DOCSLIB.ORG

University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

WOMEN IN GRAY ROBES: CONTINUITY IN THE TRADITIONAL AND CONTEMPORARY RELIGIOUS IDENTITY OF KOREAN BUDDHIST NUNS By CHUNGWHAN SUNG A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 © 2011 Chungwhan Sung 2 To my Mom and my family 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I must first thank Robin Wright who has attentively encouraged my research. I wish also to acknowledge my committee members: Manuel A. Vasquez, Travis Smith, and Won- ho Park. I am deeply grateful to my former teachers: Seongseok Jung, Hoseong Kim, and Jason Woo. I also thank the venerable Myeongseong and all the other nuns at the Unmunsa temple and other Korean nuns who were interviewed and supported my projects. I am also indebted to my colleagues Jimi Wilson, Leah Sarat, and Phillip Green at the University of Florida. I would also like to thank to my friends Lynn Paluga, Monia Eric and all members of the Korean Buddhist Association in Gainesville. Finally, I am deeply grateful to my mom and my family who have patiently endured my nebulous times. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ......................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................................... 7 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... 8 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................... 9 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................ 10 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: STUDYING NUNS IN KOREAN BUDDHISM ............................ 12 Initial Encounter ............................................................................................................... 12 Research Theories and Problems ..................................................................................... 15 Brief Review about Academic Discourse on Nuns in Korean Buddhism ....................... 18 Research Sources and Method ......................................................................................... 21 Textual Sources ......................................................................................................... 21 Fieldwork ................................................................................................................... 22 Participant-observation ....................................................................................... 22 Quantitative research .......................................................................................... 24 Qualitative research ............................................................................................ 25 Chapter Outlines ............................................................................................................... 26 2 NUNS IN THE HISTORY OF KOREAN BUDDHISM (4TH C-1910)........................... 31 The First Nuns on the Korean Peninsula .......................................................................... 32 The Motivation of Female Renunciation .......................................................................... 43 Religious Practice ............................................................................................................. 50 Social Activities within Patriarchal Society ..................................................................... 60 3 NUNS IN THE PRE-MODERN AND THE CONTEMPORARY ERA (1910- PRESENT) ........................................................................................................................ 80 Religious Practice ............................................................................................................. 81 Formulating Educational System ..................................................................................... 92 The Narrative and Oral Histories of Lineages of Nuns ................................................. 102 Social Activities within Modernity ................................................................................ 112 4 UNMUNSA AS INSTITUTION .................................................................................... 123 The History of Unmunsa Temple ................................................................................... 123 5 Structure and Organization of the Monastery ................................................................ 126 Meditation Center: Unmun Munsu Seonwon .......................................................... 133 Precepts Center: Bohyun Yulwon ........................................................................... 139 Educational System within the Jogye Order .................................................................. 140 Postulant Period ....................................................................................................... 142 Studying at Unmunsa Monastic College ................................................................. 144 Special Events in the Annual Calendar .......................................................................... 154 5 MONASTIC LIVES OF NUNS AT UNMUNSA ......................................................... 159 Daily Life inside the Community ................................................................................... 160 Acting Ritual ............................................................................................................ 162 Class and Communal Work ..................................................................................... 170 Internal Conflicts and Harmonization ............................................................................ 176 Individual Nuns at the Community ................................................................................ 180 Nuns’ Views on Monastic Life ....................................................................................... 195 Nuns as Religious Leaders within Society ..................................................................... 217 Alumnae: Beyond Unmunsa ........................................................................................... 223 6 ABBESS MYEONGSEONG: FEMALE RELIGIOUS LEADER ................................ 231 Before Joining the Monastery ........................................................................................ 232 Myeongseong as a Novice Nun ...................................................................................... 240 Myeongseong as a Teacher at Unmunsa ........................................................................ 253 Myeongseong as the Abbess at Unmunsa ...................................................................... 262 Myeongseong and the Nun Association within the Jogye Order ................................... 267 Myeongseong and Korean Nuns within Globalization .................................................. 273 7 CONCLUSION............................................................................................................... 279 Discussion ....................................................................................................................... 279 Ongoing Study of Nuns in Korean Buddhism ............................................................... 282 APPENDIX A SUMMER 2008 SURVEY OF UNMUNSA NUNS ..................................................... 288 B FIGURES OF NUNS ...................................................................................................... 291 LIST OF REFERENCES ...................................................................................................... 294 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ................................................................................................. 308 6 LIST OF TABLES Table page 5-1 Education-Level ......................................................................................................... 230 5-2 Religious Population in Korea ................................................................................... 230 5-3 Nuns Discrimination from Monks ............................................................................. 230 5-4 Social Discrimination Compare to Monks ................................................................ 230 5-5 Nuns/Monks Respect from Society ........................................................................... 230 7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure page B-1 The Landscape of Unmunsa Temple ....................................................................... 291 B-2 Students Nuns in Classes at Unmunsa Monastic College ......................................... 291 B-3 Stduents Nuns in Classes at Unmunsa Monastic College ........................................ 292 B-4 Nuns at the Morning Ritual at Unmunsa . ................................................................. 292 B-5 Venerable Nun Myeongseong with her Father Monk Gwaneung ............................ 293 B-6 Myeongseong with Catholic Nuns and Foregin Visitors at Unmunsa ...................... 293 8 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS G Goryeosa (고려사 高麗史, History of the Goryeo Dynasty). Jung, Inji 정인지. Translated by Gojeonyeongusil 고전 연구실. 11 vols. Seoul: Sinseowon, 2001-2002. (http://www.krpia.co.kr/pcontent/?svcid=KR&proid=1 ) HBJ Hanguk bulgyo jeonseo (한국불교전서 韓國佛教全書, The Collected Texts of the Korean Buddhism).
Recommended publications
  • Buddhism in America

    Buddhism in America

    Buddhism in America The Columbia Contemporary American Religion Series Columbia Contemporary American Religion Series The United States is the birthplace of religious pluralism, and the spiritual landscape of contemporary America is as varied and complex as that of any country in the world. The books in this new series, written by leading scholars for students and general readers alike, fall into two categories: some of these well-crafted, thought-provoking portraits of the country’s major religious groups describe and explain particular religious practices and rituals, beliefs, and major challenges facing a given community today. Others explore current themes and topics in American religion that cut across denominational lines. The texts are supplemented with care- fully selected photographs and artwork, annotated bibliographies, con- cise profiles of important individuals, and chronologies of major events. — Roman Catholicism in America Islam in America . B UDDHISM in America Richard Hughes Seager C C Publishers Since New York Chichester, West Sussex Copyright © Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Seager, Richard Hughes. Buddhism in America / Richard Hughes Seager. p. cm. — (Columbia contemporary American religion series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN ‒‒‒ — ISBN ‒‒‒ (pbk.) . Buddhism—United States. I. Title. II. Series. BQ.S .'—dc – Casebound editions of Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper.
  • Moon by the Window

    Moon by the Window

    DaI Te oM B ontents BOaSK NGMK NrKeGIK H SnqqGry 8mcKx ne CGSSOMrGoNOKq ,4mMSOqNA 8mcKx ne CGSSOMrGoNOKq ,RnT GPOA Aansa E OqcnT Ns aSOIGaOnmq CnoyrOMNa NGMK Prxyatx Rxyxrxntxs to tyx moon appxar yrxquxntly zn qxn koans as a syortyanw yor tyx awakxnxw mznw. Altyouxy tyxsx tallzxrapyy pyrasxs arx not tyx moon ztsxly- tyxy offxr a mxans yor awakxnznx to tyx mznw’s wzswom sy sxrvznx as a rxmznwxr oy tyx txatyznxs wyxn a txatyxr zs not prxsxnt. Tyx tallzxrapyzxs tyxmsxlvxs provzwx an xxprxsszon oy tyx awakxnxw mznw- a vzsual Dyarma- tapturznx tyx lzvznx xnxrxy oy a momxnt zn znk on papxr. Tyus- worws anw zmaxxs work toxxtyxr to tonvxy tyx xssxntx oy qxn to tyx vzxwxr anw rxawxr. Known zntxrnatzonally as a tallzxrapyxr anw mastxr txatyxr- Syowo aarawa was sorn zn B94A zn Nara- capan. ax sxxan yzs qxn traznznx zn B9HC wyxn yx xntxrxw Syoyuku.jz monastxry zn Kosx- capan. Aytxr traznznx unwxr ramawa Mumon Rosyz ,B9AA–B988A yor twxnty yxars- yx rxtxzvxw Dyarma transmzsszon anw was appozntxw assot oy Soxxn.jz monastxry zn Okayama- capan- wyxrx yx yas tauxyt szntx B98C. aarawa Rosyz zs yxzr to tyx txatyznxs oy Rznzaz qxn Buwwyzsm as passxw wown zn capan tyrouxy Mastxr aakuzn anw yzs suttxssors. aarawa Rosyz’s txatyznx zntluwxs trawztzonal Rznzaz prattztxs znyormxw sy wxxp tompasszon anw pxrmxatxw sy tyx szmplx anw wzrxtt Mayayana wottrznx tyat all sxznxs arx xnwowxw wzty tyx tlxar- purx Orzxznal Buwwya Mznw. Protxxwznx yrom tyzs all.xmsratznx vzxw- aarawa Rosyz yas wxltomxw sxrzous stuwxnts ,womxn anw mxn- lay anw orwaznxwA yrom all ovxr tyx worlw to trazn at Soxxn.jz anw tyx txmplxs yx yas xstaslzsyxw nxar Sxattlx- oasyznxton- anw zn Gxrmany- as wxll as at morx tyan a wozxn szttznx xroups arounw tyx worlw.
  • Kobun's Talks on the Heart Sutra

    Kobun's Talks on the Heart Sutra

    KOBUN CHINO OTOGAWA KOBUN’S TALKS ON THE HEART SUTRA EDITED BY ANGIE BOISSEVAIN AND JUDY COSGROVE Calligraphy by Hathaway Barry Cover image by Gerow Reece Typesetting by Russell Cosgrove using tufte-latex First printing, December 2015 Second printing, October 2016 5 Editor’s Note In the early 70’s Kobun taught a class on Monday mornings, at various people’s houses, where he talked about three im- portant Buddhist sutras. Perhaps the most well-known of these is the Heart Sutra. Angie Boissevain wrote down Kobun’s discussions, at first from listening to his slow speaking, and later from tape record- ings. The version of the sutra which Kobun introduced at Haiku Zendo is included here. Sanskrit words are explained. When somewhat unfamiliar Japanese terms and Sanskrit words are included in the dis- cussion, these are presented in quotes or italics. Two very personal stories from Kobun’s life are also included, in the belief that they help us put these teachings into practice in our own personal lives. Judy Cosgrove Contents The Heart Sutra 11 Introduction to Heart Sutra 13 On Chanting 17 The First Lines 21 “. form does not differ from emptiness” 25 8 “. all dharmas are marked with emptiness ...” 29 “. do not appear nor disappear . ” 35 “Therefore in emptiness, no form, no feelings, perceptions, impulses, consciousness;” 41 “No ignorance and also no extinction of it, ...” 45 “No suff’ring, no origination, no stopping, no path; . ” 49 “The Bodhisattva depends on Prajna Paramita and his mind is no hindrance. he dwells in Nirvana.” 53 Karma 57 9 Prajna Paramita 61 Annutara-samyaksambodhi 63 Buddha Nature 69 “Gate - gate - paragate - parasamgate! Bodhi! Svaha!” 71 The Heart Sutra THE MAHA PRAJNA PARAMITA HRIDAYA SUTRA Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva When practicing deeply the Prajna Paramita Perceived that all five skandhas are empty And was saved from all suff’ring and distress.
  • Bulguksa Temple, South Korea

    Bulguksa Temple, South Korea

    Bulguksa Temple, South Korea Bulguksa is often regarded as the 'Museum Without Walls' Very few structures around the world can match the architectural beauty and aesthetic appeal of the Bulguksa Temple in South Korea. Located in Gyeongju city, often referred as the 'Museum Without Walls', this 8 th-century Buddhist temple is a delicately constructed masterpiece. The temple is known for its immense religious significance. The wooden structure of the temple rests on a raised platform of stone. At this temple complex, you experience the spiritual enlightenment your soul yearns for. History The construction of the Temple started during the reign of King Beop-Heung of Silla Kingdom in 5 th century AD. It was completed in 774 AD under the dominion of King Hye-Gong and got its present name – Bulguksa Temple. Several renovations took place over the next few centuries. Bulguksa is believed to be designed by the legendary architect Kim Daeseong. UNESCO enlisted this temple and the Seokguram Grotto as a World Heritage Site in 1995. What to Do at Bulguksa Temple ? Visiting Bulguksa Temple is akin to witnessing the richness of Buddhist art along with the ancient culture and architectural assets. The temple complex houses relics including Seokgatap and Dabotap (two of the most valued pagodas in the country), the Golden-seated Amita Figure, and the Vairocana Buddhist Figure. Theses two relics were designated as the national treasure of Korea in 1962. The Dabotap and Seokgatap pagodas stand at a height of 10.4 meters and 8.2 meters respectively. These two relics separate the Mauve Mist Gate called Jahamun and the hall housing the Sakyamuni Buddha known as Daeungjeon.
  • On Lay Practice Within North American Soto Zen James Ishmael Ford 5 February 2018 Blue Cliff Zen Sangha Costa Mesa, California L

    On Lay Practice Within North American Soto Zen James Ishmael Ford 5 February 2018 Blue Cliff Zen Sangha Costa Mesa, California L

    On Lay Practice Within North American Soto Zen James Ishmael Ford 5 February 2018 Blue Cliff Zen Sangha Costa Mesa, California Last week I posted on my Monkey Mind blog an essay I titled Soto Zen Buddhism in North America: Some Random Notes From a Work in Progress. There I wrote, along with a couple of small digressions and additions I add for this talk: Probably the most important thing here (within our North American Zen and particularly our North American Soto Zen) has been the rise in the importance of lay practice. My sense is that the Japanese hierarchy pretty close to completely have missed this as something important. And, even within the convert Soto ordained community, a type of clericalism that is a sense that only clerical practice is important exists that has also blinded many to this reality. That reality is how Zen practice belongs to all of us, whatever our condition in life, whether ordained, or lay. Now, this clerical bias comes to us honestly enough. Zen within East Asia is project for the ordained only. But, while that is an historical fact, it is very much a problem here. Actually a profound problem here. Throughout Asia the disciplines of Zen have largely been the province of the ordained, whether traditional Vinaya monastics or Japanese and Korean non-celibate priests. This has been particularly so with Japanese Soto Zen, where the myth and history of Dharma transmission has been collapsed into the normative ordination model. Here I feel it needful to note this is not normative in any other Zen context.
  • The Best of Korea 10 Days UNESCO World Heritage Tour to Seoul, Jeju Island, Busan, Gyeongju, Daegu, Andong & Mt

    The Best of Korea 10 Days UNESCO World Heritage Tour to Seoul, Jeju Island, Busan, Gyeongju, Daegu, Andong & Mt

    The Best of Korea 10 days UNESCO World Heritage Tour to Seoul, Jeju Island, Busan, Gyeongju, Daegu, Andong & Mt. Sorak This amazing tour visit major world cultural and natural heritages in Korea designated by UNESCO in order to help foreign visitors to have broad and deep understanding of Korean. Starting from hustle and bustle metropolitan city of Seoul, to deep blue waters of Jeju Island, then UNESCO heritages of Bulguksa Tempe, Tripitaka Koreana and Seoraksan National Park, there are a lot to see in this beautiful country! Day 1 Arrival Seoul Departure on Friday Upon arrival at Incheon International Airport you are met by our representative and transfer to check in your hotel. The rest of day is at your leisure. Day 2 Seoul – DMZ half day tour (Meal: B) 07:30~14:20, Passport is required to join 07:30 Pick up from your hotel and drive to Imjingak Park; you will have ID check at Unification Bridge before we head to DMZ theatre & Exhibition hall. Then followed by visiting the 3rd infiltration tunnel- Dorasan Observatory and Dorasan Station. After lunch, continue your tour to Advance Camp, Joint Security Area, Freedom House, Conference Room, UN guard post 3, Bridge of no return and Imjingak Park. Return to Seoul and visit Ginseng Center at around 14:30. You will be drop off at Itaewon street where you can enjoy your free time there. Return to hotel on your own. Day 3 Seoul – Jeju Island (Meal: B) You are transferred to the airport for your early morning flight to Jeju Island.
  • Spanish Home Retreat: Cultivating a Calm Heart for These Uncertain Times

    Spanish Home Retreat: Cultivating a Calm Heart for These Uncertain Times

    Spanish Home Retreat: Cultivating a Calm Heart for These Uncertain Times February 25 – 28, 2021 The Institute for Meditation and Psychotherapy www.meditationandpsychotherapy.org and Insight Meditation Society 1230 Pleasant Street Barre, MA 01005 978-355-4378 www.dharma.org Program Description ¿Cómo se puede cultivar un corazón tranquilo para los tiempos inseguros en que vivimos? Te invitamos a participar en este retiro casero para explorar las prácticas budistas para apoyar y cultivar un corazón tranquilo lleno de sabiduría y compasión, que puede sobrevivir entre las inseguridades de nuestra vida y nuestro mundo. Exploraremos las enseñanzas budistas de atención plena y amor bondadoso. Con estas meditaciones podremos reconocer verdades esenciales de nuestras vidas y ganar estabilidad en nuestros corazones. Esto nos ayudará a vivir en este mundo con más sabiduría, compasión y alegría. También, esta intimidad nos abre a vivir nuestra humanidad e interconexión con todos los seres vivientes y con la Madre Tierra. Tendremos instrucciones diarias de meditación introspectiva (insight) y de amor bondadoso, charlas de las enseñanzas budistas y prácticas relacionales. Personas a cualquier nivel de práctica en la meditación introspectiva/vipassana pueden inscribirse. Nuestro deseo es que este retiro sea accesible a toda persona que quiera participar. Se ofrecerán créditos de educación continua para trabajadores sociales. ⚫ How can one cultivate a calm heart for these uncertain times we are living in? We invite you to join us in this online home retreat to explore the Buddhist practices that can support and cultivate a calm heart full of wisdom and compassion, that can take us through the uncertainties of our lives and our world.
  • Southern Palm Zen News

    Southern Palm Zen News

    Southern Palm Zen News December 2011 Volume 5, Number 12 In This Issue Shuso for Zochi Shuso Hossen for Winter Special Events Prison Outreach 2011-12 Calendar Gary Zochi Faysash Sangha Bulletin Board Saturday, December 17, 2011 Our Website Shuso Hossen or Dharma Combat is a ceremonial rite- www.floridazen.com of-passage marking a student’s promotion to the rank of senior student. look here for recommended At Hossen, the Shuso gives his first dharma talk and takes questions resources and readings for from the community in a ceremonial conversation. Zochi’s dharma talk students of zen will arise from insights obtained while studying the koan “Mind is Buddha”. Our Schedule Please read the koan below and consider what questions you might ask Tuesday & Thursday him on that day. Also, you are invited to present a poem or short piece Morning of prose or some other original work to honor the Shuso. Zazen 7:00 a.m. – 8:00 a.m. Schedule for Saturday, December 17, 2011 7:15–7:30 a.m. SERVICE Short Break Wednesday Evening 7:30–8:00 ZAZEN 8:40 – 9:00 SET UP FOR SHUSO HOSSEN Orientation to Zen & 8:00–8:10 KINHIN-INTERVIEWS 9:00 – 10:00 SHUSO HOSSEN Meditation: CEREMONY 5:30 – 6:00 p.m. 8:10–8:40 ZAZEN-FOUR VOWS 10:00 - 11:00 BREAKFAST Study Group To help us plan seating and food, please RSVP to [email protected]. 6:00 – 7:00 p.m. Service & Zazen 7:00 – 8:00 p.m. KOAN# 30 FROM THE GATELESS BARRIER: MIND IS BUDDHA Saturday Morning THE CASE Service & Zazen 7:15 – 9:10 a.m.
  • Beopjusa and Magoksa National Treasures: Royal Palaces

    Beopjusa and Magoksa National Treasures: Royal Palaces

    K O R E A N HERITAGE 여름 SUMMER 2015 | Vol. 8 No. 2 여름 SUMMER 2015 Vol. 8 No. 2 Vol. ISSN 2005-0151 KOREAN HERITAGE Quarterly Magazine of the Cultural Heritage Administration KOREAN HERITAGE SUMMER 2015 Cover Haenyeo culture, anchored in Jeju Island, is an important part of Korea’s intan- gible heritage. This unique aspect of Jeju culture encompasses a rich trove of tradition handed down to the present, including diving techniques, knowledge about surviving and living in harmony with the oceanic environment, and diverse rituals. Women divers, or haenyeo, have overcome adverse conditions to give birth to a full-fledged female profession, serving as an exemplar of persever- ance and the pioneering spirit of Jeju women. KOREAN HERITAGE is also available on the website (http://English.cha.go.kr) and smart devices. 02 | 03 KOREAN HERITAGE CHA News Vignettes An Everyday Artifact Cooperation for Underwater Excavation Starts in Earnest Hapjukseon, Traditional Korean Fan The Cultural Heritage Administration and the Korean Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Before modern-day electric fans and air conditioners were invented, have completed on-site joint research, through their research arms, the National Research Institute what was there to cool one down in sweltering weather? Korean of Maritime Cultural Heritage and the Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering ancestors of course always had their fans, called buchae, close at (KRISO). The partnership was initiated as an effort to deploy a Korean oceanic robot for excavating hand to gently stir the air and chase the heat away. The word buchae underwater heritage.
  • The Way to Well-Being My Responsibility for the War in Iraq

    The Way to Well-Being My Responsibility for the War in Iraq

    Summer 2008 A Publication of Plum Village Issue 48 $8/%8/£6 The Way to Well-Being A Dharma Talk by Sister Annabel My Responsibility for the War in Iraq Watering Fearlessness ISSUE NO. 48 - SUMMER 2008 Dharma Talk 4 Zen Master Thich Nhat Hanh Talks about Tibet 6 The Way to Well-Being By Sister Annabel, True Virtue War’s Aftermath 12 A War Is Never Over Healing and Transformation By Trish Thompson 29 The First Precept 14 Question By Julie Hungiville LeMay By Paul Davis 30 The Leaves of One Tree 15 Spanning a Bridge By Le Thu Thuy By Sister Dang Nghiem 32 On Love and Being Gay 18 “First Time in Vietnam?” By Laurie Arron By Brian McNaught 34 Blue Sky Practice By Susan Hadler Heart to Heart 35 The Fifth Mindfulness Training By Evelyn van de Veen, Scott Morris, and Paul Baranowski Children’s Wisdom 37 Paint a Portrait of Me By Brooke Mitchell 38 The Helping Hand By Brother Phap Dung 40 Bell of Mindfulness By Terry Cortes-Vega 20 My Responsibility for the War in Iraq Sangha News By Bruce Campbell 41 Thay Rewrites the Five Contemplations; New Dharma Teachers Ordained at Plum Village; 20 The Light at the Q&A about Blue Cliff Tip of the Candle By Claude Anshin Thomas Book Reviews Gift of Non-Fear 44 World As Lover, World As Self By Joanna Macy 23 Getting Better, not Bitter The Dharma in Tanzania 44 Buddha Mind, Buddha Body By Thich Nhat Hanh By Karen Brody 25 Watering Fearlessness By David C.
  • Number 3 2011 Korean Buddhist Art

    Number 3 2011 Korean Buddhist Art

    NUMBER 3 2011 KOREAN BUDDHIST ART KOREAN ART SOCIETY JOURNAL NUMBER 3 2011 Korean Buddhist Art Publisher and Editor: Robert Turley, President of the Korean Art Society and Korean Art and Antiques CONTENTS About the Authors…………………………………………..………………...…..……...3-6 Publisher’s Greeting…...…………………………….…….………………..……....….....7 The Museum of Korean Buddhist Art by Robert Turley…………………..…..…..8-10 Twenty Selections from the Museum of Korean Buddhist Art by Dae Sung Kwon, Do Kyun Kwon, and Hyung Don Kwon………………….….11-37 Korean Buddhism in the Far East by Henrik Sorensen……………………..…….38-53 Korean Buddhism in East Asian Context by Robert Buswell……………………54-61 Buddhist Art in Korea by Youngsook Pak…………………………………..……...62-66 Image, Iconography and Belief in Early Korean Buddhism by Jonathan Best.67-87 Early Korean Buddhist Sculpture by Lena Kim…………………………………....88-94 The Taenghwa Tradition in Korean Buddhism by Henrik Sorensen…………..95-115 The Sound of Ecstasy and Nectar of Enlightenment by Lauren Deutsch…..116-122 The Korean Buddhist Rite of the Dead: Yeongsan-jae by Theresa Ki-ja Kim123-143 Dado: The Korean Way of Tea by Lauren Deutsch……………………………...144-149 Korean Art Society Events…………………………………………………………..150-154 Korean Art Society Press……………………………………………………………155-162 Bibliography of Korean Buddhism by Kenneth R. Robinson…...…………….163-199 Join the Korean Art Society……………...………….…….……………………...……...200 About the Authors 1 About the Authors All text and photographs contained herein are the property of the individual authors and any duplication without permission of the authors is a violation of applicable laws. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BY THE INDIVIDUAL AUTHORS. Please click on the links in the bios below to order each author’s publications or to learn more about their activities.
  • Mindfulness in Early Buddhism: New Approaches Through Psychology and Textual Analysis of Pali, Chinese and Sanskrit Sources

    Mindfulness in Early Buddhism: New Approaches Through Psychology and Textual Analysis of Pali, Chinese and Sanskrit Sources

    MINDFULNESS IN EARLY BUDDHISM This book identifies what is meant by sati (smUti), usually translated as “mind- fulness,” in early Buddhism, and examines its soteriological functions and its central role in the early Buddhist practice and philosophy. Using textual analysis and criticism, it takes new approaches to the subject through a com- parative study of Buddhist texts in Pali, Chinese and Sanskrit. It also fur- nishes new perspectives on the ancient teaching by applying the findings in modern psychology. In contemporary Buddhism, the practice of mindfulness is zealously advocated by the Theravada tradition, which is the only early Buddhist school that still exists today. Through detailed analysis of Theravada’s Pali Canon and the four Chinese Fgamas—which correspond to the four main NikAyas in Pali and belong to some early schools that no longer exist—this book shows that mindfulness is not only limited to the role as a method of insight (vipassanA) meditation, as presented by many Theravada advocates, but it also has a key role in serenity (samatha) medi- tation. It elucidates how mindfulness functions in the path to liberation from a psychological perspective, that is, how it helps to achieve an optimal cog- nitive capability and emotional state, and thereby enables one to attain the ultimate religious goal. Furthermore, the author argues that the well-known formula of ekAyano maggo, which is often interpreted as “the only way,” implies that the four satipaWWhAnas (establishments of mindfulness) constitute a com- prehensive path to liberation, and refer to the same as kAyagatA sati, which has long been understood as “mindfulness of the body” by the tradition.