IntegratingIntegrating biodiversitybiodiversity conservationconservation intointo spatialspatial planningplanning inin MalaysiaMalaysia ::
DrDr GG BalamuruganBalamurugan EREERE ConsultingConsulting GroupGroup
www.ere.com.my ContentsContents
SpatialSpatial planningplanning inin MalaysiaMalaysia
IncorporationIncorporation ofof biodiversitybiodiversity conservationconservation inin thethe NationalNational PhysicalPhysical PlanPlan
LessonsLessons learntlearnt
www.ere.com.my NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING FRAMEWORK - MALAYSIA
VISION 2020
LEVEL 1 : NATIONAL PLANNING
5 YEAR NATIONAL SECTORAL MALAYSIA PLAN PHYSICAL PLAN POLICIES/ PLANS
LEVEL 2 : REGIONAL/STATE PLANNING
STATE REGIONAL/ SECTORAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN STRCTURE PLAN POLICIES/ PLANS
LEVEL 3 : LOCAL PLANNING
LOCAL SPECIAL AREA PLAN PLAN www.ere.com.my NationalNational PhysicalPhysical PlanPlan
Provided for by the Town & Country Planning Act 1976
Aims to strengthen national planning by providing a spatial dimension to national economic policies
Provides general direction of physical development
To be reviewed once in every 5 years in tandem with the 5 -year national economic plans
www.ere.com.my www.ere.com.my NationalNational PhysicalPhysical PlanPlan
Because biodiversity conservation is so closely related to land use planning, the “environment team ” had to be very proactive in guiding the rest of the spatial planning team.
The main aim was to protect all the key “environmentally sensitive areas ” (ESA) and to guide the direction of development growth.
It was also important to portray the hierarchy of the ESA to enable the other sectors make informed decisions. www.ere.com.my www.ere.com.my Areas important for the protection of biodiversity Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3
www.ere.com.my Areas important for the protection of life support Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3
www.ere.com.my Areas important for the protection against hazards Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3
www.ere.com.my Composite – Environmentally Sensitive Areas Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3
www.ere.com.my EffectEffect onon lowerlower --levellevel plansplans
NPPNPP setssets thethe minimumminimum requirementsrequirements –– thatthat thethe lowerlower levellevel spatialspatial plansplans havehave toto adhereadhere
MostMost ofof thethe lowerlower levellevel plansplans havehave sincesince identifiedidentified moremore environmentallyenvironmentally sensitivesensitive areasareas –– thosethose thatthat areare importantimportant atat thethe locallocal levellevel
www.ere.com.my FollowFollow upup projectsprojects
EstablishmentEstablishment ofof thethe CentralCentral ForestForest SpineSpine (focus(focus onon establishmentestablishment forestforest connectivityconnectivity // biologicalbiological corridors)corridors)
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• Re-establish forest connectivity • Overcome problems associated with forest fragmentation
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Traditional agencies (environment, etc) are weak in finance, manpower and jurisdiction.
Therefore, when a “mainstream ” agency stresses on biodiversity conservation, it has a greater impact than if emphasis is by conventional environmental agencies.
Before NPP, low level of awareness amongst governmental agencies about the NBSAP. Many key agencies (town planning, agriculture, finance) unfamiliar with Protected areas, CBD, etc
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ModestModest levellevel ofof NGONGO participationparticipation butbut highhigh levellevel ofof buybuy --inin andand support.support. ThisThis ledled toto greatergreater disseminationdissemination ofof informationinformation aboutabout thethe NPPNPP toto thethe generalgeneral public.public.
StakeholderStakeholder consultationconsultation doesdoes notnot necessarilynecessarily leadlead toto stakeholderstakeholder ownershipownership ..
InIn thethe casecase ofof consultationconsultation withwith otherother governmentgovernment agencies,agencies, ifif consultationconsultation notnot donedone properly,properly, couldcould leadlead toto turfturf war.war. www.ere.com.my LessonsLessons learntlearnt
TheThe rolerole ofof traditionaltraditional environmentalenvironmental agenciesagencies shouldshould bebe toto facilitatefacilitate andand toto provideprovide appropriateappropriate information.information.
IdentifyIdentify andand nurturenurture championschampions inin keykey agenciesagencies
www.ere.com.my Biodiversity
A gr Conservation icu lt ur e Ag en cy To wn Pla nning Agenc nt y me ron nvi f E y o istr Min
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www.ere.com.my Conventional Model Biodiversity Conservation re R icultu oa Agr Ag ds ency en Ag cy
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www.ere.com.my LessonsLessons learntlearnt
PeoplePeople shouldshould bebe trainedtrained onon howhow toto planplan andand conductconduct stakeholderstakeholder workshops.workshops. ThisThis isis nownow takentaken forfor granted.granted. NoNo workshopworkshop maymay bebe betterbetter thanthan aa poorlypoorly organizedorganized one.one.
PreachPreach toto thethe ““infidelsinfidels ”” –– toto overcomeovercome lacklack ofof bioDbioD awarenessawareness outsideoutside thethe traditionaltraditional sectorssectors
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MainstreamingMainstreaming isis competitivecompetitive .. AllAll otherother sectorssectors areare alsoalso tryingtrying toto mainstream;mainstream; e.g.e.g. tourism,tourism, health,health, safety,safety, etc.etc.
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