nov. 20, 2006. on the medical staffs of a professor emeritus at Johns Hopkins, where he founded the Retinal Vascular Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Hospital in Albany, GA, Emory, Crawford Long, He is a plastic surgeon at nearly 20 years ago and Grady, St. Joseph’s, and Center and pioneered the management and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Paces Plastic Surgery in now serves as co-chair. 1940s Georgia Baptist hospi- Two other physicians were honored during Medical Alumni Weekend. Stanley Atlanta, specializing in tals. In 2001, at age 91, C. Topple, 57M, received the 2007 Distinguished Medical Achievement Award breast and facial surgery. John H. Stone (cardiol- Eugene G. Brunson, Brown was honored for 42M, of Pensacola, FL, a lifetime of service to for his efforts to care for those isolated by poverty, disease, and disability. For- He is also associate editor ogy) was inducted into of the Aesthetic Surgery the 2007 Georgia Writers on Dec. 28, 2006. the medical profession by merly chief of orthopaedics at the VA Medical Center in Atlanta and an ortho- Journal. Hall of Fame in April at induction into the Ameri- paedic surgeon at Charlotte Medical Center and McDowell Hospital in North the University of Georgia. Courtney Brooks, 43M, can College of Physicians. of Loganville, GA, on Carolina, Topple is a longtime medical missionary with the Presbyterian Church. Bernard P. Scoggins (in- Ferrol A. Sams Jr., 45M, ternal medicine) received was also inducted. Dec. 16, 2006, at age 87. Jeffress Palmer, 44M, of For 22 years, Topple was a surgeon, then medical superintendent, for the After serving with the the “Heroes in Health Chapel Hill, NC, on Dec. Wilson Leprosy Center and Rehabilitation Hospital in South Korea. There, he Care Ethics” award from U.S. Army, he practiced 19, 2006. After serv- transformed the isolated colony into a fully functioning medical facility, helping the Health Care Ethics Deaths medicine and surgery in ing in the U.S. Army, he Consortium of Georgia. Cumming, GA; owned completed a fellowship return patients to mainstream society. Topple later became the first orthopae- Stanley C. Topple, 57M, and and operated a general his wife Mia He is the first clinician 1930s at the University of Utah dic surgeon in East Africa at Kikuyu Hospital in Kenya. While at Kikuyu, Topple in the state to receive the hospital in Blue Ridge, College of Medicine. He brought refugees from neighboring countries to the hospital for corrective sur- award in its four years of Irving Greenberg, 35M, GA, and the Toney Valley then joined the medical Medical Clinic in Decatur, gery. More recently, Topple and his wife Mia, a dermatologist, have worked with existence. Scoggins, a spe- of Atlanta, on Aug. 13, school faculty at the Uni- 2006, at age 95. He prac- GA; and practiced medi- hospitals in Afghanistan and Ethiopia. versity of North Carolina ticed general surgery for cine in Marietta, GA. in 1952 and served as the The Medical Alumni Association also presented Ramon Suarez, 78M, with more than 40 years and first chief of the division the 2007 Award of Honor for his leadership in the gynecology and obstetrics pioneered early ambula- Charles E. Brown, 43M, of hematology. tion. He co-founded the of Atlanta, on Feb. 26, community. Suarez completed his medical residency at Emory and launched a 2007, at age 96. He prac- Greenfield Hebrew Acad- Tom Duke, 45M, of Dal- successful private practice at Piedmont Hospital in 1984. Since that time, he has emy, helped establish the ticed internal medicine las, TX, on Feb. 3, 2007, first blood bank in At- for 48 years and served come to be regarded as an outstanding surgeon and champion for women. As a at age 84. five more years as a clinical professor at Emory, he is dedicated to educating the next generation of lanta, and co-chaired the Jewish Federation’s first consultant to the Social GYN/OB physicians. Suarez serves as program director for the Emory/Piedmont annual campaign, which Security disability deter- Thomas A. Harris, 45M, residency program and also leads Piedmont’s continuing education program. raised more than $1 mil- mination service. During of , GA, Ramon Suarez, 78M on Nov. 22, 2006, at age Additionally, he has held a number of leadership roles locally and nationally and lion. In 2002, he received WWII, he was stationed the Jewish Federation of in occupied Germany 85. He practiced obstet- currently serves on the Emory School of Medicine Alumni Board. Greater Atlanta’s Lifetime in the Public Health rics-gynecology from Harrison Gray Lawrence Achievement Award. Branch of the military 1951, establishing the

34 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 35 CONTENTS Deaths alumni news

Atlanta OB-GYN Group Robert Graham Thomas Slade Hogan practice, until he retired (“Dutch”) Kirkland, (medicine) of Sacra- in 1987. He served on the 54M, of Orlando, FL, mento, CA, in February clinical faculty at Emory on Dec. 17, 2006, after a 2007. Hogan and his wife and was a founding long illness. He was 77. Frances completed resi- member of the Atlanta Graham served on the dencies at Emory and the OB-GYN Society. staff at Florida Hospital General Medical Hospital for 35 years and was of Fresno. The couple Roger Jay Reynolds, chairman of the psychia- practiced in Fresno for 46M, of Baton Rouge, try department from 1989 40 years. LA, on Jan. 12, 2007, to 1992. He received the at age 84. He practiced hospital’s Outstanding Abraham M. Oshlag internal medicine at the Clinician Award in 1990. (medicine) of Newnan, Baton Rouge Clinic from Charles E. Brown, 43M W. Earl Bobo, 64M GA, on Jan. 22, 2007. Huddie Lee Cheney Jr. Frank Dempsey Guillebeau Abraham Rosenberg 1955 to 1985. Bealer T. Rogers Jr., He was 89. He graduated 54M, of San Antonio, Leonard Oscar (“Bud- Huddie Lee Cheney Jr. from New York Uni- at the Good Samaritan lent physician and teacher ior-altering organic brain Sidney Zorab Gellman, TX, on July 31, 2006. dy”) Sidler Jr., 74M, of (medicine) of Thom- versity Medical School Health and Wellness Cen- whose research focused disease. Late in his career, 47M, of West Holly- High Point, NC, on Jan. asville, GA, on Jan. 7, in 1941 and served as a ter in Jasper, GA. on mitral valve prolapse. he studied cellular altera- tions after viral infection wood, CA, on Oct. 20, 1960s 31, 2007. He was 57. 2007, at age 79. He medic with the U.S. Ma- 2006, at age 82. served as J. Willis Hurst’s rines in the South Pacific B. Gray Taylor (surgery) Albert Rauber (professor of the brain, with a focus and Japan, for which he of Merritt Island, FL, on of pediatrics emeritus) on HIV , F. Conyers Thompson, first chief resident at won a Purple Heart. Jan. 30, 2007, at age 82. on March 7, 2007, of and he also contributed Robert Ross McBryde, Jr., 63M, of Atlanta, on Emory. Cheney prac- abdominal cancer. He to current understanding 47M, of Montgomery, Dec. 31, 2006, at age 69. Residency ticed internal medicine Alexander F. Saker (OB/ Isom C. Walker (medi- was 84. When Emory of the effects of alcohol AL, on Oct. 11, 2006, He was a psychoanalyst Deaths from 1958 until 1992 GYN) of Decatur, GA, cine) of Gallipolis, OH, developed a pediatric on the brain. He was one at age 83. in Atlanta for more than in Thomasville, where on Jan. 19, 2007. He was on May 16, 2006, at age program in 1959, he of the most senior of all 40 years. Harold E. Adair (urol- he worked with heart James Morgan Blood- 76. Born and raised in 80. was one of the first four NIH-funded investigators ogy) of Atlanta on patients at the Crippled worth Jr., 48M, of Cuba, he graduated from physicians on the faculty. in the United States. W. Earl Bobo, 64M, of May 1, 2007, at age 70. Children’s Clinic and es- Madison, GA, on Sept. Havana University. He Henry Wise Wood Jr. After the general pediat- Snellville, GA, on March He served as a captain tablished the first cardio- 22, 2006, at age 81. immigrated to the United (medicine) of Norfolk, ric clinic closed in 1968, Roger Sherman (profes- 8, 2007, due to complica- during the Vietnam War, vascular center at Arch- He wrote the textbook, States in 1961 and went VA, on March 2, 2006. Rauber became director sor of surgery emeritus) tions from Alzheimer’s heading the urology de- bold Memorial Hospital. Bloodworth’s Endocrine on to practice OB/GYN of Ambulatory Pediatrics on April 9, 2006, at age disease. He practiced partment at Ft. Devens, Pathology and received in East Point for 33 years. at Grady Hospital. Two 82. After earning his general surgery at DeKalb MA, and received the Frank Dempsey Guil- several awards for his Saker completed his Emo- years later, he established medical degree from the Medical Center until his National Distinguished lebeau (medicine) of Faculty Deaths work on diabetes. ry residency at Piedmont what became the Georgia University of Cincinnati retirement. Service Award. After Albany, GA, on Jan. 9, Hospital in 1967. Herbert Birch (professor Poison Control Center in 1948, he served in the leaving the military, 2007, of cancer. He was of gynecology/obstetrics at Grady. He retired in U.S. Army and subse- 1950s R. Beauvais Randall Jr., he joined private 77. Guillebeau entered Dorothy White Sherrer emeritus) on Dec. 20, 1987. quently became associate 65M, of Decatur, GA, practice and served private practice in Albany (medicine) of Marietta, 2006, in Rome, GA. He professor of surgery at Wallace McLeod, 52M, on Nov. 11, 2006. He on the medical staff at in 1960; co-founded Pal- GA, on Dec. 1, 2006, at practiced as a gyneco- Abraham Rosenberg the University of Ten- of Atlanta on Dec. 4, served as chief resident Crawford Long, myra Park Hospital, now age 79. She graduated logic oncologist at Emory (professor of psychiatry nessee at Memphis. In 2006, of cancer at age at Grady Hospital under Doctors Memorial, and Palmrya Medical Center, from the Medical College for 40 years and was a and behavioral sciences) 1972, Sherman was ap- 85. He was the first J. Willis Hurst and then St. Joseph’s hospitals in 1971; and served as a of Georgia in 1952 and founding member of the on Dec. 23, 2006, after pointed chairman of the dermatology resident to entered private practice in . trustee for several years. practiced family medicine Gynecological Oncologist a long battle with pros- department of surgery at train at Emory and main- in internal medicine and He later served on the He also served a term as until 1965. She returned Society. tate cancer, at age 82. the University of South tained a private practice cardiology in Decatur for staff at St. Joseph’s and president of the Dough- to medicine, completing He joined the depart- Florida Medical School in at the Atlanta Medical 25 years. Northside hospitals after erty County Medical an Emory residency in Woodfin Cobbs Jr. ment several years ago Tampa. He joined Emory Center from 1963 to his practice moved to Society. psychiatry in 1978. She (professor of cardiol- after retiring” from the as professor and chief of 1994. north Atlanta. “ 1970s practiced with the Brawn- ogy emeritus) on Nov. Neuropsychiatric and surgery and trauma at Stanley W. Hall Jr. (medi- er Psychiatric Group in 18, 2006, at age 79. Brain Research Institute Grady Hospital in 1982. Charles E. Wells, 53M, of Carroll Beasley (medi- Robert C. Parker, 71M, cine) of LaGrange, GA, Smyrna from 1981 to He joined the School of at UCLA. Rosenberg was Nashville, TN, on Aug. cine) of Marietta, GA, on on June 9, 2006, at age on Nov. 22, 2006. He 1991. In recent years, she Medicine in 1958. Cobbs an expert in the mecha- 8, 2006. Feb. 5, 2006, at age 85. 61. was 61. was a volunteer physician was regarded as an excel- nisms underlying behav-

36 EMORY MEDICINE WINTER 2007 37 CONTENTS Class Notes alumni news Emory School of Medicine Emory School of Medicine Board of Advisers Alumni Board

Garland D. Perdue, 52M (professor of surgery W. Shain Schley, MD, 62C, 66M, chair J. Maxwell White Jr., MD, 73C, 77M, president emeritus), on Sept. 11, 2007. A pioneer in vascu- Julie Lanier Balloun lar surgery and a respected leader in health care, Charles P. Adams Sr., 42Ox, 44C, 48G, 54M, 55MR Anne P. Berg Perdue served on the Emory faculty for more than Jennifer L. Amerson, MD, 90M, 95MR 40 years. Linton H. Bishop Jr., MD, 47M Carolyn F. Bannister, MD, 89MR After receiving a scholarship to Emory University Goodwin M. Breinin, MD, 40G, 43M at age 15, Perdue eventually earned his medical Paul B. Brock, MD, 79C, 83M, 88MR Barbara Stephenson Bruner, MD, 56M degree and became director of the division of vas- John H. Burson III, MD, 75M, 79MR Peter Gordon, MD, 79M, 83MR cular surgery in 1957. He performed Georgia’s first kidney transplant in 1966 and established Emory’s Frederick W.P. Buttrell Herbert R. Karp, MD, 43C, 51M Joseph Patterson first vascular surgery training program, the first in André L. Churchwell, 80MR, 86MR Stephen S. Law, MD, 71C, 76M the nation to receive accreditation. Since Perdue’s Evern D. Cooper Epps Garland D. Perdue Patricia Herndon Meadors, MD, 73C, 77M, 80MR landmark transplant, Emory has become the most extensive transplant pro- Correction Ada Lee Correll gram in Georgia and a leader in the Southeast. Perdue also was a co-author Farzad R. Nahai, MD, 92C, 96M, 01MR In the Summer 2007 A.D. (Pete) Correll Jr. with the late J.D. Martin of The History of Surgery at Emory University Emory Medicine, the Thomas C. Dickinson, MD, 50C, 54M, 59MR Jeffrey T. Nugent, MD, 68M, 70MR School of Medicine (1979). photograph in the obitu- In addition to a successful surgical career, Perdue was appointed medi- ary on Joseph Patterson Herbert L. DuPont, MD, 65M Anna Krawczynska Paré, MD, 90M, 95MR cal director of Emory Hospital in 1983 and director of The Emory Clinic in (above), professor of William L. Effinger III W. Jefferson Pendergrast Jr., MD, 72M, 81MR 1984. He served in that role until 1993, when he became executive director pediatrics and co-founder Andrew C. Garling, MD, 94MBA of the Emory University System of Health Care. Walker L. Ray, MD, 62C, 65M, 68MR of Egleston Hospital Anne E. H. Gaston, MD, 55M, 60MR An active leader in professional organizations, Perdue received several hon- for Children, was iden- Lewis Gilmer Satterwhite MD, 99C, 04M, 07MR ors during his lifetime. Among them were the 2004 Award of Honor from the J. Harper Gaston, MD, 52C, 55M, 61MR tified incorrectly. The Thomas W. Schoborg, MD, 73M Charles B. Ginden, 55C Emory Medical Alumni Association and the 2006 Rudolph Matas Lifetime photograph in that issue Carter Smith Jr., MD, 56C, 60M, 66MR Achievement Award from the Southern Association of Vascular Surgery. Just showed Jim Carson, Robert Shelton Harkey, 63C, 65L recently, the School of Medicine established the Garland Perdue Lectureship retired fund-raising Ralph L. Haynes, MD, 70M, 74MR John H. Stone, MD, 68MR in Vascular Surgery in his honor. executive for Egleston. Trudy Huger Ramon A. Suarez, MD, 74C, 78M, 82MR Perdue’s survivors include his wife, Brenda, four daughters, two sons, and Our apologies for the 11 grandchildren. John S. Inman Jr., MD, 42C, 45M error.—The editors Darryl J. Tookes, MD, 87M, 92MR Cecile M. Jones Bruce F. Walker, MD, 81C, 85M, 90MR Gayle Thornton Kennedy William C. Waters III, MD, 50C, 58M, 60MR Ellis L. Jones (professor emeritus of cardiothoracic surgery) on Feb. conclusively demonstrated the importance of complete revasculariza- William R. King, MD, 38C, 41M 6, 2007, of cancer at age 68. When he joined the Emory faculty in tion to long-term survival after coronary bypass.” Albert N. Parker Charles W. Wickliffe Jr., MD, 64C, 67M, 69MR 1972, Jones worked with Charles Hatcher, then director of cardiotho- Among other accomplishments, Jones developed a set of surgical William A. Parker Jr., 50C, emeritus racic surgery, and others to help Emory become one of the nation’s instruments for small arterial grafting. He pursued several research W. Jefferson Pendergrast Jr., MD, 72M, 81MR top heart programs. , including the use of arterial grafts for coronary bypass op- Maria M. Peninger An Atlanta native, Jones completed his medical degree at Emory erations, the use of cryopreserved in 1963 and continued his training at Johns Hopkins as a Halsted human heart valves in high-risk Parker H. Petit intern from 1963 to 1964 and as a resident from 1964 to 1965. He patients, and the prevention of Malcolm Powell then trained at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and sub- stroke during heart operations. E. Stephen Purdom, MD, 72M, 76MR sequently served with the Second Mobile Army Surgical Hospital in Jones’ concern for patients James O. Robbins Vietnam. He returned to Johns Hopkins to complete his residency in sprang from his belief that Harrison L. Rogers Jr., MD, 48C, 52M cardiothoracic surgery under cardiac surgery pioneer Alfred Blalock. ”everybody counts,” says Beth Martin Van Buren Teem Jr., MD, 63M Jones served there as chief resident from 1971 to 1972. Coleman Jones, his wife of 47 Jones was known for his perfectionism in the OR and his years, ”He loved people from Mark C. West compassion for patients—traits he instilled in residents like Emory all walks of life.” In addition to J. Maxwell White Jr., MD, 73C, 77M cardiothoracic surgeon John Puskas. ”He was among the first in the his wife, Jones is survived by Rebecca Yarbrough nation to embrace stentless aortic valve replacement and to identify two daughters, a son, and five Sidney H. Yarbrough III, MD, 59C, 63M, the important technical challenges that it posed,” says Puskas. ”He grandchildren. 64MR, 66MR, 70MR Ellis L. Jones David M. Zacks

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Note to readers: Saga in Because our mailing lists are supplied by several the Making university divisions, some of you may receive dupli- Iceland is the land of glaciers. cate copies of Emory It is also home to deCODE Medicine. Thank you for genetics, a company that passing them along to shakes disease-related genes others who are interested out of family trees. Emory in the magazine. researchers are collaborating with deCODE, resulting in discoveries for restless legs syndrome and heart disease. To learn more, see page 20.

40 EMORY MEDICINE